Potato (Solanum tuberosum) http://www.feedipedia.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This datasheet is pending revision and updating; its contents are currently derived from FAO's Animal Feed Resources
Information System (1991-2002) and from Bo Göhl's Tropical Feeds (1976-1982).

Common names
Pomme de terre, potato, patata

Related feed(s)
Feed categories
Other forage plants Roots, tubers and by-products Plant products and by-products

Species
Solanum tuberosum L. [Solanaceae]

Description
Herbaceous plant with underground tubers and a weak, pubescent or glabrate stem that can be 1 m high.

Distribution
Originated in the Andes, but is now cultivated all over the world except in the humid tropics.

Nutritional attributes
Surplus and cull potatoes, either raw or after cooking (the water should be discarded), are suitable for most classes of livestock. Raw
potatoes are not very palatable and have a laxative effect. They should therefore be introduced gradually. To get the most value from the
starch, the potatoes should be boiled or steamed.

Potential constraints
Potato sprouts contain an alkaloid, solanine, so it is advisable to remove the sprouts before the potatoes are fed to pigs or poultry. Frozen
or dirty potatoes should never be used as feed.
Potatoes may get stuck in the gullet, but this risk can be minimized if the potatoes are fed from low troughs or mashed.

Ruminants
Dairy cows can receive up to 15 kg of raw potato a day and beef animals up to 20 kg a day.
Potato tubers can be chopped with forage and ensiled. The heat generated during the fermentation is sufficient to cook the potatoes. The
haulm can be ensiled for feeding to cattle. If cattle are given no more than 20 kg a day, it is a good feed that will in no way impair health.

Pigs
Pigs are usually given only cooked potatoes, which are efficiently used by fattening and breeding animals, they can be fed up to 6 kg a
day. Potatoes produce a firm pork.

Poultry
Cooked potatoes can be used for poultry, to which they have been fed successfully in proportions of up to 40% of the total ration.

Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value

Potato, aerial part, ensiled Potato, aerial part, fresh Potato, leaves, dried Potato, peels, fresh Potato, tuber, raw

Avg: average or predicted value; SD: standard deviation; Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value; Nb: number of values (samples) used

IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This datasheet is pending revision and updating; its contents are currently derived from FAO's Animal Feed Resources
Information System (1991-2002) and from Bo Göhl's Tropical Feeds (1976-1982).

Potato, aerial part, ensiled

Main analysis Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Dry matter % as fed 25.0 1
Crude protein % DM 12.8 1
Crude fibre % DM 17.6 1
Ether extract % DM 10.8 1
Ash % DM 22.4 1
Gross energy MJ/kg DM 17.2 *

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Ruminant nutritive values Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

OM digestibility, Ruminant % 46.9 1
ME ruminants (FAO, 1982) MJ/kg DM 6.5 1
Nitrogen digestibility, ruminants % 37.5 1

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.
References

Woodman, 1945
Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:44:49
Potato, aerial part, fresh

Main analysis Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Dry matter % as fed 23.0 1
Crude protein % DM 10.9 1
Crude fibre % DM 27.0 1
Ether extract % DM 4.3 1
Ash % DM 13.5 1
Gross energy MJ/kg DM 17.7 *

Ruminant nutritive values Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

OM digestibility, Ruminant % 48.2 1
ME ruminants (FAO, 1982) MJ/kg DM 6.6 1
Nitrogen digestibility, ruminants % 44.0 1

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.
References

Woodman, 1945
Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:44:49
Potato, leaves, dried

Main analysis Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Dry matter % as fed 91.2 1
Crude protein % DM 17.5 1
Crude fibre % DM 39.1 1
Ether extract % DM 6.4 1
Ash % DM 10.8 1
Gross energy MJ/kg DM 19.3 *

Minerals Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Calcium g/kg DM 13.9 1
Phosphorus g/kg DM 1.4 1

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.
References

Chopra, 1970
Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:44:49
Potato, peels, fresh

Main analysis Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Dry matter % as fed 17.8 14.3 21.2 2
Crude protein % DM 13.1 9.9 16.3 2
Crude fibre % DM 3.3 1
ADF % DM 13.3 1
Ether extract % DM 0.5 1
Ash % DM 6.1 1
Gross energy MJ/kg DM 17.2 *

Minerals Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Calcium g/kg DM 0.8 1
Phosphorus g/kg DM 2.6 1

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Potassium g/kg DM 27.9 1

Sodium g/kg DM 0.3 1
Magnesium g/kg DM 1.3 1
Manganese mg/kg DM 34 1
Zinc mg/kg DM 57 1
Copper mg/kg DM 12 1
Iron mg/kg DM 258 1

Amino acids Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Isoleucine % protein 1.9 1
Leucine % protein 3.1 1
Lysine % protein 3.3 1
Threonine % protein 1.7 1
Valine % protein 2.6 1

Pig nutritive values Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Energy digestibility, growing pig % 84.9 *
DE growing pig MJ/kg DM 14.6 14.3 15.1 2*
Nitrogen digestibility, growing pig % 77.2 76.2 78.2 2

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.
References

Van Lunen et al., 1989; Woodman, 1945

Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:44:49
Potato, tuber, raw

Main analysis Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Dry matter % as fed 20.2 1.3 16.0 22.4 30
Crude protein % DM 10.8 0.7 9.3 12.3 32
Crude fibre % DM 2.5 0.4 1.8 3.3 26
NDF % DM 7.1 0.9 4.6 8.0 12
ADF % DM 3.9 0.5 2.6 4.5 12
Lignin % DM 1.3 0.4 0.4 2.2 12
Ether extract % DM 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.6 19
Ash % DM 7.0 2.2 5.0 12.5 28
Starch (polarimetry) % DM 60.2 56.2 64.2 2
Total sugars % DM 6.6 2.5 2.3 10.5 11
Gross energy MJ/kg DM 16.9 0.2 16.7 17.4 13 *

Minerals Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Calcium g/kg DM 0.7 0.4 0.3 1.0 4
Phosphorus g/kg DM 2.2 0.3 1.9 2.5 5
Potassium g/kg DM 23.6 23.0 24.1 2
Sodium g/kg DM 0.2 0.2 0.2 2
Magnesium g/kg DM 1.0 1.0 1.0 2
Manganese mg/kg DM 13 8 17 2
Zinc mg/kg DM 24 21 26 2
Copper mg/kg DM 7 6 8 2

Amino acids Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Alanine % protein 3.6 3.5 3.8 2
Arginine % protein 3.5 1.7 1.7 5.0 3
Aspartic acid % protein 16.7 16.3 17.1 2
Cystine % protein 0.9 1
Glutamic acid % protein 16.4 14.4 18.3 2
Glycine % protein 3.1 0.3 2.7 3.4 3
Histidine % protein 1.6 0.4 1.2 1.8 3
Isoleucine % protein 3.5 0.5 3.1 4.0 3
Leucine % protein 5.1 0.8 4.5 6.0 3
Lysine % protein 4.9 0.8 4.0 5.6 3
Methionine % protein 1.0 1
Phenylalanine % protein 3.8 0.5 3.4 4.4 3
Proline % protein 2.8 2.8 2.9 2
Serine % protein 3.5 3.5 3.6 2
Threonine % protein 3.8 0.6 3.2 4.4 3
Tryptophan % protein 1.5 0.9 2.0 2
Tyrosine % protein 4.2 2.2 2.1 6.6 3
Valine % protein 5.1 0.2 4.8 5.3 3

Ruminant nutritive values Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

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OM digestibility, Ruminant % 91.4 3.5 84.0 95.4 12

Energy digestibility, ruminants % 87.1 1.6 87.1 93.4 10 *
DE ruminants MJ/kg DM 14.7 *
ME ruminants MJ/kg DM 12.3 0.2 12.3 13.6 10 *
Nitrogen digestibility, ruminants % 51.0 1
Nitrogen degradability (effective, k=6%) % 94 1

Pig nutritive values Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb

Energy digestibility, growing pig % 86.1 *
DE growing pig MJ/kg DM 14.5 *
MEn growing pig MJ/kg DM 14.1 *
NE growing pig MJ/kg DM 10.9 *

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.
References

AFZ, 2011; De Boever et al., 1983; Eriksson et al., 2004; Kofranyi et al., 1964; Livingstone et al., 1979; Neumark, 1970; Ravindran et al.,
1994; Sosulki et al., 1990; Vargas et al., 1965; Wainman et al., 1984; Whittemore et al., 1973; Whittemore et al., 1975
Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:44:49

References
Chapoutot, P., 1998. Étude de la dégradation in situ des constituants pariétaux des aliments pour ruminants. Thèse Docteur en Sciences Agronomiques, Institut
National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, Paris (FRA), 1998/11/17.
Chopra, S. L., 1970. Personal communication. Punjab Agricultural Univ., Ludhiana (India). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry
De Boever, J. L. ; Cottyn, B. G. ; Aerts, J. V. ; Vanacker, J. M. ; Buysse, F. X., 1983. Chemical composition, digestibility and nutritive value of raw potatoes
(Solanum tuberosum). Revue de l'Agriculture, 2 (36): 403-413
Dornow, K. D. ; Gathen, H. von zur., 1991. Process for preserving [vegetable] peel. European Patent Application Issue: EP 0 422 569 A1 Pages: 3 pp
Edwards, S. A. ; Fairbairn, C. B. ; Capper, A. L., 1986. Liquid potato feed for finishing pigs : feeding value, inclusion rate and storage properties. Anim. Feed Sci.
Technol., 15: 129-139
El Boushy, A. R. Y. ; van der Poel, A. F. B., 2000. Handbook of poultry feed from waste: processing and use. Springer-Verlag New York, 428 p.

Hughes, B. P., 1958. The amino acid composition of potato protein and of cooked potato. Br. J. Nutr., 12: 188-195

Kofranyi, E. ; Jekat, F., 1964. Zur Bestimmung der biologischen Wertigkeit von Nahrungsproteinen. X. Vergleich der Bausteinanalysen mit dem Minimalbedarf
germischter Proteine fur den Menschen. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. physiol. Chem., 338: 159
Malik, N. S. ; Makkar, G. S. ; Ahuja, A. K., 1983. Utilization of potato waste with urea and groundnut cake for buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 53 (10): 1144-1147
Min Wang; Yuan Hu; Zhiliang Tan; Shaoxun Tang, Zhihong Sun; Xuefeng Han, 2008. In situ ruminal phosphorus degradation of selected three classes of feedstuffs in
goats. Livest. Sci. 117 (2-3): 233-237
Neumark, H., 1970. Personal communication. Volcani Institute of Agricutural Reseach, Israel
Senez, J. C. ; Raimbault, M. ; Deschamps, F, 1983. Protein enrichment of starchy substrates by solid state fermentation. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 1983, Suppl.
7, 52 61
Vargas, M. ; Urbá, R. ; Enero, R. ; Báez, H. ; Pardo, P. ; Visconti, C., 1965. Composición de alimentos chilenos de uso en ganadería y avicultura. Santiago.
Ministerio de Agricultura. Instituto de Investigación Veterinaria.
Whittemore, C. T. ; Taylor, A. G. ; Crooks, P. , 1974. The nutritive value for young pigs of cooked potato flake in comparison with maize meal. J. Agric. Sci., 83 (1):
1-5
Woodman, H. E., 1945. The composition and nutritive value of feeding stuffs. United Kingdom. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Bulletin No. 124

15 references found

Datasheet citation

DATASHEET UNDER CONSTRUCTION. DO NOT QUOTE. http://feedipedia.org/node/547 Last updated on March 16, 2010, 17:13

Image credits
Gilles Tran, AFZ Emmanuelle Bourgeat, AgroParisTech

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