Present Perfect

Tom is looking for his key. He cannot find it. He has lost the key.
‘He has lost the key’= He lost it and he still hasn’t got it.
The present perfect is used to indicate:
● An action that happened at an indefinite time in the past but the result of that
action is still prevailed.
John has travelled more than fifty countries.
● An action that began in the past and it still occurring in the present.
Jack has lived in the same house since 2013.

I/we/they/you + have (=I have/we have etc.) Finished

lost
done
He/she/it + has (=he has/it has etc.) Finished
lost
done

● He told me his name but I have forgotten it.

● The police has arrested two men in connection with the robbery.
● Jim is away on holiday. He has gone to Spain.
● ‘Don’t forget to post the letter.’ I have already posted it.
● Have you just arrived?
● I can’t find my key. Have you seen it?
EXERCISE
1.1 You are writing a letter to a friend. In the letter you give news about yourself
and other people. Use the words given to make sentences. Use the present perfect.
Dear Paul,
Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.
1. I (buy) a new car. [I have bought a new car]
2. My father (start) a new job.
3. I (give up) smoking.
4. Rony and Roma (go) to Brazil.
5. Suzane (have) a baby.

1.2 Read the situations and write sentence. Choose one of the following:

arrive break go up grow improve lose

1. Mike is looking for his key. He can’t find it. He has lost his key.
2. Margaret can’t walk and her leg is in plaster. She________
3. Maria’s English was not very good. Now it is much better. She ________
4. Tim didn’t have a beard last month. Now he has a beard. His beard _____
5. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it. The letter ______
6. Last week the bus fare was 80 cent. Now it is 90. The bus fare _______

1.3 Transform these following sentences into Present Perfect:

1. They watch a movie.
2. I am taking medicine.
3. He drinks lemonade.
4. Kim wrote a letter to his friend.
5. Another stormy week passed.