Oleh: AMIN A. MAGGANG, ST., MTN.

Eng
 Pada Network Layer, paket kmomunikasi perlu
diidentifikasi dengan source and destination address.
 Pada IPv4, setiap paket mempunyai 32-bit source
address and a 32-bit destination address Pada header
Layer 3
 Untuk memudahkan pembaca, IPv4 addresses are
dituliskan dengan menggunakan format bilangan
desimal
Isi dari paket header IPv4
IPv4 ADDRESSES

IPv4 address adalah 32-bit address yang secara unik dan

umum mendefenisikan koneksi perangkat (contohnya,
sebuah computer atau router) ke Internet.

• IPv4 address memiliki 32 bits.

• The IPv4 addresses unikdan universal.
• Kapasistas alamat untuk IPv4 is 232 atau
4,294,967,296.

19.4
20
.5
Latihan
Practice

Answer = 176

Answer = 255
168 = ? binary
 Untuk mengetahui portions/bagian network dan host, maka
digunakanlah subnet mask, yang adalah teknik yang
digunakan dengan memisahkan 32-bit pattern.
 Subnet mask sebenarnya tidak berisikan network atau host
portion dari sebuah IPv4 address, itu hanya mengatakan
dimana melihat portions tersbut dalam IPv4 address yang
diberikan.
Valid Subnet Masks
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.0/24
1 AND 1 = 1 1 AND 0 = 0 0 AND 1 = 0 0 AND 0 = 0
LAN Interface Properties Configuring a Static IPv4 Address
 Verification

DHCP – The preferred method of assigning IPv4 addresses to

hosts on large networks because it reduces the burden on network
support staff and virtually eliminates entry errors.
In an IPv4 network, the hosts can communicate one of three
different ways:
Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast
#1 Unicast – the
process of sending a
packet from one host
to an individual host.
 In an IPv4 network, the hosts can communicate one of three
different ways: Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast.

#2 Broadcast – the
process of sending a Directed broadcast
packet from one host • Destination 172.16.4.255
to all hosts in the • Hosts within the
network. 172.16.4.0/24 network
NOTE: Routers
do not forward a
limited
broadcast!
Directed broadcast
 Destination
172.16.4.255
 Hosts within the
172.16.4.0/24 network
In an IPv4 network, the hosts can communicate one of three
different ways: Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast.

#3 Multicast – The process of sending a packet from one host to a selected group
of hosts, possibly in different networks.
 Reduces traffic

 Reserved for addressing multicast groups – 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

 Link local – 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 (Example: routing information

exchanged by routing protocols)
 Globally scoped addresses – 224.0.1.0 to 238.255.255.255 (Example: 224.0.1.1
has been reserved for Network Time Protocol)
Private address blocks are:

 Hosts that do not require access to the Internet can use private addresses

 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0/8)

 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0/12)
 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0/16)
Classless Addressing
 Formal name is Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR, pronounced “cider
 Created a new set of standards that allowed service providers to allocate IPv4
addresses on any address bit boundary (prefix length) instead of only by a class
A, B, or C address

Example:
172.26.78.3/28
172.26.78.3 adalah alamat IP

/28 adalah panjang prefiks