Worksheet 11 Memo – Patterns, Sequences and Series

Quadratic Patterns

1. Given the pattern: 62; 68; 72; 74; 74…

a)
62 68 72 74 74 72 68 62
6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6
-2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2

∴ next three terms are 72, 68 and 62

b) + + = 62 OR = + −1 +

3 + =6 ∴ = 62 + −1 6+
2 = −2 ∴ = 62 + 6 − 6 − + 3 − 2
∴ = −1 ∴ = − + 9 + 54
3 −1 + = 6
∴ =9
−1 + 9 + = 62
∴ = 54 ∴ = − + 9 + 54

c) = − 25 + 9 25 + 54
∴ = −346

d) 2 = − + 9 + 54
∴ 0 = − + 9 + 52
∴0= − 9 − 52
∴0= +4 − 13
≠ −4 !" = 13
2. Given the pattern: 59; 68; 82; 101…

a)
59 68 82 101 125 154 188
9 14 19 24 29 34
5 5 5 5 5
∴ the next three terms are 125, 154 and 188.

b) + + = 59 OR = + −1 +

3 + =9 ∴ = 59 + −1 9 +
2 =5 ∴ = 59 + 9 − 9 + −7 +5
∴ = !" 2 ∴ = + + 55
3 $2 % + =9
∴ = !" 1
2 + 1 + = 59
∴ = 55 ∴ = + + 55

c) 640 = + + 55
∴ 1280 = 5 + 3 + 110
∴ 0 = 5 + 3 − 1170
∴ 0 = 5 + 78 − 15
'(
∴ ≠ − or = 15

d) ) =2 10 +1 10 + 55
∴ ) = 320

3. Given the pattern: 6; 12; 21; 33; 48…

a)
6 12 21 33 48 66 87 111
6 9 12 15 18 21 24
3 3 3 3 3 3
 b) + + =6 OR = + −1 +

3 + =6 ∴ =6+ −1 6 +
2 =3 ∴ =6+6 −6+ −4 +3
∴ = !" 1 ∴ = +1 +3
3 $1 % + =6
∴ = 1 !"
1 +1 + =6
∴ =3 ∴ =1 +1 +3

, ,
*+
c) = OR = 3$ + + 1%
∴= ÷3+ ÷3+3÷3
∴= + +1
∴ every term is perfectly divisible by 3 because the general term is
perfectly divisible by 3.

d) . =1 19 +1 19 + 3
∴ . = 573

e) 201 = 1 +1 +3
∴ 402 = 3 + 3 + 6
∴ 0 = 3 + 3 − 396
∴0= + − 132
∴0= + 12 − 11
∴ ≠ −12 !" = 11

4. Given the sequence: a; 21; 29; b; 36….

a)
a 21 29 b 36
21 – a 8 b – 29 36 – b
-13 + a b – 37 65 – 2b
 ∴ − 37 = 65 − 2
∴ 3 = 102
∴ = 34

∴ −13 + = − 37
∴ = 34 − 37 + 13
∴ = 10

b) 10 21 29 34 36
11 8 5 2
-3 -3 -3

+ + = 10 OR = + −1 +

3 + = 11 ∴ = 10 + − 1 11 +
.
2 = −3 ∴ = 10 + 11 − 11 − + −3
∴ = − !" − 1 ∴ = − + 15 −4
3 $− % + = 11
∴ = 15
− + 15 + = 10
∴ = −4

c) ' =− 17 + 15 17 − 4
∴ ' = −174

d) 1= − + 15 −4
∴ 2 = −3 + 31 − 8
∴ 0 = −3 + 31 − 10
∴ 0 = 3 − 31 + 10
∴0= 3 −1 − 10
∴ ≠ !" = 10
5. Given the sequence: a; -2; b; -2; 4….

a)
a -2 b -2 4
-2 – a b+2 -2 – b 6
b +2 +2 +a -2 – b –b – 2 6+2+b

∴ 8 + = −4 − 2
∴ 12 = −3
∴ = −4

∴ + 2 + 2 + = −4 − 2
∴ + 4 + = −4 − 2
∴ = −4 − 2 −4 − −4 − 4
∴ =4

b) 4 -2 -4 -2 4
-6 -2 2 6
4 4 4

+ + =4 OR = + −1 +
/
3 + = −6 ∴ =4+ − 1 −6 +
2 =4 ∴ =4−6 +6+2 −6 +4
∴ =2 ∴ = 2 − 12 + 14
3 2 + = −6
∴ = −12
2 − 12 + = 4
∴ = 14 =2 − 12 + 14

c) 68 = 2 − 12 + 14
∴ 0 = 2 − 12 − 54
∴0= − 6 − 27
∴0= +3 −9
∴ ≠ −3 !" = 9
d) 320 = 2 2 + 1 − 12 2 + 1 + 14 + 2 2 + 3 − 12 2 + 3 + 14
320 = 2 4 + 4 + 1 − 24 − 12 + 14 + 2 4 + 12 + 9 − 24 − 36 + 14
∴ 320 = 8 + 8 + 2 − 48 − 20 + 8 + 24 + 18
∴ 0 = 16 − 16 − 320
∴0= − − 20
∴0= −5 +4 ∴ = 5 !" ≠ −4
∴ the 1 odd term is = 2 5 + 1 = 11
st

The 2nd odd term is = 2 5 + 3 = 13

∴ The 11th and 13th terms added together will give you 320.

6. a) 2 3 5 8
1 2 3
1 1

+ + =2 OR = + −1 +

3 + =1 ∴ =2+ −1 1 +
2 =1 ∴ =2+ −1+ − +1
∴ = ∴ = − +2
3$ % + =1
∴ = −
− + =2
∴ =2 ∴ = − +2

b)
2 3 5 8 12 17 23
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 1 1

∴ 1 + 2 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 5 + 1 + 8 + 1 + 12 + 1 + 17 + 1 + 23
= 77 "! !01 × 1503
= 11 5503 !" 11,5553
Arithmetic Sequences and Series

7. Given the series: 10 + 18 + 26 + 34 + …

a) = 10
=8

b) 100 = 10 + −1 8
90 = 8 − 8
98 = 8
∴ = 12 ∴ 100 is not a part of the series.
/

c) ' = 10 + 17 − 1 8
' = 138

d) 6 = 72 + −1 8
)
∴6 ) = 72 10 + 9 8 8
= 5720 + 728
= 57928
= 460

)
e) 6 ) ) = 72 10 + 19 8 8 − 460
= 10720 + 1528 − 460
= 1071728 − 460
= 1720 − 460
= 1 260

8. Given the series: 7 + 9 + 10 + 12 + ⋯.

a) =7 =9−7 =
∴ =7 + −1 $ %=5 +1

b) / = 7 + 13 $ %
∴ / = 7 + 21 ∴ / = 29
 c) 22 = 7 + −1 $ %
∴ 15 = $ % −1
∴9= −1
∴ = 10

)
d) 6 ) = ;2 $7 % + 19 $ %<
∴6 ) = 10 ;14 + 31 <
∴6 ) = 10 ;46 <
∴6 ) = 463

e) 590 = ;2 $7 % + − 1 $ %<
∴ 11 80 = ;14 + − <
∴ 11 80 = 14 + −
∴0= + 13 − 1180
∴0= + 39 − 3 542
∴ 0 = 5 + 154 − 23
/
∴ ≠ − !" = 23

9. Given that the following sequence is an arithmetic series:

= − 1; = + 2; 2=…

a) − = −
∴ = + 2 − = − 1 = 2= − = + 2
∴ = + 2 − = + 1 = 2= − = − 2
∴3==−2
∴==5

b) 4 7 10…
∴ =4
∴ =3

c) = 4 + 10 3
= 34
 d) 6 = 72 4 + 20 3 8
∴6 = 78 + 608
∴6 = 7688
∴6 = 714

e) 286 = 72 4 + −1 3 8
∴ 572 = 78 + 3 − 38
∴ 0 = 3 + 5 − 572
∴ 0 = 3 + 44 − 13
//
∴ ≠ − = 13

10. Given that the following sequence is an arithmetic series:

3 − 2=; = + 3; = − 3 …

a) − = −
∴ = + 3 − 3 − 2= = = − 3 − = + 3
∴ = + 3 − 3 + 2= = = − 3 − = − 3
∴ 3= = −6
∴ = = −2

∴ = 3 − 2 −2 = 7 ∴ = −2 + 3 = 1
∴ = −2 − 3 = −5

b) =7+ − 1 −6 = 13 − 6

c) = 7 + 14 −6
∴ = −77

d) 6 = 72 + −1 8
@
∴6 @ = 72 7 + 15 −6 8
∴6 @ = 8714 − 908
∴6 @ = 87−768
∴6 @ = −608
11. Given that an arithmetic sequence has a 6th term equal to 39 and a 10th term
equal to 83, determine:

T6 = 39 T10 = 83

a) ∴ 39 = + 5
∴ 83 = + 9
∴ −44 = −4
∴ = 11 ∴ 39 = + 5 11
∴ = −16

b) .= −16 + 8 11
∴ . = 72

c) 6 = 72 + −1 8
.
∴6 . = 72 −16 + 18 11 8
.
∴6 . = 7−32 + 1988
.
∴6 . = 71668
∴6 . = 1 577

d) 127 = −16 + − 1 11
∴ 143 = 11 − 1
∴ 13 = − 1 ∴ = 14

e)
6 = 72 + −1 8
∴ 4 305 = 72 −16 + − 1 11 8
∴ 8 610 = 7−32 + 11 − 118
∴ 0 = 11 − 43 − 8610
∴ 0 = 11 + 287 − 30
('
∴ ≠ − !" = 30
12. Given that an arithmetic sequence has a fourth term equal to 7 and a ninth
term equal to 57, determine:

T4 = 7 T9 = 57

a) ∴7= +3
∴ 57 = + 8
∴ −50 = −5
∴ = 10 ∴ 7 = + 3 10
∴ = −23

b) 7; 17; 27; 37; 47; 57…

c) 6 = 72 + −1 8
(
∴6 ( = 72 −23 + 17 10 8
∴6 ( = 97−46 + 1708
∴6 ( = 971248
∴6 ( = 1 116

(
d) 6 ( − 6( = 1116 − 72 −23 + 7 10 8
∴6 ( − 6. = 1 116 − 47−46 + 708
∴6 ( − 6. = 1 116 − 47248
∴6 ( − 6. = 1 116 − 96
∴6 ( − 6. = 1020

e) ∴ 384 = 72 −23 + − 1 10 8
∴ 768 = 7−46 + 10 − 108
∴ 0 = 10 − 56 − 768
∴ 0 = 5 − 28 − 384
∴ 0 = 5 + 32 − 12
∴ ≠ − !" = 12
13. Given that the arithmetic sequence with the 6th term equal to 27 and the sum
of the first 12 terms is equal to 504, determine:

T6 = 27 S12 = 504
a) 27 = + 5
∴ = 27 − 5

∴ 504 = 72 + 11 8 Substitute a in
∴ 504 = 672 27 − 5 + 11 8
∴ 84 = 54 − 10 + 11
∴ 30 =

∴ = 27 − 5 30
∴ = −123

b) (= −123 + 7 30
∴ ( = 87

c) 6 = 72 + −1 8
'
∴6 ' = 72 −123 + 16 30 8
'
∴6 ' = 7−246 + 4808
'
∴6 ' = 72348
∴6 ' = 1 989

d) 357 = −123 + − 1 30
∴ 480 = 30 −1
∴ 16 = − 1
∴ = 17

Geometric Sequences and Series

14. Given the geometric series: 6 + 30 + 150 + 750 + …

a) =6
"=5 ∴ = 6. 5
 A B+
b) 6 =
B
@ C
∴ 6( =
∴ 6( = 585 936

c) It is diverging because the ratio is greater than 1.

15. Given the following geometric series: 1 + + + +⋯

/ @ @/

a) =1
"= ∴ = 1. $ %
/ /

A B+
b) 6 =
B
E E
D $ % G
∴6 =
F
E
F
∴6 = 1,33

E HI
D $ % G
∴6 =
F
c) ) E
F

∴6 ) =1

d) Converging, −1 < " < 1

A
e) 6K =
B
∴ 6K = E
F

∴ 6K = 1

f) = = 1. $ %
@ (/ /
∴ log E = −1
F @ (/
∴ −1=7
∴ =8
16. Given the following geometric series: 14 + 21 + 31 + 47 + ⋯
/

a) = 14
"= = ∴ = 14. $ %
/

'
b) ( = 14. $ %
∴ ( = 239
@/

A B+
c) 6 =
B
, EO
/D $ % G
∴6 @ = ,

∴6 @ = 18 363, 5434

d) It is diverging, r is greater than 1.

A B+
e) 450 =
B
, +
// /D $ % G
∴ = ,

//
∴ − = 14 $1 − $ % %
@/
) .
∴ − =1−$ %
@/
('
∴ − = −$ %
(
('
∴ log , $ %=
(
∴ =7

17. Given that the following sequence is geometric:

= − 1; ; …
P @P

* *,
a)* =
*E *
E E

∴ =
QRE OQS,
E
P
QRE
 P
∴ × = ×
P P @P
P
∴ =
P @P
@P
∴ ==−1
P
∴ 6= + 3 = = − 1
∴ 6= + 3 = = − 3= + 3= − 1
∴ 0 = = − 3= − 3= − 4
∴ 0 = = − 4 = + 5= + 1

∴ −4= + 5= = −3=
∴ 5= = =
∴5=1

∴0= =−4 = +=+1

∴==4 can’t factorise this trinomial

b) 3; ; …
'

c) = 3. $ %
.
@
∴ ' = 3. $ %
.
∴ ' =
'' /'

E EI
D $ % G
6 =
T
d) ) E
T

∴6 ) = 3,37499U

e) = 3. $ %
. @( .

∴ =$ %
. )/. .

∴ log E $ %= −1
T . )/.
∴ −1=5
∴ =6
 A
f) 6K =
B
∴ 6K = E
T

∴ 6K = 3
(

18. Given that the following series is geometric:

= − 4; 2= + 2; 9= − 1; …

* *,
a) =
*E *
P .P
∴ =
P / P
∴ 2= + 2 = 9= − 1 = − 4
∴ 4= + 8= + 4 = 9= − 37= + 4
∴ 0 = 5= − 45=
∴ 0 = 5= = − 9
∴ = = 0 !" = = 9

∴ =5 ∴ = 20 and ∴ = 80

A B+
b) 6 = = 5; "=4
B
/EI
∴6 ) =
/
∴6 ) = 1 747 625

c) 327 680 = 5. 4
∴ 65 536 = 4
∴ log / 65 536 = −1
∴ −1=8
∴ =9

/+
d) 1 705 =
/
∴ −5 115 = 5 1 − 4
∴ −1 023 = 1 − 4
∴ −1024 = −4
∴ log / 1024 =
∴ =5
 ' (.
19. In a certain geometric series the third term is and the 6th term is .
@
Determine:

' (.
= @ =
@

(.
a) ∴ " = … 1
@
'
∴ " = … 2
∴1 ÷2
'
∴" =
(
, '
∴"= V
(
'
∴"= ∴ " =
'
∴ $ % =
/
∴ =
.

/
b) = $ %
.
/ '
∴ ( = $ %
.
' ')
∴ ( = 26 !"
@/ @/

A B+
c) 6 =
B
EF , EE
D $ % G
∴6 =
T
,

∴6 = 265, 9924 …

d) Diverging; r is greater than 1.

EF , +
// D $ % G
=
T
e) ,
((
// /
∴ − = $1 − $ % %
'@ .
) .
∴ − =1−$ %
(
('
∴ − = −$ %
(
 ('
∴ log $,% $ %=
(

∴ =7

@
20. In a certain geometric series the 5th term is equal to and the 4th term is
/(@
equal to . Determine:
(

@
= and / =
/(@ (

@
a) "/ = … 1
/(@
" = … 2
(
∴1 ÷2
∴"= ∴ $@% =
@ (
(
∴ =
(
b) = $ %
@
( @
∴ ' = $ %
@
∴ ' = 0,89306 …

A
c) 6K =
B
C

∴ 6K = ,
H
O
∴ 6K = 16 (Possible because -1 < r < 1).

C H +
D $ % G
13,4159 =
, O
d) H
O
(
∴ 2,235983333 = $1 − $ % %
@

∴ 0,83849375 = 1 − $ %
@

∴ −0,16150625 = − $ %
@
∴ log H 0,16150625 =
O
∴ = 9,999977
∴ = 10
Mixed Questions

21. Arithmetic Geometric

a=5 a=5
Y Z
d = 2W − 5 = X − 2W "= =
Y
∴ 4W − 5 = X… 1 ∴ 4W = 5X … 2
Substitute 1 into 2
∴ 4W = 5 4W − 5
∴ 4W = 20W − 25
∴ 4W − 20W + 25 = 0
∴ 2W − 5 2W − 5 = 0
∴W= ∴ X = 4$ % − 5
∴X=5

22. a=a=2
+4 = " +7 = "
2 + 4 = 2" 2 + 7 = 2"
1+2 =" subs in → 2 + 7 = 2 1 + 2
∴ 2+7 = 2 1+4 +4
∴2+7 =2+8 +8
∴ 0=8 +
∴ 0= 8 +1
∴ = 0 !" = −
(

∴1+2 0 =" OR 1 + 2 $− % = "

(
∴"=1 ∴"=
/

'
∴ arithmetic: 2; 2; 2;… OR 2; 1 ; 1 …
( /
∴ geometric: 2; 2; 2; OR 2; 1 ; 1 ….
(

23. 1 7 19 37
6 12 18
6 6
a) It is not linear (no first common difference).
It is not geometric (no common ratio).
It IS quadratic (there is a second common difference).

b) + + =1 OR = + −1 +
@
3 + =6 ∴ =1+ −1 6 +
2 =6 ∴ =1+6 −6+3 −9 +6
∴ =3 ∴ =3 −3 +1
3 3 + =6
∴ = −3
3−3+ =1
∴ =1 ∴ =3 −3 +1

c) 1 3 5 7 (number of hexagons tall)

2 2 2

∴ =1+ − 1 2 = 15
∴ 2 − 1 = 14
∴ −1=7
∴ =8

∴ ( =3 8 +3 8 +1
∴ ( = 217 hexagons in the doodle.