Final Year Project Thesis

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“DESIGNING AN IOT-POWERED
ENERGY METER SURVEILLANCE
SYSTEM”
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree
of Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering
Submitted by
Prathmesh Thawkar
Mohit Gautam
Chirag Vinchurkar
Himanshu Nalwale
Honey Chainani
Srushti Sawarkar
Under the guidance of

Dr. Suresh Rangankar
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &

TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
ST. VINCENT PALLOTTI
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING ANDTECHNOLOGY
Wardha Road, Gavsi Manapur, Nagpur-441108
CERTIFICATE
This is to Certify that, the Mini Project report titled “Designing an IOT-Powered
Electric Meter Surveillance System” is the confide work of “Prathmesh Thawkar,
Mohit Gautam, Chirag Vinchurkar, Himanshu Nalwale, Honey Chainani, Srushti
Sawarkar” who carried out the project work under my supervision during 7th
Semester Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering.
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Dr. Suresh Rangankar Dr. Harish Rajurkar
Project Guide Head, E & TC Dept
PRINCIPAL
Academic Year 2023 – 24
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING
ST. VINCENT PALLOTTI
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Wardha Road, Gavsi Manapur, Nagpur-441108
DESIGNING AN IOT-POWERED ELECTRIC
METER SURVELLIANCE SYSTEM
CONTENTS
Chapter No. Title Page No.
I. Table of Contents i
II. List of Figures ii
III. List of Tables iii
IV. Acknowledgement iv
V. Abstract v
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 6
Chapter 2 LITERATURE SURVEY 7
Chapter 3 THEME OF THE PROJECT 9
3.1 Project Objective 10

3.2 Block Diagram 11
3.3 Flow Chart 12
Chapter 4 IMPLEMENTATION 13
4.1 Software Aspects 14
4.2 Hardware Aspects 19
Chapter 5 RESULTS 26
Chapter 6 CONCLUSION 29
6.1 Conclusion 30
6.2 Future Scope 31
Chapter 7 REFERENCES 32
ANNEXURE Annexure I: Plagiarism Report 35

Annexure II: Data Sheets 37
Annexure III: S/W Programming Details 40
Annexure IV: Paper Presented 47
Annexure V: Project Members Details 50
I
LIST OF TABLES
Sr. No. Table Name Table Page Number

No.
1. Literature Survey Table 1 8
2. ESP8266 Datasheets 2 37
3. Current Sensor Datasheet 3 37
4. GSM Module Datasheet 4 38
5. AC to DC Converter Datasheet 5 38
6. LCD Display Datasheet 6 39
7. Relay Module Datasheet 7 39
8. Project Member Details 8 50
II
LIST OF FIGURES
Sr. Figure Title Figure Page

No. Number No.
1. Block Diagram 1 11
2. Flow Chart of Electric meter Surveillance System 2 12
3. Arduino IDE Overview 3 14
4. Toolbar of Arduino IDE 4 15
5. Block Diagram of ThingSpeak Working 5 16
6. Design steps flowchart 6 17
7. Graph Analysis of Electricity usage & Theft Monitoring 7 18
8. ESP82266 Microcontroller 8 19
9. Current Sensor 9 20
10 SIM800L GSM Module 10 20
11. AC to DC Converter 11 21
12. LCD Display 12 21
13. Energy Meter 13 22
14. Battery 14 22
15. Hardware Design Setup 15 23
16. Actual Hardware Circuit 16 24
17. Hardware under Normal Condition 17 24
18. Hardware Illustrating Theft Occurred 18 25
19. Alert SMS sent to user 19 25
20. ThingSpeak Dashboard Indicating Theft Detection 20 27
21. SMS Alert 21 28
22. ANNEXURE I: Plagiarism Report 22 35
23. ANNEXURE IV: Paper Presentation 23 47
24. Reference Research Paper 24 49
III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Our final year project is titled “Designing an IOT-Powered Electric Meter

Surveillance System”. Any project requires a lot of hard work, sincerity and
systematic work methodologies. We express our deepest gratitude to our project
guide, DR. SURESH RANGANKAR, for giving us an opportunity to be a part of
this exciting project and guiding us in every step of the project.
We would also like to thank Dr. HARISH RAJURKAR Head of the department
of ETC and all our faculty members who regularly evaluated our project and pointed
out the shortcomings in the project. They also gave us the important feedback for the
further improvement of our project. We are highly indebted to them.
Prathmesh Thawkar (55)
Mohit Gautam (48)
Chirag Vinchurkar (37)
Himanshu Nalwale (42)
Honey Chainani (09)
Srushti Sawarkar (27)
IV
ABSTRACT
The world is currently facing a big problem known as the global energy crisis. It's affecting economies
and efforts to be more sustainable. To deal with this crisis, we need to monitor our energy use carefully
and stop wasting it. But one major problem making this crisis worse is power theft. This not only puts
our safety at risk but also makes it harder for economies to stay stable.
To combat this challenge, our project introduces an innovative "IOT powered electric meter
surveillance system" designed to detect and prevent energy theft efficiently. The system integrates an
ESP8266 microcontroller with Wi-Fi and GSM modules, alongside a current sensor and LCD screen
display, enabling real-time monitoring and communication.
Users can configure the system via SMS, facilitating seamless integration with mobile devices.
Additionally, a comprehensive dashboard hosted on ThingSpeak provides detailed analysis of
electricity usage, with dedicated indicators for theft detection.
In case of emergencies, the system shares alerts with configured numbers, ensuring timely response.
Real-time readings are displayed on the IoT screen, enabling proactive management. Upon detecting
energy theft, the system promptly notifies users via SMS and IoT, empowering operators to remotely
shut down the system to prevent further theft.
Our project uses smart technology and advanced surveillance to help fight the energy crisis. It helps
manage energy better and makes sure electricity is used safely and fairly.
V
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
V
Designing an IOT-Powered Electric meter surveillance system
INTRODUCTION
In today's fast-paced world, energy plays a crucial role in powering our everyday lives,
from lighting up our homes to fueling industries and transportation. However, our
increasing reliance on energy sources is straining global resources and raising
concerns about sustainability. The global energy crisis looms large, highlighting the
urgent need for better management and conservation of energy.
One of the biggest challenges contributing to this crisis is power theft. When people
steal electricity, it not only hurts our wallets but also puts a strain on the entire energy
system. This problem affects everyone, from individuals struggling to pay their bills to
entire economies facing instability.
To tackle this issue head-on, our project introduces an innovative solution called the
"IOT powered electric meter surveillance system." Think of it as a smart meter that
keeps an eye on electricity usage and helps catch anyone trying to steal it. This system
uses modern technology like sensors and internet connectivity to monitor electricity in
real-time, making it easier to detect and prevent theft.
By creating this system, we aim to make energy management simpler and more
efficient for everyone. Not only will it help save money and protect the environment
by reducing wastage, but it will also enhance safety and security by deterring theft.
Ultimately, our project seeks to contribute to a more sustainable and resilient energy
future for generations to come.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
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LITERATURE SURVEY
Sr Topic Concept Methodology Conclusion

no.
1 Smart Energy Meter An energy meter can The system described in the A smart energy monitoring
and Monitoring monitor energy text utilizes a clamp energy system utilizing Arduino,
System using IOT. consumption and inform meter and a PIR sensor to WI-FI, and an energy
users of their regular measure and monitor energy meter automatically reads
-by International usage and cost to avoid consumption. The data is and stores data in the
Journal of high bills. The IoT is transmitted to the cloud for user cloud, enabling home
Engineering used to turn household access, and a transformer is automation through a
Research & Tech (in appliances on/off and used to provide the required mobile app and reducing
monitor electricity input voltage. Overall, this manual work while
2021)
consumption, benefiting system enables remote allowing for remote
both the distributor and monitoring and control of monitoring of energy
consumer by reducing energy consumption. consumption.
total power
consumption.
2 IOT BASED POWER The project aims to The project methodology The IOT home
MONITORING develop smart involved conducting a automation system
SOCKET electrical sockets that market survey, interfacing developed in this project
can monitor and track hardware components, allows for remote
energy consumption programming the system, control of appliances
–by KLE College of
remotely, with the and developing an Android and monitoring of
Engineering & Tech.
goal of promoting application. The main energy consumption at
(in 2020 year)
energy efficiency and takeaway is that the project the socket level,
saving energy. An followed a systematic potentially leading to
android application approach to successfully more efficient energy
will also be developed develop and test the usage.
to monitor energy system.
consumption from
these sockets using
android enabled
devices. The main
objective is to
promote energy
efficiency and reduce
energy.
3 IOT BASED The project aims to The text emphasizes the A smart energy meter
PREPAID SMART increase awareness significance of accuracy, system using Arduino
METERING about high electricity precision, and reliability in UNO microcontroller
SYSTEM consumption and the power measurement has been developed,
promote energy subsystem and the voltage offering advantages
-by RCC Institute of conservation through to load sensitivity of the third over mechanical meters
Information smart energy subsystem. These by providing real-time
Technology (in 2020 metering and subsystems necessitate voltage and current
year) automated appliance precise current and voltage readings, measuring
control, while also measurements, as well as electrical quantities, and
providing a high-quality, user-friendly, enabling remote control
comprehensive and accurate voltage of appliances through a
solution for monitoring capabilities. mobile application.
energy usage and
managing appliances
Table 1: Literature Survey Table
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CHAPTER 3
THEME OF THE PROJECT
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3. THEME OF PROJECT
• The theme of the project, “DESIGNING AN IOT-POWERED ELECTRIC

METER SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM” revolves around creating an
innovative solution to monitor energy consumption while also detecting and
preventing theft.
• The project aims to combine the principles of internet of things (IOT)
technology with energy management and security.
• Energy Efficient and Monitoring – Develop a system to monitor real-time
energy consumption in households or businesses.
• User Interface and Accessibility – Develop a user-friendly interface on
ThingSpeak to monitor their energy usage in real-time implement features like
notifications or alerts to inform users about unusual energy consumption
patterns or potential theft attempts.
• Energy Conservation and security – Raise awareness about energy
conservation among users and implementing robust security protocols to
protect from cyber-attacks.
3.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES
1. Develop an IoT based electricity meter system with ESP8266

microcontroller and GSM Module for power theft detection.
2. Enable real-time SMS alert to notify users about theft in energy
consumption detected by the system.
3. Create an IoT screen to display current energy readings for easy monitoring
and analysis of usage patterns.
4. Integrate emergency response mechanisms to swiftly notify users and allow
for remote shutdown of the system in case of theft or emergencies.
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3.2 Block Diagram
Fig 1: Block Diagram
The above Block diagram illustrates the comprehensive architecture of the IoT Electricity
Meter Surveillance System, incorporating essential components for efficient electricity
consumption monitoring. Central to this system is the ESP8266 microcontroller, which
orchestrates communication with the GSM module for SMS alerts and facilitates Wi-Fi
connectivity for IoT functions. An LCD screen display offers users real-time data
visualization, presenting electricity usage readings and theft detection alerts. Meanwhile, a
current sensor monitors electricity consumption by detecting current flow and relaying data
to the microcontroller for analysis. Additionally, an AC to DC converter ensures stable
power supply, while a battery serves as a reliable backup during power outages. In
emergencies, the system promptly notifies users via SMS alerts, ensuring effective
monitoring, detection, and communication for optimized energy management.
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3.3 FLOW CHART
Fig 02: Flow Chart of Electric meter Surveillance System
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CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTATION
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4.1 SOFTWARE ASPECTS
I. Software tools Used:
1) Arduino IDE
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a freely available software tool
used for writing and uploading code to Arduino boards. It's compatible with various operating
systems like Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux, making it accessible to a wide range of users.
The IDE supports programming languages C and C++.
When working with the Arduino IDE, the code written is commonly referred to as a "sketch."
To upload this sketch to an Arduino or Genuino board, it needs to be connected to the IDE.
Sketches are saved with the file extension '.ino.'
Upon launching the Arduino IDE, users are greeted with an intuitive interface designed to
facilitate coding and uploading processes.
Fig 03: Arduino IDE Overview
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Toolbar Button
The icons displayed on the toolbar are New, Open, Save, Upload, and Verify.
It is shown below:
Fig 04: Toolbar of Arduino IDE
Upload
The Upload button compiles and runs our code written on the screen. It further uploads the code
to the connected board. Before uploading the sketch, we need to make sure that the correct
board and ports are selected.
We also need a USB connection to connect the board and the computer. Once all the above
measures are done, click on the Upload button present on the toolbar.
If the uploading is failed, it will display the message in the error window.
Open
The Open button is used to open the already created file. The selected file will be opened in the
current window.
Save
The save button is used to save the current sketch or code.
New
It is used to create a new sketch or opens a new window.
Verify
The Verify button is used to check the compilation error of the sketch or the written code.
Serial Monitor
The serial monitor button is present on the right corner of the toolbar. It opens the serial monitor.
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2) ThingSpeak
ThingSpeak is an open-source Internet of Things (IoT) platform developed by MathWorks,

designed to streamline the process of collecting, visualizing, and analyzing data from IoT
devices or sensors. This cloud-based platform offers a comprehensive suite of tools and
features tailored to meet the diverse needs of IoT applications. One of its key functionalities is
data collection, enabling users to effortlessly gather data in real-time from a multitude of IoT
devices and sensors. ThingSpeak also provides robust visualization capabilities, allowing
users to create customizable charts, graphs, and dashboards to effectively visualize their data.
Fig 05: Block Diagram of ThingSpeak Working
ThingSpeak Working Procedure
The working procedure of ThingSpeak begins with sensors collecting data, which is then
transmitted to the ESP8266 microcontroller. The microcontroller, acting as an intermediary,
sends this data over the internet to the ThingSpeak platform. Once received, ThingSpeak can
analyze and visualize the data, leveraging its built-in analytics tools and customizable
visualization features. After processing, ThingSpeak can send the analyzed data back,
allowing users to gain insights and make informed decisions based on the collected
information. This seamless exchange of data between sensors, microcontroller, and
ThingSpeak enables efficient monitoring and management of IoT devices and systems.
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II. Design Steps:
Fig 06: Design Steps flowchart
1. Identify system requirements and objectives.

2. Select appropriate hardware components, such as ESP8266 microcontroller, GSM module,
LCD screen display, current sensor, AC to DC converter, and battery.
3. Design the circuit layout and connections, ensuring compatibility and functionality.
4. Develop firmware for the ESP8266 microcontroller & Program it to handle communication
with GSM module, Wi-Fi connectivity, and data processing.
5. Integrate the current sensor to monitor electricity consumption and relay data to the
microcontroller.
6. Implement the LCD screen display & ThingSpeak dashboard for real-time data visualization,
including electricity usage readings and theft detection alerts.
7. Incorporate an AC to DC converter to ensure stable power supply to the system.
8. Integrate a battery backup system to provide uninterrupted operation during power outages.
9. Test the hardware and firmware components individually to verify functionality.
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III. Analysis-Graph:
Fig 07: Graph analysis of Electricity Usage & Theft Monitoring
The above Graph, "Theft Detection Monitoring System Graph" is created using ThingSpeak
which serves as a visual representation of the system's performance over time.
The graph is structured with dates displayed on the X-axis, providing a chronological view of
data monitoring activities. On the Y-axis, the numerical range from 0 to 1 is depicted,
symbolizing the occurrence of theft incidents.
The graph's pattern reflects the system's behavior, where a value of 0 indicates normal
operation, while a value of 1 signifies the occurrence of theft. For instance, in the graph's
observation spanning until the 15th of March, the system remained in a normal state. However,
a notable deviation occurs thereafter, indicating a shift to a value of 1, signifying the occurrence
of theft on the 4th of March. This graphical representation offers a concise and intuitive means
of analyzing system performance and identifying instances of security breaches.
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4.2 HARDWARE ASPECTS
I. Hardware Components Used:
1) ESP8266 Microcontroller
An ESP8266 Wi-Fi module is a SOC microchip mainly used for the development of end-point
IoT (Internet of things) applications. It is referred to as a standalone wireless transceiver,
available at a very low price. It is used to enable the internet connection to various
applications of embedded systems.
Fig 08: ESP8266 Micro-Controller with its Pin Configuration
ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module Specifications
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module specifications or features are given below.
• It is a powerful Wi-Fi module available in a compact size at a very low price.

• It is based on the L106 RISC 32-bit microprocessor core and runs at 80 MHz
• It requires only 3.3 Volts power supply
• The maximum Input/Output (I/O) voltage is 3.6 Volts.
• The maximum Input/Output source current is 12 mA
• The frequency of built-in low power 32-bit MCU is 80 MHz
• The size of flash memory is 513 kb.
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2) Current Sensor
A current sensor is a piece of equipment that can measure current and then change the measured
current into a voltage that can be readily measured. The quantity of voltage that is being output
is exactly proportional to the amount of current that is passing through the channel that is being
monitored.
This voltage signal is then used for control reasons, stored for further analysis in a system that
collects data, or displayed on an ammeter to display the measured current to provide feedback
to the user. All of these processes take place after the signal is collected.
A current sensor's principal function is to carry out the operation of translating current into
voltage to be used in various settings. This information can then be utilized in a variety of ways.
Fig 09: Current Sensor
3) SIM800L GSM Module
The SIM800L is a GSM module from Simcom that gives any microcontroller GSM
functionality, meaning it can connect to the mobile network to receive calls and send and
receive text messages, and also connect to the internet using GPRS, TCP, or IP. Another
advantage is that the board makes use of existing mobile frequencies, which means it can be
used anywhere in the world.
Fig 10: SIM800L GSM Module
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4) AC to DC Converter
An AC to DC converter, also known as a rectifier, is an electrical device that converts

alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It is commonly used in electronic devices and
power supplies to convert the AC voltage from mains power outlets into the DC voltage
required by electronic circuits. AC to DC converters come in various configurations, including
half-wave, full-wave, and bridge rectifiers, each with its own advantages and applications.
These converters typically consist of diodes and capacitors arranged in specific configurations
to rectify and filter the AC voltage. The output of an AC to DC converter is a smoothed DC
voltage that can be used to power electronic devices, charge batteries, or drive motors.
Fig 11: AC to DC Converter
5) LCD Display
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is a type of flat panel display which uses liquid crystals in its
primary form of operation. LEDs have a large and varying set of use cases for consumers and
businesses, as they can be commonly found in smartphones, televisions, computer monitors and
instrument panels.
Fig 12: LCD Display
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6) Energy Meter
An energy meter, also known as an electricity meter or watt-hour meter, is a device used to
measure the amount of electrical energy consumed by a household, building, or industrial
facility. It typically measures energy consumption in kilowatt-hours (kWh), which is the
standard unit for billing electricity usage. Energy meters are installed by utility companies at
the point where electricity enters a building or facility, commonly known as the service entrance
or meter socket.
Fig 13: Energy Meter
7) Battery
The lithium-ion battery with a rating of 3.7 volts and a capacity of 2000mAh is a rechargeable
power source commonly found in portable electronic devices like smartphones and tablets. Its
high energy density and lightweight design make it ideal for mobile applications. With proper
charging and usage, lithium-ion batteries can provide long-lasting performance.
Fig 14: Lithium Battery 3.7V
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II. Hardware Fabrication & Design
Fig 15: Hardware Design Set-up
Above is our hardware setup, comprising all the necessary components for our project. At its
core is the ESP8266 microcontroller, which acts as the brain of the system. We've also
included a current transformer to monitor electricity usage and an AC to DC converter to
power everything smoothly.
Additionally, there's a GSM module for communication via mobile networks, allowing
remote control. The LCD display shows real-time data and system status, making it easy to
understand. We've added a battery for backup power and included both a normal light and a
special bulb to indicate theft occurrences visually.
This setup is carefully designed to meet our project goals of monitoring energy and detecting
theft. It's straightforward and efficient, ensuring smooth operation in real-world situations.
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III. Hardware Testing

The following image depicts the Actual Hardware Circuit of the Project.
Fig 16: Actual Hardware Circuit
Now, the circuit is currently powered ON and operating under the normal conditions, with home
appliances functioning as usual.
Fig 17: Hardware Normal Condition
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Now, the Theft Switch is ON and as we can the following image illustrate that Theft Bulb is
Glowing, indicating that Power is occurred.
Fig 18: Hardware Illustrating that Theft Occurred
After the occurrence of power theft, the system promptly sends an SMS alert to notify the user
of the incident. In the following image we can see that the SMS alert has been sent to the
registered user mobile number.
Fig 19: Alert SMS sent to the user
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CHAPTER 5
RESULT
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RESULT
In the results, when the power consumption surpasses the predefined threshold of 40 kWh, as
set in the system code and continuously monitored by the current transformer integrated into
the hardware, the system identifies this as a potential instance of power theft. Upon detection,
the circuit triggers an alert, indicating the occurrence of power theft. This information is then
transmitted to the ESP8266 microcontroller, which relays the data to ThingSpeak. On the
ThingSpeak dashboard graph, the recorded value reaches 1, and a prominent red circle
signifies the occurrence of theft as shown in the following fig.
Fig 20: ThingSpeak Dashboard Indicating Theft detected
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Additionally, alongside updating the ThingSpeak dashboard, the ESP8266 microcontroller

also communicates with the GSM module to send an SMS alert to the user. This notification
serves as an immediate alert to the user, providing real-time information regarding the
detected power theft. This dual notification mechanism ensures that the user is promptly
informed of any unauthorized energy usage, as depicted in the accompanying figure.
Fig 21: SMS Alert
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CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION
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6.1 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the development and implementation of the IoT-powered electric meter

surveillance system have yielded significant insights and advancements in energy
monitoring and theft detection. Through the integration of various hardware components
such as the ESP8266 microcontroller, current transformer, GSM module, and LCD display,
alongside robust software functionalities, the system demonstrates a comprehensive
approach to addressing the challenges of energy theft and wastage.
The system's ability to accurately monitor electricity consumption and detect anomalies,
such as power theft, showcases its effectiveness in promoting energy efficiency and
security. By setting a threshold limit and continuously monitoring power usage, the system
can promptly identify instances of unauthorized energy consumption, thereby enabling
swift intervention and mitigation measures.
Furthermore, the seamless integration with IoT platforms like ThingSpeak allows for real-
time data visualization and analysis, empowering users with actionable insights into their
energy usage patterns. The inclusion of SMS alerts ensures timely notifications to users,
enabling them to respond promptly to detected anomalies and take appropriate actions.
Overall, the project demonstrates the potential of IoT technology in revolutionizing energy
management systems, offering not only enhanced monitoring capabilities but also proactive
measures to combat energy theft and promote sustainable practices. Moving forward,
further refinement and optimization of the system can pave the way for broader deployment
and adoption, contributing to a more secure and efficient energy ecosystem.
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6.2 FUTURE SCOPE
Looking ahead, our project holds promising potential for future enhancements and
expansions. One avenue for future development lies in refining the system's detection
algorithms to improve accuracy and reduce false positives in identifying instances of energy
theft. Incorporating machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques could further
enhance the system's ability to adapt and detect evolving patterns of energy misuse.
Additionally, there is scope for integrating advanced sensor technologies to enable more
granular and comprehensive monitoring of energy consumption. By incorporating
additional sensors for measuring parameters such as voltage fluctuations, power quality,
and individual appliance usage, the system can provide users with deeper insights into their
energy usage patterns and identify opportunities for further optimization.
Furthermore, expanding the system's capabilities to include predictive analytics and

proactive energy management features could significantly enhance its utility. By analyzing
historical energy consumption data and external factors such as weather patterns and
occupancy trends, the system could anticipate future energy demands and recommend
strategies for optimizing energy usage and reducing costs.
In terms of scalability, there is potential for deploying the system in larger-scale settings
such as commercial buildings, industrial facilities, and smart grid networks. Adapting the
system to accommodate higher data volumes and multiple interconnected devices would
enable more comprehensive energy management and optimization across diverse
environments.
Lastly In conclusion, the future scope of our project encompasses a wide range of
opportunities for enhancing functionality, scalability, and integration with emerging
technologies. By continuously innovating and refining our system, we can contribute to the
ongoing evolution of energy management systems and drive towards a more sustainable
and efficient energy future.
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CHAPTER 7
REFERENCE
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REFERNCES
JOURNALS & PAPERS
[1] “Power Theft Detection in Low Voltage Distribution Network”, by the IEEE explore
Conference.
[2] “Experimental Study and Design of smart Energy Meter for the smart Grid”, by the
DELNET Research Paper.
[3] Johnson, A. (2020). "Anomaly Detection Techniques for Energy Usage Monitoring."
Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 45-52.
[4] "Strategy of smart meter infrastructure implementation using LPWAN technology: pilot
project PLN Case Study," A. Wibisono and N. Badruzzaman, MATEC Web of Conferences
218, 03013, ICIEE, 2018.
[5] "Monitoring And Control of Electricity Consumption Using Raspberry Pi Through IoT,"
LPU-Laguna J. Eng. Comput. Stud., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 50-66, 2018. C.C. Medina, J. M. U.
Pamplona.
[6] Purnimaa, S. Dixit, P. Akshara, and E. David, "Decrease of power consumption utilizing
IoT," International Journal of Innovative Technology.
WEBSITES
• IEEE Xplore Digital Library: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
• IEEE Journals & Magazines: https://www.ieee.org/publications/journals/index.html
• DELNET (Developing Library Network): https://delnet.nic.in/
• IEEE IOT Journal:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6488907
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ANNEXURE
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ANNEXURE I: PLAGIARISM REPORT
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ANNEXURE II: DATASHEETS
1) ESP8266
Parameter Specification
Manufacturer Espressif Systems
Model ESP8266
Operating Voltage 3.3V
CPU Tensilica L106 32-bit
Clock Frequency 80MHz
Wi-Fi Standards 802.11 b/g/n
Wireless Protocols TCP/IP, UDP, HTTP, HTTPS, MQTT, etc.
GPIO Pins 17
Analog Input Pins 1
Flash Memory 4MB
RAM 80KB
Operating Temperature -40°C to 125°C
Table 2: ESP8266 Datasheet
2) Current Sensor
Model ACS712
Manufacturer Allegro MicroSystems
Measurement Range ±5A, ±20A, ±30A
Sensitivity 185mV/A, 100mV/A, 66mV/A
Output Signal Analog voltage
Bandwidth DC to 120kHz
Supply Voltage 5V to 5.5V
Quiescent Output Voltage VCC/2
Table 3: Current sensor Datasheet
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3)SIM800L GSM Module
Model SIM800L
Manufacturer SIMCom Wireless Solutions
Frequency Bands Quad-band: 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
SIM Interface 1.8V/3V SIM Card Interface
Antenna Interface SMA Connector
Control Interface UART TTL (3.3V)
GPRS Data Rate Max 85.6 kbps (downlink), Max 42.8 kbps (uplink)
Voice Codec Half-rate (HR), Full-rate (FR), Enhanced Full-rate (EFR), Adaptive Multi-
Rate (AMR)
Power Supply 3.4V - 4.4V (Typical: 3.8V)

Voltage
Current Consumption Idle: ~1.0mA, Sleep: ~2.5mA, Transmitting: ~200mA
Operating -40°C to 85°C

Temperature
Dimensions 24mm x 24mm x 3mm
Table 4: GSM Module Datasheet
4) AC to DC Converter
Input Voltage 100V - 240V AC
Output Voltage 5V
Output Current 1A
Efficiency >80%
Ripple Voltage <50mV
Protection Features Over-current, Over-temperature, Short-circuit protection
Table 5: AC to DC Converter Datasheet
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SVPCET, Nagpur
5) LCD Display
Model HD44780
Display Size 2 lines x 16 characters
Display Type Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Character Size 5x8 dots
Backlight LED backlight (optional)
Interface Parallel (4-bit or 8-bit)
Operating Voltage 4.5V - 5.5V
Dimensions 80mm x 36mm
Table 6: LCD Display Datasheet
6) Relay Module
Model 5V 2-Channel Relay Module
Coil Voltage 5V
Number of Channels 2
Contact Configuration SPDT (Single Pole Double Throw)
Maximum Contact Rating 10A @ 250VAC, 10A @ 30VDC
Contact Material Silver Alloy
Coil Power Consumption Approximately 70mA
Switching Time ≤10ms
Electrical Life >100,000 cycles
Mechanical Life >10,000,000 cycles
Table 7: Relay Module Datasheet
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SVPCET, Nagpur
ANNEXURE III: S/W PROGRAM DETAILS
Project Code:
#include <ESP8266HTTPClient.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);
int v=0;
int y=0;
double Vout = 0;
double Current = 0;
const double scale_factor = 0.800; // 5A
#include "EmonLib.h"
EnergyMonitor emon1;
#define vCalibration 83.3

#define currCalibration 0.50
const char* ssid = "iotmeter";
const char* password = "1234567890";
const int sensorIn = 0;

int c=0;
int s=0;
const int Sensor_Pin = A0;
unsigned int Sensitivity = 800;//670; // 185mV/A for 5A, 100 mV/A for 20A and 66mV/A
for 30A Module
float Vpp = 0; // peak-peak voltage
float Vrms = 0; // rms voltage
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SVPCET, Nagpur
float Irms = 0; // rms current

float Supply_Voltage = 233.0; // reading from DMM
float Vcc = 5.0; // ADC reference voltage // voltage at 5V pin
float power1 = 0; // power in watt
float Wh =0 ; // Energy in kWh
int t=0;
unsigned long last_time =0;
unsigned long current_time =0;
unsigned long interval = 100;
unsigned int calibration = 40;//80; // V2 slider calibrates this
unsigned int pF = 85; // Power Factor default 95
float bill_amount = 0; // 30 day cost as present energy usage incl approx PF
unsigned int energyTariff = 8.0; // Energy cost in INR per unit (kWh)
String status1="";
int x=0;String msg;
WiFiServer server(80);
// GPIO where the DS18B20 is connected to
void getCT() { // for AC
emon1.calcVI(20, 100);
yield();
float I1=emon1.Irms;
if(t==0){
power1= (Supply_Voltage * I1) * (pF / 100.0);
Serial.print("Load: ");
Serial.print(String(power1, 3));
}
if(power1>100){
power1=0;
t=1;
}
x++;
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SVPCET, Nagpur
if(x>10){
t=0;y=0;x=0;
}
Serial.print(" W");
// if(power>5){power=power+40;}
//if(power1<1.5){power1=0;}
last_time = current_time;
current_time = millis();
Wh = Wh+ power1 *(( current_time -last_time) /3600000.0) ; // calculating energy in Watt-
Hour
Serial.print("Unit: ");
Serial.print(Wh);
Serial.println(" Wh");
// power1=power1-75;
// if(power1<0.02){
// power1=0;
// }
lcd.setCursor(0,0);//2nd line
lcd.print("P:");
lcd.print(Wh);
lcd.print(" Kwh");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(" L:");
lcd.print((power1));
lcd.print(" W");
if(power1>40){
msg="Theft occuer at Meter No 40000101012";
if(y==0)
{
sms();
}
}
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SVPCET, Nagpur
}
void setup(){
emon1.current(A0, currCalibration); // Current: input pin, calibration.
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.init();
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.backlight();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("IOT METER");
pinMode(D5,OUTPUT); //RELAY
digitalWrite(D5,LOW);
pinMode(D6,INPUT_PULLUP); // locker switch
Serial.println();
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid);
WiFi.begin(ssid, password); //connect to hotspot
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
// Start the server

server.begin();
Serial.println("Server started");
// Print the IP address

Serial.print("Use this URL : ");
Serial.print("http://");
Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
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SVPCET, Nagpur
Serial.println("/");
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(WiFi.localIP());
delay(5000);
lcd.clear();
}
void loop(){
getCT();
if(Wh<0){Wh=0;}
WiFiClient client = server.available(); // Listen for incoming clients
c=c+1;
HTTPClient http;
{
{
if(c>120)
{
http.begin(client,"http://api.thingspeak.com/update?api_key=M4F3368AI2J7FPLV&field1=0
");
c=0;
int httpCode = http.GET();
if(httpCode > 0) {
// HTTP header has been send and Server response header has been handled
Serial.printf("[HTTP] GET... code: %d\n", httpCode);
// file found at server

if(httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK) {
String payload = http.getString();
Serial.println(payload);
}
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SVPCET, Nagpur
} else {
Serial.printf("[HTTP] GET... failed, error: %s\n",
http.errorToString(httpCode).c_str());
}
}
if(power1>70){
http.begin(client,"http://api.thingspeak.com/update?api_key=M4F3368AI2J7FPLV&field1=1
");
int httpCode = http.GET();
if(httpCode > 0) {
// HTTP header has been send and Server response header has been handled
Serial.printf("[HTTP] GET... code: %d\n", httpCode);
// file found at server

if(httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK) {
String payload = http.getString();
Serial.println(payload);
}
} else {
Serial.printf("[HTTP] GET... failed, error: %s\n",
http.errorToString(httpCode).c_str());
}
}
http.end();
}
}
delay(100);
}
void sms()
{
y=1;
delay(1000);
Serial.println("AT");
45
SVPCET, Nagpur
delay(500);
Serial.println("AT+CMGF=1");
delay(500);
Serial.print("AT+CMGS="); // Send the SMS number
delay(500);
Serial.print((char)34);
Serial.print("+919730075449");
Serial.println((char)34);
Serial.print(msg);
// Serial.print(" Meter Tampering at 4010022342 meter number");
Serial.println();
delay(500);
Serial.println((char)26);
delay(1000);
Serial.println();
Serial.print(" ");
delay(3000);
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SVPCET, Nagpur
ANNEXURE IV: PAPER PRESENTED
The following research paper showcases our project, which we conceptualized, developed,
and presented at ICTIA-2024.
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SVPCET, Nagpur
48
SVPCET, Nagpur
REFERENCE RESEARCH PAPER
1) IEEE Explore Paper
2) DELNET Paper
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SVPCET, Nagpur
ANNEXURE V: PROJECT MEMBER DETAILS
Sr Name Roll Sec Email Mobile Photo

No. No. No.
1. Prathmesh 55 B prathmeshthawkar786@gmail.com 8208644262

Thawkar
2. Mohit 48 B goutammohit527@gmail.com 9730075449

Gautam
Himanshu
3. Nalwale 42 B hnalwale01@gmail.com 7262094316
Chirag
4. Vinchurkar 37 B chiragvinchurkar73@gmail.com 9022976635
Srushti
5. Sawarkar 27 B sawarkarsrushti92@gmail.com 8261867830
Honey
6. Chainani 09 B honeychainani02@gmail.com 8177870410
Table 02: Project Member Details
50
SVPCET, Nagpur
ST. VINCENT PALLOTTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,NAGPUR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Course Name: Project Course Code: BEETE806P
Semester: VIII
Course (Project) Objectives
1) Develop an IoT based electricity meter system with ESP8266 microcontroller

and GSM Module for power theft detection.
2) Enable real-time SMS alert to notify users about theft in energy consumption
detected by the system.
3) Create an IoT screen to display current energy readings for easy monitoring and
analysis of usage patterns.
4) Integrate emergency response mechanisms to swiftly notify users and allow for
remote shutdown of the system in case of theft or emergencies.
Course (Project) Outcomes (COs):
To define problem statement for the project by carrying out suitable literature
BEETE806P.1
[CO1]
survey and keeping emphasis on industry based innovative application in
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering.
BEETE806P.2 To present work, ideas, and also interpret, analyze, test, integrate real life systems
[CO2] with good interpersonal relationship and leadership qualities.
BEETE806P.3 To develop a real life system using different modern computing tools and
[CO3] innovative ideas
BEETE806P.4 To understand importance of lifelong learning with an emphasis on social impact
[CO4] and concern to environmental issues.
BEETE806P.5
[CO5]
To enhance entrepreneurship skills
Mapping of COs & POs
Attainment Level:
1. Slight 2. Moderate 3.Substantial
POs PSOs
CO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2
CO1
CO2
CO3
CO4
CO5
< Note: Above Information is to be filled in discussion with the guide>
Types and Relevance of the Project and their contribution towards attainments of
Pos
Attainment Level:
1. Slight 2. Moderate 3.Substantial
Quality Type
Environment
Application
Relevance
Research
Sr. Title of the ICs

Product
Review
to S/W
Safety
Ethics
Cost
no Project used
Course/s
< Note: Above Information is to be filled in discussion with the guide>

Final Year Project Thesis

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Final Year Project Thesis

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A PROJECT REPORT ON

Under the guidance of

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &

Academic Year 2023 – 24

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION

Chapter No. Title Page No.

II. List of Figures ii

III. List of Tables iii

Chapter 2 LITERATURE SURVEY 7

Chapter 3 THEME OF THE PROJECT 9

3.1 Project Objective 10

ANNEXURE Annexure I: Plagiarism Report 35

Sr. No. Table Name Table Page Number

3. Current Sensor Datasheet 3 37

4. GSM Module Datasheet 4 38

6. LCD Display Datasheet 6 39

7. Relay Module Datasheet 7 39

8. Project Member Details 8 50

Sr. Figure Title Figure Page

Our final year project is titled “Designing an IOT-Powered Electric Meter

Prathmesh Thawkar (55)

Mohit Gautam (48)

Chirag Vinchurkar (37)

Himanshu Nalwale (42)

Honey Chainani (09)

Srushti Sawarkar (27)

Sr Topic Concept Methodology Conclusion

Table 1: Literature Survey Table

• The theme of the project, “DESIGNING AN IOT-POWERED ELECTRIC

3.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES

1. Develop an IoT based electricity meter system with ESP8266

3.2 Block Diagram

Fig 1: Block Diagram

3.3 FLOW CHART

Fig 02: Flow Chart of Electric meter Surveillance System

4.1 SOFTWARE ASPECTS

I. Software tools Used:

Fig 03: Arduino IDE Overview

Fig 04: Toolbar of Arduino IDE

The save button is used to save the current sketch or code.

It is used to create a new sketch or opens a new window.

ThingSpeak is an open-source Internet of Things (IoT) platform developed by MathWorks,

Fig 05: Block Diagram of ThingSpeak Working

ThingSpeak Working Procedure

II. Design Steps:

Fig 06: Design Steps flowchart

1. Identify system requirements and objectives.

Fig 07: Graph analysis of Electricity Usage & Theft Monitoring

4.2 HARDWARE ASPECTS

I. Hardware Components Used:

Fig 08: ESP8266 Micro-Controller with its Pin Configuration

ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module Specifications

The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module specifications or features are given below.

• It is a powerful Wi-Fi module available in a compact size at a very low price.

Fig 09: Current Sensor

3) SIM800L GSM Module

Fig 10: SIM800L GSM Module

An AC to DC converter, also known as a rectifier, is an electrical device that converts

Fig 11: AC to DC Converter

Fig 12: LCD Display

Fig 13: Energy Meter

Fig 14: Lithium Battery 3.7V

II. Hardware Fabrication & Design