PRESENTED BY

SUBHANON BERA
• Introduction to IC
An Integrated Circuit (IC) chip is a device with large number of electronic circuits built onto
a tiny plate of semiconductor material which is usually silicon.
• VLSI refers to Very Large Scale Intergration.
So, a VLSI -IC is where millions and billions of transistors, resistors, capacitors are placed on a
small piece of silicon to perform the required functionality/logic.
• Microprocessors in a Personal Computer, Laptops, Mobile phones, chips in a Graphic card,
Digital cameras, Automatic cars etc are the few applications of VLSI, An SOC (System on
chip) is also a type of IC

IC
As per Moore's Law (proposed in 1960's), the no of transistors on a chip would double in every
18 months,
Also reducing the Area (x) by half ie x/2,
educing the Power (y)by sqrt 2 times ie y/V2,
Increasing the Performance (2) twice ie z*2.
• Performance means the speed of operation in terms of clock frequency. Higher frequency ICs
makes the operations faster requiring lesser time as, frequency proportional to 1/time period.

• Therefore, the job of a VLSI Design Engineer is to design an IC which meets the required
functionality with best Quality of Results ie QOR in terms of less area, high
performance/speed, low power, low cost etc..
 VLSI-IC Design Flow Specification

Architectural Desine

RTI Coding & Functional

Verification

Logic Synthesis

Logic Verification &Testing

Physical Design

Physical Verification &

Testing

Fabrication

Packaging & Testing

Chip