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Coupled Circuit
Coupled Circuit
Coupled Circuit
Chapter Objectives:
Understand magnetically coupled circuits.
Learn the concept of mutual inductance.
Be able to determine energy in a coupled circuit.
Learn how to analyze circuits involving linear and ideal transformers.
Be familiar with ideal autotransformers.
Learn how to analyze circuits involving three-phase transformers.
Apply what is learnt to transformer as an isolation device and power
distribution
di1
v2 M 21
dt
di2
v1 M12
dt
M12 M 21 M
di1
v2 M di2
dt v1 M
dt
di1
v2 M v1 M
di2
dt dt
V1 I1 jL1 jL2 I2 V2
Time Domain
di1 di2
v1 i1 R1 L1 M
dt dt
di di
v2 i2 R2 L2 2 M 1
dt dt
Frequency Domain
V1 ( R1 j L1 ) I1 j MI 2
V2 j MI1 ( R2 j L2 ) I 2
Eeng 224 ‹#›
Induced mutual voltages
j3I2 j3I1
-
+
+
-
-
+ j3I1
-j50
Io
I3
j20Ic j10Ib j60
j40
+ + + +
Ia Ic
j30Ib j20Ia I a = I1 – I3
j30Ic + I b = I2 – I1
500 V I c = I3 – I2
Io = I3
+
I1
j80
I2 100 Blue Voltage due to Ia
Red Voltage due to Ic
Ib Green Voltage due to Ib
+ j10Ia
1 2 1
w L1i1 L2i2 Mi1i2
2
2 2
0 k 1
M
k
L1 L2
The transformer is called LINEAR if the coils are wound on magnetically linear
material.
For a LINEAR TRANSFORMER flux is proportional to current in the windings.
Resistances R1 and R2 account for losses in the coils.
The coils are named as PRIMARY and SECONDARY.
ZR
V ( R1 j L1 ) I1 j MI 2
0 j MI1 ( R2 j L2 Z L ) I 2
V 2M 2
Zin R1 j L1 R1 j L1 Z R
I1 R2 j L2 Z L
2M 2
ZR REFLECTED IMPEDANCE
R2 j L2 Z L
• Secondary impedance seen from the primary side is the Reflected Impedance.
Eeng 224 ‹#›
Eeng 224 ‹#›
Equivalent T Circuit for Linear Transformers
La L1 M , Lb L2 M , Lc M
L1 L2 M 2 L1L2 M 2 L1L2 M 2
LA , LB , LC
L2 M L1 M M