2034 SLR TR 04 042 r0 MFT Response

Al Dariyah Farm Project
POD 1 | POD 2
Building Envelope and Steel Structure
Technical Report
Project No.: 2034
Report Content: Structural Design of Connection Details for POD 2
Revision: 00
Date: December 29th, 2020
Submittals: 2034-SLR-TR-04-042-R0-POD2 - Structural Design Connection
Details
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OTHER TRADES
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Resubmit
Do not resubmit T. CADA

By: …………….……………………………
SL Rasch GmbH | Special & Lightweight Structures

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19-Jan-2021
Date: ………………………………………
D For information only - Not reviewed
2034-SLR-TR-04-042 | ADF - POD 2 - Structural Design Connection Details | R0 | 29.12.2020
Prepared by: SL Rasch GmbH Special & Lightweight Structures

Kesslerweg 22
70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen
T +49 (0) 711 90 11 48 0 | F +49 (0) 711 90 11 48 399
info@sl-rasch.de | www.sl-rasch.de
For: M/s Modern Building Leaders

Attention: Mr. Bassam Al Marrawi
Prince Sultan Road Bld. 7698
Jeddah 23425-3987, KSA
Revision Table:
Revision Amendments Date Author Checked
0 First Issue 29.12.2020 DT/PS/AA SS
2 | 395
Index of Content
1 General .................................................................................................................. 18
2 Design Basis ........................................................................................................... 19
2.1 Design Standards and Codes of Practice ................................................................ 19
2.2 Design Approach ..................................................................................................... 19
2.3 Software used for the Structural Analysis .............................................................. 19
3 Detail 201............................................................................................................... 20
3.1 General .................................................................................................................... 20
3.2 Design of Base Plate................................................................................................ 21
4 Detail 202............................................................................................................... 22
4.1 General .................................................................................................................... 22
5 Detail 203............................................................................................................... 24
5.1 General .................................................................................................................... 24
6 Detail 211............................................................................................................... 26
6.1 General .................................................................................................................... 26
6.2 Design of Connection in AR-020 ............................................................................. 27
6.3 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Upper Chord) ..................................................... 29
6.4 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Lower Chord) ..................................................... 32
6.5 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Inner Chord) ...................................................... 35
6.6 Finite Element Verification ...................................................................................... 38
7 Detail 212............................................................................................................... 58
7.1 General .................................................................................................................... 58
7.2 Design of Connection Detail AT-037 ...................................................................... 59
7.3 Design of Connection Detail of AE-011 (Upper Chord) .......................................... 62
7.4 Design of Connection Detail of AE-011 (Lower Chord) .......................................... 64
7.5 Design of Connection Detail of AE-011 (Inner Chord) ........................................... 67
7.6 Design of Strut Connection ..................................................................................... 70
7.7 Finite Element Verification ...................................................................................... 72
8 Detail 213............................................................................................................... 97
8.1 General .................................................................................................................... 97
8.2 Design of PL 004...................................................................................................... 98
8.3 Design of Bolts....................................................................................................... 100
8.4 Design of Thermal Separation............................................................................... 101
8.5 Design of Connection Plate ................................................................................... 103
8.6 Finite Element Verification .................................................................................... 105
9 Detail 214............................................................................................................. 122
9.1 General .................................................................................................................. 122
9.2 Design of Bolt ........................................................................................................ 123
9.3 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seams ....................................................... 124
9.4 Design of Pin .......................................................................................................... 126
10 Detail 215............................................................................................................. 128
3 | 395
10.1 General .................................................................................................................. 128

10.2 Design of the Connection ...................................................................................... 128
11 Detail 216............................................................................................................. 129
11.1 General .................................................................................................................. 129
11.2 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AR-022 ..................................................... 130
11.3 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AT-035 ..................................................... 134
11.4 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AE-012 (Upper Chord) ............................. 136
11.5 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AE-012 (Lower Chord) ............................. 139
11.6 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AE-012 (Inner Chord) .............................. 141
11.7 Design of Strut Connection ................................................................................... 143
12 Detail 217............................................................................................................. 160
12.1 General .................................................................................................................. 160
12.2 Design of Section ................................................................................................... 161
12.3 Design of Bolts....................................................................................................... 162
13 Detail 218............................................................................................................. 163
13.1 General .................................................................................................................. 163
13.2 Design of the Connection ...................................................................................... 163
14 Detail 219............................................................................................................. 164
14.1 General .................................................................................................................. 164
14.2 Design of Connection AC-004 with AR-023 ......................................................... 165
14.3 Design of Connection of AC-004 with AE-012 (Upper Chord) ............................. 168
14.4 Design of Connection of AC-004 with AE-012 (Lower Chord) ............................. 171
14.5 Design of Connection of AC-004 with AE-012 (Inner Chord) .............................. 174
14.6 Design of Strut Connection ................................................................................... 177
15 Detail 220............................................................................................................. 203
15.1 General .................................................................................................................. 203
15.2 Design of Connection ............................................................................................ 203
16 Detail 221............................................................................................................. 204
16.1 General .................................................................................................................. 204
16.2 Design of Bolts 4 x M24 ........................................................................................ 205
16.3 Design of Section U 100 ........................................................................................ 206
16.4 Design of Bolts U-Profile ....................................................................................... 207
17 Detail 231............................................................................................................. 223
17.1 General .................................................................................................................. 223
17.2 Design of Connection of AR-020/AR-023 ............................................................ 224
17.3 Design of Connection of AR-021/AR-021 ............................................................ 226
18 Detail 232............................................................................................................. 230
18.1 General .................................................................................................................. 230
18.2 Design of Bolt ........................................................................................................ 231
19 Detail 233............................................................................................................. 234
4 | 395
19.1 General .................................................................................................................. 234

19.2 Design of Pin .......................................................................................................... 235
19.3 Design of Middle and Outer Plates........................................................................ 236
19.4 Design of Eccentricity ............................................................................................ 238
20 Detail 234............................................................................................................. 240
20.1 General .................................................................................................................. 240
20.2 Design of Bolt ........................................................................................................ 241
21 Detail 235............................................................................................................. 244
21.1 General .................................................................................................................. 244
21.2 Design of Bolt ........................................................................................................ 245
22 Detail 238............................................................................................................. 247
23 Detail 239............................................................................................................. 248
23.1 General .................................................................................................................. 248
23.2 Design of Bolt ........................................................................................................ 249
24 Detail 240............................................................................................................. 251
25 Detail 251............................................................................................................. 252
25.1 General .................................................................................................................. 252
25.2 Design of 6xM27.................................................................................................... 253
25.4 Design of PL-010 ................................................................................................... 256
25.5 Design of Design of S_12x M 24 10.9 ................................................................... 257
25.6 Design of PL-011 and PL-013 ............................................................................... 258
26 Detail 252............................................................................................................. 259
26.1 General .................................................................................................................. 259
26.2 Design of Bolts....................................................................................................... 260
26.4 Finite Element Verification of the Connection ...................................................... 263
27 Detail 253............................................................................................................. 285
27.1 General .................................................................................................................. 285
27.2 Design of Bolts....................................................................................................... 286
28 Detail 271............................................................................................................. 289
28.1 General .................................................................................................................. 289
28.2 Finite Element Model ............................................................................................ 289
28.3 Applied Loads on Finite Element Model ............................................................... 292
28.4 Analysis Results .................................................................................................... 294
29 Detail 272............................................................................................................. 300
29.1 General .................................................................................................................. 300
29.3 Applied Loads on Finite Element Model ............................................................... 303
5 | 395
30 Detail 273............................................................................................................. 314

30.1 General .................................................................................................................. 314
30.3 Applied Loads in Finite Element Model ................................................................ 318
31 Detail 274............................................................................................................. 331
31.1 General .................................................................................................................. 331
32 Detail 275............................................................................................................. 351
32.1 General .................................................................................................................. 351
32.2 Finite Element Analysis ......................................................................................... 352
32.3 Pos. 1: Min. Normal Force ..................................................................................... 352
32.4 Pos. 2: Min. Vz + Max. Utilization Level in Radial Beam ....................................... 358
33 Detail 276............................................................................................................. 369
33.1 General .................................................................................................................. 369
33.2 Design .................................................................................................................... 369
34 Detail 277............................................................................................................. 370
34.1 General .................................................................................................................. 370
34.2 Design .................................................................................................................... 370
35 Detail 278............................................................................................................. 371
35.1 General .................................................................................................................. 371
36 Detail 291............................................................................................................. 380
36.1 General .................................................................................................................. 380
36.2 Design of Bolts....................................................................................................... 381
37 Detail 292............................................................................................................. 384
37.1 General .................................................................................................................. 384
37.2 Design of Bolts....................................................................................................... 385
37.3 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seam......................................................... 385
38 Detail 293............................................................................................................. 387
38.1 General .................................................................................................................. 387
38.2 Design of Bolts....................................................................................................... 388
39 Detail 294............................................................................................................. 391
39.1 General .................................................................................................................. 391
39.2 Design .................................................................................................................... 391
40 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 392
41 References ........................................................................................................... 392
Appendix A: Overview ................................................................................................ 393
6 | 395
Index of Figures
Figure 1: Overview of Connection Details [8] ................................................................................. 18
Figure 2: Overview and Isometry of Detail 201 ............................................................................. 20
Figure 3: Detail 201 ........................................................................................................................ 21
Figure 5: Detail 202 ........................................................................................................................ 23
Figure 7: Detail 203 ........................................................................................................................ 25
Figure 9: Components of Detail 211............................................................................................... 39
Figure 10: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 211) ................................................................................. 40
Figure 11: Fixed Support of the Connection Detail 211 ................................................................ 41
Figure 12: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)............................... 42
Figure 13: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level) .............................. 43
Figure 14: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My) .................................................... 44
Figure 15: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My) .................................................... 45
Figure 16: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 211) - LC 8200 ..................................................................... 46
Figure 17: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 211) - LC 8200 .................................................................... 47
Figure 18: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)....................... 49
Figure 19: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level) ............. 50
Figure 20: Total Deformation (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level) .............................. 51
Figure 21: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My) ............................................ 52
Figure 22: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My) ................................... 53
Figure 23: Total Deformation (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My) ................................................... 54
Figure 24: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 211) - LC 8200 ............................................................. 55
Figure 25: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 211) - LC 8200.................................................... 56
Figure 26: Total Deformation (Detail 211) - LC 8200 .................................................................... 57
Figure 27: Overview and Isometry of Detail 212 ........................................................................... 58
Figure 28: Components of Connection Detail 212 ......................................................................... 73
Figure 29: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 212) ................................................................................. 74
Figure 30: Fixed Support of the Connection Detail 212 ................................................................ 75
7 | 395

Figure 51: Overview and Isometry of Detail 213 ........................................................................... 97
Figure 52: Material Properties Thermal Separation Product [12] ............................................... 102
Figure 53: Position of Connection Plate ....................................................................................... 103
Figure 54: Components of Detail 213, Plate Profile .................................................................... 105
Figure 55: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 213, Plate Profile) ......................................................... 106
Figure 56: Fixed Support of Detail 213, Plate Profile .................................................................. 107
Figure 57: Applied Loads (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110 ................................................... 108
Figure 58: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400 ........................... 109
Figure 59: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110 ..................................... 110
Figure 60: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110............................ 110
Figure 61: Total Deformation (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110 ............................................ 111
Figure 62: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400 ..................................... 111
Figure 63: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400............................ 112
Figure 64: Total Deformation (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400 ............................................ 112
Figure 65: Components of Detail 213, C-Profile .......................................................................... 113
Figure 66: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 213, C-Profile) ............................................................... 114
Figure 67: Fixed Support of Detail 213, C-Profile ........................................................................ 114
Figure 68: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My) ................................ 115
Figure 69: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level) .................. 116
Figure 70: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My) .................. 117
Figure 71: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)......... 118
Figure 72: Total Deformation (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My) ......................... 119
8 | 395
Figure 73: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level) .... 119
Figure 74: Equivalent v.Mises Stress (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level) 120
Figure 75: Total Deformation (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level) ............ 121
Figure 76: Overview and Isometry of Detail 214 ......................................................................... 122
Figure 79: Components of Detail 216 .......................................................................................... 146
Figure 80: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 216) ............................................................................... 147
Figure 81: Fixed Support of Detail 216 ........................................................................................ 148
Figure 82: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 216) - LC 6100 ................................................................... 149
Figure 83: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 216) - LC 6100 .................................................................. 150
Figure 88: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 216) - LC 6100 ........................... 155
Figure 89: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 216) - LC 8800 .................. 156
Figure 90: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 216) - LC 8800................................... 156
Figure 100: Components of Connection Detail 219..................................................................... 179
Figure 101: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 219) ............................................................................. 180
Figure 102: Fixed Support of the Connection Detail 219 ............................................................ 181
Figure 103: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 219) - LC 3200 ................................................................ 182
Figure 104: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 219) - LC 3200 ................................................................ 183
9 | 395
Figure 111: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 219) - LC 3200 ........................................................ 191
Figure 112: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 219) - LC 3200 ............................................... 192
Figure 113: Total Deformation (Detail 219) - LC 3200 ................................................................ 193
Figure 123: Overview and Isometry of Detail 221 ....................................................................... 204
Figure 124: Components of Detail 221 ........................................................................................ 208
Figure 126: Fixed Support of Detail 221 ...................................................................................... 209
Figure 127: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz) ............ 210
Figure 128: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz) .................. 211
Figure 129: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N) ................................. 212
Figure 130: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz) ..................... 214
Figure 131: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz) ............ 215
Figure 132: Total Deformation (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz) ............................. 216
Figure 133: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz) ............................ 217
Figure 134: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz) ................... 218
Figure 135: Total Deformation (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz) ................................... 219
Figure 136: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N) ........................................... 220
Figure 137: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N).................................. 221
Figure 138: Total Deformation (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N) .................................................. 222
Figure 145: Overview and other drawings of Detail 251 ............................................................. 252
10 | 395
Figure 147: Components of Connection Head Plate Detail 252 .................................................. 264
Figure 149: Fixed Support of the Connection Detail 252 ............................................................ 266
Figure 150: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) ...................................................... 267
Figure 151: Applied Loads in FEM-Model Detail 252 - LC 6200 (Min. Mz).................................. 268
Figure 152: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 8800 ...................................................................... 268
Figure 153: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) ........ 269
Figure 154: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)270
Figure 155: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) ................ 271
Figure 156: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)........................... 271
Figure 157: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) ................. 272
Figure 158: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) .................................. 272
Figure 159: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) ........ 273
Figure 160: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)273
Figure 161: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) ................ 274
Figure 162: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) ......... 274
Figure 163: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) 275
Figure 164: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)................. 275
Figure 165: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) ........................... 276
Figure 166: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) .................. 276
Figure 167: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) ................................... 277
Figure 168: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) ........................... 277
Figure 169: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) .................. 278
Figure 170: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) ................................... 278
Figure 171: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 8800 ......................... 279
Figure 172: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 8800 ................ 279
Figure 173: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 8800 ................................ 280
Figure 174: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 8800 ........................................... 281
Figure 175: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 8800 .................................. 282
Figure 176: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 8800................................................... 282
Figure 177: Equivalent Total Strain in Welding Seams (Detail 252) - LC 8800 .......................... 283
Figure 178: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Welding Seams (Detail 252) - LC 8800 ................. 284
Figure 179: Total Deformation in Welding Seams (Detail 252) - LC 8800 .................................. 284
Figure 182: Components of Node Detail 271 .............................................................................. 290
11 | 395
Figure 184: Fixed Support of Node Detail 271 ............................................................................ 291

Figure 198: Components of Node Detail 272 (Bottom Beam) .................................................... 301
Figure 200: Fixed Support of Node Detail 272 ............................................................................ 303
Figure 201: Applied Loads (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz)....................................................... 304
Figure 203: Applied Loads (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. MY) ...................................................... 305
Figure 205: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz)......................................... 307
Figure 206: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz) ............................... 308
Figure 207: Total Deformation (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz) ................................................ 308
Figure 209: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 6200 ............................................... 309
Figure 211: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. My)......................................... 310
Figure 212: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. My) ............................... 311
Figure 213: Total Deformation (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. My) ................................................ 311
Figure 215: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 6100 ............................................... 313
Figure 218: Components of Head Plate Node Detail 273............................................................ 316
Figure 220: Fixed Support of the Node Detail 273 ...................................................................... 318
12 | 395

Figure 238: Components of Head Plate Node Detail 274............................................................ 333
Figure 241: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 6200 (Max. Vz)....................................................... 336
Figure 243: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My)...................................................... 337
Figure 245: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. VZ) ........................................ 339
Figure 246: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. Vz) ............................... 340
Figure 247: Total Deformation (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. Vz) ................................................ 341
Figure 251: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My) ........................................ 345
Figure 252: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My)............................... 346
Figure 253: Total Deformation (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My) ............................................... 347
13 | 395
Figure 258: Considered Positions for Analysis of Detail 275 ...................................................... 352
Figure 259: Components of Finite Element Model (Pos. 1, Detail 275) ...................................... 353
Figure 260: Finite Element Mesh (Pos. 1, Detail 275) ................................................................. 353
Figure 261: Fixed Support in FEM-Model (Pos. 1, Detail 275) .................................................... 354
Figure 262: Applied Loads (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200 (Min. N) ............................................. 355
Figure 263: Equivalent Total Strain (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200 ............................................ 356
Figure 264: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200 ................................... 357
Figure 265: Total Deformation (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200 .................................................... 358
Figure 266: Components of Finite Element Model (Pos. 2, Detail 275) ...................................... 359
Figure 267: Finite Element Mesh (Pos. 2, Detail 275) ................................................................. 360
Figure 268: Fixed Support of Node Detail 275 (Pos. 2, Detail 275) ............................................ 360
Figure 269: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8800 .......................................................... 361
Figure 270: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8200 .......................................................... 362
Figure 280: Components of Node Detail 278 .............................................................................. 372
Figure 287: Total Deformation (Detail 278) – LC 8200 ............................................................... 378
Figure 290: Total Deformation (Detail 278) – LC 8600 ............................................................... 379
14 | 395
Index of Tables
Table 1: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 211) ............................................................................. 38
Table 2: Applied Loads (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level Canopy) ........................... 42
Table 3: Applied Loads (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My) ............................................................. 44
Table 4: Applied Loads (Detail 211) - LC 8200 .............................................................................. 46
Table 5: Design Criteria Check - Detail 211 ................................................................................... 48
Table 6: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 212) ............................................................................. 72
Table 10: Applied Loads (Detail 212) - LC 7600 ............................................................................ 82
Table 11: Design Criteria Check - Detail 212 ................................................................................. 84
Table 12: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 213, Plate Profile) ................................................... 105
Table 13: Applied Loads (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110 .................................................... 107
Table 14: Applied Loads (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400 .................................................... 108
Table 15: Design Criteria Check - Detail 213 - Plate Profile ........................................................ 109
Table 16: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 213, C-Profile)......................................................... 113
Table 17: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My) ................................. 115
Table 18: Other Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)....................... 115
Table 19: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization) ............................. 116
Table 20: Other Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization) ................... 116
Table 21: Design Criteria Check - Detail 213 - C-Profile ............................................................. 117
Table 22: Material of all Steel Parts (Except Bolts, Detail 216) .................................................. 145
Table 23: Applied Loads (Detail 216) - LC 6100 .......................................................................... 149
Table 26: Design Criteria Check - Detail 216 ............................................................................... 155
Table 27: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 219) ......................................................................... 178
Table 34: Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz) ....................................... 210
Table 35: Other Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz) ............................ 210
15 | 395
Table 36: Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz) ............................................. 211
Table 37: Other Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz) ................................... 211
Table 38: Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N) ............................................................ 212
Table 39: Other Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N) .................................................. 212
Table 41: Material of all Steel Parts (Except Bolts, Detail 252) .................................................. 263
Table 42: Material of Bolts (Detail 252) ....................................................................................... 263
Table 43: Contact Types (Detail 252)........................................................................................... 265
Table 44: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz) ......................................................... 267
Table 45: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz) .......................................................... 267
Table 54: Applied Loads (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz) .......................................................... 304
Table 66: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. Vz) .......................................................... 335
Table 68: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My) ......................................................... 337
Table 71: Material of all Steel Parts (Pos. 1, Detail 275) ............................................................. 352
Table 72: Applied Loads (Pos. 1, Detail 275) ............................................................................... 354
16 | 395
Table 73: Design Criteria Check - Detail 275, 276 and 277 - Pos. 1 ........................................... 355
Table 74: Material of all Steel Parts (Pos. 2, Detail 275) ............................................................. 358
Table 75: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8800 .............................................................. 361
Table 76: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8200 .............................................................. 362
Table 77: Design Criteria Check - Detail 275, 276 and 277 - Pos. 2 ........................................... 363
Table 79: Applied Loads (Detail 278) - LC 8200 (Max. Utilization, Vz, My) ................................. 374
Table 80: Applied Loads (Detail 278) - LC 8600 (Max. N) ........................................................... 374
17 | 395
1 General
This report relates to the POD 2 roof and façade structure of the ADF Project in Dariyah, KSA. It
contains the structural design of the connection details of the steel structure.
A general overview of the connection details and their positions is shown in below figure.
Figure 1: Overview of Connection Details [8]
The structural verification of the foundation inserts is shown in [11].
18 | 395
2 Design Basis
The structural analysis of the details is based on the latest structural design report and Finite
Element Analysis of SL Rasch [7]. The applied forces and moments are extracted out of this
calculation.
2.1 Design Standards and Codes of Practice

Design regulations and safety concept in accordance to:
• Project related Structural Design Requirements [13]
• Basis of Structural Design: EN 1990 [2]
• Structural Steel Design: EN 1993-1 [3]
• Execution of Steel Structures: EN 1090 [4]
• Project related Technical Description [14]
• VDI Guidelines
2.2 Design Approach

The connection details are design according to fundamental engineering principals or standard
given design procedures.
Were required, detailed calculations using a FE-Model are performed.
2.3 Software used for the Structural Analysis

The following software packages are used for the structural analysis and design:
• Finite-Element-Software package Ansys Workbench 18.0 [10]
• Microsoft Excel
19 | 395
3 Detail 201
3.1 General
This chapter contains the structural design of the column base plate which is part of Detail 201.
The structural design of the relating concrete insert and anchor bolts is shown in [11].
AC-001
Base Plate
Figure 2: Overview and Isometry of Detail 201
20 | 395
3.2 Design of Base Plate

Due to the pressure and uplift force the base plate is bend. On safe side, the structural system is
assumed as cantilever.
Fz (Pressure),
Fz (Uplift) Fz (Pressure), Fz (Uplift)
Base Plate 125mm
125mm
Aelastomer,
v
450mm
Figure 3: Detail 201
Design of Base Plate based on EN 1993-1-1

Actions
Min. Force Fz (Pressure) -666 kN
Max. Force Fz (Uplift) 86.3 kN
Absolut maximal Force Fmax 666 kN
Section
Effektiv width of the section b 450 mm
Thickness of Base Plate t 40 mm
Section modulus major axis W 120000 mm³
Yield Strength Steel fy 355 N/mm²
Design of Base Plate
Resulted Force for each side F 214.07 kN
Length of Cantilever l 125 mm
M 26758.93 kNmm
Stresses in Section Stress 222.99 N/mm²
Utilization 0.63 -
21 | 395
4 Detail 202
4.1 General
AC-003
Base Plate
22 | 395

assumed as cantilever.
Fz (Pressure)
Fz (Pressure)
110mm
110mm
Aelastomer,
v
550mm

Actions
Min. Force Fz -1468.6 kN
Max. Force Fz -359 kN
Absolut Maximal Force Fmax 1468.6 kN
Section
Effektiv width of the section b 550 mm
Section modulus major axis W 146666.6667 mm³
Resulted Force for each side F 425.12 kN
M 46763.32 kNmm
Stresses in Section Stress 318.84 N/mm²
Utilization 0.90 -
23 | 395
5 Detail 203
5.1 General
AC-008
Base Plate
24 | 395

assumed as cantilever. The length of that cantilever is assumed as 150 mm, as shown in Figure
7.
Fw
Fz (Pressure)
l=150mm
Base Plate
150mm
l=150 mm
Aelastomer,v
350mm

Actions
Max. Force Fz -1461 kN
Min. Force Fz -554.6 kN
Absolut maximal Force Fmax 1461 kN
Section
Effektiv Width of Section b 350 mm
Section Modulus W 210000 mm³
Resulted Force web F 365.25 kN
M 54787.50 kNmm
Stress in Section ϭ 260.89 N/mm²
Utilization 0.78 -
25 | 395
6 Detail 211
6.1 General
This chapter contains the structural design of the detail 211.
Connection in AR-020
Connection in AE-010 (Inner Chord)
Connection in AE-010 (Upper Chord)
Connection in AE-010 (lower Chord)
26 | 395
6.2 Design of Connection in AR-020

6.2.1 Design of Bolt
Structural Design of Bolts according to EN 1993-1-8
Connection Properties
Bolts
d= 24 mm Nominal bolt diameter
As = 353 mm² Tensile stress area
A= 452.4 mm² Cross-section area
fyb = 900 N/mm² Yield strength
fub = 1000 N/mm² Tensile strength
FvRd = 217.15 kN Design shear resistance
FtRd = 254.16 kN Design tension resistance
Geometry
Htot = 250 mm Total height
Btot = 150 mm Total width
tf1 = 20 mm Thickness upper flange
tf2 = 20 mm Thickness lower flange
hw = 210 mm Height web
hr = 36 mm Distance lowest bolt to flange
hb = 138 mm Distance bolts
e2 = 32 mm Edge distance
h= 184 mm Lever arm major direction
ls = 108 mm Lever arm minor direction
yi = 43 mm Distance y
zi = 69 mm Distance z
Ip = 30138 mm² Polar moment of inertia
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
[kN] [kN] [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm]
min N -299.2 0.46 -1.58 0.28 -6.52 0.01
max N 309.3 -1.72 33.22 -0.12 -6.92 -0.05
min VY 29.6 -8.98 10.64 -2.84 2.56 4.39
max VY 197.7 8.98 27.38 2.81 2.68 -4.37
min VZ -152.1 3.56 -17.84 0.31 -4.44 -1.89
max VZ 307.8 -1.73 45.40 -0.14 4.80 0.55
min MT 29.6 -8.98 10.64 -2.84 2.56 4.39
max MT 197.7 8.98 27.38 2.81 2.68 -4.37
min MY -293.4 -0.05 11.18 -0.02 -10.31 0.02
max MY 307.8 -1.73 45.28 -0.14 14.51 0.92
min MZ 197.7 8.98 27.26 2.81 8.53 -6.29
max MZ 29.6 -8.98 10.52 -2.84 4.83 6.31
Design of Bolts
Shear Force - FvEd Tensile Force - FtEd Interaction
due to Vz due to Vy due to Mt Sum Utilization due to N due to My due to Mz Sum Utilization Utilization
[kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
0.26 0.08 0.76 1.10 0.01 0.00 17.72 0.03 17.75 0.07 0.05
5.54 0.29 0.32 6.15 0.03 51.55 18.80 0.15 70.51 0.28 0.23
1.77 1.50 7.66 10.93 0.05 4.93 6.96 13.55 25.44 0.10 0.12
4.56 1.50 7.58 13.64 0.06 32.95 7.28 13.49 53.72 0.21 0.21
2.97 0.59 0.84 4.40 0.02 0.00 12.07 5.83 17.90 0.07 0.07
7.57 0.29 0.38 8.23 0.04 51.30 13.04 1.70 66.04 0.26 0.22
1.77 1.50 7.66 10.93 0.05 4.93 6.96 13.55 25.44 0.10 0.12
4.56 1.50 7.58 13.64 0.06 32.95 7.28 13.49 53.72 0.21 0.21
1.86 0.01 0.05 1.93 0.01 0.00 28.02 0.06 28.08 0.11 0.09
7.55 0.29 0.38 8.21 0.04 51.30 39.43 2.84 93.57 0.37 0.30
4.54 1.50 7.58 13.62 0.06 32.95 23.18 19.41 75.54 0.30 0.28
1.75 1.50 7.66 10.91 0.05 4.93 13.13 19.48 37.53 0.15 0.16
27 | 395
2034 ADF
28.12.2020
Detail 211
bearbeitet: AA
V87.4
6.2.2 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seams
Structural Design of Double T-Profile according to EN 1993-1-1/-1-8
Cross-Section Properties
Cross Section
htot = 250 mm Total height of member
tw = 8 mm Thickness web
bf = 150 mm Width flange
tf1 = 20 mm Thickness flange, top
tf2 = 20 mm Thickness flange, bottom
Wy = 684192 mm³ Section modulus major axis
Wz = 150000 mm³ Section modulus minor axis (Only flange)
A= 7680 mm² Total area (web + flange)
Material
fy = 355 N/mm² Yield strength of material
fu = 490 N/mm² Tensile strength of material
γM0 = 1.00 Safety factor
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -299.2 0.46 -1.58 0.28 -6.52 0.01
max N 309.3 -1.72 33.22 -0.12 -6.92 -0.05
min VY 29.6 -8.98 10.64 -2.84 2.56 4.39
max VY 197.7 8.98 27.38 2.81 2.68 -4.37
min VZ -152.1 3.56 -17.84 0.31 -4.44 -1.89
max VZ 307.8 -1.73 45.40 -0.14 4.80 0.55
min MT 29.6 -8.98 10.64 -2.84 2.56 4.39
max MT 197.7 8.98 27.38 2.81 2.68 -4.37
min MY -293.4 -0.05 11.18 -0.02 -10.31 0.02
max MY 307.8 -1.73 45.28 -0.14 14.51 0.92
min MZ 197.7 8.98 27.26 2.81 8.53 -6.29
max MZ 29.6 -8.98 10.52 -2.84 4.83 6.31
Resistance of Cross-Section
Normal Stress σ
due to N due to My due to Mz Sum
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
38.96 9.53 0.07 48.55 0.14 Check is satisfied
Welding Seam Properties
Flange
aw,f1 = 7 mm Weld thickness flange 1
aw,f = 14 mm Weld thickness flange total
lw,f = 150 mm Weld length flange
Aw,f = 2100 mm² Area welding seam flange
aw,w1 = 3 mm Weld thickness web 1

aw,w2 = 3 mm Weld thickness web 2 Web
aw,w = 6 mm Weld thickness web total
lw,w = 210 mm Weld length web
Aw,w = 1260 mm² Area welding seam web
βw = 0.90 Correlation coefficient

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor for connections
fw,d = 435.56 N/mm² Design resistance welding seam (directional)
28 | 395
Design Resistance of Butt Weld - Flange - non-through weldeded Butt Joint
Normal Stress σ⊥,f Shear Stress τ∥,f Check Directional Method

due to N due to My due to Mz Sum due to Vy due to Mt Sum σv σ⊥
Utilization Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
54.80 13.50 0.06 68.36 0.11 0.58 0.69 68.37 0.16 68.36 0.19 Check is satisfied
Design Resistance of Butt Weld - Web - DHU/DHY
σ⊥,w τ∥,w Check Directional Method

due to N due to Vz σv σ⊥
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
54.80 1.25 54.84 0.13 54.80 0.16 Check is satisfied
6.3 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Upper Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
29 | 395
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -132.5 -2.46 -0.49 -0.78 2.67 2.10
max N 38.0 6.25 1.47 1.07 1.33 -5.02
min VY 21.4 -7.58 8.22 0.15 2.83 1.25
max VY 19.3 7.92 8.58 -0.15 2.99 -1.30
min VZ -103.7 5.33 -8.45 -0.45 -3.81 -3.26
max VZ 19.3 7.92 8.58 -0.15 2.99 -1.30
min MT -33.2 -4.27 -4.11 -1.58 -0.65 2.38
max MT -61.3 0.76 5.85 1.28 3.89 -2.12
min MY -103.7 5.33 -8.45 -0.45 -3.81 -3.26
max MY 19.4 7.92 7.81 -0.15 6.36 -4.56
min MZ 34.3 6.53 1.64 1.07 1.51 -5.18
max MZ 21.5 -7.58 7.45 0.15 6.06 4.37
Design of Bolts
0.12 0.62 2.90 3.64 0.02 0.00 11.71 7.61 19.32 0.08 0.07
0.37 1.56 3.98 5.91 0.03 9.50 5.83 18.19 33.52 0.13 0.12
2.06 1.90 0.56 4.51 0.02 5.35 12.41 4.53 22.29 0.09 0.08
2.15 1.98 0.56 4.68 0.02 4.83 13.11 4.71 22.65 0.09 0.09
2.11 1.33 1.67 5.12 0.02 0.00 16.71 11.81 28.52 0.11 0.10
2.15 1.98 0.56 4.68 0.02 4.83 13.11 4.71 22.65 0.09 0.09
1.03 1.07 5.88 7.97 0.04 0.00 2.85 8.62 11.47 0.05 0.07
1.46 0.19 4.76 6.41 0.03 0.00 17.06 7.68 24.74 0.10 0.10
2.11 1.33 1.67 5.12 0.02 0.00 16.71 11.81 28.52 0.11 0.10
1.95 1.98 0.56 4.49 0.02 4.85 27.89 16.52 49.27 0.19 0.16
0.41 1.63 3.98 6.02 0.03 8.58 6.62 18.77 33.97 0.13 0.12
1.86 1.90 0.56 4.32 0.02 5.38 26.58 15.83 47.79 0.19 0.15

Cross Section
Material
30 | 395
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -132.5 -2.46 -0.49 -0.78 2.67 2.10
max N 38.0 6.25 1.47 1.07 1.33 -5.02
min VY 21.4 -7.58 8.22 0.15 2.83 1.25
max VY 19.3 7.92 8.58 -0.15 2.99 -1.30
min VZ -103.7 5.33 -8.45 -0.45 -3.81 -3.26
max VZ 19.3 7.92 8.58 -0.15 2.99 -1.30
min MT -33.2 -4.27 -4.11 -1.58 -0.65 2.38
max MT -61.3 0.76 5.85 1.28 3.89 -2.12
min MY -103.7 5.33 -8.45 -0.45 -3.81 -3.26
max MY 19.4 7.92 7.81 -0.15 6.36 -4.56
min MZ 34.3 6.53 1.64 1.07 1.51 -5.18
max MZ 21.5 -7.58 7.45 0.15 6.06 4.37
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange



31 | 395

[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
6.4 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Lower Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -56.4 5.28 6.02 0.41 2.44 -0.02
max N 95.7 -6.45 3.68 -0.25 7.06 2.33
min VY 69.5 -8.26 -4.86 0.01 -1.25 3.98
max VY 69.0 8.27 -4.87 0.01 -1.29 -4.00
min VZ 20.3 -4.47 -7.04 -1.11 -4.38 1.87
max VZ 18.4 3.73 6.78 0.71 4.77 0.26
min MT 15.8 -3.04 -6.16 -1.11 -1.57 0.49
max MT 25.0 0.16 0.88 0.78 1.72 -0.19
min MY 20.3 -4.47 -7.04 -1.11 -4.38 1.87
max MY 18.5 6.09 6.01 0.71 7.40 -1.76
min MZ -36.8 7.41 4.05 0.37 4.26 -4.39
max MZ -32.7 -6.72 3.87 -0.37 4.10 4.10
32 | 395
Design of Bolts
1.51 1.32 1.52 4.35 0.02 0.00 10.70 0.07 10.77 0.04 0.05
0.92 1.61 0.93 3.46 0.02 23.93 30.96 8.44 63.33 0.25 0.19
1.22 2.07 0.04 3.32 0.02 17.38 5.48 14.42 37.28 0.15 0.12
1.22 2.07 0.04 3.32 0.02 17.25 5.66 14.49 37.40 0.15 0.12
1.76 1.12 4.13 7.01 0.03 5.08 19.21 6.78 31.06 0.12 0.12
1.70 0.93 2.64 5.27 0.02 4.60 20.92 0.94 26.46 0.10 0.10
1.54 0.76 4.13 6.43 0.03 3.95 6.89 1.78 12.61 0.05 0.07
0.22 0.04 2.90 3.16 0.01 6.25 7.54 0.69 14.48 0.06 0.06
1.76 1.12 4.13 7.01 0.03 5.08 19.21 6.78 31.06 0.12 0.12
1.50 1.52 2.64 5.67 0.03 4.63 32.46 6.38 43.46 0.17 0.15
1.01 1.85 1.38 4.24 0.02 0.00 18.68 15.91 34.59 0.14 0.12
0.97 1.68 1.38 4.02 0.02 0.00 17.98 14.86 32.84 0.13 0.11
6.4.2 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seam

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -56.4 5.28 6.02 0.41 2.44 -0.02
max N 95.7 -6.45 3.68 -0.25 7.06 2.33
min VY 69.5 -8.26 -4.86 0.01 -1.25 3.98
max VY 69.0 8.27 -4.87 0.01 -1.29 -4.00
min VZ 20.3 -4.47 -7.04 -1.11 -4.38 1.87
max VZ 18.4 3.73 6.78 0.71 4.77 0.26
min MT 15.8 -3.04 -6.16 -1.11 -1.57 0.49
max MT 25.0 0.16 0.88 0.78 1.72 -0.19
min MY 20.3 -4.47 -7.04 -1.11 -4.38 1.87
max MY 18.5 6.09 6.01 0.71 7.40 -1.76
min MZ -36.8 7.41 4.05 0.37 4.26 -4.39
max MZ -32.7 -6.72 3.87 -0.37 4.10 4.10
33 | 395
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
34 | 395
6.5 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Inner Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -35.3 11.07 28.75 0.74 5.89 1.57
max N 152.6 8.91 -12.12 0.05 -5.08 -3.74
min VY -33.3 -10.72 27.53 -0.72 5.83 -1.57
max VY -35.3 11.07 28.75 0.74 5.89 1.57
min VZ 139.1 -9.92 -17.91 -0.12 -10.42 4.47
max VZ -35.3 11.07 28.75 0.74 5.89 1.57
min MT 45.1 -1.32 17.08 -2.93 8.01 0.10
max MT 56.8 2.93 16.50 2.54 7.70 0.55
min MY 139.4 9.91 -17.90 0.11 -10.42 -4.48
max MY -35.3 11.07 28.17 0.74 24.67 -5.73
min MZ -35.3 11.07 28.17 0.74 24.67 -5.73
max MZ -33.2 -10.72 26.95 -0.72 23.81 5.50
Design of Bolts
4.79 1.85 2.00 8.63 0.04 0.00 16.01 4.85 20.85 0.08 0.10
2.02 1.49 0.13 3.64 0.02 25.43 13.80 11.54 50.78 0.20 0.16
4.59 1.79 1.94 8.32 0.04 0.00 15.84 4.85 20.69 0.08 0.10
4.79 1.85 2.00 8.63 0.04 0.00 16.01 4.85 20.85 0.08 0.10
2.99 1.65 0.32 4.96 0.02 23.18 28.32 13.80 65.29 0.26 0.21
4.79 1.85 2.00 8.63 0.04 0.00 16.01 4.85 20.85 0.08 0.10
2.85 0.22 7.90 10.97 0.05 7.52 21.77 0.31 29.59 0.12 0.13
2.75 0.49 6.85 10.09 0.05 9.47 20.92 1.70 32.09 0.13 0.14
2.98 1.65 0.30 4.93 0.02 23.23 28.32 13.83 65.38 0.26 0.21
4.70 1.85 2.00 8.54 0.04 0.00 67.04 17.69 84.72 0.33 0.28
4.70 1.85 2.00 8.54 0.04 0.00 67.04 17.69 84.72 0.33 0.28
4.49 1.79 1.94 8.22 0.04 0.00 64.70 16.98 81.68 0.32 0.27
35 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -35.3 11.07 28.75 0.74 5.89 1.57
max N 152.6 8.91 -12.12 0.05 -5.08 -3.74
min VY -33.3 -10.72 27.53 -0.72 5.83 -1.57
max VY -35.3 11.07 28.75 0.74 5.89 1.57
min VZ 139.1 -9.92 -17.91 -0.12 -10.42 4.47
max VZ -35.3 11.07 28.75 0.74 5.89 1.57
min MT 45.1 -1.32 17.08 -2.93 8.01 0.10
max MT 56.8 2.93 16.50 2.54 7.70 0.55
min MY 139.4 9.91 -17.90 0.11 -10.42 -4.48
max MY -35.3 11.07 28.17 0.74 24.67 -5.73
min MZ -35.3 11.07 28.17 0.74 24.67 -5.73
max MZ -33.2 -10.72 26.95 -0.72 23.81 5.50
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
Flange


36 | 395


[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
37 | 395
6.6 Finite Element Verification

To verify the load capacity of the connection an additional FEM analysis is performed.
6.6.1 Finite Element Model

The analysis is based on the guidance of the DIN EN 1993-1 [3]. The analysis is performed using
the ANSYS Workbench 18.0 Software package [10].
Applied Finite Elements
The finite element model of the main steel structure consists of:
• Bodies: 64
• Nodes: 235156
• Elements: 52222
Materials
In following tables, the material properties for all steel elements are listed according to DIN EN
1993 [3].
Steel Parts Steel Elastic Modulus Yield Strength
Thickness Type [MPa] [MPa]
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Table 1: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 211)
38 | 395
Components of Analysis Model
Connection Plates Beam Plates Canopy Connection Plates 3

Thickness: 20 mm, S355 Thickness: 20 mm, S355 Thickness: 25 mm, S355
Plate 2 Canopy Connection Plates 1

Thickness: 20 mm, S355 Thickness: 10 mm, S355
Canopy Connection Plates 2

Thickness: 20 mm, S355
Plate 1
Connection Plates Stiffener Plates Beam

Thickness: 35 mm, S355 Thickness: 20 mm, S355 SHS 180 x 180 x 6.3, S355
Figure 9: Components of Detail 211
39 | 395
Finite Element Mesh

In the following figure the Finite Element Mesh is shown.
Figure 10: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 211)
Contact Types
Contacts considered between single parts are all applied to be bonded.
Supports
The Figure below shows the support which is applied to the FE-Model.
40 | 395
Figure 11: Fixed Support of the Connection Detail 211
6.6.2 Applied Loads in Finite Element Model

For the detail analysis the section forces of the secondary truss are considered based on the
structural design report of SL Rasch [7]. The maximum and minimum section forces out of all the
load cases are taken and applied to the detail. The following load cases are decisive and
therefore taken into consideration:
• LC 3110: 0.9 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Wind Load (S max)
• LC 8200: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Roof Live Load + 0.8 x Wind Load (P max)
For the calculation an additional Finite Element Factor of 1.3125 is applied to the load cases to
be on safe side. The applied loads refer to the local axis.
41 | 395
LC 3110 - Max. Utilization Level in Canopy

POS N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
AR-TG -152.1 3.56 -17.84 0.31 -4.44 -1.89
AE,r-TG -103.7 5.33 -8.45 -0.45 -3.81 -3.26
AE,r-BG 74.4 8.13 -5.59 0.05 -2.2 -4.09
AE,l-TG -105.9 0.72 -7.44 1.04 -3.18 -1.23
AE,l-BG 92.6 6.7 -6.83 0.71 -2.75 -2.82
AE,r-in 139.4 9.91 -17.89 0.11 -10.42 -4.48
AE,l-in 24.7 1.12 -13.45 2.16 -3.82 0.39
C,pm -15.9 0.03 -32.95 0.59 57.17 0.02
C,pr -1.5 -0.23 -17.24 0.06 21.48 -0.3
C,pl -1.4 -0.03 -17.21 -0.03 20.9 -0.1
C,gr -1.4 -0.17 -17.16 0.06 20.66 -0.29
C,gl -1.4 -0.06 -17.13 -0.03 20.59 -0.13
Table 2: Applied Loads (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level Canopy)
The following figures show the position of the applied loads in this load case. The loads are all
applied at once, but for a better visualization, the loads are displayed according to visibility.
Figure 12: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
42 | 395
Figure 13: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
43 | 395
LC3110 - Max. My
The applied loads refer to the local axis.
AR-TG -152 -3.57 -17.84 -0.32 -4.44 1.89
AE,r-TG -106.1 -0.71 -7.44 -1.04 -3.18 1.22
AE,r-BG 92.4 -6.7 -6.83 -0.72 -2.76 2.82
AE,l-TG -103.5 -5.33 -8.45 0.45 -3.81 3.25
AE,l-BG 74.6 -8.13 -5.58 -0.05 -2.19 4.09
AE,r-in 25 -1.12 -13.44 -2.17 -3.82 -0.4
AE,l-in 139.1 -9.91 -17.9 -0.12 -10.42 4.47
C,pm -15.8 0 -33.09 0.43 57.21 0.16
C,pr -1.4 -0.02 -17.14 0.03 21.31 0.07
C,pl -1.5 0.17 -17.16 -0.06 20.82 0.26
C,gr -1.4 0.05 -17.13 0.03 20.6 0.11
C,gl -1.4 0.16 -17.16 -0.06 20.65 0.27
Table 3: Applied Loads (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My)
Figure 14: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My)
44 | 395
Figure 15: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My)
45 | 395
LC 8200 - Max. N
AR-TG 307.7 -1.73 45.28 -0.14 14.51 0.92
AE,r-TG 8.6 -6.3 7.02 0.23 6.01 3.39
AE,r-BG -33 -3.34 3.97 -0.24 4.35 2.5
AE,l-TG 10.1 3.37 6.46 -0.5 5.66 -1.22
AE,l-BG -42.1 -3.74 4.54 -0.12 4.59 0.85
AE,r-in 5.6 -8.03 26.74 -0.27 23.55 4.6
AE,l-in 60.3 2.65 24.63 -0.81 20.41 -2.61
C,pm 15 0 24.71 -0.33 -41.91 0.07
C,pr 1.2 0.09 13.18 -0.03 -16.02 0.14
C,pl 1.2 0.03 13.16 0.03 -15.6 0.03
C,gr 1.2 0.07 13.2 -0.02 -15.54 0.15
C,gl 1.2 0.04 13.19 0.03 -15.51 0.03
Table 4: Applied Loads (Detail 211) - LC 8200
Figure 16: Applied Loads (1a, Detail 211) - LC 8200
46 | 395
Figure 17: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 211) - LC 8200
47 | 395
6.6.3 Analysis Results

The assessment of this detail is performed on the following basis:
• General assumptions according to EN 1993-1-5: Table C.1 [3] for plastic resistance in
ULS
• Compact Element providing sufficient stability allowing redistribution of the stresses EN
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]
• Bilinear- Material behavior according to EN 1993-1-5: C.2 [3]
Evaluation of Stresses
• For the applied loads yielding of the material occurs. This is very locally.
Evaluation of Strains
• The resultant strains are as sum of the elastic and plastic part.
The design of this detail is performed by evaluating the strains. It is proven that strains are
below 5% at each part, which is in accordance to the EN 1993-1-5:C.8 [3].
Evaluation Criteria Reference Design Criteria Check

Yielding Locally (< 25%) EN 1993-1-5: C.8 Fulfilled
Strains < 5% EN 1993-1-5: C.8 Fulfilled
Table 5: Design Criteria Check - Detail 211
48 | 395
LC 3110 - Max. Utilization Level in Canopy
Figure 18: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
49 | 395
Figure 19: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
50 | 395
Figure 20: Total Deformation (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
51 | 395
LC 3110 - Max. My (Local y-Direction)
Figure 21: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My)
52 | 395
Figure 22: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My)
53 | 395
Figure 23: Total Deformation (Detail 211) - LC 3110 (Max. My)
54 | 395
LC 8200 - Max. Normal Force
Figure 24: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 211) - LC 8200
55 | 395
Figure 25: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 211) - LC 8200
56 | 395
Figure 26: Total Deformation (Detail 211) - LC 8200
57 | 395
7 Detail 212
7.1 General
This chapter contains the design of detail 212.
AT-037 / AT-033
AE-011 (Upper Chord)
AT-037 / AT-033
AE-011 (Inner Chord)
AE-011 (Lower Chord)
58 | 395
7.2 Design of Connection Detail AT-037

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -566.7 8.31 125.58 1.73 -47.54 7.49
max N 382.2 -2.47 43.73 -3.81 -32.46 1.40
min VY -503.4 -10.67 118.57 -2.28 -44.43 -9.48
max VY -249.8 10.90 93.74 2.69 -32.29 9.86
min VZ -106.1 0.19 10.78 0.31 -3.40 -1.53
max VZ -492.3 -7.25 141.63 -2.46 -50.56 -6.01
min MT 304.4 -3.62 42.95 -4.14 -48.92 -3.86
max MT 301.4 4.19 41.58 3.93 -48.64 3.94
min MY 281.6 4.56 49.31 3.48 -56.34 2.13
max MY -106.1 0.19 10.78 0.31 -3.40 -1.53
min MZ -196.1 -7.88 96.22 -2.58 -31.42 -9.81
max MZ -169.3 7.87 95.36 2.60 -30.55 10.01
59 | 395
Design of Bolts
20.93 1.39 5.05 27.36 0.13 0.00 140.65 23.12 163.77 0.64 0.59
7.29 0.41 11.12 18.82 0.09 63.70 96.04 4.32 164.06 0.65 0.55
19.76 1.78 6.65 28.19 0.13 0.00 131.45 29.26 160.71 0.63 0.58
15.62 1.82 7.85 25.29 0.12 0.00 95.53 30.43 125.96 0.50 0.47
1.80 0.03 0.90 2.73 0.01 0.00 10.06 4.72 14.78 0.06 0.05
23.61 1.21 7.18 31.99 0.15 0.00 149.59 18.55 168.14 0.66 0.62
7.16 0.60 12.08 19.84 0.09 50.73 144.73 11.91 207.38 0.82 0.67
6.93 0.70 11.47 19.10 0.09 50.23 143.91 12.16 206.30 0.81 0.67
8.22 0.76 10.16 19.13 0.09 46.93 166.69 6.57 220.19 0.87 0.71
1.80 0.03 0.90 2.73 0.01 0.00 10.06 4.72 14.78 0.06 0.05
16.04 1.31 7.53 24.88 0.11 0.00 92.96 30.28 123.24 0.48 0.46
15.89 1.31 7.59 24.79 0.11 0.00 90.38 30.90 121.28 0.48 0.46

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -566.7 8.31 125.58 1.73 -47.54 7.49
max N 382.2 -2.47 43.73 -3.81 -32.46 1.40
min VY -503.4 -10.67 118.57 -2.28 -44.43 -9.48
max VY -249.8 10.90 93.74 2.69 -32.29 9.86
min VZ -106.1 0.19 10.78 0.31 -3.40 -1.53
max VZ -492.3 -7.25 141.63 -2.46 -50.56 -6.01
min MT 304.4 -3.62 42.95 -4.14 -48.92 -3.86
max MT 301.4 4.19 41.58 3.93 -48.64 3.94
min MY 281.6 4.56 49.31 3.48 -56.34 2.13
max MY -106.1 0.19 10.78 0.31 -3.40 -1.53
min MZ -196.1 -7.88 96.22 -2.58 -31.42 -9.81
max MZ -169.3 7.87 95.36 2.60 -30.55 10.01
60 | 395
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
61 | 395
7.3 Design of Connection Detail of AE-011 (Upper Chord)

Bolts
A= 572,6 mm² Cross-section area
FvRd = 274,83 kN Design shear resistance
FtRd = 330,48 kN Design tension resistance
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -18.8 6.04 2.08 2.07 -1.32 3.99
max N 387.9 -11.51 -31.85 -5.98 -31.58 8.31
min VY 339.6 -13.04 -24.09 -7.08 -13.80 3.62
max VY 193.1 13.43 9.95 -1.61 -15.23 7.84
min VZ 346.2 -11.16 -32.98 -4.09 -32.20 8.00
max VZ 193.1 13.43 9.95 -1.61 -15.23 7.84
min MT 275.1 -12.64 -13.71 -8.18 -8.79 3.62
max MT 283.3 12.57 -13.71 8.20 -8.87 -3.65
min MY 346.2 -11.16 -32.98 -4.09 -32.20 8.00
max MY -7.2 4.73 -0.07 3.30 -0.13 0.39
min MZ 295.0 12.50 -23.62 3.34 -23.03 -9.87
max MZ 237.5 -13.01 -23.43 -2.34 -22.16 10.63
Design of Bolts
0.52 1.51 8.31 10.34 0.04 0.00 5.69 14.89 20.58 0.06 0.08
7.96 2.88 24.01 34.85 0.13 96.98 136.12 31.01 264.10 0.80 0.70
6.02 3.26 28.43 37.71 0.14 84.90 59.48 13.51 157.89 0.48 0.48
2.49 3.36 6.46 12.31 0.04 48.28 65.65 29.25 143.18 0.43 0.35
8.25 2.79 16.42 27.46 0.10 86.55 138.79 29.85 255.19 0.77 0.65
2.49 3.36 6.46 12.31 0.04 48.28 65.65 29.25 143.18 0.43 0.35
3.43 3.16 32.84 39.43 0.14 68.78 37.89 13.51 120.17 0.36 0.40
3.43 3.14 32.92 39.49 0.14 70.83 38.23 13.62 122.68 0.37 0.41
8.25 2.79 16.42 27.46 0.10 86.55 138.79 29.85 255.19 0.77 0.65
0.02 1.18 13.25 14.45 0.05 0.00 0.56 1.46 2.02 0.01 0.06
5.91 3.13 13.41 22.44 0.08 73.75 99.27 36.83 209.85 0.63 0.54
5.86 3.25 9.40 18.51 0.07 59.38 95.52 39.66 194.56 0.59 0.49
62 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -18.8 6.04 2.08 2.07 -1.32 3.99
max N 387.9 -11.51 -31.85 -5.98 -31.58 8.31
min VY 339.6 -13.04 -24.09 -7.08 -13.80 3.62
max VY 193.1 13.43 9.95 -1.61 -15.23 7.84
min VZ 346.2 -11.16 -32.98 -4.09 -32.20 8.00
max VZ 193.1 13.43 9.95 -1.61 -15.23 7.84
min MT 275.1 -12.64 -13.71 -8.18 -8.79 3.62
max MT 283.3 12.57 -13.71 8.20 -8.87 -3.65
min MY 346.2 -11.16 -32.98 -4.09 -32.20 8.00
max MY -7.2 4.73 -0.07 3.30 -0.13 0.39
min MZ 295.0 12.50 -23.62 3.34 -23.03 -9.87
max MZ 237.5 -13.01 -23.43 -2.34 -22.16 10.63
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange


63 | 395


[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
7.4 Design of Connection Detail of AE-011 (Lower Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
64 | 395
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -628.3 -14.11 -49.50 10.67 -29.82 7.95
max N 34.3 12.43 -0.26 -4.71 -1.44 3.92
min VY -476.9 -38.90 -33.90 15.36 -35.53 36.42
max VY -476.9 38.86 -33.94 -15.34 -35.58 -36.37
min VZ -628.1 12.98 -50.49 -10.71 -52.88 -14.30
max VZ -265.4 -5.12 10.29 3.37 -16.41 -4.14
min MT -363.7 35.19 -21.70 -15.70 -14.16 -15.60
max MT -364.3 -35.63 -21.81 15.81 -14.29 15.76
min MY -595.4 -28.11 -49.25 14.29 -53.55 26.70
max MY -77.1 -3.44 -8.26 -1.13 7.25 -3.12
min MZ -476.9 38.86 -33.94 -15.34 -35.58 -36.37
max MZ -476.9 -38.90 -33.90 15.36 -35.53 36.42
Design of Bolts
12.38 3.53 41.10 57.00 0.21 0.00 118.33 29.66 148.00 0.45 0.53
0.07 3.11 18.14 21.32 0.08 8.58 5.71 14.63 28.92 0.09 0.14
8.48 9.73 59.17 77.37 0.28 0.00 140.99 135.90 276.89 0.84 0.88
8.49 9.72 59.09 77.29 0.28 0.00 141.19 135.71 276.90 0.84 0.88
12.62 3.25 41.26 57.12 0.21 0.00 209.84 53.36 263.20 0.80 0.78
2.57 1.28 12.98 16.83 0.06 0.00 65.12 15.45 80.57 0.24 0.24
5.43 8.80 60.48 74.70 0.27 0.00 56.19 58.21 114.40 0.35 0.52
5.45 8.91 60.90 75.26 0.27 0.00 56.71 58.81 115.51 0.35 0.52
12.31 7.03 55.05 74.39 0.27 0.00 212.50 99.63 312.13 0.94 0.95
2.07 0.86 4.35 7.28 0.03 0.00 28.77 11.64 40.41 0.12 0.11
8.49 9.72 59.09 77.29 0.28 0.00 141.19 135.71 276.90 0.84 0.88
8.48 9.73 59.17 77.37 0.28 0.00 140.99 135.90 276.89 0.84 0.88

Cross Section
Material
65 | 395
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -628.3 -14.11 -49.50 10.67 -29.82 7.95
max N 34.3 12.43 -0.26 -4.71 -1.44 3.92
min VY -476.9 -38.90 -33.90 15.36 -35.53 36.42
max VY -476.9 38.86 -33.94 -15.34 -35.58 -36.37
min VZ -628.1 12.98 -50.49 -10.71 -52.88 -14.30
max VZ -265.4 -5.12 10.29 3.37 -16.41 -4.14
min MT -363.7 35.19 -21.70 -15.70 -14.16 -15.60
max MT -364.3 -35.63 -21.81 15.81 -14.29 15.76
min MY -595.4 -28.11 -49.25 14.29 -53.55 26.70
max MY -77.1 -3.44 -8.26 -1.13 7.25 -3.12
min MZ -476.9 38.86 -33.94 -15.34 -35.58 -36.37
max MZ -476.9 -38.90 -33.90 15.36 -35.53 36.42
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange



66 | 395

[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
7.5 Design of Connection Detail of AE-011 (Inner Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -255.4 4.85 31.82 -1.89 -3.09 7.21
max N 110.8 -10.77 5.11 3.54 -9.54 -3.83
min VY -54.4 -20.93 -40.42 11.96 -74.59 22.29
max VY -107.7 38.47 32.82 -4.35 5.69 16.15
min VZ -130.5 7.70 -46.66 -12.03 -87.32 -10.63
max VZ -162.8 36.06 33.77 -3.18 9.71 17.64
min MT -112.8 10.25 -44.53 -12.49 -59.50 -7.61
max MT -92.0 -10.36 -36.00 12.48 -54.73 7.70
min MY -130.0 7.60 -46.45 -12.14 -87.47 -10.57
max MY -216.3 24.00 30.07 -1.69 26.58 4.91
min MZ -54.5 20.93 -40.37 -11.95 -74.54 -22.27
max MZ -54.4 -20.93 -40.42 11.96 -74.59 22.29
67 | 395
Design of Bolts
5.30 0.81 4.50 10.62 0.05 0.00 7.57 20.37 27.94 0.11 0.13
0.85 1.80 8.44 11.08 0.05 18.47 23.38 10.82 52.67 0.21 0.20
6.74 3.49 28.50 38.73 0.18 0.00 182.82 62.97 245.78 0.97 0.87
5.47 6.41 10.37 22.25 0.10 0.00 13.95 45.62 59.57 0.23 0.27
7.78 1.28 28.67 37.73 0.17 0.00 214.02 30.03 244.05 0.96 0.86
5.63 6.01 7.58 19.22 0.09 0.00 23.80 49.83 73.63 0.29 0.30
7.42 1.71 29.77 38.90 0.18 0.00 145.83 21.50 167.33 0.66 0.65
6.00 1.73 29.74 37.47 0.17 0.00 134.14 21.75 155.89 0.61 0.61
7.74 1.27 28.93 37.94 0.17 0.00 214.39 29.86 244.25 0.96 0.86
5.01 4.00 4.03 13.04 0.06 0.00 65.15 13.87 79.02 0.31 0.28
6.73 3.49 28.48 38.70 0.18 0.00 182.70 62.91 245.61 0.97 0.87
6.74 3.49 28.50 38.73 0.18 0.00 182.82 62.97 245.78 0.97 0.87

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -255.4 4.85 31.82 -1.89 -3.09 7.21
max N 110.8 -10.77 5.11 3.54 -9.54 -3.83
min VY -54.4 -20.93 -40.42 11.96 -74.59 22.29
max VY -107.7 38.47 32.82 -4.35 5.69 16.15
min VZ -130.5 7.70 -46.66 -12.03 -87.32 -10.63
max VZ -162.8 36.06 33.77 -3.18 9.71 17.64
min MT -112.8 10.25 -44.53 -12.49 -59.50 -7.61
max MT -92.0 -10.36 -36.00 12.48 -54.73 7.70
min MY -130.0 7.60 -46.45 -12.14 -87.47 -10.57
max MY -216.3 24.00 30.07 -1.69 26.58 4.91
min MZ -54.5 20.93 -40.37 -11.95 -74.54 -22.27
max MZ -54.4 -20.93 -40.42 11.96 -74.59 22.29
68 | 395
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
69 | 395
7.6 Design of Strut Connection

7.6.1 Design of Pin
Design of Pins - according to EN 1993-1-8
Connection Parameters
Diameter pin d= 45 mm Thickness middle plate b = 25 mm

Clearance ∆d = 3 mm Thickness outer plates a = 20 mm
Diameter hole d0 = 48 mm Gap between plates c= 2 mm
Section modulus WEl = 8.946 cm³
Materials
Steel plates fy = 355 N/mm² yM0 = 1.0

Steel bolt fyb = 640 fub = 800 N/mm² yM2 = 1.25
Actions
Normal force FEd = 415.2 kN MEd = 3.79 kNm
Values of Resistance
Ultimate shearing force Fv,Rd = 611 kN

Ultimate bearing force middle plate Fb,Rd = 599 kN
Ultimate bearing force outer plates Fb,Rd = 479 kN
Ultimate resistance moment MRd = 8.6 kNm
Proofs
Shearing
Force per gap: Fv,Ed = 208 kN = 0.34 < 1 OK
Bearing
Middle plate: Fb,Ed = 415 kN = 0.69 < 1 OK
Outer plates: Fb,Ed = 208 kN = 0.43 < 1 OK
Bending pin
= 0.44 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.31 < 1 OK
70 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B
middle min a = 55.4 mm middle min t = 23.9 mm

min c = 39.4 mm outer min t = 16.9 mm
max d0 = 59.8 mm
outer min a = 46.6 mm 1.6 x d0 = 76.8 mm
min c = 30.6 mm 2.5 x d0 = 120 mm
71 | 395


• Bodies: 46
• Nodes: 101351
• Elements: 25435
Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
72 | 395
Stiffeners Connection Plates

Stiffeners Beam Plates
Connection Plate
Plates
Connection Plates
Stiffener
Plates Thickness: 25 mm, S355
Joint Plates
Thickness: 25 mm,
Column AC-002/AC-006 Stiffener S355
RHS 250 x 150 x 16, S355 Thickness: 20 mm,
S355
Figure 28: Components of Connection Detail 212
73 | 395
Finite Element Mesh

Contact Types
74 | 395
Supports

• LC 6200: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.0 x Earthquake Load in y-direction
• LC 8800: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Roof Live Load + 0.8 x Wind Load 30° neg
• LC 7600: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.2 x Temperature Load + 0.5 x Roof Live Load
be on safe side.
75 | 395
LC 6200 - Max. N + Mz
AT-TG 381.1 2.42 43.99 3.81 -51.88 -0.34
AT-BG -565.7 -8.3 125.47 -1.73 -47.48 -7.51
AE,l-TG 127.7 8.82 4 2.76 -5.55 5.23
AE,l-BG -113.3 -8.45 0.08 6 -2.72 -7.37
AE,r-TG 333.9 -6.6 -20.67 -7.05 -21.58 3.68
AE,r-BG -476.9 38.86 -33.94 -15.34 -35.58 -36.37
AE,l-in -33.4 3.88 33.08 -6.04 -50.6 1.16
AE,r-in -54.4 20.93 -40.37 -11.95 -74.54 -22.27
Diagonal AE,l 88.4 -0.03 -0.14 0.22 0 0
Diagonal AE,r 240.2 0.03 -0.14 -0.6 0 0
76 | 395
77 | 395
LC 8800 - Max. Vz
AT-TG 281.7 4.56 49.31 3.48 -56.34 2.13
AT-BG -492.3 -7.25 141.63 -2.46 -50.56 -6.01
AE,l-TG 235.6 9.74 6.34 0.87 -11.05 5.38
AE,l-BG -271.9 -6.28 2.62 4.09 -8.29 -3.92
AE,r-TG 382.4 -11.37 -31.68 -5.95 -31.35 8.21
AE,r-BG -614.3 28.15 -46.2 -14.51 -48.35 -25.58
AE,l-in -119 6.1 32.78 -10.09 -60.97 3.43
AE,r-in -130.4 7.7 -46.66 -12.03 -87.32 -10.63
Diagonal AE,l 346.1 0 -0.14 -0.67 0 0
Diagonal AE,r 164.9 0 -0.14 0.09 0 0
78 | 395
79 | 395
LC 8200 - Max. Mt + My
AT-TG 280.2 4.57 49.87 3.43 -55.7 2.13
AT-BG -492.4 -7.32 140.93 -2.42 -50.5 -6.15
AE,l-TG 234.2 9.84 6.45 0.85 -11.04 5.51
AE,l-BG -269.2 -5.59 1.91 4.07 -7.42 -3.54
AE,r-TG 387.9 -11.51 -31.85 -5.98 -31.58 8.31
AE,r-BG -625.4 27.84 -47.58 -14.56 -49.96 -25.5
AE,l-in -117.7 6.66 32.84 -10.06 -60.76 3.89
AE,r-in -130 7.6 -46.44 -12.14 -87.47 -10.57
Diagonal AE,l 163.4 0 -0.14 0.09 0 0
Diagonal AE,r 348.6 0 -0.14 -0.67 0 0
80 | 395
81 | 395
LC 7600 - Max. Utilization Column AC-002/ AC-006

AT-TG 268.4 3.83 40.23 3.67 -45.7 1.87
AT-BG -457.8 -6.27 109.19 -1.6 -40.67 -5.53
AE,l-TG 97.9 8.77 5.66 1.59 -6.09 6.13
AE,l-BG -109.3 -1.7 -7.59 4.39 6.87 -1.7
AE,r-TG 350.6 -11.42 -23.21 -6.48 -24.01 8.09
AE,r-BG -595.3 28.07 -49.25 -14.28 -53.55 -26.66
AE,l-in -70 8.83 30.87 -6.11 -45.01 5.84
AE,r-in -92.2 10.32 -36.39 -12.47 -71.37 -12.42
Diagonal AE,l 78.4 0 -0.14 0.15 0 0
Diagonal AE,r 257.7 0 -0.14 -0.66 0 0
82 | 395
83 | 395

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

84 | 395
LC 6200 - Max. N + Mz
85 | 395
86 | 395
87 | 395
LC 8800 - Max. Vz
88 | 395
89 | 395
90 | 395
LC 8200 - Max. Mt + My
91 | 395
92 | 395
93 | 395
LC 7600 - Max. Utilization Column AC-002/AC-006
94 | 395
95 | 395
96 | 395
8 Detail 213
8.1 General
97 | 395
8.2 Design of PL 004

Classification of Pl -004 based on EN 1993-1-1 Chapter 5.5, Table 5.2 [3]:
• Web:
c/t = 480 mm/6 mm = 80.0 < 124 x ε = 124 x 0.81 = 100.4
-> Class 3
• Flange:
c/t = 90 mm/6 mm = 15.0 < 14 x ε = 14 x 0.81 = 11.3
-> not satisfied -> Class 4
For the total section the most unfavorable class is chosen -> Class 4
Using EN 1991-1-1 5.5.2 (9) a class 4 section can be treated as class 3 section if the following
criteria is met:
• Flange:
c/t = 90 mm/6 mm = 15.0 < 14 x ε x

= 14 x 0.81 sqrt(355N/mm²/1.0/40.7N/mm²)
= 33.5
-> can be treated as Class 3
98 | 395
Structural Design of C-Profil according to EN 1993-1-1

a= 480 mm Height plate

b= 90 mm Thickness plate
t1 = 6 mm
t2 = 6 mm
Wz = 28053 mm³ Section modulus minor axis
A= 3888 mm² Area
γ= 1.00 Safety factor
Actions
N= 1.4 kN Normal force

Vy = 0.14 kN Shear force major axis
Vz = 23.43 kN Shear force minor axis
Mt = 0.77 kNm Torsional moment
My = 16.54 kNm Moment y-axis
Mz = 0.13 kNm Moment z-axis
Stresses & Proof
Normalstress Shearstress
due to N due to Vy
σ= 0,36 N/mm² N/A τ= 0,04 N/mm² V/A
due to My due to Vz
σ= 35,47 N/mm² M/W τ= 6,03 N/mm² V/A
due to Mz Sum
σ= 4,63 N/mm² M/W τ= 6,06 N/mm²
Sum Vergleichspannung
σ= 40,46 N/mm² σv = 41,80 N/mm²
η= 0,11 η= 0,12
99 | 395
8.3 Design of Bolts

Design of bolts is carried out with small values on the safe side. Bolt size, class and hole
distances might have to be increased if geometrically necessary or due to choice of thermal
separation product.

Bolts
fyb = 900 N/mm² Yield strength for 10.9
fub = 1000 N/mm² Tensile strength for 10.9
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -2.1 0.11 -17.42 -0.71 10.96 0.17
max N 1.6 0.04 13.25 0.54 -8.53 -0.02
min VY 0.2 -0.26 2.04 0.01 -2.37 -0.29
max VY 0.5 0.32 4.23 0.12 -0.65 0.08
min VZ -1.3 0.08 -22.81 -0.50 18.45 0.07
max VZ 1.1 0.01 17.95 -0.21 -25.41 -0.01
min MT -1.3 0.13 -22.77 -0.79 17.03 0.12
max MT -0.3 0.13 14.06 0.57 -9.55 0.14
min MY 1.1 0.01 17.95 -0.21 -25.41 -0.01
max MY -1.3 0.02 -22.54 0.42 32.73 0.04
min MZ -1.2 -0.25 -14.62 0.00 17.62 -0.43
max MZ 1.2 0.26 13.56 0.04 -15.90 0.45
Design of Bolts
4.36 0.03 1.17 5.56 0.03 0.00 22.83 0.46 23.30 0.09 0.09
3.31 0.01 0.89 4.22 0.02 0.40 17.77 0.05 18.23 0.07 0.07
0.51 0.07 0.02 0.59 0.00 0.05 4.94 0.79 5.78 0.02 0.02
1.06 0.08 0.20 1.34 0.01 0.13 1.35 0.22 1.70 0.01 0.01
5.70 0.02 0.83 6.55 0.03 0.00 38.44 0.19 38.63 0.15 0.14
4.49 0.00 0.35 4.84 0.02 0.28 52.94 0.03 53.24 0.21 0.17
5.69 0.03 1.31 7.03 0.03 0.00 35.48 0.33 35.81 0.14 0.13
3.52 0.03 0.94 4.49 0.02 0.00 19.90 0.38 20.28 0.08 0.08
4.49 0.00 0.35 4.84 0.02 0.28 52.94 0.03 53.24 0.21 0.17
5.64 0.01 0.69 6.33 0.03 0.00 68.19 0.11 68.30 0.27 0.22
3.66 0.06 0.00 3.72 0.02 0.00 36.71 1.17 37.88 0.15 0.12
3.39 0.07 0.07 3.52 0.02 0.30 33.13 1.22 34.65 0.14 0.11
100 | 395
8.4 Design of Thermal Separation

To ensure thermal separation between canopy and main steel structure a typical product is
assumed for the design.
Product:
Farrat Structural Thermal Breaks
Type: Farrat TBK
Design is carried out according to the data sheet of the product [12].
For the maximum compressive stress applied on the thermal break conservatively the max. bolt
forces are used.
This compressive force is applied on an effective area at the flange. Taking into consideration
the thickness of the flange tf,b, thickness of the end plate tp and width of the flange bb.
101 | 395
Figure 52: Material Properties Thermal Separation Product [12]
The required strength fcd = 22.74 N/mm² is smaller than the design value for FARRAT TBK fcd =
250 N/mm².
-> The check is satisfied.
102 | 395
8.5 Design of Connection Plate
Figure 53: Position of Connection Plate
Structural Design of Connection Plate according to EN 1993-1-1

h= 300 mm Height plate

t= 15 mm Thickness plate
A= 4500 mm² Area
Actions

Vy = 0.32 kN Shear force major axis
Vz = 22.81 kN Shear force minor axis
Mt = 0.79 kNm Torsional moment
My = 32.73 kNm Moment y-axis
Mz = 0.45 kNm Moment z-axis
103 | 395
Stresses & Proof
Normal-stress Shear-stress
due to N due to Vy
σ= 0.47 N/mm² N/A τ= 0.07 N/mm² V/A
due to My due to Vz
σ= 145.47 N/mm² M/W τ= 5.07 N/mm² V/A
due to Mz Sum
σ= 40.00 N/mm² M/W τ= 5.14 N/mm²
Sum von Mises-stress

σ= 185.93 N/mm² σv = 186.15 N/mm²
η= 0.52 η= 0.52
104 | 395

8.6.1 Plate Profile
Finite Element Model

8.6.1.1.1 Applied Elements
• Bodies: 5
• Nodes: 25473
• Elements: 4343
8.6.1.1.2 Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Table 12: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 213, Plate Profile)
8.6.1.1.3 Components of Analysis Model
Edge Truss AE 010-012

SHS 180 x 180 x 6.3
S355
Connection Plate
Thickness: 20 mm,
S355
Plate Profile
Thickness: 10 mm,
S355
Edge Truss AE 010-012

SHS 180 x 180 x 6.3
S355
Figure 54: Components of Detail 213, Plate Profile
105 | 395
8.6.1.1.4 Finite Element Mesh

Figure 55: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 213, Plate Profile)
8.6.1.1.5 Contact Types

8.6.1.1.6 Supports
106 | 395
Figure 56: Fixed Support of Detail 213, Plate Profile
Applied Loads in Finite Element Model

For the detail analysis the section forces of the beams are considered based on the structural
design report of SL Rasch [7]. The maximum and minimum section forces out of all the load
cases are taken and applied to the detail. The following load cases are decisive and therefore
taken into consideration:
• LC 3400: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Wind Load -y neg + 0.5 x Roof Live Load
The segment length of the 3D model of the canopy detail is around 0.40 m. Therefore, the
section forces from the element at the distance of 0.30 m are on safe side. The following figures
show the load positions.
be on safe side.
8.6.1.2.1 LC 3110 - Max. Utilization Level in Canopy

N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
-1.3 0.04 -22.61 0.42 25.82 0.05
Table 13: Applied Loads (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110
107 | 395
Figure 57: Applied Loads (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110
8.6.1.2.1 LC 3400 - Max. Mz

N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
1.2 0.26 13.39 0.04 -11.88 0.37
Table 14: Applied Loads (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400
108 | 395
Figure 58: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400
Analysis Results
ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

Table 15: Design Criteria Check - Detail 213 - Plate Profile
109 | 395
8.6.1.3.1 LC 3110 - Max. Utilization Level in Canopy
Figure 59: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110
Figure 60: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110
110 | 395
Figure 61: Total Deformation (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3110
8.6.1.3.2 LC 3400 - Max. Mz
Figure 62: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400
111 | 395
Figure 63: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400
Figure 64: Total Deformation (Detail 213, Plate Profile) - LC 3400
112 | 395
8.6.2 C-Profile
Finite Element Model

8.6.2.1.1 Applied Elements
• Bodies: 2
• Nodes: 28566
• Elements: 5442
8.6.2.1.2 Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Table 16: Material of all Steel Parts (Detail 213, C-Profile)
8.6.2.1.3 Components of Analysis Model
Connection Plate
Thickness: 20 mm,
S355
C-Profile
Thickness: 6 mm,
S355
Figure 65: Components of Detail 213, C-Profile
8.6.2.1.4 Finite Element Mesh

113 | 395
Figure 66: Finite Element Mesh (Detail 213, C-Profile)
8.6.2.1.5 Contact Types

8.6.2.1.6 Supports
Figure 67: Fixed Support of Detail 213, C-Profile
Applied Loads in Finite Element Model

114 | 395
be on safe side.
8.6.2.2.1 Max. Vz + My
POS N Vz
[kN] [kN]
CB,l 10 0.05
CB,r 10.2 -0.11
Table 17: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)
In addition to the reaction forces a wind load and a lateral force are also considered:
Wind Suction Lateral Force Vz
[MPa] [kN]
1.79E-01 -3.29
Table 18: Other Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)
Figure 68: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)
115 | 395
8.6.2.2.2 Max. Utilization Level in C-Profile

POS N Vz
[kN] [kN]
CB,l 10.1 -0.11
CB,r 9.9 0.05
Table 19: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization)
Wind Suction Lateral Force Vz
[MPa] [kN]
1.79E-01 -3.26
Table 20: Other Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization)
Figure 69: Applied Loads (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
Analysis Results
ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]
116 | 395

Table 21: Design Criteria Check - Detail 213 - C-Profile
8.6.2.3.1 Max. Vz + My
Figure 70: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)
117 | 395
Figure 71: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)
118 | 395
Figure 72: Total Deformation (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Vz + My)
8.6.2.3.2 Max. Utilization Level in C-Profile
Figure 73: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
119 | 395
Figure 74: Equivalent v.Mises Stress (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
120 | 395
Figure 75: Total Deformation (Detail 213, C-Profile) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization Level)
121 | 395
9 Detail 214
9.1 General
Bolt Connection
Pin Connection
122 | 395
9.2 Design of Bolt

Bolts
Geometry
e2 = 27.5 mm Edge distance
ls = 82.5 mm Lever arm minor direction
yi = 32.5 mm Distance y
Ip = 23237.5 mm² Polar moment of inertia
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -381.8 0.09 10.59 -0.39 4.18 -1.04
max N 390.9 0.15 0.23 -0.41 10.79 -0.43
min VY 27.6 -14.34 64.05 -7.06 -29.9 -12.69
max VY 63.6 15.35 61.71 7.41 -27.85 12.43
min VZ 87.7 -4.08 -83.94 -3.99 -29.2 1.48
max VZ 85.8 -4.04 86.31 -3.97 -37.8 -1.95
min MT 29.8 -13.93 -60.65 -7.26 2.62 5.16
max MT 65.2 14.89 -57.47 7.6 3.12 -4.39
min MY 220.4 3.16 73.59 -0.92 -60.87 1.24
max MY -143.4 0.26 43.05 -0.65 30.19 0.2
min MZ 147.3 9.61 -45.95 -0.55 -37.97 -16.07
max MZ 147.1 -10.35 -45.94 0.5 -37.98 17.58
Design of Bolts
1.77 0.02 1.22 3.00 0.01 0.00 11.61 4.20 15.81 0.06 0.06
0.04 0.03 1.28 1.35 0.01 65.15 29.97 1.74 96.86 0.38 0.28
10.68 2.39 22.08 35.14 0.16 4.60 83.06 51.27 138.93 0.55 0.55
10.29 2.56 23.17 36.02 0.17 10.60 77.36 50.22 138.18 0.54 0.55
13.99 0.68 12.48 27.15 0.13 14.62 81.11 5.98 101.71 0.40 0.41
14.39 0.67 12.42 27.47 0.13 14.30 105.00 7.88 127.18 0.50 0.48
10.11 2.32 22.70 35.13 0.16 4.97 7.28 20.85 33.09 0.13 0.25
9.58 2.48 23.77 35.83 0.16 10.87 8.67 17.74 37.27 0.15 0.27
12.27 0.53 2.88 15.67 0.07 36.73 169.08 5.01 210.83 0.83 0.66
7.18 0.04 2.03 9.25 0.04 0.00 83.86 0.81 84.67 0.33 0.28
7.66 1.60 1.72 10.98 0.05 24.55 105.47 64.93 194.95 0.77 0.60
7.66 1.73 1.56 10.95 0.05 24.52 105.50 71.03 201.05 0.79 0.62
123 | 395
9.3 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seams

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -381.8 0.09 10.59 -0.39 4.18 -1.04
max N 390.9 0.15 0.23 -0.41 10.79 -0.43
min VY 27.6 -14.34 64.05 -7.06 -29.9 -12.69
max VY 63.6 15.35 61.71 7.41 -27.85 12.43
min VZ 87.7 -4.08 -83.94 -3.99 -29.2 1.48
max VZ 85.8 -4.04 86.31 -3.97 -37.8 -1.95
min MT 29.8 -13.93 -60.65 -7.26 2.62 5.16
max MT 65.2 14.89 -57.47 7.6 3.12 -4.39
min MY 220.4 3.16 73.59 -0.92 -60.87 1.24
max MY -143.4 0.26 43.05 -0.65 30.19 0.2
min MZ 147.3 9.61 -45.95 -0.55 -37.97 -16.07
max MZ 147.1 -10.35 -45.94 0.5 -37.98 17.58
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
124 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
125 | 395
9.4 Design of Pin


Materials

Actions

Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.78 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.9 < 1 OK
126 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 74.8 mm
min c = 38.8 mm 2.5 x d0 = 120 mm
127 | 395
10 Detail 215
10.1 General
10.2 Design of the Connection

Since the design of AE-011 and the triangle member is satisfied [7] and the thickness of the
member is not reduced, an extra calculation of this position is not needed.
128 | 395
11 Detail 216
11.1 General
This chapter contains the verification of detail 216.

AT-035 (Upper Chord)

AR - 022 (Upper Chord)
AT-035 (Lower Chord)

AC-003
AR-022 (Lower Chord)
129 | 395
11.2 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AR-022

11.2.1 Design of Pins (AR-022 (Upper Chord))

Section modulusWEl = 25.736 cm³
Materials

Actions
Normal force FEd = 1142 kN MEd = 15.4 kNm

Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.62 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.6 < 1 OK
130 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 99.3 mm
outer min a = 71.5 mm 1.6 x d0 = 107 mm
min c = 49.1 mm 2.5 x d0 = 168 mm
11.2.2 Design of Pins (AR-022 (Lower Chord))

Normal force is split on both pins.
FEd = 1280.7 kN / 2 = 640.4 kN.

Materials

Actions

131 | 395
Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.35 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.19 < 1 OK
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 74.3 mm
min c = 37.4 mm 2.5 x d0 = 168 mm
132 | 395
11.2.3 Design of Plate (AR-022 (Upper and Lower Chord))
Structural Design of Outer Plate according to EN 1993-1-1

Lex = 120 mm Eccentricity hole - end of plate

A= 7500 mm² Area
Actions

Vz = 116.3 kN Shear force major axis
Vy = 55.17 kN Shear force minor axis
Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
MEd = 6620.4 kNmm Force minor axis x Eccentricity
σ = 176.54 N/mm² M/W
Stress due to N/Vz x1/2 for outer plate

~ NEd = 187.02 kN sqrt(N²+Vz²)
σ= 24.94 N/mm² N/A
Stress due to Vz x1/2 for outer plate

MEd = 6978 kNmm Force major axis x Eccentricity
σ= 22.33 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 223.81 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.63
133 | 395
11.3 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AT-035

11.3.1 Design of Plate


A= 7500 mm² Area
Actions

Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
σ = 176.54 N/mm² M/W

σ= 24.94 N/mm² N/A

σ= 22.33 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 223.81 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.63
134 | 395
11.3.2 Design of Pins

Diameter pin d= 64 mm Thickness middle plate b= 40 mm

Clearance ∆d = 3 mm Thickness outer plates a= 30 mm
Materials

Actions

Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.74 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.84 < 1 OK
135 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 107.8 mm
min c = 54.0 mm 2.5 x d0 = 167.5 mm
11.4 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AE-012 (Upper Chord)



A= 3600 mm² Area
Actions

136 | 395
Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
σ = 151.40 N/mm² M/W

σ= 74.57 N/mm² N/A

MEd = 50.4 kNmm Force major axis x Eccentricity
σ= 0.47 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 226.44 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.64


Materials

Actions

137 | 395
Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.67 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.68 < 1 OK
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 71.2 mm
min c = 36.7 mm 2.5 x d0 = 120 mm
138 | 395
11.5 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AE-012 (Lower Chord)



A= 5400 mm² Area
Actions

Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
σ= 66.27 N/mm² M/W

σ= 15.47 N/mm² N/A

σ= 0.28 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 82.02 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.23
139 | 395


Materials

Actions

Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.55 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.46 < 1 OK
140 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 92.9 mm
min c = 45.8 mm 2.5 x d0 = 168 mm
11.6 Design of Connection of AC-003 with AE-012 (Inner Chord)



A= 5000 mm² Area
Actions

141 | 395
Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
σ = 244.22 N/mm² M/W

σ= 12.52 N/mm² N/A

σ= 8.29 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 265.03 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.75


Materials

Actions
Ultimate shearing force Fv,Rd = 610.7 kN

Ultimate bearing force middle plate Fb,Rd = 718.9 kN
Ultimate bearing force outer plates Fb,Rd = 479.3 kN
142 | 395
Proofs
Shearing
Force per gap: Fv,Ed = 90.9 kN = 0.149 < 1 OK
Bearing
Outer plates: Fb,Ed = 90.9 kN = 0.190 < 1 OK
Bending pin
= 0.21 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.06 < 1 OK
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 39.6 mm
min c = 22.4 mm 2.5 x d0 = 120 mm


143 | 395
Materials

Actions

Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.74 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.82 < 1 OK
144 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 74.8 mm
min c = 38.8 mm 2.5 x d0 = 120 mm


• Bodies: 19
• Nodes: 102961
• Elements: 21613
Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Table 22: Material of all Steel Parts (Except Bolts, Detail 216)
145 | 395

Joint Plate 4
Stiffener Plate 3,4 Thickness: 30 mm, S355
Steel Plate (Top + Bottom)

Steel Plate (Connection)

Steel Plate (Sides)
Joint Plate 3
Stiffener Plate 1
Stiffener Plate 2
Thickness: 35 mm, S355 Joint Plate 2
Column AC-003/AC-005
Joint Plate 1
Welded 550 x 400 x 35, S355
Finite Element Mesh

146 | 395
Contact Types
Supports
147 | 395
Figure 81: Fixed Support of Detail 216

• LC 6100: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.0 x Earthquake Load in x-direction
• LC 8800: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Roof Live Load + 0.8 x Wind Load (30° neg)
be on safe side.
148 | 395
LC 6100 - Min. N + Max. Utilization Level of Column AC-003

POS N Vy Vz Mt
[kN] [kN] [kN] [kNm]
AR,r-TG 1141.5 3.85 -59.44 -10.45
AR,r-BG -2561.4 11.5 -54.16 -12.37
AT-TG 622.2 -33.25 129.61 12.8
AT-BG -1104.2 19.24 17.92 9
AE,t-TG 313.6 12.51 3.73 10.29
AE,r-TG 272.6 -0.06 -2.15 -3.4
AE,t-BG -436.2 0.73 0.69 18.73
AE,r-BG -343 4.46 0.09 -5.57
AE,t-in 59,6 9,7 9,27 12,24
AE,r-in 44.5 10.63 -3.41 -0.89
Diagonal AE,r 152.7 0.02 -0.14 -0.31
Diagonal AE,t 313.3 -0.02 -0.12 1.07
Diagonal AR,r 473.9 0 -0.1 0.55
Diagonal AE,tv -191.7 -0.04 0.2 0.75
149 | 395
150 | 395
LC 8800 - Max. Vz
POS N Vy Vz Mt
AR,r-TG 792.2 0.72 -68.14 -10.93
AR,r-BG -1731.8 11.22 -65.93 -13.81
AT-TG 559.4 8.39 158.5 -3.81
AT-BG -1280.4 -7.01 26.07 -4.41
AE,t-TG 571.2 14.41 2.84 8.91
AE,r-TG 162.1 3.54 -5.17 2.21
AE,t-BG -920.5 1.55 1.37 17.27
AE,r-BG -507.2 3.8 -2.39 -0.92
AE,t-in 34.4 13.42 1.27 8.63
AE,r-in 1.8 13.43 7.78 10.47
Diagonal AE,r 244.4 0 -0.14 0.38
Diagonal AE,t 527.8 0 -0.13 0.85
Diagonal AR,r 474.3 0 -0.09 0.33
Diagonal AE,tv -329.1 0 0.2 0.29
151 | 395
152 | 395
LC 6200 - Max. Mt + Vy
POS N Vy Vz Mt
AR,r-TG -25 1.09 -38.53 11.31
AR,r-BG -174.4 -8.22 -33.22 13.62
AT-TG 355.5 -55.12 116.27 20.42
AT-BG -920.1 34.93 21.09 17.54
AE,r-TG -82.2 1.88 -5.54 0.95
AE,t-TG 528.6 -11.88 0.89 -6.14
AE,r-BG -125.6 0.08 -2.52 1.93
AE,t-BG -934.8 -2.5 0.5 -10.83
AE,r-in -13.4 -0.28 -9.14 0.36
AE,t-in 34.7 -11.02 -4.36 -4.31
Diagonal AE,r 96.3 0.01 -0.13 0.11
Diagonal AE,t 429.9 -0.01 -0.14 -0.42
Diagonal AR,r 278.1 -0.01 -0.08 -0.12
Diagonal AE,tv -338.6 0.03 0.2 0.12
153 | 395
154 | 395

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

LC 6100 - Min. N + Max Utilization Level of Column AC-003
Figure 88: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 216) - LC 6100
155 | 395
Figure 89: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 216) - LC 8800
Figure 90: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 216) - LC 8800
156 | 395
LC 8800 - Max. Vz
157 | 395
LC 6200 -Max Vz
158 | 395
159 | 395
12 Detail 217
12.1 General
160 | 395
12.2 Design of Section

The outer beams connecting the tips of the canopy profiles are designed as IPE 80 profiles.
As they mainly receive normal forces, stability is the main design criteria.
• Mel,y,Rd = 7.1 kNm
• max My,Ed = 0.24 kNm -> Negligible
Buckling Check
Maximum compressive normal force:
Nmin = -10.2 kN
Profile: U 100
• iz = 14.7 mm
• A = 1350 mm²
Buckling length
• Lcr = 2.75 m
• λ̅ = 2750 mm / (14.5 mm x 76.4) = 2.448
• Buckling curve c -> α = 0.49
• Φ = 0.5 x [1 + 0.49 x (2.448 - 0.2) + 2.448²] = 3.048
• Χ = 1 / [3.048 + SQRT(3.048² - 2.448²)] = 0.2055
• Nb,Rd = 0.2055 x 1350mm² x 355 N/mm² / 1.1 = 89.55 kN
Nmin < Nb,Rd -> check is satisfied
161 | 395
12.3 Design of Bolts

For the check of the bolt connected to the web of the IPE beam shear resistance of the bolt and
bearing resistance of the IPE web are investigated according to EN 1993-1-8.
Shear Resistance
Maximum shear force for single bolt:
• Nmax = 10.2 kN
Bolt shear resistance for M12 10.9 (class on safe side)
• Fv,Rd = 54.2 kN
• Fv,Ed = 11.2 kN < Fv,Rd = 54.2 kN -> check is satisfied
Bearing Stress
Bearing resistance minimum thickness for Pl-001:
▪ Fb,Rd = 2.5 x 1.0 x 490 N/mm² x 12 mm x 6 mm / 1.25 = 70.56 kN
▪ FEd = 10.2 kN < Fb,Rd = 70.56 kN -> check is satisfied
Tension
Tensile strength for M12 10.9
▪ Ft,Rd = 42.5 kN
▪ Ft,Ed = 11.2 kN / 2 = 5.6 kN < Ft,Rd = 42.5 kN -> check is satisfied
162 | 395
13 Detail 218
13.1 General
13.2 Design of the Connection

The acting forces in strut detail 218 are equal to those of detail 219. Due to this fact, the design
of detail 219 is also valid for 218.
163 | 395
14 Detail 219
14.1 General
This chapter contains the verification of Detail 219.
AC-004
AR-023 (Upper Chord)

AR-023 (Lower Chord)
164 | 395
14.2 Design of Connection AC-004 with AR-023

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -341.5 0.30 -41.54 0.14 -26.59 -0.31
max N 198.9 0.19 -17.75 0.02 -13.66 0.14
min VY -157.5 -16.25 -26.58 -0.48 -15.02 12.90
max VY -189.3 16.83 -21.97 0.74 -13.81 -13.79
min VZ -332.9 0.29 -41.64 0.08 -27.72 -0.26
max VZ 37.2 -0.67 9.00 0.11 7.23 0.45
min MT 55.0 5.95 -19.18 -0.63 -6.21 -4.65
max MT 76.0 4.88 -20.06 2.37 -10.75 -1.96
min MY -332.9 0.29 -41.64 0.08 -27.72 -0.26
max MY 37.2 -0.67 8.97 0.11 8.13 0.52
min MZ -189.3 16.83 -21.97 0.74 -13.81 -13.79
max MZ -157.5 -16.25 -26.58 -0.48 -15.02 12.90
Design of Bolts
6.92 0.05 0.42 7.40 0.03 0.00 83.09 0.96 84.05 0.33 0.27
2.96 0.03 0.06 3.05 0.01 33.15 42.69 0.43 76.27 0.30 0.23
4.43 2.71 1.45 8.59 0.04 0.00 46.94 40.00 86.94 0.34 0.28
3.66 2.81 2.24 8.71 0.04 0.00 43.16 42.76 85.92 0.34 0.28
6.94 0.05 0.24 7.23 0.03 0.00 86.63 0.81 87.43 0.34 0.28
1.50 0.11 0.33 1.94 0.01 6.20 22.59 1.40 30.19 0.12 0.09
3.20 0.99 1.91 6.10 0.03 9.17 19.41 14.42 42.99 0.17 0.15
3.34 0.81 7.18 11.34 0.05 12.67 33.59 6.08 52.34 0.21 0.20
6.94 0.05 0.24 7.23 0.03 0.00 86.63 0.81 87.43 0.34 0.28
1.50 0.11 0.33 1.94 0.01 6.20 25.41 1.61 33.22 0.13 0.10
3.66 2.81 2.24 8.71 0.04 0.00 43.16 42.76 85.92 0.34 0.28
4.43 2.71 1.45 8.59 0.04 0.00 46.94 40.00 86.94 0.34 0.28
165 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -341.5 0.30 -41.54 0.14 -26.59 -0.31
max N 198.9 0.19 -17.75 0.02 -13.66 0.14
min VY -157.5 -16.25 -26.58 -0.48 -15.02 12.90
max VY -189.3 16.83 -21.97 0.74 -13.81 -13.79
min VZ -332.9 0.29 -41.64 0.08 -27.72 -0.26
max VZ 37.2 -0.67 9.00 0.11 7.23 0.45
min MT 55.0 5.95 -19.18 -0.63 -6.21 -4.65
max MT 76.0 4.88 -20.06 2.37 -10.75 -1.96
min MY -332.9 0.29 -41.64 0.08 -27.72 -0.26
max MY 37.2 -0.67 8.97 0.11 8.13 0.52
min MZ -189.3 16.83 -21.97 0.74 -13.81 -13.79
max MZ -157.5 -16.25 -26.58 -0.48 -15.02 12.90
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
166 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
167 | 395
14.3 Design of Connection of AC-004 with AE-012 (Upper Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
hr = 32.5 mm Distance lowest bolt to flange
h= 117.5 mm Lever arm major direction
zi = 37.5 mm Distance z
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -36.6 17.20 -4.37 6.95 3.46 9.52
max N 210.9 11.21 18.37 4.04 -15.58 11.03
min VY -4.3 -21.82 -4.26 -6.69 6.46 -21.76
max VY -4.3 21.80 -4.25 6.69 6.46 21.75
min VZ -4.6 -21.82 -4.94 -6.69 4.76 -13.68
max VZ 187.6 -14.56 20.99 -3.83 -18.27 -15.47
min MT 124.5 -15.14 6.33 -7.45 -4.56 -11.44
max MT -26.6 17.93 -3.02 7.09 4.26 16.43
min MY 187.6 -14.56 20.99 -3.83 -18.27 -15.47
max MY -4.3 -21.82 -4.26 -6.69 6.46 -21.76
min MZ -4.3 -21.82 -4.26 -6.69 6.46 -21.76
max MZ -4.3 21.80 -4.25 6.69 6.46 21.75
Design of Bolts
1.09 4.30 25.31 30.70 0.14 0.00 14.72 34.62 49.34 0.19 0.28
4.59 2.80 14.71 22.11 0.10 52.73 66.30 40.11 159.13 0.63 0.55
1.07 5.46 24.36 30.88 0.14 0.00 27.49 79.13 106.62 0.42 0.44
1.06 5.45 24.36 30.88 0.14 0.00 27.49 79.09 106.58 0.42 0.44
1.24 5.46 24.36 31.05 0.14 0.00 20.26 49.75 70.00 0.28 0.34
5.25 3.64 13.95 22.84 0.11 46.90 77.74 56.25 180.90 0.71 0.61
1.58 3.79 27.13 32.50 0.15 31.13 19.40 41.60 92.13 0.36 0.41
0.76 4.48 25.82 31.06 0.14 0.00 18.13 59.75 77.87 0.31 0.36
5.25 3.64 13.95 22.84 0.11 46.90 77.74 56.25 180.90 0.71 0.61
1.07 5.46 24.36 30.88 0.14 0.00 27.49 79.13 106.62 0.42 0.44
1.07 5.46 24.36 30.88 0.14 0.00 27.49 79.13 106.62 0.42 0.44
1.06 5.45 24.36 30.88 0.14 0.00 27.49 79.09 106.58 0.42 0.44
168 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -36.6 17.20 -4.37 6.95 3.46 9.52
max N 210.9 11.21 18.37 4.04 -15.58 11.03
min VY -4.3 -21.82 -4.26 -6.69 6.46 -21.76
max VY -4.3 21.80 -4.25 6.69 6.46 21.75
min VZ -4.6 -21.82 -4.94 -6.69 4.76 -13.68
max VZ 187.6 -14.56 20.99 -3.83 -18.27 -15.47
min MT 124.5 -15.14 6.33 -7.45 -4.56 -11.44
max MT -26.6 17.93 -3.02 7.09 4.26 16.43
min MY 187.6 -14.56 20.99 -3.83 -18.27 -15.47
max MY -4.3 -21.82 -4.26 -6.69 6.46 -21.76
min MZ -4.3 -21.82 -4.26 -6.69 6.46 -21.76
max MZ -4.3 21.80 -4.25 6.69 6.46 21.75
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
169 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
170 | 395
14.4 Design of Connection of AC-004 with AE-012 (Lower Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -359.0 -11.00 25.56 -1.75 -11.38 -5.84
max N 174.2 2.51 -12.68 7.12 10.40 1.38
min VY -108.1 -18.87 -0.50 8.19 -0.96 -13.62
max VY -206.7 23.25 -2.83 -9.23 0.79 18.04
min VZ 174.1 0.01 -13.27 7.12 4.75 0.83
max VZ -248.4 -10.21 26.73 -2.73 -22.45 -7.65
min MT -206.7 23.25 -2.83 -9.23 0.79 18.04
max MT -108.1 -18.87 -0.50 8.19 -0.96 -13.62
min MY -329.5 -10.33 26.56 -1.59 -22.76 -9.58
max MY 174.2 2.51 -12.68 7.12 10.40 1.38
min MZ -108.1 -18.87 -0.50 8.19 -0.96 -13.62
max MZ -206.7 23.25 -2.83 -9.23 0.79 18.04
171 | 395
Design of Bolts
6.39 2.75 6.37 15.51 0.07 0.00 48.43 21.24 69.66 0.27 0.27
3.17 0.63 25.93 29.73 0.14 43.55 44.26 5.02 92.82 0.37 0.40
0.13 4.72 29.83 34.67 0.16 0.00 4.09 49.53 53.61 0.21 0.31
0.71 5.81 33.61 40.13 0.18 0.00 3.36 65.60 68.96 0.27 0.38
3.32 0.00 25.93 29.25 0.13 43.53 20.21 3.02 66.76 0.26 0.32
6.68 2.55 9.94 19.18 0.09 0.00 95.53 27.82 123.35 0.49 0.43
0.71 5.81 33.61 40.13 0.18 0.00 3.36 65.60 68.96 0.27 0.38
0.13 4.72 29.83 34.67 0.16 0.00 4.09 49.53 53.61 0.21 0.31
6.64 2.58 5.79 15.01 0.07 0.00 96.85 34.84 131.69 0.52 0.44
3.17 0.63 25.93 29.73 0.14 43.55 44.26 5.02 92.82 0.37 0.40
0.13 4.72 29.83 34.67 0.16 0.00 4.09 49.53 53.61 0.21 0.31
0.71 5.81 33.61 40.13 0.18 0.00 3.36 65.60 68.96 0.27 0.38

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -359.0 -11.00 25.56 -1.75 -11.38 -5.84
max N 174.2 2.51 -12.68 7.12 10.40 1.38
min VY -108.1 -18.87 -0.50 8.19 -0.96 -13.62
max VY -206.7 23.25 -2.83 -9.23 0.79 18.04
min VZ 174.1 0.01 -13.27 7.12 4.75 0.83
max VZ -248.4 -10.21 26.73 -2.73 -22.45 -7.65
min MT -206.7 23.25 -2.83 -9.23 0.79 18.04
max MT -108.1 -18.87 -0.50 8.19 -0.96 -13.62
min MY -329.5 -10.33 26.56 -1.59 -22.76 -9.58
max MY 174.2 2.51 -12.68 7.12 10.40 1.38
min MZ -108.1 -18.87 -0.50 8.19 -0.96 -13.62
max MZ -206.7 23.25 -2.83 -9.23 0.79 18.04
172 | 395
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
173 | 395
14.5 Design of Connection of AC-004 with AE-012 (Inner Chord)

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -247.6 5.85 17.46 -0.37 -15.52 2.57
max N 145.8 3.47 7.68 2.79 -13.01 4.10
min VY -132.3 -12.09 42.33 -10.54 -44.40 -10.28
max VY -131.9 12.07 42.46 10.58 -44.55 10.24
min VZ -153.5 -5.76 -6.01 10.33 -3.07 -1.88
max VZ -35.7 1.26 46.64 -10.01 -53.14 2.50
min MT -7.7 -8.58 7.38 -13.52 -20.64 -8.52
max MT 37.8 -1.50 44.43 12.82 -48.33 -2.31
min MY -2.9 1.93 46.62 -10.23 -53.57 3.21
max MY -153.2 -5.76 -4.52 10.33 -0.75 -4.43
min MZ -132.3 -12.09 42.33 -10.54 -44.40 -10.28
max MZ -131.9 12.07 42.46 10.58 -44.55 10.24
Design of Bolts
2.91 0.98 0.98 4.86 0.02 0.00 41.39 7.97 49.36 0.19 0.16
1.28 0.58 7.36 9.22 0.04 24.30 34.69 12.71 71.71 0.28 0.24
7.06 2.02 27.80 36.87 0.17 0.00 118.40 31.88 150.28 0.59 0.59
7.08 2.01 27.91 36.99 0.17 0.00 118.80 31.75 150.55 0.59 0.59
1.00 0.96 27.25 29.21 0.13 0.00 8.19 5.83 14.02 0.06 0.17
7.77 0.21 26.40 34.39 0.16 0.00 141.71 7.75 149.46 0.59 0.58
1.23 1.43 35.66 38.32 0.18 0.00 55.04 26.42 81.46 0.32 0.41
7.41 0.25 33.81 41.47 0.19 6.30 128.88 7.16 142.34 0.56 0.59
7.77 0.32 26.98 35.07 0.16 0.00 142.85 9.95 152.81 0.60 0.59
0.75 0.96 27.25 28.96 0.13 0.00 2.00 13.74 15.74 0.06 0.18
7.06 2.02 27.80 36.87 0.17 0.00 118.40 31.88 150.28 0.59 0.59
7.08 2.01 27.91 36.99 0.17 0.00 118.80 31.75 150.55 0.59 0.59
174 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -247.6 5.85 17.46 -0.37 -15.52 2.57
max N 145.8 3.47 7.68 2.79 -13.01 4.10
min VY -132.3 -12.09 42.33 -10.54 -44.40 -10.28
max VY -131.9 12.07 42.46 10.58 -44.55 10.24
min VZ -153.5 -5.76 -6.01 10.33 -3.07 -1.88
max VZ -35.7 1.26 46.64 -10.01 -53.14 2.50
min MT -7.7 -8.58 7.38 -13.52 -20.64 -8.52
max MT 37.8 -1.50 44.43 12.82 -48.33 -2.31
min MY -2.9 1.93 46.62 -10.23 -53.57 3.21
max MY -153.2 -5.76 -4.52 10.33 -0.75 -4.43
min MZ -132.3 -12.09 42.33 -10.54 -44.40 -10.28
max MZ -131.9 12.07 42.46 10.58 -44.55 10.24
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
175 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
176 | 395

14.6.1 Design of Pin

Materials

Actions

Proofs
Shearing
Force per gap: Fv,Ed = 76.5 kN = 0.348 < 1 OK
Bearing
Outer plates: Fb,Ed = 76.5 kN = 0.355 < 1 OK
Bending pin
= 0.6 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.48 < 1 OK
177 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 36.3 mm
min c = 17.2 mm 2.5 x d0 = 75 mm



• Bodies: 55
• Nodes: 155584
• Elements: 31286
Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
178 | 395

Radial Beam Plates 1
Thickness: 40 mm, S355 Outer/Inner Edge Beam Steel
Plates,Thickness: 20 mm, S355
Joint Plate 1
Plates
Radial Beam
Connection Plates
Joint Plate 3
Radial Beam Plates 2

Thickness: 20 mm,
Inner Edge Beam S355
Connection Plate
Outer Edge Beam Connection

Plates
Stiffener Plates Thickness: 35 mm, S355
Joint Plate 2 Thickness: 20 mm,
S355
Column AC-004
RHS 450 x 250 x 16, S355
Figure 100: Components of Connection Detail 219
179 | 395
Finite Element Mesh

Contact Types
Supports
180 | 395

• LC 3200: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Wind Load (P max) + 0.5 x Roof Live Load
• LC 3400: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Wind Load -y neg + 0.5 x Roof Live Load
be on safe side.
181 | 395
LC 3200 - Min. Normal Force

AR-OG 150.4 0.15 -20.98 0.04 -15.76 -0.09
AR-UG -243.1 0.01 -31.23 0.07 -21.38 -0.05
AE,r-OG 170.7 15.49 19.78 3.88 -17.87 16.59
AE,l-OG 170.8 -15.47 19.8 -3.87 -17.89 -16.59
AE,r-UG -358.5 12.89 26.33 1.76 -22.64 11.02
AE,l-UG -358.8 -12.91 26.36 -1.75 -22.67 -11.04
AE,r-in -47.9 6.84 -0.07 10.32 -9.51 7.75
AE,l-in -47.5 -6.87 0.08 -10.29 -9.71 -7.79
Diagonal AE,r,tv -14.5 0 -0.15 0.37 0 0
Diagonal AE,r 161.4 0 -0.13 0.57 0 0
Diagonal AR 128.8 0 -0.06 0 0 0
Diagonal AE,l 161.5 0 -0.13 -0.57 0 0
Diagonal AE,l,tv -14.6 0 -0.15 -0.37 0 0
182 | 395
183 | 395
LC 3110 - Min. Mz
AR-TG -94.9 0.04 -11.68 0.01 -4.81 -0.02
AR-BG -57.4 0.01 -1.15 0.02 1.75 -0.02
AE,r-TG -4.3 -21.82 -4.26 -6.69 6.46 -21.76
AE,l-TG -4.3 21.8 -4.25 6.69 6.46 21.75
AE,r-BG 174.2 -2.51 -12.68 -7.12 10.39 -1.37
AE,l-BG 174.2 2.51 -12.68 7.11 10.4 1.38
AE,r-in -100.8 -11.25 40.68 -12.62 -40.19 -9.97
AE,l-in -100.7 11.24 40.7 12.61 -40.22 9.95
Diagonal AE,r,tv -19.2 0 -0.11 -0.64 0 0
Diagonal AE,r -64.6 0 -0.1 -0.86 0 0
Diagonal AR 53.2 0 -0.05 0 0 0
Diagonal AE,l -64.6 0 -0.1 0.86 0 0
Diagonal AE,l,tv -19.2 0 -0.11 0.64 0 0
184 | 395
185 | 395
LC 3400 - Min. My
AR-TG -11.3 0.07 -18.4 0.01 -9.44 0.07
AR-BG -70.9 -3.07 -5.24 -0.03 -1.6 0.18
AE,l-TG 15.4 14.18 3.21 6.19 -0.45 12.54
AE,r-TG 26.4 -14.75 3.92 -6.27 -1.2 -12.92
AE,l-BG -87.8 -18.84 -4.37 8.03 2.96 -13.46
AE,r-BG -109 18.69 -0.5 -8.13 -0.97 13.48
AE,l-in -9.6 -2.6 45.74 10.01 -52.08 -3.47
AE,r-in -2.8 1.94 46.62 -10.23 -53.56 3.21
Diagonal AE,l,tv 50.7 0 -0.15 0.58 0 0
Diagonal AE,l -36.7 0 -0.13 0.66 0 0
Diagonal AR 111.2 0 -0.06 0 0 0
Diagonal AE,r,tv 44.6 0 -0.15 -0.6 0 0
Diagonal AE,r -29.2 0 -0.13 -0.67 0 0
186 | 395
187 | 395
LC 6100 - Max. Utilization in Column AC-004

AR-TG 164.1 -1.86 -12.94 0.24 -11.03 2.42
AR-BG -247.3 -5.7 -11.69 -0.26 -10.05 4.44
AE,l-TG 141 -4.58 10.79 -0.21 -8.84 -5.21
AE,r-TG 170.6 3.65 12.82 0.03 -10.9 4.72
AE,l-BG -150.6 -11.16 8.49 1.89 -6.82 -10.07
AE,r-BG -208.1 11.15 18.66 -2.13 -17.03 10.34
AE,l-in 90.8 -1.8 10.77 -3.22 -16.44 -2.21
AE,r-in 110.8 3.84 14.12 2.88 -21.78 5.1
Diagonal AE,l,tv 8.3 -0.01 -0.15 -0.09 0 0
Diagonal AE,l 81.1 -0.03 -0.12 -0.11 0 0
Diagonal AR 83.8 -0.01 -0.08 -0.11 0 0
Diagonal AE,r,tv 1.8 0.03 -0.15 0.03 0 0
Diagonal AE,r 100.4 0.03 -0.14 0.1 0 0
188 | 395
189 | 395

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

190 | 395
LC 3200 - Min. N
191 | 395
192 | 395
193 | 395
LC 3110 - Min. Mz
194 | 395
195 | 395
196 | 395
LC 3400 - Min. My
197 | 395
198 | 395
199 | 395
LC 6100 - Max. Utilization in Column AC-004
200 | 395
201 | 395
202 | 395
15 Detail 220
15.1 General
15.2 Design of Connection

The design of this connection is according to detail 212.
203 | 395
16 Detail 221
16.1 General
204 | 395
16.2 Design of Bolts 4 x M24

Bolts
Geometry
hb = 194.8 mm Distance bolts
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -18.8 0.12 2.05 0.62 -0.13 0.00
max N 17.6 0.07 -1.29 -0.45 0.10 -0.02
min VY 4.0 -0.11 2.11 0.06 -2.29 -0.01
max VY -17.3 0.21 -9.02 0.25 2.50 0.08
min VZ -16.4 0.17 -33.05 -0.88 37.26 0.27
max VZ -2.1 0.08 26.47 0.68 -31.95 0.17
min MT -16.4 0.17 -33.05 -0.88 37.26 0.27
max MT -2.1 0.08 26.47 0.68 -31.95 0.17
min MY -2.1 0.08 26.47 0.68 -31.95 0.17
max MY -16.4 0.17 -33.05 -0.88 37.26 0.27
min MZ 3.3 0.13 0.05 0.50 -0.17 -0.08
max MZ -16.6 0.21 -33.04 -0.87 37.22 0.42
Design of Bolts
0.51 0.03 1.46 2.00 0.01 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.01
0.32 0.02 1.06 1.40 0.01 4.40 0.15 0.06 4.62 0.02 0.02
0.53 0.03 0.14 0.70 0.00 1.00 3.54 0.03 4.57 0.02 0.02
2.26 0.05 0.59 2.90 0.01 0.00 3.87 0.25 4.12 0.02 0.02
8.26 0.04 2.07 10.38 0.05 0.00 57.61 0.85 58.46 0.23 0.21
6.62 0.02 1.60 8.24 0.04 0.00 49.40 0.53 49.93 0.20 0.18
8.26 0.04 2.07 10.38 0.05 0.00 57.61 0.85 58.46 0.23 0.21
6.62 0.02 1.60 8.24 0.04 0.00 49.40 0.53 49.93 0.20 0.18
6.62 0.02 1.60 8.24 0.04 0.00 49.40 0.53 49.93 0.20 0.18
8.26 0.04 2.07 10.38 0.05 0.00 57.61 0.85 58.46 0.23 0.21
0.01 0.03 1.18 1.22 0.01 0.83 0.26 0.25 1.34 0.01 0.01
8.26 0.05 2.05 10.36 0.05 0.00 57.54 1.32 58.87 0.23 0.21
205 | 395
16.3 Design of Section U 100

The outer beams connecting the tips of the canopy profiles are designed as U 100 profiles.
As they mainly receive normal forces, stability is the main design criteria.
• Mel,y,Rd = 7.1 kNm
• Max My,Ed = 0.24 kNm
Max My,Ed < Mel,y,Rd
Buckling Check
Maximum compressive normal force:
Nmin = -10.2 kN
Profile: U 100
• iz = 14.7 mm
• A = 1350 mm²
Buckling length
• Lcr = 2.14 m
• λ̅ = 2140 mm / (14.5 mm x 76.4) = 1.932
• Buckling curve c -> α = 0.49
• Φ = 0.5 x [1 + 0.49 x (1.932 - 0.2) + 1.932²] = 2.791
• Χ = 1 / [2.791 + SQRT(2.791² - 1.932²)] = 0.208
• Nb,Rd = 0.208 x 1350mm² x 355 N/mm² / 1.1 = 90.67 kN
Nmin < Nb,Rd -> check is satisfied
206 | 395
16.4 Design of Bolts U-Profile

For the check of the bolt connected to the web of the U 100 beam shear resistance of the bolt
and bearing resistance of the U 100 web are investigated according to EN 1993-1-8.
Shear Resistance
Maximum shear force for single bolt:
• Nmax = 13.52 kN
Bolt shear resistance for M12 10.9 (class on safe side)
• Fv,Rd = 54.2 kN
Fv,Ed = 13.52 kN < Fv,Rd = 54.2 kN -> check is satisfied
Bearing Stress
Bearing resistance minimum thickness for Pl-001:
▪ Fb,Rd = 0.63 x 1.41 x 490 N/mm² x 12 mm x 6 mm / 1.25 = 25,38 kN
FEd = 13.52 kN < Fb,Rd = 25.38 kN -> check is satisfied
Tension
Tensile strength for M12 10.9
▪ Ft,Rd = 42.5 kN
Ft,Ed = 13.7 kN < Ft,Rd = 42.5 kN -> check is satisfied

207 | 395

Applied Elements
• Body: 8
• Nodes: 67323
• Elements: 12654
Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355

Connection Plate
Thickness: 25 mm,
S355
Steel Plate
Thickness: 6 mm
S355
Steel Plate
Thickness: 8 mm,
S355
Finite Element Mesh

208 | 395
Contact Types
Supports
Figure 126: Fixed Support of Detail 221

209 | 395

be on safe side.
LC 3110 - Max. Utilization Level in Canopy + Mz
POS N VY VZ MT
U-PL,r 10.4 0.02 -1.22 -0.4
U-PL,l 10.2 0.01 -1.2 -0.14
Table 34: Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz)
Wind Suction Shear Force Vz Shear Force Vy
[MPa] [kN] [kN]
1.79E-01 1.96 0.14
Table 35: Other Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz)
Figure 127: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz)
210 | 395
LC 3110 - Max. My + Mt + Vz
POS N VY VZ MT
U-PL,r 10.5 -0.01 0.3 -0.39
U-PL,l 10.3 0 0.29 -0.14
Table 36: Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz)
[MPa] [kN] [kN]
1.79E-01 1.95 0.12
Table 37: Other Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz)
Figure 128: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz)
211 | 395
LC 3110 - Min. N
POS N VY VZ MT
U-PL,r 11 0.02 -1.28 -0.39
U-PL,l 10.8 0.01 -1.26 -0.14
Table 38: Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N)
[MPa] [kN] [kN]
1.79E-01 2.05 0.12
Table 39: Other Applied Loads (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N)
Figure 129: Applied Loads in FEM-Model (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N)

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]
212 | 395

213 | 395
LC 3110 - Max. Utilization Level in Canopy + Mz
Figure 130: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz)
214 | 395
Figure 131: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz)
215 | 395
Figure 132: Total Deformation (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. Utilization, Mz)
216 | 395
LC 3110 - Max. My + Mt + Vz
Figure 133: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz)
217 | 395
Figure 134: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz)
218 | 395
Figure 135: Total Deformation (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Max. My, Mt, Vz)
219 | 395
LC 3110 - Min. N
Figure 136: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N)
220 | 395
Figure 137: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N)
221 | 395
Figure 138: Total Deformation (Detail 221) - LC 3110 (Min. N)
222 | 395
17 Detail 231
17.1 General
This chapter contains the verification of Detail 231.
AR-020 / AR - 023
AR-021 / AR-022
223 | 395
17.2 Design of Connection of AR-020/AR-023

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
Nmin/Nmax Vymin/Vymax Vzmin/Vzmax Mtmin/Mtmax Mymin/Mymax Mzmin/Mzmax

Load Case
- -337.2 -0.208 -16.3 0.2 13 -0.44
- 325 0.5 17.1 0.3 38.2 0.413
Design of Bolts
2.72 0.03 0.56 3.31 0.02 0.00 36.11 1.36 37.48 0.21 0.17
2.85 0.08 0.84 3.77 0.03 54.17 106.11 1.28 161.56 0.92 0.68
224 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -337.2 -0.208 -16.3 0.2 13 -0.44
max N 325 0.5 17.1 0.3 38.2 0.413
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
225 | 395
17.3 Design of Connection of AR-021/AR-021


Materials

Actions

Ultimate resistance moment MRd = 7 kNm
Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.47 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.34 < 1 OK
226 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 55.9 mm
min c = 27.7 mm 2.5 x d0 = 113 mm

Lex = 104.7 mm Eccentricity hole - end of plate

A= 4000 mm² Area
Actions
N= 361 kN Normal force

Vy = 10 kN Shear force minor axis
227 | 395
Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
MEd = 1047 kNmm Force minor axis x Eccentricity
σ= 78.53 N/mm² M/W

σ= 45.21 N/mm² N/A

σ= 8.87 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 132.61 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.37
Structural Design of Middle Plate according to EN 1993-1-1

Lex = 224.2 mm Eccentricity hole - end of plate

h= 208.9 mm Height plate
A = 5222.5 mm² Area
Actions

228 | 395
Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
σ = 103.03 N/mm² M/W
Stress due to N/Vz

σ= 69.26 N/mm² N/A
Stress due to Vz
σ= 27.87 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 200.16 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.56
229 | 395
18 Detail 232
18.1 General
This chapter contains the design of Detail 232.
230 | 395
18.2 Design of Bolt

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -1346.9 3.29 15.04 3.05 0 0
max N 768 -3.8 -115.19 1.71 45.21 -1.34
min VY 355.5 -55.12 116.27 20.42 0 0
max VY 353 55.17 116.09 -20.41 0 0
min VZ -489.2 -7.42 -151.1 -2.56 -36.42 5.25
max VZ 559.3 8.39 158.5 -3.81 0 0
min MT 356.9 54.76 -102.7 -20.57 39.36 19.6
max MT 359.4 -54.71 -102.8 20.58 39.4 -19.58
min MY 304.6 0.05 108.06 0.93 -93.95 -3.43
max MY 391 1.08 61.63 -3.18 69.16 -3.33
min MZ 38.7 16.96 -11.16 2.97 1.08 -44.13
max MZ 38.9 -16.97 -11.26 -2.98 1.01 44.11
Design of Bolts
2.51 0.55 8.37 11.43 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04
19.20 0.63 4.69 24.52 0.09 128.00 123.86 4.16 256.02 0.77 0.64
19.38 9.19 56.04 84.61 0.31 59.25 0.00 0.00 59.25 0.18 0.44
19.35 9.20 56.02 84.56 0.31 58.83 0.00 0.00 58.83 0.18 0.43
25.18 1.24 7.03 33.45 0.12 0.00 99.78 16.28 116.06 0.35 0.37
26.42 1.40 10.46 38.27 0.14 93.22 0.00 0.00 93.22 0.28 0.34
17.12 9.13 56.46 82.70 0.30 59.48 107.84 60.78 228.09 0.69 0.79
17.13 9.12 56.48 82.74 0.30 59.90 107.95 60.71 228.56 0.69 0.80
18.01 0.01 2.55 20.57 0.07 50.77 257.40 10.64 318.80 0.96 0.76
10.27 0.18 8.73 19.18 0.07 65.17 189.48 10.33 264.97 0.80 0.64
1.86 2.83 8.15 12.84 0.05 6.45 2.96 136.84 146.25 0.44 0.36
1.88 2.83 8.18 12.88 0.05 6.48 2.77 136.78 146.03 0.44 0.36
231 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -1346.9 3.29 15.04 3.05 0 0
max N 768 -3.8 -115.19 1.71 45.21 -1.34
min VY 355.5 -55.12 116.27 20.42 0 0
max VY 353 55.17 116.09 -20.41 0 0
min VZ -489.2 -7.42 -151.1 -2.56 -36.42 5.25
max VZ 559.3 8.39 158.5 -3.81 0 0
min MT 356.9 54.76 -102.7 -20.57 39.36 19.6
max MT 359.4 -54.71 -102.8 20.58 39.4 -19.58
min MY 304.6 0.05 108.06 0.93 -93.95 -3.43
max MY 391 1.08 61.63 -3.18 69.16 -3.33
min MZ 38.7 16.96 -11.16 2.97 1.08 -44.13
max MZ 38.9 -16.97 -11.26 -2.98 1.01 44.11
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
Flange


232 | 395


[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
233 | 395
19 Detail 233
19.1 General
234 | 395
19.2 Design of Pin


Materials

Actions

Ultimate resistance moment MRd = 7 kNm
Proofs
Shearing
Bearing
Bending pin
= 0.81 < 1 OK
Interaction
= 0.96 < 1 OK
235 | 395
Required Dimensions
Form A Form B

max d0 = 58.7 mm
min c = 29.1 mm 2.5 x d0 = 113 mm
19.3 Design of Middle and Outer Plates
Structural Design of Middle Plate according to EN 1993-1-1


A= 5700 mm² Area
Actions

Vz = 105 kN Shear force major axis
236 | 395
Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
σ = 146.84 N/mm² M/W
Stress due to N/Vz

σ = 101.68 N/mm² N/A
Stress due to Vz
σ= 90.17 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 338.69 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.95


A= 4000 mm² Area
Actions

237 | 395
Stresses & Proof
Stress due to Vy
σ = 162.00 N/mm² M/W

σ= 72.56 N/mm² N/A

σ= 31.50 N/mm² M/W
Sum
σ= 266.06 N/mm²
Utilization
η= 0.75
19.4 Design of Eccentricity

Design of Eccentricity according to EN 1993-1-1
Lv = 180 mm Length of eleongation
h ges = 200 mm
hs = 170 mm
ts = 30 mm
bf = 120 mm
tf1 = 15 mm
tf2 = 15 mm
Wy = 430850 mm³
Wz = 72000 mm³
A= 8700 mm²
fy = 355 N/mm²
γ= 1.00
238 | 395
Stress due to VY:

σ = 119.17 N/mm² M/W
stress due to N/Vz:
σ = 66.641 N/mm² N/A
aus Vz:
σ = 81.188 N/mm² M/W
Summe:
σ= 267 N/mm²
Ausnutzungsgrad:
η= 0.75
239 | 395
20 Detail 234
20.1 General
240 | 395
20.2 Design of Bolt

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -570.9 0.11 8.7 0.25 9.17 -1.62
max N 484.9 0.16 -7.19 -0.29 7.78 0.17
min VY -39 -26.89 -80.82 -12.68 -18.11 31.29
max VY -38.8 26.87 -80.81 12.66 -18.1 -31.29
min VZ -38.4 8.49 -105.96 5.25 -25.3 -3.56
max VZ -40.6 8.41 105.74 5.18 -35.84 4.49
min MT -38.5 -26.46 -78.4 -12.68 16.72 19.62
max MT -38.3 26.44 -78.39 12.66 16.73 -19.63
min MY 136.1 1.65 81.79 -1.4 -62.89 1.76
max MY 203.3 -0.04 -37.08 -0.09 52.41 -0.05
min MZ -40.8 -26.73 80.63 -12.12 -26.15 -34.17
max MZ -40.5 26.72 80.62 12.11 -26.14 34.17
Design of Bolts
1.45 0.02 0.85 2.32 0.01 0.00 32.18 5.68 37.86 0.15 0.12
1.20 0.03 0.98 2.21 0.01 80.82 27.30 0.60 108.71 0.43 0.32
13.47 4.48 42.98 60.93 0.28 0.00 63.54 109.79 173.33 0.68 0.77
13.47 4.48 42.92 60.86 0.28 0.00 63.51 109.79 173.30 0.68 0.77
17.66 1.42 17.80 36.87 0.17 0.00 88.77 12.49 101.26 0.40 0.45
17.62 1.40 17.56 36.58 0.17 0.00 125.75 15.75 141.51 0.56 0.57
13.07 4.41 42.98 60.46 0.28 0.00 58.67 68.84 127.51 0.50 0.64
13.07 4.41 42.92 60.39 0.28 0.00 58.70 68.88 127.58 0.50 0.64
13.63 0.28 4.75 18.65 0.09 22.68 220.67 6.18 249.53 0.98 0.79
6.18 0.01 0.31 6.49 0.03 33.88 183.89 0.18 217.95 0.86 0.64
13.44 4.46 41.08 58.98 0.27 0.00 91.75 119.89 211.65 0.83 0.87
13.44 4.45 41.05 58.94 0.27 0.00 91.72 119.89 211.61 0.83 0.87
241 | 395

Cross Section
Wz = 140833.3 mm³ Section modulus minor axis (Only flange)
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -570.9 0.11 8.7 0.25 9.17 -1.62
max N 484.9 0.16 -7.19 -0.29 7.78 0.17
min VY -39 -26.89 -80.82 -12.68 -18.11 31.29
max VY -38.8 26.87 -80.81 12.66 -18.1 -31.29
min VZ -38.4 8.49 -105.96 5.25 -25.3 -3.56
max VZ -40.6 8.41 105.74 5.18 -35.84 4.49
min MT -38.5 -26.46 -78.4 -12.68 16.72 19.62
max MT -38.3 26.44 -78.39 12.66 16.73 -19.63
min MY 136.1 1.65 81.79 -1.4 -62.89 1.76
max MY 203.3 -0.04 -37.08 -0.09 52.41 -0.05
min MZ -40.8 -26.73 80.63 -12.12 -26.15 -34.17
max MZ -40.5 26.72 80.62 12.11 -26.14 34.17
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
242 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
243 | 395
21 Detail 235
21.1 General
244 | 395
21.2 Design of Bolt

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -1346.9 3.29 15.04 3.05 0 0
max N 768 -3.8 -115.19 1.71 45.21 -1.34
min VY 355.5 -55.12 116.27 20.42 0 0
max VY 353 55.17 116.09 -20.41 0 0
min VZ -489.2 -7.42 -151.1 -2.56 -36.42 5.25
max VZ 559.3 8.39 158.5 -3.81 0 0
min MT 356.9 54.76 -102.7 -20.57 39.36 19.6
max MT 359.4 -54.71 -102.8 20.58 39.4 -19.58
min MY 304.6 0.05 108.06 0.93 -93.95 -3.43
max MY 391 1.08 61.63 -3.18 69.16 -3.33
min MZ 38.7 16.96 -11.16 2.97 1.08 -44.13
max MZ 38.9 -16.97 -11.26 -2.98 1.01 44.11
Design of Bolts
2.51 0.55 8.37 11.43 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04
19.20 0.63 4.69 24.52 0.09 128.00 123.86 4.16 256.02 0.77 0.64
19.38 9.19 56.04 84.61 0.31 59.25 0.00 0.00 59.25 0.18 0.44
19.35 9.20 56.02 84.56 0.31 58.83 0.00 0.00 58.83 0.18 0.43
25.18 1.24 7.03 33.45 0.12 0.00 99.78 16.28 116.06 0.35 0.37
26.42 1.40 10.46 38.27 0.14 93.22 0.00 0.00 93.22 0.28 0.34
17.12 9.13 56.46 82.70 0.30 59.48 107.84 60.78 228.09 0.69 0.79
17.13 9.12 56.48 82.74 0.30 59.90 107.95 60.71 228.56 0.69 0.80
18.01 0.01 2.55 20.57 0.07 50.77 257.40 10.64 318.80 0.96 0.76
10.27 0.18 8.73 19.18 0.07 65.17 189.48 10.33 264.97 0.80 0.64
1.86 2.83 8.15 12.84 0.05 6.45 2.96 136.84 146.25 0.44 0.36
1.88 2.83 8.18 12.88 0.05 6.48 2.77 136.78 146.03 0.44 0.36
245 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -1346.9 3.29 15.04 3.05 0 0
max N 768 -3.8 -115.19 1.71 45.21 -1.34
min VY 355.5 -55.12 116.27 20.42 0 0
max VY 353 55.17 116.09 -20.41 0 0
min VZ -489.2 -7.42 -151.1 -2.56 -36.42 5.25
max VZ 559.3 8.39 158.5 -3.81 0 0
min MT 356.9 54.76 -102.7 -20.57 39.36 19.6
max MT 359.4 -54.71 -102.8 20.58 39.4 -19.58
min MY 304.6 0.05 108.06 0.93 -93.95 -3.43
max MY 391 1.08 61.63 -3.18 69.16 -3.33
min MZ 38.7 16.96 -11.16 2.97 1.08 -44.13
max MZ 38.9 -16.97 -11.26 -2.98 1.01 44.11
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
Flange


246 | 395


[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
22 Detail 238
See Chapter Detail 235.
247 | 395
23 Detail 239
23.1 General
248 | 395
23.2 Design of Bolt

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -216.2 8.79 2.75 -2.43 -9.73 4.2
max N 137 6.48 8.91 -0.34 12.23 -5.22
min VY -136.7 -10.85 2.37 2.36 -5.57 -4.84
max VY -134.8 10.69 2.48 -2.3 -5.65 4.78
min VZ -56.7 6.39 -70.61 -0.84 -28.84 -3.98
max VZ 5.8 -5.22 70.81 0.58 -34.65 -3.78
min MT -192.4 7.72 -0.81 -3.52 -3.88 3.32
max MT -192.3 -7.73 -0.82 3.52 -3.87 -3.32
min MY -58.5 6.38 69.8 -0.92 -35.79 4.6
max MY 7 -5.2 -65.69 0.54 29.89 -1.15
min MZ 93.6 -7.45 31.73 0.06 -12.71 -5.74
max MZ 111.9 7.41 29.8 0.01 -11.39 5.76
Design of Bolts
0.46 1.47 8.24 10.16 0.05 0.00 34.75 14.74 49.49 0.19 0.19
1.49 1.08 1.15 3.72 0.02 22.83 43.68 18.32 84.83 0.33 0.26
0.40 1.81 8.00 10.20 0.05 0.00 19.89 16.98 36.88 0.15 0.15
0.41 1.78 7.80 9.99 0.05 0.00 20.18 16.77 36.95 0.15 0.15
11.77 1.07 2.85 15.68 0.07 0.00 103.00 13.96 116.96 0.46 0.40
11.80 0.87 1.97 14.64 0.07 0.97 123.75 13.26 137.98 0.54 0.46
0.14 1.29 11.93 13.35 0.06 0.00 13.86 11.65 25.51 0.10 0.13
0.14 1.29 11.93 13.36 0.06 0.00 13.82 11.65 25.47 0.10 0.13
11.63 1.06 3.12 15.82 0.07 0.00 127.82 16.14 143.96 0.57 0.48
10.95 0.87 1.83 13.65 0.06 1.17 106.75 4.04 111.95 0.44 0.38
5.29 1.24 0.20 6.73 0.03 15.60 45.39 20.14 81.13 0.32 0.26
4.97 1.24 0.03 6.24 0.03 18.65 40.68 20.21 79.54 0.31 0.25
249 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -216.2 8.79 2.75 -2.43 -9.73 4.2
max N 137 6.48 8.91 -0.34 12.23 -5.22
min VY -136.7 -10.85 2.37 2.36 -5.57 -4.84
max VY -134.8 10.69 2.48 -2.3 -5.65 4.78
min VZ -56.7 6.39 -70.61 -0.84 -28.84 -3.98
max VZ 5.8 -5.22 70.81 0.58 -34.65 -3.78
min MT -192.4 7.72 -0.81 -3.52 -3.88 3.32
max MT -192.3 -7.73 -0.82 3.52 -3.87 -3.32
min MY -58.5 6.38 69.8 -0.92 -35.79 4.6
max MY 7 -5.2 -65.69 0.54 29.89 -1.15
min MZ 93.6 -7.45 31.73 0.06 -12.71 -5.74
max MZ 111.9 7.41 29.8 0.01 -11.39 5.76
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
250 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
24 Detail 240
See Chapter Detail 233.
251 | 395
25 Detail 251
25.1 General
Figure 145: Overview and other drawings of Detail 251
252 | 395
25.2 Design of 6xM27

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -509.9 -0.32 40.93 -0.47 -4.56 -3.09
max N 346.5 -2.96 53.26 0.67 62.56 5.74
min VY 319.4 -5.49 91.53 0.93 -81.55 -9.62
max VY 317.4 5.52 91.46 -0.94 -81.44 9.72
min VZ 305.0 0.10 -106.57 0.94 -83.20 3.43
max VZ 302.0 0.03 107.27 0.92 -93.29 -3.45
min MT -295.0 0.86 -41.00 -2.11 18.58 -0.65
max MT -295.4 -0.86 -40.88 2.12 18.56 0.55
min MY 302.0 0.03 107.27 0.92 -93.29 -3.45
max MY 346.5 -2.96 53.26 0.67 62.56 5.74
min MZ 319.4 -5.49 91.53 0.93 -81.55 -9.62
max MZ 317.4 5.52 91.46 -0.94 -81.44 9.72
Design of Bolts
6.82 0.05 1.26 8.14 0.03 0.00 12.32 9.58 21.91 0.07 0.08
8.88 0.49 1.80 11.17 0.04 57.75 169.08 17.80 244.63 0.74 0.57
15.26 0.92 2.50 18.67 0.07 53.23 220.41 29.83 303.47 0.92 0.72
15.24 0.92 2.53 18.69 0.07 52.90 220.11 30.14 303.15 0.92 0.72
17.76 0.02 2.53 20.31 0.07 50.83 224.86 10.64 286.33 0.87 0.69
17.88 0.01 2.48 20.36 0.07 50.33 252.14 10.70 313.17 0.95 0.75
6.83 0.14 5.68 12.65 0.05 0.00 50.22 2.02 52.23 0.16 0.16
6.81 0.14 5.70 12.66 0.05 0.00 50.16 1.71 51.87 0.16 0.16
17.88 0.01 2.48 20.36 0.07 50.33 252.14 10.70 313.17 0.95 0.75
8.88 0.49 1.80 11.17 0.04 57.75 169.08 17.80 244.63 0.74 0.57
15.26 0.92 2.50 18.67 0.07 53.23 220.41 29.83 303.47 0.92 0.72
15.24 0.92 2.53 18.69 0.07 52.90 220.11 30.14 303.15 0.92 0.72
253 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -509.9 -0.32 40.93 -0.47 -4.56 -3.09
max N 346.5 -2.96 53.26 0.67 62.56 5.74
min VY 319.4 -5.49 91.53 0.93 -81.55 -9.62
max VY 317.4 5.52 91.46 -0.94 -81.44 9.72
min VZ 305.0 0.10 -106.57 0.94 -83.20 3.43
max VZ 302.0 0.03 107.27 0.92 -93.29 -3.45
min MT -295.0 0.86 -41.00 -2.11 18.58 -0.65
max MT -295.4 -0.86 -40.88 2.12 18.56 0.55
min MY 302.0 0.03 107.27 0.92 -93.29 -3.45
max MY 346.5 -2.96 53.26 0.67 62.56 5.74
min MZ 319.4 -5.49 91.53 0.93 -81.55 -9.62
max MZ 317.4 5.52 91.46 -0.94 -81.44 9.72
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
254 | 395

Flange



93.39 9.44 19.62 122.45 0.08 0.97 1.05 122.46 0.28 122.45 0.35
63.46 129.52 36.44 229.43 0.70 1.39 2.09 229.46 0.53 229.43 0.65
58.50 168.84 61.08 288.42 1.31 1.93 3.23 288.47 0.66 288.42 0.82
58.13 168.61 61.71 288.46 1.31 1.95 3.26 288.51 0.66 288.46 0.82
55.86 172.26 21.78 249.90 0.02 1.95 1.97 249.92 0.57 249.90 0.71
55.31 193.15 21.90 270.36 0.01 1.90 1.91 270.38 0.62 270.36 0.77
54.03 38.47 4.13 96.62 0.20 4.37 4.57 96.95 0.22 96.62 0.27
54.10 38.43 3.49 96.02 0.20 4.39 4.59 96.35 0.22 96.02 0.27
55.31 193.15 21.90 270.36 0.01 1.90 1.91 270.38 0.62 270.36 0.77
63.46 129.52 36.44 229.43 0.70 1.39 2.09 229.46 0.53 229.43 0.65
58.50 168.84 61.08 288.42 1.31 1.93 3.23 288.47 0.66 288.42 0.82
58.13 168.61 61.71 288.46 1.31 1.95 3.26 288.51 0.66 288.46 0.82

[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
255 | 395
25.4 Design of PL-010
Design of Plate based on EN 1993-1-8
b= 350 mm Width Plate

t= 25 mm Thickness Plate
A= 8750 N/mm² Sectinal Area
W= 510417 mm³ Section modulus
eMy = 150 mm Eccentricity
Actions Stress
LC N Vy Vz Mt My Mz due to N due to My due to Mz Summe Util

[kN] [kN] [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
min N -1490.42 12.69 -1.64 0.00 -14.51 -112.09 85.17 11.06 109.80 206.02 0.58
max N -560.85 9.00 -0.45 0.00 -3.29 -65.95 32.05 2.51 64.60 99.16 0.28
min VY -978.26 -1.17 -0.94 0.00 -7.43 18.28 55.90 5.66 17.91 79.47 0.22
max VY -999.81 21.59 1.96 0.00 15.60 -180.78 57.13 11.89 177.09 246.11 0.69
min VZ -772.73 14.48 -10.28 0.00 -85.74 -114.49 44.16 65.33 112.15 221.64 0.62
max VZ -904.65 4.01 10.01 0.00 85.85 -26.81 51.69 65.41 26.26 143.37 0.40
min MT -1052.70 16.54 -9.92 0.00 -87.74 -137.47 60.15 66.85 134.66 261.67 0.74
max MT -1009.72 20.32 6.49 0.00 56.30 -169.79 57.70 42.90 166.32 266.92 0.75
min MY -1052.70 16.54 -9.92 0.00 -87.74 -137.47 60.15 66.85 134.66 261.67 0.74
max MY -1186.79 6.50 9.67 0.00 88.11 -48.92 67.82 67.13 47.92 182.87 0.52
min MZ -999.81 21.59 1.96 0.00 15.60 -180.78 57.13 11.89 177.09 246.11 0.69
max MZ -978.26 -1.17 -0.94 0.00 -7.43 18.28 55.90 5.66 17.91 79.47 0.22
256 | 395
25.5 Design of Design of S_12x M 24 10.9

Bolts
A= 452 mm² Cross-section area
Geometry
nvert = 3 Number of bolts vertical
nhor = 4 Number of bolts horizotal
ntot = 12 Number of bolts total
nSP1 = 1 Shear planes for My

nSP2 = 2 Shear planes for N, Vy, Mz
eMy = 150 mm Leverarm for My
ly = 250 mm Distance outer bolts y

lz = 160 mm Distance outer bolts z
y1 = 42 mm Distance y column 1
y2 = 125 mm Distance y column 2
z2 = 80 mm Distance z row 2
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -1490.42 12.69 -1.64 0.00 -14.51 -112.09
max N -560.85 9.00 -0.45 0.00 -3.29 -65.95
min VY -978.26 -1.17 -0.94 0.00 -7.43 18.28
max VY -999.81 21.59 1.96 0.00 15.60 -180.78
min VZ -772.73 14.48 -10.28 0.00 -85.74 -114.49
max VZ -904.65 4.01 10.01 0.00 85.85 -26.81
min MT -1052.70 16.54 -9.92 0.00 -87.74 -137.47
max MT -1009.72 20.32 6.49 0.00 56.30 -169.79
min MY -1052.70 16.54 -9.92 0.00 -87.74 -137.47
max MY -1186.79 6.50 9.67 0.00 88.11 -48.92
min MZ -999.81 21.59 1.96 0.00 15.60 -180.78
max MZ -978.26 -1.17 -0.94 0.00 -7.43 18.28
Design of Bolts
Shear Force Fv,Ed (Force per shear plane)

Fv,vert Fv,hor total
due to N due to Vz due to My due to Mz Sum due to Vy due to Mz Sum Fv,Ed Utililization
[kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]
62.10 0.00 8.06 45.04 115.20 0.53 28.83 29.36 118.89 0.66
23.37 0.00 1.83 26.50 51.70 0.38 16.96 17.34 54.53 0.30
40.76 0.00 4.13 7.35 52.23 0.05 4.70 4.75 52.45 0.29
41.66 0.00 8.67 72.64 122.97 0.90 46.49 47.39 131.79 0.73
32.20 0.00 47.63 46.01 125.84 0.60 29.44 30.05 129.37 0.72
37.69 0.00 47.69 10.77 96.16 0.17 6.89 7.06 96.42 0.53
43.86 0.00 48.74 55.24 147.85 0.69 35.35 36.04 152.18 0.84
42.07 0.00 31.28 68.23 141.58 0.85 43.67 44.51 148.41 0.82
43.86 0.00 48.74 55.24 147.85 0.69 35.35 36.04 152.18 0.84
49.45 0.00 48.95 19.66 118.06 0.27 12.58 12.85 118.76 0.66
41.66 0.00 8.67 72.64 122.97 0.90 46.49 47.39 131.79 0.73
40.76 0.00 4.13 7.35 52.23 0.05 4.70 4.75 52.45 0.29
257 | 395
25.6 Design of PL-011 and PL-013
Design of PL-011 and PL-013

Sectional properties
t1 20 mm
t2 25 mm
h 150 mm
b 350 mm
l2 310 mm
A1 3000 mm²
A2 7750 mm²
Ages 21500 mm²
Am 41250.00 mm²
Iy 0.00 mm4
Iz 0.00 mm4
Wy 0.00 mm³
Wz 0.00 mm³
SzII 848125 mm³
SyI 298437.50 mm³
Material
Galvanized Steel:
Steel grade S355
characteristic 35.55 kN/cm²
characteristic 49.00 kN/cm²
E- Modulus 21000.0 kN/cm²
allowable 35.55 kN/cm²
allowable 20.52 kN/cm²
NEd VyEd VzEd MtEd MyEd MzEd Design Util Proof Shear Shear Shear Shear Util Proof V. Util Proof
Flexura Stress Stress Stress Stress Mises
l (tId) (tIId) (Mtd) (Vyd, Stres
Stress Vzd, s
Mtd)
[kN/ [kN/ [kN/ [kN/ [kN/ [kN/
[kN] [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] cm²] cm²] cm²] cm²] cm²] cm²]
-1490.42 12.69 -1.64 0.00 -14.51 -112.09 15.25 0.43 OK 0.03 0.15 0.00 0.18 0.01 OK 15.25 0.43 OK
-560.85 9.00 -0.45 0.00 -3.29 -65.95 6.96 0.20 OK 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.12 0.01 OK 6.96 0.20 OK
-978.26 -1.17 -0.94 0.00 -7.43 18.28 6.43 0.18 OK 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 OK 6.43 0.18 OK
-999.81 21.59 1.96 0.00 15.60 -180.78 17.26 0.49 OK 0.04 0.25 0.00 0.29 0.01 OK 17.26 0.49 OK
-772.73 14.48 -10.28 0.00 -85.74 -114.49 19.42 0.55 OK 0.21 0.17 0.00 0.38 0.02 OK 19.42 0.55 OK
-904.65 4.01 10.01 0.00 85.85 -26.81 14.71 0.41 OK 0.21 0.05 0.00 0.25 0.01 OK 14.71 0.41 OK
-1052.70 16.54 -9.92 0.00 -87.74 -137.47 22.32 0.63 OK 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.40 0.02 OK 22.33 0.63 OK
-1009.72 20.32 6.49 0.00 56.30 -169.79 20.84 0.59 OK 0.13 0.24 0.00 0.37 0.02 OK 20.85 0.59 OK
-1052.70 16.54 -9.92 0.00 -87.74 -137.47 22.32 0.63 OK 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.40 0.02 OK 22.33 0.63 OK
-1186.79 6.50 9.67 0.00 88.11 -48.92 17.60 0.50 OK 0.20 0.08 0.00 0.28 0.01 OK 17.60 0.50 OK
-999.81 21.59 1.96 0.00 15.60 -180.78 17.26 0.49 OK 0.04 0.25 0.00 0.29 0.01 OK 17.26 0.49 OK
-978.26 -1.17 -0.94 0.00 -7.43 18.28 6.43 0.18 OK 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 OK 6.43 0.18 OK
258 | 395
26 Detail 252
26.1 General
259 | 395

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -381.8 0.09 10.59 -0.39 4.18 -1.04
max N 390.9 0.15 0.23 -0.41 10.79 -0.43
min VY 27.6 -14.34 64.05 -7.06 -29.9 -12.69
max VY 63.6 15.35 61.71 7.41 -27.85 12.43
min VZ 87.7 -4.08 -83.94 -3.99 -29.2 1.48
max VZ 85.8 -4.04 86.31 -3.97 -37.8 -1.95
min MT 29.8 -13.93 -60.65 -7.26 2.62 5.16
max MT 65.2 14.89 -57.47 7.6 3.12 -4.39
min MY 220.4 3.16 73.59 -0.92 -60.87 1.24
max MY -143.4 0.26 43.05 -0.65 30.19 0.2
min MZ 147.3 9.61 -45.95 -0.55 -37.97 -16.07
max MZ 147.1 -10.35 -45.94 0.5 -37.98 17.58
Design of Bolts
1.77 0.02 1.31 3.09 0.01 0.00 14.22 3.69 17.91 0.07 0.06
0.04 0.03 1.37 1.44 0.01 65.15 36.70 1.52 103.38 0.41 0.30
10.68 2.39 23.68 36.74 0.17 4.60 101.70 45.00 151.30 0.60 0.59
10.29 2.56 24.85 37.69 0.17 10.60 94.73 44.08 149.41 0.59 0.59
13.99 0.68 13.38 28.05 0.13 14.62 99.32 5.25 119.18 0.47 0.46
14.39 0.67 13.31 28.37 0.13 14.30 128.57 6.91 149.79 0.59 0.55
10.11 2.32 24.35 36.78 0.17 4.97 8.91 18.30 32.18 0.13 0.26
9.58 2.48 25.49 37.55 0.17 10.87 10.61 15.57 37.05 0.15 0.28
12.27 0.53 3.09 15.88 0.07 36.73 207.04 4.40 248.17 0.98 0.77
7.18 0.04 2.18 9.40 0.04 0.00 102.69 0.71 103.40 0.41 0.33
7.66 1.60 1.84 11.10 0.05 24.55 129.15 56.99 210.69 0.83 0.64
7.66 1.73 1.68 11.06 0.05 24.52 129.18 62.34 216.04 0.85 0.66
260 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -381.8 0.09 10.59 -0.39 4.18 -1.04
max N 390.9 0.15 0.23 -0.41 10.79 -0.43
min VY 27.6 -14.34 64.05 -7.06 -29.9 -12.69
max VY 63.6 15.35 61.71 7.41 -27.85 12.43
min VZ 87.7 -4.08 -83.94 -3.99 -29.2 1.48
max VZ 85.8 -4.04 86.31 -3.97 -37.8 -1.95
min MT 29.8 -13.93 -60.65 -7.26 2.62 5.16
max MT 65.2 14.89 -57.47 7.6 3.12 -4.39
min MY 220.4 3.16 73.59 -0.92 -60.87 1.24
max MY -143.4 0.26 43.05 -0.65 30.19 0.2
min MZ 147.3 9.61 -45.95 -0.55 -37.97 -16.07
max MZ 147.1 -10.35 -45.94 0.5 -37.98 17.58
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
261 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
262 | 395
26.4 Finite Element Verification of the Connection


• Bodies: 67
• Nodes: 109999
• Elements: 25952
Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Table 41: Material of all Steel Parts (Except Bolts, Detail 252)
Bolt Steel Elastic Modulus Yield Strength Pretension

Name Type [MPa] [MPa] [kN]
M24 10.9 2.10E+05 900 247.1
Table 42: Material of Bolts (Detail 252)
263 | 395
Welding Seam Steel Profile 1

Steel Plate 2/3, S355
a=4.95 cm, S355 S355
Thickness: 30 mm
Connection Plate
S355 Steel Plate 1
Steel Profile 2
S355
Inner Welding Seams

a=2.2 cm/2.5 cm, S355
Secondary Truss
Welding Seam RHS 200 x 120 x 8, S355
Welding Seam
a=5.1 cm, S355 a=4.95 cm, S355
Welding Seam
Bolts, Washer + Nut
a=5.5 cm, S355
6 x M24, 10.9
Figure 147: Components of Connection Head Plate Detail 252
264 | 395
Finite Element Mesh

Contact Types
Contact types considered between single parts are listed in table below.
Single Parts Contact
Secondary Truss to Steel Plate 1 Bonded
Steel Plate 1 to Steel Profile 1 Bonded
Steel Profile 1 to Steel Plate 2 Bonded
Steel Plate 2 to Connection Plate Frictional
Steel Plate 3 to Connection Plate Frictional
Steel Plate 3 to Steel Profile 3 Bonded
Bolts to Nut Bonded
Nut to Washers Bonded
Bolt Head to Washers Bonded
Bolts to Washers Frictionless
Welding Seams to Plate 1,2,3 Bonded
Welding Seams to Profiles Bonded
Table 43: Contact Types (Detail 252)
Supports
265 | 395

be on safe side.
266 | 395
LC 6200 - Max. Mz
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
147.1 -10.35 -45.94 0.5 -37.98 17.58
Table 44: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
Figure 150: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
LC 6200 - Min. Mz
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
147.4 9.61 -45.95 -0.55 -37.97 -16.07
Table 45: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
267 | 395
Figure 151: Applied Loads in FEM-Model Detail 252 - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
LC 8800 - Min. My
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
221.4 3.16 69.15 -0.92 -30.54 -0.1
Figure 152: Applied Loads (Detail 252) - LC 8800
268 | 395

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

LC 6200 - Max. Mz
26.4.3.1.1 Main Steel Parts
Figure 153: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
269 | 395
Figure 154: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
270 | 395
Figure 155: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
26.4.3.1.2 Bolts
Figure 156: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
271 | 395
Figure 157: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
Figure 158: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
272 | 395
26.4.3.1.3 Welding Seams
Figure 159: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
Figure 160: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
273 | 395
Figure 161: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Max. Mz)
LC 6200 - Min. Mz
Figure 162: Equivalent Total Strain in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
274 | 395
Figure 163: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
Figure 164: Total Deformation in Main Steel Parts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
275 | 395
26.4.3.2.2 Bolts
Figure 165: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
Figure 166: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
276 | 395
Figure 167: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
Figure 168: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
277 | 395
Figure 169: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
Figure 170: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 6200 (Min. Mz)
278 | 395
LC 8800 - Min. My
279 | 395
280 | 395
26.4.3.3.2 Bolts
Figure 174: Equivalent Total Strain in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 8800
281 | 395
Figure 175: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 8800
Figure 176: Total Deformation in Bolts (Detail 252) - LC 8800
282 | 395
Figure 177: Equivalent Total Strain in Welding Seams (Detail 252) - LC 8800
283 | 395
Figure 178: Equivalent von-Mises Stress in Welding Seams (Detail 252) - LC 8800
Figure 179: Total Deformation in Welding Seams (Detail 252) - LC 8800
284 | 395
27 Detail 253
27.1 General
285 | 395

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -570.9 0.11 8.7 0.25 9.17 -1.62
max N 484.9 0.16 -7.19 -0.29 7.78 0.17
min VY -39 -26.89 -80.82 -12.68 -18.11 31.29
max VY -38.8 26.87 -80.81 12.66 -18.1 -31.29
min VZ -38.4 8.49 -105.96 5.25 -25.3 -3.56
max VZ -40.6 8.41 105.74 5.18 -35.84 4.49
min MT -38.5 -26.46 -78.4 -12.68 16.72 19.62
max MT -38.3 26.44 -78.39 12.66 16.73 -19.63
min MY 136.1 1.65 81.79 -1.4 -62.89 1.76
max MY 203.3 -0.04 -37.08 -0.09 52.41 -0.05
min MZ -40.8 -26.73 80.63 -12.12 -26.15 -34.17
max MZ -40.5 26.72 80.62 12.11 -26.14 34.17
Design of Bolts
1.45 0.02 0.84 2.31 0.01 0.00 30.67 5.74 36.41 0.14 0.11
1.20 0.03 0.97 2.20 0.01 80.82 26.02 0.60 107.44 0.42 0.31
13.47 4.48 42.52 60.48 0.28 0.00 60.57 110.96 171.53 0.67 0.76
13.47 4.48 42.46 60.40 0.28 0.00 60.54 110.96 171.49 0.67 0.76
17.66 1.42 17.61 36.68 0.17 0.00 84.62 12.62 97.24 0.38 0.44
17.62 1.40 17.37 36.40 0.17 0.00 119.87 15.92 135.79 0.53 0.55
13.07 4.41 42.52 60.00 0.28 0.00 55.92 69.57 125.49 0.49 0.63
13.07 4.41 42.46 59.93 0.28 0.00 55.95 69.61 125.56 0.49 0.63
13.63 0.28 4.70 18.60 0.09 22.68 210.33 6.24 239.26 0.94 0.76
6.18 0.01 0.30 6.49 0.03 33.88 175.28 0.18 209.34 0.82 0.62
13.44 4.46 40.65 58.54 0.27 0.00 87.46 121.17 208.63 0.82 0.86
13.44 4.45 40.61 58.50 0.27 0.00 87.42 121.17 208.59 0.82 0.86
286 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -570.9 0.11 8.7 0.25 9.17 -1.62
max N 484.9 0.16 -7.19 -0.29 7.78 0.17
min VY -39 -26.89 -80.82 -12.68 -18.11 31.29
max VY -38.8 26.87 -80.81 12.66 -18.1 -31.29
min VZ -38.4 8.49 -105.96 5.25 -25.3 -3.56
max VZ -40.6 8.41 105.74 5.18 -35.84 4.49
min MT -38.5 -26.46 -78.4 -12.68 16.72 19.62
max MT -38.3 26.44 -78.39 12.66 16.73 -19.63
min MY 136.1 1.65 81.79 -1.4 -62.89 1.76
max MY 203.3 -0.04 -37.08 -0.09 52.41 -0.05
min MZ -40.8 -26.73 80.63 -12.12 -26.15 -34.17
max MZ -40.5 26.72 80.62 12.11 -26.14 34.17
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
Flange


287 | 395


[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
288 | 395
28 Detail 271
28.1 General
This Chapter contains the design of detail 271.
28.2 Finite Element Model

289 | 395
28.2.1 Applied Finite Elements

• Bodies: 7
• Nodes: 28212
• Elements: 4540
28.2.2 Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
28.2.3 Components of Analysis Model
Steel Plates SHS 150 x 150 x 12.5, S355

RHS 250 x 150 x 6.3, S355
Figure 182: Components of Node Detail 271
28.2.4 Finite Element Mesh

290 | 395
28.2.5 Contact Types

28.2.6 Supports
Figure 184: Fixed Support of Node Detail 271
291 | 395
28.3 Applied Loads on Finite Element Model

• LC 8200: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Roof Live Load + 0.8 x Win Load (P max)
be on safe side.
28.3.1 LC 8200 - Max. Vz

AS,r -700.9 1.25 78.84 -0.94 0.65 -1.96
AS,l -498.8 1.04 60.79 -0.85 -14.4 -2.39
292 | 395
28.3.2 LC 6100 - Max. Utilization of Secondary Beam

AS,r -497.8 0.95 48.13 -1.4 8.81 -26.2
AS,l -343.1 0.82 44.17 -0.67 -13.68 -26.57
28.3.3 LC 8800 - Min. N

AS,l -733.6 1.44 2.19 0.89 12.78 -0.16
AS,r -717 1.07 8.18 1.04 15.36 0.3
293 | 395
28.4 Analysis Results

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

294 | 395
28.4.1 LC 8200 - Max. Vz
295 | 395
296 | 395
28.4.2 LC 6100 - Max. Utilization in Secondary Beam
297 | 395
28.4.3 LC 8800 - Min. N
298 | 395
299 | 395
29 Detail 272
29.1 General

300 | 395

• Bodies: 7
• Nodes: 35662
• Elements: 5705
29.2.2 Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Strut
RHS 250 x 150 x 10, S355
Steel Plates
Tangential Beam AT-030 - AT-039 RHS 250 x 150 x 10,

S355
Figure 198: Components of Node Detail 272 (Bottom Beam)

301 | 395

29.2.6 Supports
302 | 395
Figure 200: Fixed Support of Node Detail 272
29.3 Applied Loads on Finite Element Model

• LC 6200: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.0 x Earthquake Load in y-Direction
• LC 6100: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.0 x Earthquake Load in x-Direction
be on safe side.
29.3.1 LC 8800 - Max. Vz

The beam segment of node detail 272 is at around 0.6 m. Therefore interpolated section forces
at the respective distance of 0.6 m are considered to be on safe side. Below figure shows the
applied loads on the finite element model. The applied loads refer to the local axis.
AS,l 559.4 8.39 158.5 -3.81 0 0
303 | 395
AS,r 277.88 -0.48 82.11 -0.50 -17.53 -1.09
Table 54: Applied Loads (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz)
Figure 201: Applied Loads (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz)
29.3.2 LC 6200 - Max. Mt + Mz

AS,r 359 -55.03 -104.58 20.58 11.59 -4.86
AS,l 147.9 -3.88 61.59 -0.84 -19.76 10.15
304 | 395
29.3.3 LC 8800 - Min. My

AS,l -489.2 -7.42 -151.1 -2.56 -36.42 5.25
AS,r -274.2 -3.19 84.48 1.82 -34.35 -3.24
Figure 203: Applied Loads (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. MY)
305 | 395
29.3.4 LC 6100 - Min. N

AS,r -1346.1 3.25 -39.75 3.04 1.48 0.39
AS,l -1090.9 -1.28 74.29 0.79 -37.66 -0.6

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]
306 | 395

29.4.1 LC 8800 - Max. Vz
Figure 205: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz)
307 | 395
Figure 206: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz)
Figure 207: Total Deformation (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Max. Vz)
308 | 395
29.4.2 LC 6200 - Max. Mt + Mz
Figure 209: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 6200
309 | 395
29.4.3 LC 8800 - Min. My
Figure 211: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. My)
310 | 395
Figure 212: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. My)
Figure 213: Total Deformation (Detail 272) - LC 8800 (Min. My)
311 | 395
29.4.4 LC 6100 - Min. Normal Force
312 | 395
Figure 215: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Detail 272) - LC 6100
313 | 395
30 Detail 273
30.1 General
314 | 395


• Bodies: 8
• Nodes: 44703
• Elements: 8003
30.2.2 Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
315 | 395
Strut
SHS 120 x 120 x 10, S355
Steel Plates
Thickness: 20 mm
S355
Secondary Truss
RHS 200 x 120 x 8, S355
Figure 218: Components of Head Plate Node Detail 273
316 | 395


30.2.6 Supports
317 | 395
Figure 220: Fixed Support of the Node Detail 273
30.3 Applied Loads in Finite Element Model

• LC 8400: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Roof Live Load + 0.8 x Wind Load (-y neg)
• LC 8200: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Roof Live Load + 0.8 x Wind Load (Pressure max)
be on safe side.
30.3.1 LC 8200 - Max. My

AS,l 327.9 -0.14 -30.45 -0.09 40.47 -0.18
AS,r 418 -0.03 -15.94 -0.04 10.76 -0.17
318 | 395
30.3.2 LC 8800 - Min. N

AS,l -570.9 0.11 8.7 0.25 11.59 -1.66
AS,r -549.4 -0.16 7.97 0.42 17.96 -1.84
30.3.3 LC 8400 - Min. Vz

AS,r 134.6 5.71 -99.86 2.61 -33.15 -0.61
AS,l 216 -0.7 40.98 -0.34 -25.49 -0.62
319 | 395
30.3.4 LC 6200 - Min. Mz

AS,l 110.6 19.87 -76.9 7.81 -24.58 -18.66
AS,r 173 6.61 31.59 0.96 -18.76 10.64
320 | 395

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

321 | 395
30.4.1 LC 8200 - Max. My
322 | 395
323 | 395
30.4.2 LC 8800 - Min. N
324 | 395
325 | 395
30.4.3 LC 6200 - Min. Mz
326 | 395
327 | 395
328 | 395
30.4.4 LC 8400 - Min. Vz
329 | 395
330 | 395
31 Detail 274
31.1 General

331 | 395

• Bodies: 7
• Nodes: 65393
• Elements: 14579
31.2.2 Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
332 | 395
Strut
SHS 200 x 120 x 8, S355
Steel Plates
Thickness t= 20 mm, S355
Secondary Truss
RHS 200 x 120 x 8, S355
Figure 238: Components of Head Plate Node Detail 274

333 | 395

334 | 395
31.2.6 Supports

cases are taken and applied to the detail at the respective section length. The following load
cases are decisive and therefore taken into consideration:
31.3.1 LC 8200 - Max. Vz

AS,l -41.09 0.45 55.42 0.55 -21.02 0.33
AS,r 139.41 -2.16 70.53 1.66 14.75 0.08
Table 66: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. Vz)
335 | 395
Figure 241: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 6200 (Max. Vz)
31.3.2 LC 6200 - Min. Vy Max. Mz and Max Mt

AS,r 50,09 8.75 35.08 1.74 -11.37 16.87
AS,l -38,57 26.74 -80.04 12.66 -7.13 -27.62
336 | 395
31.3.3 LC 8200 - Max. My

AS,r 334,88 0.40 -22.32 0.17 -0.56 0.71
AS,l 190,54 0.18 -38.65 0.10 40.90 0.18
Table 68: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My)
Figure 243: Applied Loads (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My)
31.3.4 LC 8800 - Min. N

AS,r -351.85 -0.84 -22.35 0.14 35.05 -1.10
AS,l -497.41 -0.23 -28.73 -0.08 -3.96 -0.96
337 | 395

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

338 | 395
31.4.1 LC 8200 - Max. Vz
Figure 245: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. VZ)
339 | 395
Figure 246: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. Vz)
340 | 395
Figure 247: Total Deformation (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. Vz)
341 | 395
31.4.2 LC 6200 - Min. Vy, Max. MT and Max Mz
342 | 395
343 | 395
344 | 395
31.4.3 LC 8200 - Max. My
Figure 251: Equivalent Total Strain (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My)
345 | 395
Figure 252: Equivalent von-Mises Stress (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My)
346 | 395
Figure 253: Total Deformation (Detail 274) - LC 8200 (Max. My)
347 | 395
31.4.4 LC 8800 - Min.N
348 | 395
349 | 395
350 | 395
32 Detail 275
32.1 General
The structural analysis of the node details from the radial beam are considered according to the
utilization level of the latest structural design report of POD 2 [7]. Out of the details 275, 276
and 277 the maximum utilization level occurs at detail 275.
Therefore, the detail is considered for the finite element analysis. Below figure shows the
overview of the node detail 275.
351 | 395
32.2 Finite Element Analysis

The analysis of the detail 275 is done at the decisive positions for each load cases. The figure
below shows the used segments of the detail.
Pos. 2: Min. Shear Force Vz +

Pos. 1: Min. Normal Force Max. Utilization
Figure 258: Considered Positions for Analysis of Detail 275
32.3 Pos. 1: Min. Normal Force

• Bodies: 8
• Nodes: 42165
• Elements: 8503
32.3.2 Materials
In following tables, the material properties of all steel elements are listed according to DIN EN
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Table 71: Material of all Steel Parts (Pos. 1, Detail 275)
352 | 395
RHS 250 x 150 x 16, S355
Joint Plate Thickness: 25 mm, S355

Steel Plate Thickness: 25 mm, S355
Radial Beam AR-021 and AR-022 RHS 250 x 150 x 16, S355
Figure 259: Components of Finite Element Model (Pos. 1, Detail 275)

Figure 260: Finite Element Mesh (Pos. 1, Detail 275)
353 | 395

32.3.6 Supports
The figure below shows the support which is applied to the FE-Model.
Figure 261: Fixed Support in FEM-Model (Pos. 1, Detail 275)
32.3.7 Applied Loads on Finite Element Model

AR,r -804.9 1.43 -197.72 -0.88 -59.46 0.29
AR,l -1554.8 1.33 -107.55 -0.82 -32.41 -0.02
Diagonal AR 374.5 0 -0.14 -0.05 0 0
Table 72: Applied Loads (Pos. 1, Detail 275)
354 | 395
Figure 262: Applied Loads (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200 (Min. N)

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

Table 73: Design Criteria Check - Detail 275, 276 and 277 - Pos. 1
355 | 395
Figure 263: Equivalent Total Strain (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200
356 | 395
Figure 264: Equivalent von-Mises-Stress (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200
357 | 395
Figure 265: Total Deformation (Pos. 1, Detail 275) - LC 8200
32.4 Pos. 2: Min. Vz + Max. Utilization Level in Radial Beam

• Bodies: 7
• Nodes: 37242
• Elements: 7184
32.4.2 Materials
In following tables, the material properties of all steel elements are listed according to DIN EN
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
Table 74: Material of all Steel Parts (Pos. 2, Detail 275)
358 | 395

Radial Beam AR-021 and AR-022
RHS 250 x 150 x 16, S355
Steel Plates
Strut
RHS 250 x 150 x 16, S355
Figure 266: Components of Finite Element Model (Pos. 2, Detail 275)

359 | 395
Figure 267: Finite Element Mesh (Pos. 2, Detail 275)

32.4.6 Supports
The figure below shows the support which is applied to the FE-Model.
Figure 268: Fixed Support of Node Detail 275 (Pos. 2, Detail 275)
32.4.7 Applied Loads on Finite Element Model

360 | 395
LC 8800 - Min. Vz + Min. My
AR,r 1219.5 -0.51 -91.74 -1.02 -28.86 0.03
AR,l 784.7 -0.68 -202.13 -0.86 -61.38 0.39
Table 75: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8800
Figure 269: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8800
361 | 395
LC 8200 - Max. Utilization of Radial Beam

POS N VY VZ MT MY MZ
AR,l 796.1 -0.58 -201.65 -0.78 -61.14 0.36
AR,r 1229.2 -0.49 -92.24 -0.96 -28.78 0.02
Table 76: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8200
Figure 270: Applied Loads (Pos. 2, Detail 275) - LC 8200

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]
362 | 395

Table 77: Design Criteria Check - Detail 275, 276 and 277 - Pos. 2
LC 8800 - Min. Vz + Min. My
363 | 395
364 | 395
365 | 395
LC 8200 - Max. Utilization Level of Radial Beam
366 | 395
367 | 395
368 | 395
33 Detail 276
33.1 General
33.2 Design
Detail 276 is geometrical comparable to detail 275.The acting forces in detail 276 are smaller
compared to detail 275. Due to this fact, the design of detail 275 is also valid for 276.
369 | 395
34 Detail 277
34.1 General
34.2 Design
Detail 277 is geometrical comparable to detail 275.The acting forces in detail 277 are smaller
compared to detail 275. Due to this fact, the design of detail 275 is also valid for 277.
370 | 395
35 Detail 278
35.1 General


• Bodies: 7
• Nodes: 90460
• Elements: 17288
371 | 395
35.2.2 Materials
1993 [3].
t ≤ 40 mm S355 J2 2.10E+05 355
AR-021_3
RHS 250 x 150 x 8, S355
Strut
Steel Plates RHS 250 x 150 x 16, S355
Thickness t= 25 mm,
S355
Figure 280: Components of Node Detail 278

372 | 395

35.2.6 Supports

373 | 395
cases are taken and applied to the detail at the respective section length. The following load
cases are decisive and therefore taken into consideration:
• LC 8600: 1.2 x Dead Load + 1.6 x Roof Live Load + 0.8 x Wind Load +y neg
35.3.1 LC 8200 - Max. Utilization Level in Radial Beams + Vz + My

AR,l 282.55 -0.04 -107.05 -0.27 43.93 0.13
AR,r -68.30 -0.24 -105.43 -0.20 -42.37 0.29
Table 79: Applied Loads (Detail 278) - LC 8200 (Max. Utilization, Vz, My)
35.3.2 LC 8600 – Max. N

AR,l 276.50 0.10 -55.28 -0.03 33.25 0.13
AR,r 458.95 -0.03 -54.05 -0.06 -13.29 0.12
Table 80: Applied Loads (Detail 278) - LC 8600 (Max. N)
374 | 395

ULS
1993-1-1: 5.4.3 [3]

375 | 395
35.4.3 LC 8200 – Max. Utilization Level in Radial Beams + Vz + My
376 | 395
377 | 395
Figure 287: Total Deformation (Detail 278) – LC 8200
35.4.4 LC 8600 – Max. N
378 | 395
Figure 290: Total Deformation (Detail 278) – LC 8600
379 | 395
36 Detail 291
36.1 General
380 | 395

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -825.4 0 -23.36 0 38.57 0
max N 794.9 -0.06 -31.36 -0.02 18.65 0.98
min VY -157.5 -16.38 -26.48 -0.51 -6.08 7.59
max VY 198.5 17.39 -27.51 1.89 2.65 1.02
min VZ 256.5 -0.61 -115.66 0.51 -85.35 0.59
max VZ -212.1 -0.75 100.09 -0.26 -65.1 -1.91
min MT 42.1 -4.6 -8.31 -3.1 -7.65 5.69
max MT 127.6 1.95 71.29 3.37 -46.46 6.53
min MY 256.5 -0.61 -115.66 0.51 -85.35 0.59
max MY 544.7 0.35 -93.44 -0.05 72.98 1.14
min MZ -189.3 16.83 -21.97 0.74 -13.81 -13.79
max MZ -157.5 -16.25 -26.58 -0.48 -15.02 12.9
Design of Bolts
3.89 0.00 0.00 3.89 0.01 0.00 111.80 0.00 111.80 0.34 0.26
5.23 0.01 0.06 5.30 0.02 132.48 54.06 3.11 189.65 0.57 0.43
4.41 2.73 1.53 8.68 0.03 0.00 17.62 24.10 41.72 0.13 0.12
4.59 2.90 5.68 13.16 0.05 33.08 7.68 3.24 44.00 0.13 0.14
19.28 0.10 1.53 20.91 0.08 42.75 247.39 1.87 292.01 0.88 0.71
16.68 0.13 0.78 17.59 0.06 0.00 188.70 6.06 194.76 0.59 0.48
1.39 0.77 9.31 11.47 0.04 7.02 22.17 18.06 47.25 0.14 0.14
11.88 0.33 10.13 22.33 0.08 21.27 134.67 20.73 176.66 0.53 0.46
19.28 0.10 1.53 20.91 0.08 42.75 247.39 1.87 292.01 0.88 0.71
15.57 0.06 0.15 15.78 0.06 90.78 211.54 3.62 305.94 0.93 0.72
3.66 2.81 2.22 8.69 0.03 0.00 40.03 43.78 83.81 0.25 0.21
4.43 2.71 1.44 8.58 0.03 0.00 43.54 40.95 84.49 0.26 0.21
381 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -825.4 0 -23.36 0 38.57 0
max N 794.9 -0.06 -31.36 -0.02 18.65 0.98
min VY -157.5 -16.38 -26.48 -0.51 -6.08 7.59
max VY 198.5 17.39 -27.51 1.89 2.65 1.02
min VZ 256.5 -0.61 -115.66 0.51 -85.35 0.59
max VZ -212.1 -0.75 100.09 -0.26 -65.1 -1.91
min MT 42.1 -4.6 -8.31 -3.1 -7.65 5.69
max MT 127.6 1.95 71.29 3.37 -46.46 6.53
min MY 256.5 -0.61 -115.66 0.51 -85.35 0.59
max MY 544.7 0.35 -93.44 -0.05 72.98 1.14
min MZ -189.3 16.83 -21.97 0.74 -13.81 -13.79
max MZ -157.5 -16.25 -26.58 -0.48 -15.02 12.9
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
Flange


382 | 395


[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
383 | 395
37 Detail 292
37.1 General
384 | 395

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
-294 -5.25 75 1.66 -1.65 5
240 5.5 192 1.66 -30 5
Design of Bolts
12.50 0.88 4.78 18.16 0.07 0.00 4.58 15.87 20.46 0.06 0.11
32.00 0.92 4.78 37.70 0.14 40.00 83.33 15.87 139.21 0.42 0.44
37.3 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seam

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
-294 -5.25 75 1.66 -1.65 5
240 5.5 192 1.66 -30 5
385 | 395
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
386 | 395
38 Detail 293
38.1 General
387 | 395

Bolts
Geometry
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -804.6 1.40 -198.90 -0.88 -59.46 0.29
max N 796.5 -0.58 -199.96 -0.78 30.84 0.10
min VY 643.0 -2.87 -153.36 -1.52 23.47 -1.83
max VY 637.4 2.84 -153.11 1.56 23.49 1.86
min VZ 785.0 -0.67 -200.95 -0.85 -61.38 0.39
max VZ -314.5 -0.59 -75.08 0.34 12.05 -0.34
min MT -591.5 0.27 -151.84 -1.76 24.05 -0.62
max MT -589.8 -0.40 -151.57 1.82 24.06 0.61
min MY 785.0 -0.67 -200.95 -0.85 -61.38 0.39
max MY -790.3 -1.30 -197.53 0.72 31.91 -0.89
min MZ 492.2 -2.77 -115.29 -1.39 17.59 -1.84
max MZ 488.1 2.74 -115.11 1.44 17.60 1.87
Design of Bolts
33.15 0.23 2.42 35.80 0.13 0.00 162.90 0.90 163.80 0.50 0.48
33.33 0.10 2.14 35.56 0.13 132.75 84.49 0.31 217.55 0.66 0.60
25.56 0.48 4.17 30.21 0.11 107.17 64.30 5.67 177.14 0.54 0.49
25.52 0.47 4.28 30.27 0.11 106.23 64.36 5.77 176.36 0.53 0.49
33.49 0.11 2.33 35.94 0.13 130.83 168.16 1.21 300.21 0.91 0.78
12.51 0.10 0.93 13.54 0.05 0.00 33.01 1.05 34.07 0.10 0.12
25.31 0.05 4.83 30.18 0.11 0.00 65.89 1.92 67.81 0.21 0.26
25.26 0.07 5.00 30.32 0.11 0.00 65.92 1.89 67.81 0.21 0.26
33.49 0.11 2.33 35.94 0.13 130.83 168.16 1.21 300.21 0.91 0.78
32.92 0.22 1.98 35.11 0.13 0.00 87.42 2.76 90.18 0.27 0.32
19.22 0.46 3.82 23.49 0.09 82.03 48.19 5.71 135.93 0.41 0.38
19.19 0.46 3.95 23.59 0.09 81.35 48.22 5.80 135.37 0.41 0.38
388 | 395

Cross Section
Material
Actions
N Vy Vz Mt My Mz
Load Case
min N -804.6 1.40 -198.90 -0.88 -59.46 0.29
max N 796.5 -0.58 -199.96 -0.78 30.84 0.10
min VY 643.0 -2.87 -153.36 -1.52 23.47 -1.83
max VY 637.4 2.84 -153.11 1.56 23.49 1.86
min VZ 785.0 -0.67 -200.95 -0.85 -61.38 0.39
max VZ -314.5 -0.59 -75.08 0.34 12.05 -0.34
min MT -591.5 0.27 -151.84 -1.76 24.05 -0.62
max MT -589.8 -0.40 -151.57 1.82 24.06 0.61
min MY 785.0 -0.67 -200.95 -0.85 -61.38 0.39
max MY -790.3 -1.30 -197.53 0.72 31.91 -0.89
min MZ 492.2 -2.77 -115.29 -1.39 17.59 -1.84
max MZ 488.1 2.74 -115.11 1.44 17.60 1.87
Normal Stress σ
Utilization
[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
389 | 395

Flange




[N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] [N/mm²]
390 | 395
39 Detail 294
39.1 General
39.2 Design
The acting forces in detail 294 are equal to those of detail 291. Due to this fact, the design of
detail 291 is also valid for 294.
391 | 395
40 Conclusion
This report summarizes the detail analysis of the relevant connections in POD 2. It is verified,
that details can safely carry the applied loads.
41 References
[1] Saudi Building Code SBC
[2] Basis of Structural Design: EN 1990
[3] Design of steel structures: EN 1993-1:2010-12
[4] Execution of steel structures: EN 1090
[5] Actions on Structures: EN 1991-1-1
[6] Design of steel structures: EN 1993-1-8 :2010-12
[7] 2034-SLR-TR-04-004-R0-POD2 - Structural Design - 2020.08.05
[8] Overview Connection Detail (SL Rasch, 24.08.2020): “2034 - Detail
Overview_20200911.pdf”
[9] Detail Design (SL Rasch, 05.08.2020): “Details-209_AS-045__R04_Statik.stp”
[10] Finite-Element-Software Ansys Workbench 18.0 from Ansys Inc., Canonsburg
(www.ansys.com)
[11] 2034-SLR-TR-04-010-R0-POD1+POD2 - Structural Design of Steel Inserts -
2020.07.17
[12] Structural Thermal Break Connections, [https://www.farrat.com/wp-
content/uploads/2019/10/FTB-UK-Farrat-Structural-Thermal-Breaks-19b-1.pdf]
[13] 2034-SLR-TR-04-001-R0-POD1+POD2 - Structural Design Requirements
[14] 2034-SLR-TR-00-000-R7-ADF - Technical Description and Specifications
392 | 395
Appendix A: Overview
393 | 395
394 | 395
These drawings. Photographs and all information contained herein are the property of SL Rasch GmbH and
their use is authorized only in connection with the product for which they were provided.
Neither these drawings nor their contents thereof shall be disclosed to any other party for their use without
the written consent of SL Rasch GmbH.
The use or disclosure of these drawings or the contents thereof for any other purpose is prohibited. Anyone
doing so will be held liable therefore.
© SL RASCH 2020
395 | 395

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Al Dariyah Farm Project

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SL Rasch GmbH | Special & Lightweight Structures

Prepared by: SL Rasch GmbH Special & Lightweight Structures

For: M/s Modern Building Leaders

0 First Issue 29.12.2020 DT/PS/AA SS

10.1 General .................................................................................................................. 128

19.1 General .................................................................................................................. 234

30 Detail 273............................................................................................................. 314

Figure 36: Applied Loads (1b, Detail 212) - LC 8200 .................................................................... 81

Figure 184: Fixed Support of Node Detail 271 ............................................................................ 291

Figure 221: Applied Loads (Detail 273) - LC 8200 ...................................................................... 318

Figure 1: Overview of Connection Details [8]

The structural verification of the foundation inserts is shown in [11].

2.1 Design Standards and Codes of Practice

2.2 Design Approach

2.3 Software used for the Structural Analysis

Figure 2: Overview and Isometry of Detail 201

3.2 Design of Base Plate

Base Plate 125mm

Figure 3: Detail 201

Design of Base Plate based on EN 1993-1-1

Figure 4: Overview and Isometry of Detail 202

4.2 Design of Base Plate

Figure 5: Detail 202

Design of Base Plate based on EN 1993-1-1

Figure 6: Overview and Isometry of Detail 203

5.2 Design of Base Plate

Figure 7: Detail 203

Design of Base Plate based on EN 1993-1-1

Connection in AE-010 (Inner Chord)

Connection in AE-010 (Upper Chord)

Connection in AE-010 (lower Chord)

Figure 8: Overview and Isometry of Detail 211

6.2 Design of Connection in AR-020

Shear Force - FvEd Tensile Force - FtEd Interaction

aw,w1 = 3 mm Weld thickness web 1

βw = 0.90 Correlation coefficient

Design Resistance of Butt Weld - Flange - non-through weldeded Butt Joint

Normal Stress σ⊥,f Shear Stress τ∥,f Check Directional Method

σ⊥,w τ∥,w Check Directional Method

6.3 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Upper Chord)

Shear Force - FvEd Tensile Force - FtEd Interaction

6.3.2 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seams

Welding Seam Properties

aw,w1 = 3 mm Weld thickness web 1

βw = 0.90 Correlation coefficient

Design Resistance of Butt Weld - Flange - non-through weldeded Butt Joint

Normal Stress σ⊥,f Shear Stress τ∥,f Check Directional Method

Design Resistance of Butt Weld - Web - DHU/DHY

σ⊥,w τ∥,w Check Directional Method

6.4 Design of Connection in AE-010 (Lower Chord)

Shear Force - FvEd Tensile Force - FtEd Interaction

6.4.2 Design of Cross-Section and Welding Seam

aw,w1 = 3 mm Weld thickness web 1

βw = 0.90 Correlation coefficient

Normal Stress σ⊥,f Shear Stress τ∥,f Check Directional Method

σ⊥,w τ∥,w Check Directional Method