BAB 2:Faktor dan Gandaan Nombor Perdana: Nombor yang boleh membahagi dirinya sendiri dan satu sahaja.

2.1 Faktor, Faktor Perdana, FSTB

Contoh 3:Senaraikan semua nombor perdana
2.1.1 Faktor: Nombor bulat yang boleh menbahagi nombpr itu dengan tepat. a. Diantara 1 hingga 20

Contoh 1: Tentukan samaada

a. 12 adalah faktor bagi 6 b. 9 adalah faktor bagi 30

b. Kurang daripada 50

c. 8 adalah faktor bagi 132 d. 13 adalah faktor bagi 156

Contoh 2: Senaraikan semua faktor bagi nombor dibawah.

a. 3 b. 4 2.1.2 Prime Factor: is a factor of the number which happen to be a prime factor.
Example 4: List the prime factor of:
a. 36 b. 42

c. 5 d. 10

c. 72 d. 55

e. 6 f. 24

e. 100 f. 112

g. 45 h. 100

2.1.3 Determine the common factors of whole numbers.

Example 5: Determine the common factor between:
a. 2 and 3
 Example 6: Determine the HCM of:
a. 18 and 24
b. 3 and 9

c. 9 and 32

b. 36 and 80

d. 7 and 12

c. 48, 72, and 90

e. 24 and 48

f. 19 , 35, 105

d. 18, 45 and 72

g. 28 and 56

2.1.4 Determine the highest Common Factor (HCF) of two or three whole numbers 2.1.5 Problem Solving.
Example 7: The Boy Scout of a school held a charity activity. A total of 252 shirts, and 180 pairs
trousers 108 pairs of socks were donated by members to orphanage. All the items were divided equally
in each pack what would the maximum number of packs that were prepared. a. What is the largest possible number of the flower bouquets that can be prepared?

Example 8: Amree intends to prepare small packets containing pens and erasers as a gives for his
friends. Amree has 20 pens and 16 erasers. What is maximum number of packets that can be prepared if b. How many stalks of red, yellow and white flowers are there in each bouquet?
the number of the items in each must be the same

Example 9: A Mathematics society has 16 female members and 8 male members. The chairman of the
society plans to divide the members into a small group which each group having the same combination
of male and female members. If the chairman intends to form the maximum number of groups, how
many male and female member are there in each group.

Example 10: Manfred has 225 stalks of red flowers, 450 stalk of yellow flowers and 750 stalks of white 2.2 Multiples, Common Multiples and Lowest Common Multiples (LCM).
flowers. He prepares bouquets of flowers containing the three type of flowers. The number of flowers 2.2.1 Common Multiples.
of each colour is the same in all in all bouquets. Example 11:List 4 multiples of:
a. 3 b. 27 c. 15

Example 12: Determine the first four common multiples of: 2.2.2 Lowest Common Multiples (LCM).
a. 2, 4 and 6 LCM-The first Common Multiple and the least number.
Example 14: Determine the lowest common multiples of:
a. 2 and 3

b. 2, 3 and 4
b. 10 and 15

c. 3, 7 and 9

c. 8, 14 and 32

d. 6, 8, 12 and 24

d. 4, 15 and 60

2.2.3 Problem solving.

Example 13: Determine whether: Example 15: A pack of paper cups contains 24 cups and a pack of paper plates contains 18 plates.
a. 32 is a common multiple 2 and 8 b. 60 is a common multiple 5, 15 and 24 Esther is planning a birthday party for her younger brother. She intends to buy same number of paper
cups and paper plates. Find the minimum number of paper cups Esther needs to buy?

Example 18: Trescia eats in restaurant ABC every 5th day and Joshua eats in the same restaurant every
8th day. If Denis eats in restaurant ABC every 6th day, after how many days will the three of them eat in
restaurant ABC at the sam time,

Example 16: A clock is set to ring every 15 minutes whereas another clock is set to ring every 25
minutes. If both ring together at 4:00 p.m., find the time at which both clocks will subsequently ring
together again.

Example 17: The lowest common multiple of n and 6 is 72. Find the value of n.