CONSUMER CHEMISTRY

QUARTER 3 – MODULE 1
(Week 1-2)

Chemistry in
Everyday Life
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the nature of Chemistry in Everyday Life. The scope of this module permits
it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Understand the key concepts of Chemistry of Cosmetics;
2. Identify the main ingredients of cosmetic products and what is their role
in the product;
3. Use understanding of chemical names on a product ingredient list to make
informed decisions in buying cosmetic products

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Active ingredients in shampoos that help remove oil and dirt off the scalp and
hair are called:
a. lipids c. surfactants
b. powders d. emulsifiers
2. Which of the following is true about cosmetics?
a. used as beautifying agent
b. help in enhancing appearance
c. help in treating skin infection
d. all of these
3. Ointments are mixtures that contain petroleum jelly, wax or oil, and are used in
salons as:
a. pomades c. styling wax
b. hair pastes d. all of these
4. All of the following are basic ingredients of cosmetics except _________
a. color c. emulsifier
b. flavor d. preservative
5. Substances that soften skin, and are used in cosmetics are:
a. water c. emulsifier
b. emollients d. softener

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6. It is known as “synthetic pearl” and is used to provide shimmering effects in
some cosmetic products.
a. Bismuth chloride c. Bismuth oxychloride
b. Bismuth dichloride d. Bismuth hypochloride
7. Which of the following is categorized as a cosmetic product?
a. deodorant c. baby powder
b. eye make-up d. all of these
8. The red color use in red lipstick and is listed as carmine in the ingredient list is
extracted from which of the following insects?
a. red ants c. cochineal
b. lady bug d. lilioceros
9. Which of the following is a natural color used in cosmetic products that comes
from plants?
a. iron oxide c. coal tar
b. beet powder d. mica flakes
10. Cosmetic manufacturers do not list fragrance as one of the ingredients because
it is considered as __________
a. regulated c. trade secret
b. restricted d. secret ingredient

11. Naturally occurring material used by the ancients for ceremonial lip tints and
rouge preparations.
a. henna c. red ochre
b. annato d. frankincense
12. Which of the following is a naturally derived thickener used in cosmetics?
a. Gelatin c. cetyl palmitate
b. Carbomer d. all of these
13.Eye paints used by the ancients that consisted primarily of a copper-based
green ore
a. azurite c. malachite
b. galena d. crushed charcoal

14. Early skin ointments was prepared by combining animal fat with fragrant
substances like:
a. kohl c. galena
b. myrrh d. azurite

15. Glycerin prevents cosmetic product from drying out; glycerin in cosmetics is:
a. emulsifier c. moisturizer
b. humectant d. preservative

3
 Lesson

1 Cosmetics

Cosmetics are consumer products that we use every day; when one hears
the word cosmetics, one instantly thinks of a woman applying, blush, mascara,
lipstick, etc. But cosmetics can be so much more. In this module, you will explore
more about cosmetics; the science behind cosmetic products.

https://www.watsons.com.ph/
https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/beauty/beauty-industry-remakes-product-pitches-in-
the-age-of-coronavirus

What’s In

Cosmetic comes from the Greek word, kosmetikos- kosmos, order of arrangement;
kosmein which means to 'adorn' (addition of something decorative to a person or a
thing). It may be defined as a substance which comes in contact with various parts
of the human body like skin, hair, nail, lips, teeth, and mucous membranes etc.
Cosmetics are generally mixtures of chemical compounds, some derived from
natural sources and many being synthetics.
The appearance of skin care formulation dates to around 3000 B.C.E. in ancient
Egypt. Most concoctions were prepared from natural materials. Cleopatra is said to
have bathed in donkeys' milk to keep her skin smooth and supple. One naturally
occurring material used by the ancients was red ochre, or iron oxide. Lumps of red
ore were formed when iron oxidized or rusted. The red iron oxide was found in
burial tombs in ceremonial lip tints and rouge preparations. It was also used to
draw the ancient cave pictures of animals, and is still used in many makeup
formulations today. Eye paints have also been found at ancient gravesites. These
paints consisted primarily of a copper-based green ore called malachite that was
mined from nearby quarries. Animal fat was combined with fragrant substances
such as frankincense and myrrh to produce early skin ointments. More
sophisticated creams and lotions were fine-tuned through trial and error and
passed down over many generations.
Today, cosmetics are considered as essential components in life. They not
only, attract the people towards it but also impart psychological effects. It has

4
gained popularity in the last 3-4 decades and its use has been increased
exponentially both-in males and females.

What’s New

Cosmetics: uses and classification

Cosmetics include skin-care creams, lotions, powder, perfume, lipsticks,
fingernail and toe nail polish, eye and facial makeup, permanent waves, colored
contact lens, hair colors, hair sprays and gels, hand sanitizer, baby products, bath
oils, deodorants, and many other types of products. A subset of cosmetics is called
"make-up," which refers primarily to coloring products intended to alter
the appearance.
Uses
Cosmetics are intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying,
promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's
structure or functions.
1. Used as cleansing, moisturizing and beautifying agent
2. help in enhancing attractiveness of the body
3. help in altering the appearance of the body without affecting its functions
4. Sunscreen products help in protecting the body from UV rays and treating
sunburns
5. Acne, wrinkles, dark circles under eyes and other skin imperfections are treated
and repaired by treatment products
6. Cosmetics help in treating skin infection
Classification
Cosmetics are broadly categorized into four types:
1. Skin Cosmetics
2. Hair Cosmetics
3. Nail Cosmetics
4. Cosmetics for hygiene purposes

What is It

What exactly are we applying on our skin?

If you look at the list of ingredients in cosmetic products, there is a long list
of unfamiliar substances, usually chemical names. While the formula of each
product differs slightly, most cosmetics contain a combination of at least some of
the following core ingredients: water, emulsifier, preservative, thickener, emollient,
color, fragrance and pH stabilizers.

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Water
Water forms the basis of almost every type of cosmetic product, including
creams, lotion, make-up, deodorants, shampoos and conditioners. Water plays an
important role in the process, often acting as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients
and forming emulsions for consistency. Water used in the formulation of cosmetics
is not your everyday regular tap water, it must be “ultra-pure” - that is, free from
microbes, toxins and other pollutants. It is usually listed as aqua in ingredients on
labels.
Emulsifiers
The term emulsifier refers to any ingredient that help to keep unlike
substances (such as oil and water) from separating. Many cosmetic products are
based on emulsions
(http://www.emulsifiers.org/ViewDocument.asp?Itemld=11&Title=What)- small
droplets of oil dispersed in water or small droplets of water dispersed in oil. Since
oil and water do not mix no matter how much you shake, blend or stir, emulsifiers
are added to change the surface tension between the water and oil, producing a
homogenous and well-mixed product with an even texture. Examples of emulsifiers
used in cosmetics include polysorbates, laureth-4 and potassium cetyl sulfate.
Emulsions are used in creams and lotions to give then an even texture.
Preservatives
Preservatives are important ingredients. They are added to cosmetics to
extend their shelf life and prevent the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria
and fungi, which can spoil the product and possibly harm the user. Since most
microbes lives in water, the preservatives used need to be water-soluble.
Preservatives used in cosmetics can be natural or synthetic (man-made), and
perform differently depending on the formulation of the product. Some require low
levels around 0.01%, while others will require levels as high as 6%.
Some of the more popular preservatives include parabens, benzyl alcohol, salicylic
acid, formaldehyde and tetrasodium EDTA (ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid)
Thickeners

Thickening agents work to give products an appealing consistency. They can

come from four different chemical families:
Lipid thickeners are usually solid at room temperature but can be liquefied
and added to cosmetic emulsions. They work by imparting their natural thickness
to the formula. Examples include cetyl alcohol, stearic acid and carnauba wax.
Naturally derived thickeners come, as the name suggests, from nature.
They are polymers that absorb water, causing them to swell up and increase the
viscosity of a product. Examples include hydroxyethyl cellulose, guar gum, xanthan
gum and gelatin. Cosmetics with a consistency that is too thick can be diluted with
solvents such as water or alcohol.
Mineral thickeners are also natural, and as with the naturally derived
thickeners mentioned above, they absorb water and oils to increase viscosity, but
give a different result to the final emulsion than the gums. Popular mineral
thickeners include magnesium aluminium silicate, silica and bentonite.
The final group are the synthetic thickeners. They are often used in lotion
and cream products. The most common synthetic thickener is carbomer, an acrylic

6
acid polymer that is water-swellable and can be used to form clear gels. Other
examples include cetyl palmitate, and ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate.

Emollient
Emollients soften the skin by preventing water loss. They are used in a wide
range of lipsticks, lotions and cosmetics. A number of different natural and
synthetic chemicals work as emollients, including beeswax, olive oil, coconut oil
and lanolin, as well as petrolatum (petroleum jelly), mineral oil, glycerine, zinc
oxide, butyl stearate and diglycol laurate. Emollients help to prevent water loss.

Colouring agents/pigments
Red lips, smoky eyes and rosy cheeks; it is the purpose of many cosmetics to
accentuate or alter a person’s natural colouring. A huge range of substances are
used to provide the rainbow of appealing colours you find in the makeup stand.
Mineral ingredients can include iron oxide, mica flakes, manganese, chromium
oxide and coal tar. Natural colours can come from plants, such as beet powder, or
from animals, like the cochineal insect. The latter is often used in red lipsticks and
referred to on your ingredient list as carmine, cochineal extract or natural red 4.
Pigments can be split into two main categories: organic, which are carbon-based
molecules (i.e., organic in the chemistry context, not to be confused with the use of
the word to promote ‘natural’ or ‘non-synthetic’ or ‘chemical-free’ products) and
inorganic which are generally metal oxides (metal + oxygen and often some other
elements too). Inorganic should not be confused with ‘synthetic’ or ‘unnatural’ as
most of the inorganic metal oxide pigments do occur naturally as mineral
compounds.
The two most common organic pigments are lakes and toners. The lake pigments
are made by combining a dye colour with an insoluble substance like alumina
hydrate. This causes the dye to become insoluble in water, making it suitable for
cosmetics where water-resistant or waterproof properties are desired.
A toner pigment is an organic pigment that has not been combined with any other
substance.
The inorganic metal oxide pigments are usually duller than the organic pigments,
but are more resistant to heat and light, providing a longer-lasting colour.

Glimmer and shine

Shimmering effects can be created via a range of materials. Some of the most
common ones are mica and bismuth oxychloride.
Cosmetic mica typically comes from muscovite (KAl2(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2) also
known as white mica. It naturally forms in flaky sheets and these are crushed up
into fine powders. The tiny particles in the powders refract (bend) light, which
creates the shimmering effect common in many cosmetics. Mica coated with
titanium dioxide gives a whitish appearance when looked at straight on, but then
produces a range of iridescent colours when viewed from an angle.
Bismuth oxychloride (BiClO) is used to create a silver-grey pearly effect. This
compound occurs naturally in the rare mineral bismoclite, but is usually produced
synthetically and so is also known as synthetic pearl.
The size of the particles used to create pearly and shimmering looks affect the
degree of glimmer the product has. The smaller the particle size (15–60 microns,
where one micron is one millionth of a meter), the less lustrous the powder will be,
and more coverage it gives. Larger particle sizes, up to 500 microns, give a more
glittery lustre and are more transparent.
Fragrances

7
 No matter how effective a cosmetic may be, no one will want to use it if it
smells unpleasant. Consumer research indicates that smell is one of the key factors
in a consumer’s decision to purchase and/or use a product.
Fragrances are not just used in perfumes; they are also in creams, lotions to
give appealing smell. Chemicals, both natural and synthetic, are added to
cosmetics to provide an appealing fragrance. Even ‘unscented’ products may
contain masking fragrances to mask the smell of other chemicals.
The term ‘fragrance’ is often a generic term used by manufacturers. A single
listing of fragrance on your product’s ingredient list could represent dozens or even
hundreds of unlisted chemical compounds which were used to create the final
individual fragrance.

Manufacturers do not have to list these individual ingredients as fragrance is

considered to be a trade secret.
There are over 3,000 chemicals used to formulate the huge range of
fragrances used in consumer products worldwide. A comprehensive list has been
published by the fragrance industry. All the ingredients on this list have passed the
International Fragrance Association (IFRA) safety standards for use in commercial
products. However, without knowing which individual ingredients went in to
making up the fragrance of a product, consumers can find it difficult to make
informed choices. If consumers are concerned, they should look for fragrance free
products and buy from companies that label their products more comprehensively.

Creams
Creams are semi-solid emulsions which contain mixtures of oil and water.
Their consistency varies between liquids and solids. Salve (medical ointment for
soothing purpose) and unguent (soothing products) preparations in earlier days led
to the development of cleansing and cold creams. With the help of additives such as
emulsifying agents and newer techniques, the preparation of creams has become
easy.
Creams are classified according to their functions.
1. Cleansing and Cold Creams.
2. Foundation and Vanishing Creams.
3. Night and Message Creams.
4. Hand and Body Creams.
5. All-purpose Creams is Cleansing and Cold Creams

https://www.spot.ph/shopping/beauty-skincare/69672/10-skin-savers-for-banishing-dark-
spots-a1503-20170327-lfrm

Powders

http://ecowastecoalition.blogspot.com/2018/02/some-talcum-powder-products-lack.html

Powders are considered as one of the important products of skin care

preparations. They are used widely by both men and women for face and body care.
Various types of powders are body powder, face powders, compacts medicated
powders (which are used for prickly heat purposes and preventing microbial growth
on the surface of the skin), deodorant powders and foot powders for treatment

8
purposes). Powders have different physical properties when compared to the liquid
preparations. They have very fine particle size, which helps in producing large
surface area per unit weight. This helps in proper dispersion of powder, which
covers the large surface area of the body.
Deodorants

https://kemi.taenk.dk/bliv-groennere/test-chemicals-deodorants

Deodorants are mostly alcohol-based, and consist of compounds like sodium

stearate, stearyl alcohol, and sodium chloride. These ingredients make the target
bacterial region too acidic or salty to sustain fermentation by bacteria. Other
antimicrobial ingredients like triclosan and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
impede bacterial growth in the underarm region. In addition to these ingredients
are other chemicals that vary from brand to brand. Humectants like propylene
glycol and glycerin prevent the product from drying out, additives for pH control
like triethanolamine and diethanolamine control pH levels, preservatives like
sodium benzoate and parabens extend the shelf life of the product, and scent-
specific chemicals cover unpleasant smells and counteract one’s body odor.
Furthermore, deodorants also contain cyclomethicone, also known as
2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8,10,10-decamethyl-1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6,8,10-pentaoxapentasilecane or
C10H30O5Si5. Cyclomethicone is an odorless and colorless silicone compound that is
used in a diverse array of personal care products like deodorants. Unlike aluminum
compounds, cyclomethicone is too large to pass through the initial layer of skin, so
there is no risk of absorption.
https://thestudentscientist.org/2018/06/03/the-chemistry-of-deodorants/

Perfumes

Perfumes used in cosmetics are complex mixtures of hundreds of ingredients

(fragrances and other components), which together give the product its unique
scent. They are used in practically all cosmetics, not only in perfumes (also named
fine fragrances) but also in other perfumed cosmetic products such as: general
toilet products (bath gels, soaps, deodorants, etc.), skin care products (face and
body care products), sunscreens and related products (sun products, bronzing
products, whitening products), hair care and related products (shampoos,
conditioners, hairsprays, shaving creams, etc.) or decorative cosmetics (make-up
products, tinted based products, etc.).
Fine fragrances are hydroethanolic solutions prepared from aromatic
chemicals and essential oils with the main function of perfuming us, providing a
pleasing or attractive scent. Fine fragrances are named differently according to the
perfume content Extract, Parfum, Eau de Parfum, Eau de Toilette, Eau Fraiche,
Eau de Cologne, Cologne, Baby Cologne . This last one has a special formulation,

9
with a very low content of perfume and some moisturizing ingredients added to give
softness to baby skin. Other cosmetics, such as aftershave lotions also contain a
high content of perfumes, in the range of 0.5%–2%.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/perfume

What’s More

Activity 1. What’s in Cosmetics?

LOOP A WORD

Directions: Search for 15 words related to Cosmetics (15 points)

Words can share letters as they cross over each other.
Use Answer Sheet provided (See last pages)

BEESWAX CARMINE

COCHINEAL EMULSIFIER

EMULSIONS EMOLLIENT

FRAGRANCE SHINE

GLIMMER GLYCERIN

PARABENS PIGMENT

THICKENERS WATER

PRESERVATIVES

Are harmful ingredients allowed in cosmetics?

It’s against the law for a cosmetic to contain any ingredient that makes the product
harmful when consumers use it according to directions on the label, or in the
customary or expected way. This is true whether or not there is a regulation that
specifically prohibits or restricts the use of the ingredient in cosmetics.
The one exception is for coal-tar hair dyes, which the law treats differently.
Under the law, FDA cannot take action against a coal-tar hair dye for safety

10
reasons as long as it has a special warning statement on the label and directions
for a skin test. The caution statement reads as follows:
Caution - This product contains ingredients which may cause skin irritation on
certain individuals and a preliminary test according to accompanying directions
should first be made. This product must not be used for dyeing the eyelashes or
eyebrows; to do may cause blindness.
It’s also important to understand that some cosmetics that are safe when
people use them correctly may be unsafe when used the wrong way. Cosmetics
must have any directions for use or warning statements needed to make sure
people use the products safely. For example, some ingredients may be safe in
products such as cleansers that we wash off the skin immediately, but not in
products that we leave on the skin for hours. Similarly, ingredients that are safe for
use on the hair or nails may be unsafe when used on the skin or near the eyes.
Under U.S. law, cosmetic products and ingredients, other than color additives, do
not need FDA approval before they go on the market. Cosmetic manufacturers have
a legal responsibility for the safety and labeling of their products. FDA can and
does take action against cosmetics on the market that do not comply with the law.
https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetics-laws-regulations/prohibited-restricted-
ingredients-cosmetics

What I Have Learned

Directions: Summarize what you have learned from the lesson by completing
the sentences using words given from the box below. Use a separate paper
for your answers.

artificial doses chemicals emulsifiers

external fragrances moisturizers health
unsafe protect

Cosmetics are products designed to cleanse, ___________ and change the

appearance of ___________ parts of our bodies. The key ingredients present in most
cosmetics include water, __________, preservatives, thickeners, ______________
colours and ____________.
Ingredients can be naturally occurring or __________ but any potential
impact on our _________ depends mainly on the chemical compounds they are
made of.
Some cosmetics that are safe when people use them correctly may be
____________ when used the wrong way.
The __________ of potentially dangerous _____________ found in cosmetics are
considered too small to pose a risk to human health.

11
 What I Can Do

Activity 2. Analysis of a Cosmetic Cream

Directions: Determine the ingredients listed on the label of a cosmetic cream you
are using at home. For example, a daily cream “Intensive Care” that promises to
moisturize and provide nutrients to the skin. Remove the label and paste it on your
answer sheet. Write your answers in Table 1. Use separate sheet for your answers.

1. Classify the ingredients listed on the label according to their function:

- oils and fats; emulsifiers; waxes;humectants;preservatives; antioxidants;
- special agents (nutritive, exfoliative, bleaching, anti-inflammatory, anti-
wrinkle, etc. ingredients);odours (essential oils).

For example:

Ingredients: Aqua, paraffinum liquidum, PEG-6, sweet

almond oil, cetyl alcohol, glycine, glycerine, citric acid,
calcium chloride, vitamin A, vitamin E, linalool, propyl
parabene

Cruelty free product.

NOTE!
You may use internet sources to find the formula of the substances. Information about the function
of different ingredients can also be found at http://www.makingcosmetics.com/.
The first one is done for you using the example shown. You may add rows as necessary

Table 1. Analysis of a Cosmetic Cream

Classification
Ingredient according to Structural Formula Natural/Synthetic
function (if possible)
(emulsifier,
fragrance, etc.)

Paraben Preservative Synthetic

Based on the analysis, would you suggest this product to your friends? Why/why
not

12
 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. An acrylic acid polymer that is water-soluble and can be used to form clear
gels:
a. Silica c. carbomer
b. gelatin d. guar gum
2. Which of the following is true about preservatives used in cosmetics?
a. are all natural
b. are all synthetic
c. need to be water soluble
d. need to be viscous
3. An ingredient that keeps oil and water from separating.
a. Emulsion c. emulsifier
b. Emollient d. thickener
4. Which of the following is a lipid thickener that is added to cosmetic
emulsions?
a. silica c. xanthan gum
b. bentonite d. carnauba wax
5. Which of the following is a preservative used in cosmetics?
a. formaldehyde c. cetyl palmitate
b. cetyl alcohol d. aluminum silicate
6. Semi-solid emulsions which contain mixture of oil and water.
a. lotion c. deodorant
b. creams d. powder
7. An ingredient in cosmetics listed as aqua.
a. water c. solvent
b. color d. emollient
8. Which of the following is a mineral thickener?
a. bentonite c. cetyl palmitate
b. carnauba wax d. stearic acid
9. Used in deodorants that prevents bacterial growth in the underarm area.
a. glycerin c. paraben
b. triclosan d. zinc oxide
10. Which of the following is a humectant that prevents deodorant from drying
out?
a. triclosan c. sodium stearate
b. triethanolamine d. propylene glycol
11. The color in red lipsticks listed as carmine is derived from a/an:
a. plant c. animal
b. insect d. mineral
12. Thickeners that absorb water and oils to increase viscosity of product.
a. lipid thickener c. protein thickener
b. mineral thickener d. synthetic thickener

13
 For numbers 13-15, refer to the following product label:

13. It can be seen on the label that the product is:

a. unscented
b. has fragrance added
c. contains masking fragrance
d. all of these
14. The label indicates that the product contains parabens; this means that the
product contains:
a. emollients c. coloring
b. moisturizers d. preservatives
15. What is the ingredient that indicates that it contains emollients?
a. water c. propyl paraben
b. beeswax d. disodium EDTA

Additional Activities

Perfume tinctures - making flowers into perfumes

Making perfume tinctures using flowers, plant resins, spices, herbs, fruits, woods,
etc. is a great way to extract beautiful fragrances from natural materials. They can
be used to make homemade perfumes.
Try making a perfume tincture at home using the following steps:
1. Pick flowers early in the morning when the oils are at their peak. Blooms
that are jus beginning to open contain the most fragrance. Avoid flowers that
are in full bloom, as their scent has begun to fade.
2. Remove the petals from the flower and place in a zippered food storage bag.
Seal the bag, then tap it lightly with a wooden mallet to bruise the petals
and release the fragrance oils
3. Place the petals in a glass jar and cover with oil. Olive oil is an inexpensive
oil that works well as a carrier oil. Sweet almond oil is a bit more expensive,
but adds a pleasing, distinctive fragrance of its own. Shake the jar to
distribute the oil.

14
 4. Set the container on a sunny windowsill and allow the flower petals to soak
in the oil for 24 hours. Shake gently and strain through a double layer of
cheesecloth. Discard the old petals.

5. Prepare new petals, following steps 1 and 2, and cover with the oil you've
already used. Allow the petals to steep for 24 hours. Repeat the process,
using the same oil, for 3 days or until the fragrance reaches the desired
strength.
6. Store your fragrant oil in a glass bottle in a cool dry place. Use in potpourri
or crafts, or wear as a perfume.

Source: https://www.hunker.com/13410895/how-to-extract-essential-oils-
scents-from-flowers

References
Caret, R.L.,et.al. 1997.Principles and Applications of Inorganic, Organic, &
Biological Chemistry. McGraw-Hill: USA

Di Giuseppe, M. et.al.2006. Science Perspectives. Thompson Learning Asia.

Singapore

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325023106_Textbook_of_Cosmetic_For
mulations

https://www.science.org.au/curious/people-medicine/chemistry-cosmetics

https://www.canstockphoto.com/images-photos/cosmetics.html
https://www.watsons.com.ph/
https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/beauty/beauty-industry-remakes-
product-pitches-in-the-age-of-coronavirus

https://www.spot.ph/shopping/beauty-skincare/69672/10-skin-savers-for-
banishing-dark-spots-a1503-20170327-lfrm

https://thestudentscientist.org/2018/06/03/thechemistryofdeodorants/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/perfume

https://www.hunker.com/13410895/how-to-extract-essential-oils-
scents-from-flowers

15
 16
What's More
What I Activity 1. What’s in Cosmetics?
Know
15.b
1. c 14.d
2. d 13.b
3. d 12.b
4. b 11.b
5. b 10.d
6. c 9. b
7. d 8. a
8. c 7. a
9. b 6. b
10.c 5. a
11.c 4. d
12.a 3. c
13.c 2. c
14.b 1. c
15.b
ment
Assess
What I have Learned
protect, external, emulsifiers, moisturizers,
fragrances, artificial, health, unsafe, doses,
chemicals
What I Can Do
Answers vary depending on the cream/product
analyzed
Answer Key
 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
MODULE 1: CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE
(WEEK 1-2)

NAME _______________________________________ DATE ________________________

GRADE & SECTION __________________________ SCORE ______________________

Part I.
A. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is
incorrect; and underline the word/s that made it incorrect.
______ 1. Water used as ingredient in cosmetics must be “ultra-pure”.
______ 2. Propylene glycol and glycerin are used as humectants in cosmetics.
______ 3. Potassium cetyl sulfite is an example of emulsifier used as an ingredient
in cosmetic products.
______ 4. Emollients are added in cosmetic products to change the surface tension
in between water and oil, producing a homogenous product.
______ 5. Lake pigments are made by combining a dye color with insoluble
substances like alumina hydrate.
______ 6. Unscented products do not contain fragrance.
______ 7. Carmine, a coloring pigment extracted from cochineal insects is also listed
as natural red 5
______ 8. Preservatives in cosmetics need to be water soluble.
______ 9. Inorganic metal oxide pigments are usually duller than the organic
pigments.
_____ 10. Common substances used to provide shimmering effects in cosmetics
include mica and bismuth chloride

B. Determine whether the substance given is Natural or Synthetic. Write your

answers in the column provided.

Substance Natural/Synthetic Substance Natural/Synthetic

1. beeswax 6. beet powder
2.mica flakes 7.lanolin
3.carbomer 8.paraben
4.carmine 9.cetyl palmitate
5.bismuth 10.hydroxyethyl
oxychloride cellulose

C. Complete the following table by filling in the function of each substance

given in the designated column

Substance Function Substance Function

1. silica 6. zinc oxide
2.mica 7.formldehyde
3.glycerin 8.beet powder
4.lanolin 9.cetyl alcohol
5.cetyl palmitate 10. salicylic acid

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 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
MODULE 1: CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE
(WEEK 1-2)

NAME _______________________________________ DATE ________________________

GRADE & SECTION __________________________ SCORE ______________________
Part II.
Activity 1. Analysis of a Baby Powder
Directions: Determine the ingredients listed on the label of a baby powder you are
using at home. Remove the label, if possible, and paste it on your answer sheet.
Write your answers in Table 1. Use this sheet for your answers.
Classify the ingredients listed on the label according to their function:
- oils and fats; emulsifiers; waxes;humectants;preservatives; antioxidants;
- special agents (nutritive, exfoliative, bleaching, anti-inflammatory, anti-
wrinkle, etc. ingredients);odours (essential oils).

Table 1. Analysis of __________________ ( brand name of product)

Classification
Ingredient according to Structural Formula Natural/Synthetic
function (if possible)
(emulsifier,
fragrance, etc.)

Based on the analysis, would you suggest this product to your friends? Why/why
not

paste the label here

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