Farzam Kharvari, Lorenz Ewald Kaiser,

Impact of extended reality on architectural education and the design process,

Automation in Construction,
Volume 141,
2022,
104393,
ISSN 0926-5805,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104393.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926580522002667)
Abstract: This paper presents a systematic review of how extended reality
technologies (XR-technologies) affect the learning outcomes and students'
performance in architectural education. Based on a modified PICO-strategy and the
framework analysis of the findings of previous researches on immersive
environments, this paper elucidates the impact of XR-technologies, including
virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), on Bryan
Lawson's five phases of the design process. Furthermore, this study investigates
the applications of XR-technologies in different courses of architectural
education. The results are categorized into four different course types that were
derived from the reviewed article. The results show that XR-technologies, including
VR, AR, and MR are capable of enhancing various stages of the design process and
improving learning outcomes in educational courses among architecture students.
Similarly, the application of such environments is also suitable for professional
architectural design and inclusion of end-users in the design process.
Keywords: Virtual reality; Augmented reality; Mixed reality; Architectural
education; Design process; Learning outcomes