Citizenship Quiz:

1. After a federal election, which party forms the new government?

a. The party with the most elected representatives is invited by the Governor General to
become the party in power.
b. The King himself picks any party to run the government.
c. The Governor General proposes a law for elected officials to become the governing body.

d. The Premiers of each province pick a party to run the government

2. Approximately how many Canadians served in the First World War?

a. 7000.
b. 8 million.
c. About 60,000.
d. More than 600,000.

3. Canada has three territories and how many provinces?

a. 13
b. 10
c. 3
d. 5

4. Give an example of where English and French have equal status in Canada.
 a. In schools.
b. In the workplace.
c. In the Parliament of Canada.
d. At City Hall.

5. How are Senators chosen?

a. By the Governor General of Canada.
b. By the Premiers of all provinces.
c. Appointed by the King.
d. Senators are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister.

6. In Canada’s justice system what does “presumption of innocence” mean?

a. Everyone is guilty until proven innocent
b. Guilt is decided by public opinion
c. Innocence is decided by public opinion
d. Everyone is innocent until proven guilty

7. In which region do more than half the people in Canada live?

a. Central Canada.
b. Prairies.
c. Atlantic Canada.
d. Northern Canada.

8. Name the five regions of Canada

a. Midwest, North, South, East, Central
b. Maritimes, Ontario, Quebec, Prairies, and British Columbia
c. Atlantic, Central, Prairie, West Coast, and North
d. West, Central, East, Prairies, and Territories

9. Name two key documents that contain our rights and freedoms.
a. The Canadian Constitution and English common law.
b. Civil code of France and the Canadian Constitution.
c. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and Magna Carta (the Great Charter of
Freedoms).
d. Laws passed by Parliament and English common law.

10. Name two responsibilities of the provincial and territorial government.

a. Citizenship and Foreign Policy
b. Health and Education
c. Defense and Currency
d. Criminal Law and Interprovincial Trade

11. What are the Prairie provinces and their capital cities?
a. Alberta (Edmonton) and Saskatchewan (Regina).

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 b. Alberta (Edmonton), Saskatchewan (Regina) and Manitoba (Winnipeg).
c. Saskatchewan (Regina) and Manitoba (Winnipeg).
d. Saskatchewan (Regina), Manitoba (Winnipeg) and Ontario (Toronto).

12. What are the three levels of government in Canada?

a. Federal, Provincial and Territorial, Municipal (local).
b. Federal, Provincial and City.
c. Federal, Territorial and Provincial.
d. Federal, State and Local.

13. What are the three main types of industry in Canada?

a. Natural resources, tourism and service industries.
b. Tourism, services and manufacturing.
c. Natural resources, tourism and manufacturing.
d. Natural resources, manufacturing and services

14. What country is Canada’s largest trading partner?

a. Mexico.
b. United States of America.
c. China.
d. Japan.

15. What did the Canadian Pacific Railway symbolize?

a. Easy access to the West Coast.
b. What can be achieved by working together.
c. Unity.
d. Ribbons of steel.

16. What do you call a law before it is passed?

a. A New law.
b. A Proposed law.
c. A Bill.
d. A New proposal.

17. What do you call the Sovereign’s representative in the provinces?

a. Premier.
b. Member of the Legislative Assembly.
c. Lieutenant-Governor.
d. Senator.

18. What happened at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham?

a. The Voyagers battled with the British for fur trading rights
b. Americans fought the United Empire Loyalists during the American Revolution
c. The British defeated the French marking the end of France's empire in America

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 d. The French defeated the British in a battle for Quebec

19. What is a voter information card?

a. Tells you who the candidates are in your electoral district.
b. Tells you what province to vote in.
c. A form that tells you when and where to vote.
d. A form that lets you know your voting time.

20. What is the “head tax”?

a. Race-based entry fee charged for Chinese entering Canada.
b. Fee charged for anyone entering Canada after 1900.
c. A tax imposed on beer beginning in 1867.
d. Fee charged for moving westward in the early 1900s.

Score: /20

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Understanding Canada's Immigration
Canada's immigration landscape is shaped by a multitude of economic, political, and
health/security factors. Understanding how these factors influence immigration policies is
essential for comprehending their impact on various individuals and groups within Canadian
society.

Economic Factors:

Positive Perspective:
Labor Market Growth: Immigration injects vitality into Canada's labor market by filling skill
gaps, particularly in industries facing shortages. Skilled immigrants contribute to
innovation, productivity, and economic growth, enhancing Canada's competitiveness on
the global stage. This benefits skilled workers, professionals, and entrepreneurs seeking
employment opportunities and better economic prospects.

Entrepreneurial Spirit: Immigrant entrepreneurs bring fresh ideas, capital, and business
acumen, driving innovation and job creation. Programs like the Start-up Visa encourage
immigrant entrepreneurs to establish businesses in Canada, fostering a dynamic
entrepreneurial ecosystem. This positively impacts both immigrant entrepreneurs and the
broader economy.

Negative Perspective:
Wage Suppression: To address concerns about wage suppression, the government
implements measures to enforce labor standards, prevent workplace exploitation, and
promote fair wages for all workers. Immigration policies are designed to balance labor
market needs with protections for domestic workers, including monitoring employer
compliance and addressing instances of labor exploitation. This impacts both immigrant
and domestic workers.

Brain Drain Concerns: Brain drain refers to the migration of skilled or educated individuals
from one country to another in search of better opportunities, leading to a loss of valuable
human capital for the source country. The government collaborates with international
partners to mitigate brain drain effects by promoting skills development and capacity-
building initiatives in source countries. Programs such as the International Experience
Canada (IEC) also facilitate temporary exchanges to enable young professionals to gain
work experience in Canada while maintaining ties with their home countries. This
impacts both source and destination countries.

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Political Factors:

Positive Perspective:
Humanitarian Leadership: Canada's commitment to refugee resettlement and humanitarian
aid demonstrates its compassion and solidarity with vulnerable populations worldwide.
The government responds to humanitarian crises by increasing refugee resettlement
quotas, providing financial assistance to displaced populations, and supporting
international humanitarian efforts. This positively impacts refugees, asylum seekers, and
immigrant communities.

Diversity Enrichment: The government promotes diversity and social inclusion through
multiculturalism policies, anti-discrimination legislation, and funding for community
integration programs. Efforts to celebrate cultural diversity, promote intercultural
dialogue, and combat racism and xenophobia contribute to building a more inclusive
society. This positively impacts immigrant communities and Canadian society as a
whole.

Negative Perspective:
Political Controversies: In response to political controversies surrounding immigration, the
government engages in public education campaigns, community consultations, and policy
dialogues to address misinformation, dispel stereotypes, and foster constructive dialogue.
It also enforces laws against hate speech, discrimination, and incitement to violence to
protect the rights and dignity of all Canadians. This impacts immigrants, marginalized
groups, and social cohesion.

Integration Challenges: To address integration challenges, the government invests in

settlement services, language training, and social integration programs to support
newcomers in adapting to Canadian society. Collaborative efforts with community
organizations, educational institutions, and employers help facilitate immigrants' social
and economic integration while promoting cross-cultural understanding and respect. This
impacts immigrant communities and social cohesion.

Health and Security Factors:

Positive Perspective:
Public Health Protection: The government collaborates with public health authorities to
implement health screening measures that protect public health without stigmatizing or
discriminating against immigrants. It ensures access to healthcare services for all
residents, regardless of immigration status, and promotes vaccination campaigns and
disease prevention initiatives to safeguard community health. This impacts immigrants
and host communities.

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 National Security: The government invests in border security infrastructure, intelligence
gathering capabilities, and international cooperation agreements to enhance national
security and prevent threats posed by terrorism, organized crime, and illicit trafficking. It
balances security imperatives with respect for civil liberties and human rights through
oversight mechanisms and judicial review processes. This impacts all Canadians.

Negative Perspective:
Stigmatization and Discrimination: To combat stigmatization and discrimination, the
government promotes diversity awareness, cultural competency training, and anti-
discrimination policies in public institutions and workplaces. It works closely with
community leaders, advocacy groups, and educational institutions to address systemic
barriers and promote social inclusion for all Canadians. This impacts immigrants,
marginalized groups, and social cohesion.

Privacy Concerns: The government upholds privacy rights and data protection standards in
immigration screening processes, ensuring transparency, accountability, and oversight of
information-sharing practices. It engages with privacy commissioners, legal experts, and
civil society organizations to uphold privacy rights while maintaining effective security
measures to protect public safety. This impacts immigrants and all Canadians.

In conclusion, Canada's response to the issues involved in immigration factors is multifaceted,

encompassing policy measures, community engagement, and collaboration with diverse
stakeholders. By addressing the opportunities and challenges associated with economic, political,
and health/security factors, the government aims to foster inclusive, equitable, and prosperous
outcomes for all Canadians.

Instructions for filling out the table (next page):

● There is very little space, so try to find the most important details and write them in point
form.
● Not all of the answers are provided in the text, you may need to think critically about the
information provided to answer a question.
● Once you have completed an entire column, rate each factor based on which one you
believe is the most important considering the information provided.

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 Economic Factors Political Factors Health/Security Factors

Why was the

policy developed?

What individuals
and groups in
society are
affected?

What are the

issues or
problems
involved?

In what ways is
quality of life
affected?

What perspectives
and views exist
about the policy?

How does the

government
respond to the
issue?

Overall Rating 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

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 History of Immigration in Canada
Immigration to New France
● 16th-18th Century
● _______________
● Mostly French Settlers
● Little interest in immigrating to Canada
Irish Immigration
● 19th Century
● Slow, erratic growth of Canada
● Followed ____________________
● Starkly different culturally, socially, and
___________________, which they faced
discrimination for
Migrant and Urban Centres
● Influx of migrants including Macedonians,
Russians, Finns, and Chinese
● faced ethnic and religious prejudices
● primarily recruited for
_______________________________ in
industries like construction, mining,
lumbering, and railway building
Immigration in the late 20th Century
● 1980s, Canada saw a rise in refugee
claimants
● Parliament tightened regulations and worked
with other countries to deter potential
claimants from reaching Canada.
● introduced initiatives to attract immigrants
with employable skills or significant
financial resources
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Loyalist Immigration
● 18th-19th Century
● Followed the American War for
Independence
● Loyalists did not want to become citizens of
the American Republic
● Black Loyalists also fled to Canada but still
faced __________________________
Western Migration
● 19th- early 20th Century
● ____________________________________
● Settlement of Prairie provinces alongside
demand for agriculture
● implementation of extensive immigration
program that benefitted white Europeans
Refugee Migration after 1945
● 1960s and 1970s, Canada responded to
refugees fleeing political upheavals 1978,
new Immigration Act resettling refugees
from oppression
● _____________________________
(refugees)
Immigration since September 11, 2001
● Immigration and Refugee Protection Act
(IRPA) passed in 2002
● IRPA facilitated entry for individuals in
common-law or same-sex relationships.
● "______________________" refugees
● However, 2015 and 2017 resettled 54,000
Syrian refugees
Modern Day Immigration to Canada
● 2016-2021, Canada admitted over ____________________ immigrants
● migrants from India, the Philippines, and China being the most numerous groups
● Despite challenges such as racism and discrimination, Canadian society recognizes the significant
contributions immigrants make to building a better society on Canadian soil.

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$13 billion for Francization of temporary
immigrants in Quebec
By Thomas Laberge, The Canadian Press (February 15, 2024)

The number of temporary immigrants in Quebec has “played a central role in the decline of the
French language,” said French Language Commissioner Benoît Dubreuil in a report tabled
Wednesday in the National Assembly.

He added it would cost between $10.6 and $12.9 billion for all temporary immigrants to
complete an intermediate level of training in French.

“That’s quite a lot of money because learning French takes a lot of hours. About a year of full-
time study,” he told reporters at the National Assembly

Dubreuil did not say who should pay this amount but said “someone should.”

“It could be the government by increasing its financial assistance. It could be employers by
freeing up workers during their working hours, or it could be universities by offering more
bursaries,” he said. “Finally, it could be the immigrants themselves by cutting the number of
hours they work or by cutting back on their personal hours.”

The commissioner said that the current rate at which French is being learned is insufficient.

He stated that most temporary immigrants who do not know French have not enrolled in courses
offered by Francisation Québec.

“Of those who have enrolled, many have not been offered a place. And of those who did get a
place, most only took part-time courses lasting a few months, which is not enough time to learn
to speak French fluently,” he said.

Dubreuil claims that the number of hours spent on francization this year was approximately five
to six per cent of the number needed for all temporary immigrants to be able to speak French
fluently.

There are currently 36,304 temporary immigrants on waitlists for a spot in a French class.

Dubreuil declined to comment on whether Quebec’s intake capacity had been reached or
exceeded.

“From a linguistic point of view, what counts is not the total number of people. It’s much more
the profile of the people arriving that’s decisive,” he explained. “So, if we want French to
survive, ideally we need to have the right mix of immigrants on arrival.”

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Rising immigration numbers

The report states that from 2016 to 2023, Quebec would have grown from 86,065 to 528,034
temporary immigrants.

“From 2021 to 2023, the non-permanent population that did not know French would have
practically tripled. In October 2023, it was likely to be between 155,351 and 191,015 people,”
reads the Commissioner’s document.

Dubreuil estimates in his report that the population without French knowledge and the
population working mainly in English would both have increased by one percent.

“1 per cent drop in French at work, for example, in two years, is historically huge. In fact, I think
it’s incomparable.”

Dubreuil made a series of recommendations in his report.

First, he suggests setting up a public dashboard to monitor the evolution of non-permanent

residents, including language spoken by temporary immigrants.

The purpose of this dashboard would be to strengthen the planning, monitoring and evaluation of
policies related to temporary immigration.

The commissioner is proposing to develop upstream recruitment channels to attract French-

speaking workers. The government should also consider offering additional financial assistance
to help temporary immigrants learn French before they arrive in Quebec.

Dubreuil also supports a request from the Coalition avenir Québec government for asylum
seekers to be better distributed across Canada. But he adds that the distribution should be based
on language.

In short, Quebec would keep French-speaking asylum seekers, while those who speak English
would be redirected to the other Canadian provinces.

However, Québec solidaire says it opposes the last recommendation.

“We want a balanced distribution of asylum seekers, but departures from Quebec to live
elsewhere in Canada must be voluntary and humane. What’s more, there are solutions such as
reviewing the temporary immigration model, which has exploded, and offering more incentives
to asylum seekers and all new arrivals for francization,” said Québec solidaire official for
immigration Guillaume Cliche-Rivard, in an email.

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Questions:

1. According to Dubreuil's report, what is the estimated cost for all temporary immigrants to
achieve an intermediate level of French proficiency, and what are some proposed sources
for funding this endeavor?

2. What are the challenges highlighted by Dubreuil regarding the current francization efforts
in Quebec for temporary immigrants?

3. What are the contrasting views between the Coalition avenir Québec government and
Québec solidaire regarding the distribution of asylum seekers based on language?

4. Why is it important for Quebec to maintain French fluency in the province (think about
our discussion regarding the Charter of Rights and Freedoms)?

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Immigration and Indigenous Groups in Canada
What impact does increasing immigration have on Aboriginal peoples and communities?

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Performance Task!
Exploring Immigration in Canada: Analyzing Pros, Cons, and Crafting a Personal Position

Outline:
● This assignment will be completed in the form of a standard 5 paragraph essay.
● You will first complete a plan for your essay where you will synthesize your information
on the pros and cons of immigration in Canada using only the information we have
discussed in class. (No outside sources or research needed!!) And then formulate a
personal position on the topic — do you think immigration ultimately has a positive or
negative impact on Canada.
● You will have one class period to plan, and one class period to write.
● The final essay will be due April 18th at 6pm.

Tasks:
Using the gathered research and analysis, students will compose a well-structured essay
addressing the following components:
● Introduction:
● Provide background information on immigration in Canada.
● Introduce the significance of exploring both the pros and cons of immigration.
● Present a clear thesis statement outlining the student's position on the matter.
● Body Paragraphs:
● Pros of Immigration in Canada:
● Present and discuss various advantages and benefits of immigration in
Canada, supported by evidence and examples.
● Cons of Immigration in Canada:
● Present and discuss various challenges and drawbacks associated with
immigration in Canada, supported by evidence and examples.
● Personal Position:
● Present and discuss your own perspective on immigration in Canada,
supported by evidence and examples.
● This is answering the question: To what extent does Canada benefit from
immigration?
● Conclusion:
● Summarize key points discussed in the essay.
● Reinforce the student's position on immigration in Canada, highlighting the
reasons for their stance.

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Performance Task Planning

Introduction:
What have you learned about immigration and why is exploring pros/cons important:
(ex. The citizenship test, the points system, different factors that influence immigration, French
language preservation, the history of immigration, Indigenous perspectives, etc.)? Only include
information that will assist you in your essay.

Thesis Statement (one sentence):

State what you will be discussing in the essay and your opinion.

Pros of immigration in Canada:

1.

○ Evidence:

2.

○ Evidence:

3.

○ Evidence:

Cons of immigration in Canada:

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 1.

○ Evidence:

2.

○ Evidence:

3.

○ Evidence:

Your Position:
What do you believe is the ultimate impact of immigration in Canada? Is it positive, negative, or
somewhere in between?

● State your position and why:

○ Evidence:

○ Evidence:

○ Evidence:

Conclusion:
Restate your thesis and summarize what you talked about in your essay.

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