G.C.E. (A.L.

) Support Seminar - 2016

Combined Mathematics - Paper I
Answer Guide

Part A
+
Let f(n) = 4 + 15n − 1; n ∈ Z
n
1.
When n = 1, f(1) = 4 + 15 − 1 = 18 = 9 × 2
∴ f(1) is divisible by 9.
∴ The statement is true when n = 1. 5
+
Let us assume that the given expression is divisible by 9 when n = p " p ∈ Z
+
That is, f(p) = 4 + 15p − 1 = 9k ; k ∈ Z . 5
p

f(p + 1) = 4 + 15(p + 1) − 1
p+ 1

= 4. 4 + 15p + 15 − 1
p

= 4 [9k − 15p + 1] + 15p + 15 − 1 5

= 4 × 9k − 45p + 18

= 9 [4k − 5p + 2]
+
= 9 λ ; λ = 4k − 5p + 2 ∈ Z
∴ f(p + 1) is divisible by 9.

∴ The statement is true when n = p + 1 5

∴ By the Principle of Mathematical Induction, the given expression is divisible by 9 for all positive
integers n' 5
25

(√ 2 + 7
2. 10

( (7
1
5 10
( 1 10 − r 1 r
= Σ 10 ( (
r=0
C r 22 5

( (7
11 − r r −1

Tr =
10
Cr− 1 2
( 2 ( 5
; here 1 ≤ r ≤ 11' 5
Since 2 and 7 are primes, for a term to be rational 11 − r = 2p and r − 1 = 5q ;

where p, q ∈ Z .
+ 5

That is r ∈ {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11} ∩ {1, 6, 11 } 5

∴ r = 1 or 11' 5
∴ The sum of the rational terms = C 0 2 + C 10 7 = 32 + 49 = 81
10 5 10 2

5

25

[ see page 2
 -2-

3. The number of ways in which a group of 5 can be formed 14

= C
without restriction 5

= 2002 5

The number of groups with 5 boys = C
8

5
= 56 5

The number of groups with 5 girls = C
6

5

= 6 5
∴ The number of ways in which a group of 5 can be formed
such that both sexes are represented in the group
= C − C + C
5
(
8 6
14

5 5
(
= 2002 − 56 − 6 5
= 1940 5
25

4. y (imaginary)

B(0, 6) θ 5

(0, 3) θ
P(Z)

5
π/4
0
A(3, 0) x (real)

As indicated in the figure, the point which corresponds to the complex number Z = Z0 such that
Arg Z = π and Arg (Z − 3) = π is P. 5 According to the figure θ = 4
π 5
4 2
∴ Arg (Z0 − 6i) = 7π 5 25

4

5. lim (1 + kx)2 − (1 − kx)2

x 0
√ 1 + k2x − √ 1 − k2x

= lim 1 + 2kx + k x − 1 + 2kx − k x

x 0
2 2 2 2
× (√ 1 + k x + √
2
1 − k2x ) 10
(1 + k 2x) − (1 − k2 x)

= lim 4kx
x 0 2k2x (√ 1 + k x + √ 2
1 − k2x ) ; k, x = 0

= 2 lim
0
(√ 1 + k x + √ 2
1 − k2x ) = ( 2k ) × 2 = 4
5
k x k
4
= 1 5
k
∴ k = 4 5 25

[ see page 3
 -3-
6. y

y = (x − 2)
2
5

x
0 2 y = 4 − 2x

Area =
0
∫{ (4 − 2x) − (x −2)2 dx } 5
2 2

=
0
∫ (4 − 2x) dx −
0
∫ (x −2)2 dx

[ ] [ ]
2
4x − 2x
2
− (x −2)
2 3
=
2 0 3 0

5 5
= (8 − 4) − [ 0 + 83 ]
8
= 4− 3
4
= 3
5
25

7. Differentiating with respect to t"
dx dy
= 2t = 3at2 − 2t 5
dt dt

dy dy dt
= .
dx dt dx
dy
= (3at2 − 2t) . 1 =
3at − 2 ; t 0
≠ 5
dx 2t 2

(dxdy ) = 3a − 2 ( ) dy
3a − 2
,
t=1
5 dx t= −1 = −
2
2
Since the tangents are perpendicular to each other,

( 3a2− 2 ) (− 3a2− 2 ) = −1 5

9a − 4 = 4 ⇒ a = 8 /9
2 2

2 √2
Since a > 0, a =

3 5 25

[ see page 4
 -4-
8. C (3t, −t) B (4, −3)

A(2, −1) D

E = (3, −2)
Since AB is perpendicular to CE,
mAB × mCE = −1'

∴ −1 × −2 + t
3 − 3t
( ) = −1 5

5
⇒ t = 5
4

4
(
∴ C = 15 , − 5
4
) 5

Let D = ( x, y ) ' Then,

5
x = 2 × 3 − 3t = 6 − 3 × 5 = 9
4 4
y = 2 × −2 + t = − 4 + 5 = − 11
4 4
4
(
∴ D = 9 , − 11
4 5 ) 25

9.
0
2=
+1

y
4y
−
3x

C
(h,h)

0 x

[ see page 5
 -5-

Let S ≡ x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 be a required circle.

Since the circle touches the x and y axes, C = (h,h) 5
Furthermore, since the line 3x − 4y +12 = 0 touches the circle,
3h − 4h +12
=h 5
√ 32 + 42

−h +12 =5 h 5
⇔ (−h +12) = ±5h

∴ h = −3 or h = 2' 5
∴ the equations of the circles are
2 2 2
(x − 2) + (y − 2) = 2

5
2 2 2
(x + 3) + (y + 3) = 3

25

10. cot α − tan α

1
= − tan α
tan α

= 1 − tan2 α
tan α

= 2 (1 − tan2 α)
= 2
2 tan α tan 2α

= 2 cot 2α
5

cotα − tan α = 2 cot2 α 1

∴ cot2α − tan 2α = 2 cot4 α 2 5

cot4α − tan4α = 2 cot8 α 3 5

From 1 + 2 × 2 + 4 × 3

cot α − tan α − 2 tan 2 α − 4 tan 4α = 8 cot 8α

10
25
cot α = tanα + 2 tan 2 α + 4 tan 4α + 8 cot 8α

[ see page 6
 -6-

Part B

11. (a) ax2 + bx + c = 0

[
a x2 + bx + c
a a ]=0
a [(x + b ) − b + c ] = 0
2 2

2a 4a a 2

[( ) − (b − 4ac ]
2
a x+ b
2
) = 0
10
2a 4a2
20
The condition to have coincident roots is b2 − 4ac = 0' 10

a + b k
x+c x − c = 2x
a(x − c) + b(x + c)
= k
x −c
2 2 2x

x2 [k − 2a − 2b] − 2(bc − ac) x − kc2 = 0 10

For coincident roots,

4(bc − ac)2 − 4(k − 2a − 2b) (− kc2 ) = 0 10

That is, k2 − 2(a + b) k + (b − a )2 = 0 5
If k1 and k2 are the roots of the above equation, then

k1 + k2 = 2(a + b) 5 k1 k2 = (b − a)2 5

(k1 − k2)
2
= (k1 + k2)2 − 4 k1 k2 10
= 4(a + b)2 − 4(b − a)
2


= 16ab
∴ k1 − k2 = 4 √ ab 10

55

(b) f(x) = (λ+ 1)x2 + (6 − 3λ)x +(20 − 12λ)

(i) f(x) is linear when λ = − 1' 5

(ii) Let the roots be α and − α' 5

Then α + (−α) = − (6 − 3λ) 5
(λ+ 1)
∴ 0 = 6 − 3λ. Hence λ = 2. 5

[ see page 7
 -7-

(iii) f(x) = h − b (x − a)2 = h − b (x2 − 2ax + a2) = − bx2 + 2abx + (h − ba2)

f(x) = (λ + 1)x2 + (6 − 3λ)x + (20 − 12λ) 5
∴ by comparing the coefficients, − b = λ + 1 ⇒ b = −(λ + 1) 1 5
3 (2 − λ)

2ab = 6 − 3λ ⇒ a = − 2 5
2 (λ + 1)
(2 − λ)2

h − ba2 = 20 − 12λ ⇒ h = 4( 5 − 3λ) − 9 3 10
4 (λ + 1)

Since the maximum value of f(x) occurs at x = 2, we obtain that a = 2. 5

2 ⇒ 4( λ + 1) = −( 6 − 3λ) ⇒ 4 λ + 4 = − 6 + 3λ ⇒ λ = − 10 5
2
9 (2 + 10) 10
h = 4( 5 + 30) −
4 (−10 + 1)

∴ the maximum value of f(x) = 176 10 75

12. (a) Since the solution set of the inequality l − 5x < kx −3 is {x | −2 < x < 4/9}, the two graphs
are as illustrated below

1
y
2
A 10

y y = −l 10
5x
-5 kx + 3
= −
=
x+ y −3
kx
l B y =

−2 0 l/5 x
4/9 3/k
1 y = l − 5x

2 y = kx −3

For point A ( l + 10 = 2k + 3 5
l − 2k = −7 (i) 5

For point B ( − l + 5 . 4 = −k . 4 + 3 5
9 9
− 9l + 4k = 7 (ii) 5
50
by (i) and (ii) l = 1 " 5 k = 4 5

[ see page 8
 -8-

(b) Sn = 3n 5
2n + 1
lim S = 3
n ∞ n 2 5

The limit is finite. 5

Therefore, the series is convergent. 5

Ur = Sr − Sr−1 5
3r
= − 3(r − 1) 5
2r + 1 2r − 1

Ur 3
=
4r2 − 1 5

n
r 2 3
Let Sn ='
Σ
r=1 4r − 1
2 5

n 3 (4r2 − 1) + 3
Σ 4 4 5
=
r=1 (4r − 1)
2

n n
3 + 1 3 10
= Σ
r=1 4 4 r = 1 4r − 1
2
Σ

= 3n + 1 S
5
4 4 n
5
= 3n + 1 3n 5
'
4 4 (2n + 1)

=
3n 1 +
4
{1
2n + 1 } 5

3n (n + 1)
=
2(2n + 1) 5

{ }
n
1
Therefore nlim ∞ Σ r U = nlim ∞ 3n 1 +
2
5
r
r=1 4 2n + 1
= ∞ 5

The limit is not finite. 5

∴ the series is not convergent. 5 100

[ see page 9
 -9-
13. (a) 3 p
det A = = − 9 + 2p 5
−2 −3

A−1 exists only if det A ≠ 0'

[ ]
That is, if p ≠ 9/2 5
1 − 3 −p
A−1 =
(2p − 9) 2 3 5

[ ] [ ]
A−1 = A

1 − 3 −p 3 p
= 5
(2p − 9) 2 3 −2 −3

Comparing the corresponding elements,

3 −p
− = 3 = p 5
2p − 9 2p − 9

2 3
= −2 , = −3
2p − 9 2p − 9 5

5 5
⇒ 2p − 9 = −1 and p [1 + 2p − 9] = 0
Since p ≠ 0 we have that p = 4 5

Therefore, A =
[ ]
3
−2 −3
4

A−1 = A
⇒ AA = A . A = A
−1 2

5
∴I = A
2

⇒0 = A − I
2

5
⇒ 0 = (A − I) (A + I) ; I = I
2

[ ] [ ]
This is of the form, 0 = BC,

3 4 1 0
where B = A − I = −
5 −2 −3 0 1

=
[ ] [ ]
2
−2 −4
4
= 2
−1
1
−2
2

[ see page 10
 - 10 -

[ ] [ ]
and
3 4 1 0
C= A + I = +
−2 −3 0 1

[ ] [ ]
5
4 4 2 2
= = 2
−2 −2 −1 −1 5

75

(b) (i) Let Z = x + iy, where x, y ∈ R 5
Z Z = (x + iy) (x − iy)

= x2 + y2 5

( )
2

= √ x2 + y2
2
= Z
2 10
∴ Z Z = Z '

(ii) Let Z1 = x1 + iy1 and Z2 = x2 + iy2 where x1, x2, y1, y2 ∈ R'

Z1 Z2 = (x1 + iy1 ) (x2 + iy2 )

= x1 x2 + i x1 y2 + i y1 x2 + i 2y1y2
= (x1 x2 − y1 y2 ) + i (x1 y2 + y1 x2 ) 5
∴ Z1 Z2 = (x1 x2 − y1 y2 ) − i (x1 y2 + y1 x2 )
= x1 (x2 − i y2 ) − iy1 (−i y2 + x2 )
= (x1 − iy1 ) (x2 − i y2 ) 5

10
Z1 Z2 = Z1 Z2

(iii) Z1 − 2 Z2 = 1
2 − Z1 Z2

Z 1 − 2 Z2 2 − Z1 Z2
5
⇒ =
2
⇒ Z − 2 Z 2= 2 − Z Z 5
1 2 1 2

( )( ( )(

⇒ Z

1
− 2 Z 2
Z 1
− 2 Z 2 = 2 − Z1 Z2 2 − Z1 Z2

) ) 5

⇒ (Z 1
− 2 Z2 ) (Z 1
− 2 Z2 ) = (2 − Z Z ) (2 − Z Z )
1 2 1 2
5

[ see page 11
 - 11 -

Z1 Z1 − 2 Z1 Z2 − 2 Z2 Z1 + 4 Z2 Z2 = 4 − 2 Z Z − 2 Z Z + Z Z Z Z 5
1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

2 2
Z1 + 4 Z2 = 4 + Z1
2
Z2
2

2 2 2 2
Z1 + 4 Z2 − Z1 . Z2 − 4 = 0

Z1
2
(1 − Z2
2
) (
− 4 1 − Z2
2
)=0
(1 − Z2
2
) (Z 1
2
−4 ) = 0
5

2
Since Z2 ≠ 1" Z1 − 4 = 0
2
∴ Z1 = 4

5 35
Since Z1 > 0, Z1 = 2

(c)
Z−3 <2 Arg (Z − 3) = π
3
Imaginary axis Imaginary axis

π/3
0 (1, 0) (5, 0) 0 (1, 0)
(3, 0) (3, 0) (5, 0)
Real axis Real axis

∴ The locus of the point P which represents the complex number Z such that Z − 3 < 2 and
Arg (Z − 3) = π ;
3

Imaginary axis

5
B
5
2
5
π/3
0 A (3, 0) Real axis
5 20

[ see page 12
 - 12 -

14. (a) y = (sin x)x 0 ≤ x ≤ π

2
ln y = x ln sin x 10

1 dy = ln sin x + x cot x 10
y dx

dy
∴ = [x cot x + ln (sin x) ] (sin x)x 5 25
dx

(b) Volume of the tank = πx2 y + 2 πx3

3

∴ πx2 y + 2 πx3 = 45π
5
3
∴ 45

= x2 (y + 2 x)

3

y = 452 − 2 x 5
x 3

Surface area of the tank

A = 2πx + πx + 2πxy
2 2 10
A = 3πx + 2πxy
2

A = 3πx + 2πx
2
( 45x − 23 x )
2

A = 3πx + 90π − 4π x
2 2

x 3

A= 5π x2 + 90π
3 x
5

dA
= 10πx − 2
90π

dx 3 x
5

10π (x − 27)
3
=
3x2
= 10π2 (x − 3) (x + 3x + 9)
2

3x 5

dA
= 0 when x = 3. 5
dx
x 0<x<3 3<x
5
dA < 0 > 0
dx

∴ The surface area is minimum when x = 3. 5

y = 45 −
6
9 3

= 3 5
55

[ see page 13
 - 13 -

a b
(c) f(x) = 2 +
(x − 1) (x + 1)

Since f(0) = 2"

a + b = 2 1 5
/
f (x) = 2a b
− 3 − 5
(x − 1) (x + 1)
2

/
Since f (0) = 0"

2a − b = 0 2 5

2 4
Form 1 and 2 " a = 3 , b = 3 5

1 4
= − 4 (x − 1)3 − 3(x + 1)2
/
f (x)
3
5

{ }
(x + 1) + (x − 1)
2 3
= − 4
3 (x − 1) (x + 1)
3 2

3 (x − 1) (x + 1) ]
=− 4 [
x − 2x + 5x
3 2
3 2

3 (x − 1) (x + 1) ]
= − 4x [
x − 2x + 5
2
3 2

3 (x − 1) (x + 1) ]
= − 4x [
(x − 1) + 4
2

3 2

5
/
Since (x − 1) + 4 > 0 for all x ∈ R, we have that f (x) = 0 if and only if x = 0.
2

x −∞ < x < −1 −1 < x < 0 0<x<1 1<x<∞
/
f (x) < 0 < 0 > 0 < 0 10

f decreases f decreases f increases f decreases

The function f has a relative minimum at x = 0' 5

Then f(0) = 2.

When x ± ∞ we have that f(x) 0.

x −1 , f (x)
−
−∞

−1 , f (x)
+
x +∞
10
1 , f (x)
−
x +∞

1 , f (x)
+
x +∞

[ see page 14
 - 14 -

y

−1 0 1 x

Graph of f 10

Graph of f 5
70

1 1
dx dx
15. (a) I =
0
∫ (2 + x)
1/ 2
(2 − x)
3/ 2 =
0
∫ (4 − x2)1/2 (2 − x)

By substituting x = 2 sin θ" 5

dx = 2 cos θ dθ 5
x = 0, sin θ = 0
θ = 0
x = 1, sin θ = 1
2
5
θ = π
6
π
/6
2 cos θ


I =
0
∫ (4 − 4sin2 θ) / 2 (2 − 2sin θ)
1
dθ 5

π
/6
2 cos θ
=
0
∫ 2 cos θ 2(1− sin θ)
dθ

π
/6 π π

∫
/6 /6
1 1 + sin θ
dθ = 1 1
=
2 0 cos2 θ 2
0
∫ sec dθ
2 +
2
0
∫ secθ tanθ dθ 5

[tan θ [sec θ
π π
1 [ /6
1 [ /6
=
2
+
2 5
0 0

[ see page 15
 - 15 -

[
[
5
1 1 + 2 5
= − 1 = √3 − 1
2 √3 √3 2
5 50

A Bx + C 5
(b) G(x) = +
x+2 x2+ 8

1 = A (x2+ 8) + (Bx + C) (x + 2) 5

Coefficient of x2 ( 0 = A+ B ⇒ A = −B
5
Coefficient of x ( 0 = 2B + C ⇒ C = −2B

Constant: ( 1 = 8A + 2C 5

1 = −8B − 4B ⇒ 12B = −1

⇒ B =− 1 5
12

A = 1 " C = 1
12 6
5 5

1

g(x) = ∫ (x + 2) (x2 + 8)
dx


x
g(x) =
1
12
(x
1
+ 2)
dx − 1
∫
12 (x + 8)
2
dx + 1
6 (x
1
2
+ 8) ∫
dx
∫ 5

( (
1 ln |x + 2| − 1 ln (x2+ 8) + 1 tan−1 x
= 12 +C
24 6
2 √2
5

[ [

( (
1
= 24 ln (x + 2) + 1 1 x
2
tan−1 +C
x+8
2 6 2 √2 2 √2
5 5
1
= 24 ln (x + 2) +
[ [ ( (
2
1 x
tan−1 +C
x+8
2
12√ 2 2 √2
60
5

(c) In =
∫ x sin x dx
n

∫
= − x d (cos x)
n

dx
5

= − x cos x + (cos x) nx dx
n n−1
∫ 10

[ see page 16
 - 16 -

= − x cos x + n
n
∫ x
n−1
d (sin x)
dx 5

= − x cos x + n
n
{x n−1

∫
sin x − sin x(n − 1) xn − 2 dx
{ 10

= − x cos x + nx sin x − n(n − 1) In − 2 5

n n−1

In + n(n − 1) In − 2 = x
n−1
[n sin x − x cos x] 5
40

16. (a)
Let P ( x, y ) be an arbitrary point on any one of the
angle bisectors.
N 5
PL = PN 5

0
= 2
c
a1x + b1y + c1 a2x + b2y + c2

+
5

by
=

2
√a1 + b2
2 2
√a2 + b2
2 2

+
P ( x, y )

ax
2
∴ a1x + b1y + c1 = ± a2x + b2y + c2
5
√a12 + b22 √a22 + b22
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 L
By replacing x by x, and y by y 5

a1x + b1y + c1 a2x + b2y + c2

= ± 5
√a12 + b22 √a22 + b22

The equations of the angle bisectors;

4x + y + 3 x + 4y − 3 5
= ±
√4 + 1 2 2
√ 42 + 12
+ : 3x − 3y + 6 = 0 ⇒ x−y+2 =0
5

− : 5x + 5y = 0 ⇒ x+y =0

By solving x + y = 0 and x − y + 2 = 0 we obtain

x = −1, y =1
5
Let A = (−1, 1)

B = (0, 2) lies on the line given by x − y + 2 = 0' 5

Let P = (x, y) be a point on the line given by x + y = 0

Since PA is perpendicular to PB,

[ see page 17
 - 17 -

( yx +− 11) × 1 = −1 5

y −1 x+ 1 5
= = t ; t is a parameter.
−1 1

∴ x = −1 + t, y = 1−t

Let T be the value of t corresponding to the point D which lies on x + y = 0 and is such that
AD = AB.
Then D = (−1 + T, 1 − T) 5

AD = AB ⇒ T + T = 1 + 1 = 2 5
2 2 2 2 2 2

T = ±1 5

∴ D = (0, 0) or (−2 , +2)

5 5

When D ≡ (0, 0) the equation of the side CD is D C

x − y =0 5
/ / /
When D ≡ (−2, +2) the equation of the side C D is
A B (0, 2)
x − y +4 = 0 5 (−1, 1)

/
The equation of the side BC and the side BC is
/ /
x + y −2 = 0 D C
5
100

S = x2 + y2 − 2x + 4y − 3 =0
1
(b)

Let S = x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0. Here g, f, c are constants. 5

Since S = 0 is bisected by S = 0, the centre of S = 0 lies on the line 5

1

S − S = 0 given by
1

− 2x(g + 1) − 2y (f − 2) − 3 − c = 0 5

∴ 2(g) (g + 1) + 2(f) (f − 2) − c − 3 = 0 1 5

Since the circle S = 0 passes through the point (1, 1),

1 + 1 + 2g + 2f + c = 0
2 2

∴ c = − 2g − 2f − 2 2 5

[ see page 18
 - 18 -
From 1 and 2 ,

2g + 2g + 2f − 4f − (− 2g − 2f − 2) − 3 = 0 5
2 2

2g + 2f + 4g − 2f − 1 = 0 5
2 2

2(−g) + 2(−f ) − 4(−g) + 2(−f ) − 1 = 0

2 2

∴ the point (−g, − f) lies on the circle 2x2 + 2y2 − 4x + 2y − 1 = 0 5

The centre of this circle is (1, − 1 ) and its radius is 5
2
7
r =
√ 1 + 142
+ 1
2
=
√ 4

√7 50
= 5
2

A
17. (a)
a = BC = BD + DC
a = c cos B + b cos C
c b
5

B D C

a
A
a = b cos C + 0

= b cos C + c cos 90° 5
b = b cos C + c cos B
c

B a C
A
a = BC = CD − BD

= b cos C − c cos (π − B) 5
c b
= b cos C + c cos B

π−B
D B a C

Similarly, b = a cos C + c cos A

a cos C = b − c cos A
a2 cos2 C = b2 − 2bc cos A + c2 cos2 A 10
a − a sin C = b + c − 2bc cos A − c sin A
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

[ see page 19
 - 19 -
a2 + c2 sin2 A − a2 sin2 C = b2 + c2 − 2bc cos A ; since a = c
sin A sin C
= 0 5

∴ a2 = b2 + c2 − 2bc cos A

cos A = b + c − a
2 2 2

2bc

a, b, c are in an arithmetic progression. Therefore,

a + c = 2b 5
b cos C + c cos B + a cos B + b cos A = 2b 5
cos A + cos C + 2 cos B = 2

( ) ( )
A−C
2 cos A + C cos = 2 (1 − cos B)
2 2
5
2 cos π −
2 2
B
( ) cos
(
A−C
2

) = 4 sin2 B
2

( )
A−C 50
cos = 2 sin B 5
2 2

(b)
0 < x, y < π
2

∴ 0 < π −y< π 5
2 2
sin x > cos y = sin π − y
2 ( ) 5

sin x > sin π − y

2 ( )
As the angle increases in the domain (0, π ), the sine value also increases.
2
Therefore, 10

∴ x > π −y 5
2


x+y> π 25
2

(c) f(x) = 3 cos2 x + 8 sin x cos x − 3 sin2 x

= 3 cos2x + 4 sin2x 5
5

= 5( 3 cos2x + 4 sin2x) 5
5 5
= 5(sinα cos2x + cosα sin 2x)

= 5sin(2x+ α)

[ see page 20
 - 20 -

= A sin(2x + α) 5

Here A = 5, and α is an acute angle such that tan α = 3 ' 5

4
f(x) = 5
2
5sin(2x + α) = 5
2
1 = sin π
sin(2x + α) = 5
2 6
2x + α = n π + (−1) π 5
n

6
nπ α
+ (−1) π , here n ∈ Z
x =
n
−
2 2 12
5

f(x) = 5 sin(2x + α)

Maximum f(x) = 5 ; x = π − α
4 2
5 5

Minimum f(x) = − 5 ; x = − π − α (Since α < π )

4 2 4

5 5

π α
− −
4 2

x
15
− π 0 π α π
2 −
4 2 2

−3
−5

75
 G.C.E. (A.L.) Support Seminar - 2016
Combined Mathematics - Paper II
Answer Guide

Part A

2 2
1. Applying v = u + 2as to m
2
v = 2gh
m
∴ v = √ 2gh 5 u=0

Applying I = Δ (mv) ;
h
J
To P and m v
= (2m + m) v1 − mv − 2m × 0 v1 J
−J 5 2m
Q
∴ −J = 3mv1 − mv 1 2m P Q P v1

To Q
J = 2mv1 − 0 2 5
From 1 and 2 ,

v1 = v = √ 2gh
5 5 5

J = 2m √ 2gh 5
5
25

2. The volume of water that is ejected in a second = 8 (0.005) m

3

= 0.040 m 5
3

The mass of water that is ejected in a second = 10 × 0.040 kg

3

= 40 kg 5

Work done by the pump in a second = mgh +
1 mv2
2

1
= (40 × 10 × 4) + × 40 × 8
2
2
5 5
= 2880 js
−1

∴ the power of the pump = 2880 W

5 25

[See page 2
 -2-
y
3.

5
u (t = T)

0 θ x

When t = T
v = u +gT 5
AC = AB + BC

B
u
gT sinθ = u
gT 5
u
∴ T = g sinθ
A θ
10 u cosecθ
= g
v
θ
C
25

4.
5u u
5u u 2 2

m km
By apply the law of conservation of momentum to the system
5mu − kmu = kmu − 5mu 5
2 2
10 − 2k = k − 5

∴ k = 5 5
From Newton’s law of restitution
u 5u
+
2 2
= e(u +5u) 5

3u = 6ue

1

2
= e 5
I = Δ(mv)
= −m. 5u − m. 5u

−I
2

15mu
I = 2 5 25

[See page 3
 -3-
5. Since a b , we have a ' b = 0 5
∴ (2i + 3j) ' (λi + μj) = 0
5
2λ + 3μ =0 1

Since b = 1 , we have λ2 + μ2 = 1
2 5
2
From 1 and 2 ,μ = ±
√ 13
2
Since μ > 0, μ =
√ 13 5
3
From 1 , λ = −
√ 13 5 25

6. The object is in limiting equilibrium. P
By Lami’s Theorem,
P w
sin[π − (α+λ)] = sin[ π − (θ − λ)] 5 s θ 5
λ
2 π −λ
2
π−α
w sin (λ + α) 5 2 w
P =
cos (θ − λ)
α
For P to be minimum, (θ − λ) should be maximum.
That is, θ = λ 5
5 25
∴ P ^ minimum& = w sin (λ + α)

7. Let P (A) = 1 and P (B) = 1 .

3 4
(A) 1 (First) (B) 2 (Second)
st nd

(i) X = (A ∩ B ) ∪ (A ∩ B)
| | 5
| |
But (A ∩ B ) ∩ (A ∩ B) = φ
| |
∴ P (X) = P (A ∩ B ) + P (A ∩ B) ( By Axiom III )
∴

|
= P(A) P(B ) + P(A ) P(B)
|
5 (Since the events are independent)

= 1 ×
3 ( 1 − 14 ) + ( 1 − 13 ) . 14
+ 2 × 1 = (1 × 5 ) = 5
5
= 1
4 3 4 4 3 12
|
5
(ii) P (A | X) = P (A ∩ X) = P (A) P(B )
P (X) P (X)
1 × 3
3 4 3 5
= =
5 5
12 25

[See page 4
 -4-

8.
|
P (A ∩ B ) = 0.2, P (A ∩ B)
|
= 0.1 5
| | |
P (A ∩ B ) = P (A ∪ B) = 0.6

1 − P (A ∪ B) = 0.6

P (A ∪ B) = 0.4 5

P (A ∪ B) − P (A ∩ B) = 0.2 + 0.1
5
∴ P (A ∩ B) = 0.4 − 0.3 = 0.1
|
P (A ∩ B) = P(B) − P (A ∩ B)
5
0.1 + 0.1 = P(B)

P (A ∩ B) 0.1
∴ P (A | B) = =
P(B) 0.2

5
= 1
2
25

9. x = 5 and sx = 2
(i) yi ∈ {12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18}
Let yi = xi + 10.
Here xi ∈ {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
5
∴ y = x + 10 = 5 + 10 = 15
and sy = sx = 2

(ii) yi ∈ {20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}

Let yi = 10xi
Here xi ∈ {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
5
∴ y = 10 x
= 10 × 5 = 50
5
and sy = 10 sx = 10 × 2 = 20

(iii) Let yi = axi + b .

5
Then y = ax + b = 5a + b
sy
2
= a2 sx
2

sy = a sx
5 25
= 2a

[See page 5
 -5-

10.
ui −3 −2 −1 0 1 2

fi 5 10 25 30 20 10
fi ui −15 −20 −25 0 20 20 5

Σfi ui
u = = − 20 = −1
Σfi 100 5
xi − 35 5
ui =
a

∴ x = a u + 35

5
33 = − a + 35
5
5
a = 10

Intervals 0 − 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60
5
fi 5 10 25 30 20
10
25

11. (a) ai + 20j

(2, 8)
B
5
i + 25j


A (−2, , −2)

Vertical
Horizontal Velocity
Velocity 25
5
1 P 20

Q
5 5
a

0 Time 0 Time
T T
P
To collide, 5 Q

Vertical displacement of P = Vertical displacement of Q + 10

Vertical displacement of P − Vertical displacement of Q = 10 10

[See page 6
 -6-
5T = 10
5
T = 2

Horizontal displacement of P = Horizontal displacement of Q + 4

10
Horizontal displacement of P − Horizontal displacement Q = 4
(1 − a) 2 = 4 5
1−a = 2
5
a = − 1
60

(b) v (S, E) = u

α
v (P, S) = v 5

v (P, E) = v (P, S) + v (S, E)

Out
v (P, E) = + u ⇒ BC + AB = AC
1 1
5
α
v
In 5
= + u ⇒ BC + AB = AC
v (P, E) 2 2
α
v
C2

v
15
α

A u B
α
v

∧ π C1
C1AC2 =
2

Hence, the circle with diameter C1C2 passes through the point A.

Furthermore, since the midpoint of C1C2 is B, 10

B C1 = B C2 = BA = u 5
v = u
∧ ∧
BAC1 = π − α and BAC2 = π + α
4 2 4 2
5 5

[See page 7
 -7-
S1 S2
π− α π+α
4 2 4 2
d
If the total time for the journey is t"
5

S1I S2I
t = + I ^Island&
AC1 AC2
10
π α π α
S1I sin ( − ) S2I sin (
+ )
= 4 2 4 2
+ 10
AC1 sin ( π − α ) AC2 sin ( π + α)
4 2 4 2
d d 2d
= + =
v cos α v cos α u cos α ( ∴ v = u)
5 5
90

12. (a) By the law of conservation of energy;

1 v
mu2 − mga = mga cos θ + 1 mv2 15
2 2 P
R 5
v2 − u2 + 2ga (1 + cos θ) = 0 1 5 θ
mg P.E = 0
O
Applying F = ma to m a
θ

= mv
2
R + mgcos θ 2 u
a 10
m
By substituting from 1 into 2

R + mg cos θ
m
[
= a u2 − 2ga (1 + cosθ) ] 5
R = mu − mg (2 + 3 cos θ)
2

a
If the particle leaves the surface when OA makes an angle of α
with the upward vertical, then at that point R = 0. 5
∴ u2 − 2ga − 3ga cos α = 0
5
cos α = u − 2ga > 0 (
2
∴ u > 2ga)
2
3ga

∴ α is an acute angle.

Furthermore, since 0 < α < π , we have that 0 < cos α < 1.

2
u2 − 2ga < 1
3ga 5
u2 < 5ga

[See page 8
 -8-

1
When the particle of mass m leaves the surface, cos α = '
√3
1 u2 − 2ga
=
√3 3ga

u2 − 2ga = √ 3 ga

5
u2 = (2 + √ 3 ) ga
1 2ga ga 5
Then the velocity v = u2 − 2ga (1+ ) = 2ga + √ 3 ga − 2ga −
=
2

√3 √3 √3
After the particle of mass m leaves the surface of the sphere, its motion is that of a
projectile.

In the ensuing motion, if the time taken to travel a horizontal distance a sinα is t0'

a sinα = (v cos α) t0 5
Then the distance traveled upward y = (v sinα ) t0 − 1 g t 0
2

2
vsinα × a sinα 1 ga sin α
2 2
y = − 5
v cos α 2 v2 cos2α
2a 2
3 ga2 3
= −
1 2ga 1
√3 √3 3
2a
= − √3a
√3
a
= −
√3
= − a cos α 5

Since the particle of mass m has travelled a distance of a cos α downward when it
passes the vertical line through O, it passes through the centre O of the sphere.
80

(b)
.
y y C P.E = 0
R1
T T
θ . T T R2
v (P, O) = x
. P Q
+y 5 mg R
v (Q, O) = π − θ x θ mg
.
2 x
O A 5mg B

Applying the law of conservation of momentum;

. . . . .
5m x + m(x − y cos θ ) + m (x − y sinθ ) = 0 10

. .
7m x = m y (cos θ + sinθ )

[See page 9
 -9-

7x
.
= y. ( 35 +4
5
) 5

. . 20
5x = y 1

Applying the law of conservation of energy;

1 5m x. 2
+ 1 m {(x − y cos θ )2 + (y sinθ )2}
. . . 20
2 2
1 m {(x. − y. sinθ )2 + (y. cosθ )2} −mgy sinθ − mg(l − y) cos θ = constant
+
2

5x +
.2
{x. 2 .2
+ y − 2 x y cosθ
. .
} + {x. + y. − 2 x. y. sinθ }
2 2

− 2gy sin θ + 2gy cosθ = constant 5

.2 .2 . .
7x + 2y − 2x y 4 3
) − 2gy 45 3
)
5
+
5 + 2gy 5 = constant
.2 .2 . .
35 x + 10 y − 14 x y − 2gy = constant 2 25

From 1 and 2
.2 . 2 .2
35 x + 250 x − 70 x − 2gy = constant
.2
215 x − 2gy = constant
Differentiating with respect to t,
. .. .
430 x . x − 2gy = 0
5
. . .. . .
430 x x − 2g . 5x = 0 (∴ x ≠ 0) 5
.. g
∴ x =
43 10
Applying F = ma to P
.. x
: mg sinθ − T = m (y
..
θ − cosθ ) 5
.. ..
T = mg sinθ − m (5 x − x cosθ ) 5

= mg 4 − m x 5 −
5
.. 3
5
( )
= 4mg − m. 1 g . 22
5 43 5

= 2mg 2 − 11
5 43 { }
= 2mg × 75
5 43

= 30mg
43 5 15

[See page 10
 - 10 -

13. If the tension in the string when it is extended a length x from its natural length is T, then

O
2mgx R B a
T =
λx
a
=
a 5 T
P x
Applying F = ma to the motion of the particle;
30° mg
..
mg sin 30° − T = mx 10
2mgx ..
mg × 1 − = mx
2 a

.. 2g a 5 20
= − a (x −
x 4 ) 1

x = a + A cot ωt + B sin ωt
4 2
.
x = − Aω sin ωt + Bω cos ωt 3 5
.. 2 2
x = −Aω cos ωt − Bω sin ωt 4 5
2
= −ω (A cos ωt + Bω sin ωt)
.. a
= − ω (x −
4 )
2
x 5 by 2 5

By considering 1 and 5 ω2 =2g ' 5

a

t = 0 when x = 0'
.
ω=
5
√ 2g
a

From 3 " 0 = Bω
Since ω ≠ 0 we have that B = 0' 5
x = a when t = 0 5

a 3a 40
From 2 " a − 4 = A ⇒ A = 4
5
3a a
∴ x = cos ωt +
4 4
a 3a
x − = cos ωt
4 4
a
The centre of the oscillation is given by x −
4 = 0. 5
a 5
10
That is, x =
4 is the centre.

[See page 11
 - 11 -
.
When x = 0 at the amplitude, let t = t1 '

0 = −Aω sin ωt1 5

sin ωt1 = 0
+
ωt1 = nπ ; n ∈ Z0 5
a 3a
x −
4 = 4 cos ωt1

a ± 3a
x −
4 = 4 5 20

3a
∴ the amplitude of the simple harmonic motion of the particle =
4 5

Let the velocity of the particle when it first arrives at the natural length of the string be V.

Then x = 0' 5

3a
cos ωt =− a
4 4
cos ωt = − 1 5
3

V = −Aω sin ωt
= − 3a
4
2g
a √ . √1 − cos2 ωt

5
= − 3a

4 √ √
a
2g 8
9
= − 3a
4
√ 2g . 2 √2
a 3
= − √ag
5

The velocity of the particle when x = 0 is √ag ' 20

Let t0 be the time when the particle first arrives at the natural length of the string.
Then x = 0. 5
a 3a
− = 0
cos ωt
4 4
cos ωt0 = − 1 5
3
ωt0 = π − cos−1 ( 1 )
3

[ ] √ [π − cos ]
a 5
t0 = 1 π − cos−1 ( 1 ) = −1
( 1 )
ω 3 2g 3

The particle travels up to the point O under gravity.

If the time taken for the particle to travel from B to O is t2 "

[See page 12
 - 12 -

S = ut + 1 at2
2

S = a, u = √ ag , a = − g sin 30°

a = √ ag t2 − 1 g t 2 5
2 2 2

g t 2 −
4 2 √ ag t2 + a = 0

t2 = √ ag ± √ ag − g a
4
4
g
2
a 5
t = 2
2 √ g

∴ the time taken to travel to O = t0 + t2,

a a
=
√ −1 1
2g (π − cos ( 3 )) +
5
2
√ g

−1
√

= 2g [π − cos ( 1 ) + 2 √2
3
]
30
The string is at its maximum length at A ; that is when x = a,

TA =
λa 5
a
10

= λ
TA = 2mg 5

14. (a) (i) a = b = c = 1 5

If ( a + 2 b ) (5a − 4 b),
( a + 2 b ) . (5a − 4 b) = 0 5
5 a . a + 10 b . a − 4 a . b − 8 b . b = 0
= 0
2 2
5 a + 10 a . b − 4 a . b − 8 b
5 + 6a . b − 8 = 0
6a . b = 3
5
a.b = 1
2
a b cos θ = 1 5
2
1 × 1 cos θ = 1 ⇒ θ = 60° 5 25
2

[See page 13
 - 13 -
2 2 2
(ii) a−b + b−c + c −a
= (a − b ) . (a − b ) + (b − c ).(b − c ) + (c − a ).(c − a ) 5

= a 2+ b 2
− 2 a . b + b 2 + c 2 − 2b. c + c 2
+ a 2
−2 c . a 5

= 6 − 2(a . b + b . c + c . a ) 5
5
( )
2 2
∴ 2(a . b + b . c + c . a ) = 6 − a − b 2 + b − c + c − a 1
2
a +b + c ≥ 0 5

∴ (a + b + c ) . (a + b + c ) ≥ 0 5

a 2+ a . b + a . c + b . a + b 2
+b .c + c .a + c .b + c 2
≥ 0 5

3 + 2 (a .b + b . c + c . a ) ≥ 0 2 5

From 1 and 2
5
2 2 2
3+6 −( a − b + b − c + c − a )≥ 0
2 2 2
∴ a− b + b− c + c − a ≤ 9
5 50

(b) 4
D C

5

8 5√2 2√2 2
F
3
α
A 2m B E
x

(i)
X = 4 − 3 + 5√2 cos 45° − 2√2 cos 45° 5
= 4N
Y = 2 − 8 + 5√2 cos 45° + 2√2 cos 45° 5
= 1N
If the resultant is R,
R = √ X2+ Y 2 = √ 42 + 12

= √17 N 5
If the resultant makes an angle α with the horizontal,
1
tan α =
4

α = tan
−1 1

4
5 () 25

[See page 14

- 14 -
If the point at which the line of action of the resultant intersects AB is E, let AE = x'
C
A 1 × x = 2 × 2 − 4 × 2 + 2√2 . 2 cos 45° 5 D

x = 0 5
A ≡ E (Coincides) F
The line of action of the resultant passes through A. 5 R
∴ for the system of forces to be in equilibrium, a force of √17 N α
A B
should be introduced at A in the direction FA ' 5

20

(ii) To reduce the system to a couple of magnitude 39Nm acting in the sense ABC,
5 D C
a force of √17 N should be introduced at a distance, say y, from A along

BA produced, such that it is parallel to AF and in the direction FA ' F

R R
ABC √17 × AG sinα = 39 5
√17 × AG × 1 = 39
α α
G A B
√17
y
AG = 39m 5 15

(iii) The couple that should be introduced to reduce the system to 5
a single force acting at B;
= √17 × BA sinα 5 D C

1
= √17 × 2 × = 2Nm 5 F
√17
7N

Aliter
√1

If the couple that should be introduced is M, α α

A B √17 N
M − √17 × 2 sinα = 0
1
M = √17 × 2 × = 2 Nm
√17 15

15. (a) Y1
X Let AB = BC = 2a .
1

A α
Y
G1
10

X
X B θ G2 10
W

Y
C W

(i) Taking moments about B for BC 5 W

W asin θ = 2Wa cos θ

10
tan θ = 2
5

[See page 15
 - 15 -
Considering the equilibrium of BC,

X = W 5

Y = W 5

∴ RB = √ W2 + W2
5
= √2 W 20
π
RB makes an angle of tan −1 1 = 4 with the horizontal 5

AB g A

X. 2 a cos α = Wa sin α + y. 2a sin α 10

W 2 cos α = W sin α + W. 2 sin α

2
= tan α
3
α = tan −1 (23 ) 5 15

By considering the equilibrium of AB "

X1 = X = W
5

Y1 = 2W 5

∴ RA = √ X12 + Y12
= √5 W 5
RA makes an angle of tan −1 (2) with the horizontal
5 20

10N
(b)
d c
B C D
g 30°
f
5N
e 30°
X b
30°
A Y E
a
R

Let the length of a rod (other than DE) be 2a.

(i) Considering the system" A

R 2a − 10 × 3a − 5 × 5a = 0 5

R = 55 N 5
2
∴ the vertical force acting at E = 55 N
2

[See page 16
 - 16 -
(ii)
− Y + R − 10 − 5 = 0

−Y = 15 − 55 = − 25 N
2 2
∴ Y = 25 N
2
X = 0
25 N 5
The vertical component of the reaction at the hinge A = 2
20
Horizontal component = 0 5

(iii) b Rod Magnitude Stress

60°
5
25 √3 N
g c AE Thrust
6
25 √3 N
AB Tension
10 3
25 √3 N
60° BE Thrust
d 3
f 60°
25 √3 N
BC Tension
3
25
2 35
20 √3 N
CE Thrust
3
20
60° CD 5 √3 Tension
e a
ED 10 N Thrust

55

16. By symmetry, the centre of mass lies on the x axis. y
dx
y = 0 5
a a
∫ πρx (a2− x2) dx 10 x
x =
0
a O G(x, y) x
∫ πρ (a2 − x2) dx
0
5

[ [ a
a2x2 − x4
2 4
= 0

[ [ a
a2x − x
3

3 0
5
= 3a
8 5

( )

∴ G ≡ 3a , 0 30
8

[See page 17
 - 17 -
y
(a)

ka
O x

a
By symmetry, the centre of mass lies on Ox.

Object Mass Distance from O

to the centre of mass
Hemisphere 2 π a3 ρ 3a
3 8
10
Hemisphere 2 π(ka)3 ρ 3ka
which is 3 8
removed
5
Remaining 2 π a3 ρ (1 − k3)
3 x
portion

2 π a3 ρ 3a
x = − 2 πk a ρ 3ka
3 3
3 8 3 8
15
2 π a3 ρ (1 − k3)
3
3a (1 − k4)
8 (1 + k2) (1 − k) (1 + k)
= = 3a
(1 − k3) 8 (1 − k) (1 + k + k2)

(1 + k2) (1 + k)
10 = 3a 40
8 (1 + k + k2)

(b) Let the centre of mass be G1(x1, y1)
When the hemisphere that is removed is attached to the y
remaining portion as shown in the figure, due to symmetry
about Ox we have y1 = 0' 5

O x
G1

(i) Let the mass of the hemisphere that was removed be m, and the mass of the
hemisphereof radius a be M .
2π k3 a3 ρ 5
m 3
= = k3 5
M 2π a3 ρ
3
5
m = Mk 3 20

[See page 18
 - 18 -
(ii) The distance from O to the centre of mass of the composite object is x1 .

x1 =
(M − m) x + m − 3 ka
8 15 ( )
( M − m) + m

Since (M − m) x = M 3a − m 3 ka , ( 8 ) (8 ) 5

x1 = M ( 3a ) − m ( 3 ka ) − m ( 3 ka )
8 8 8
M

= 3a (M − 2mk)
8 M

= 3a
8 (1 − 2m
M )
k 10
The distance from O to
= 3a (1 − 2k )
4

the centre of mass of the 8

composite object
30

(iii) The centre of mass G1 should coincide 5
R
with O' That is, x1 = 0' 5
3a (1 − 2k4) = 0 5
8 G1
2k4 = 1 O

1 10
k2 = ± 5
√2
P
Since k2 > 0 " k2 = 1
√2 30

17. (a) P(A) = 0.1, P(A∪B) = 0.37 and P(C) = 0.2

(i) P (A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A) P(B) 5

(Since A and B are independent)
5
0.37 = 0.1 + P(B) − 0.1 P(B)
0.37 − 0.1 = 0.9 P(B)
5 15
0.3 = P(B)

| |
P( B ∩ A ) 5
(ii) P(B' | A') =
P(A| )
| | | 5
Here P(B ∩ A ) = P[(B ∪ A) ] = 1 − P (A ∪ B)
= 1 − 0.37 = 0.63
| 5
P(A ) = 1 − P(A) = 1 − 0.1 = 0.9
| | 0.63 5 20
∴ P(B | A ) = = 0.7
0.9

[See page 19
 - 19 -

| | | | 5
(iii) P(A ∩ B ∩ C) = P(A ) P(B ) P(C)
= 0.9 × 0.7 × 0.2
5
= 0.126
10

| | | | | | 5
(iv) X : (A∩B ∩C ) ∪ (A ∩ B ∩ C ) ∪ (A ∩B ∩ C)
| | | | | |
P(X) = P(A∩B ∩C ) + P(A ∩ B ∩ C ) + P(A ∩B ∩ C)
| | | | | | 5
= P(A) P(B ) P(C ) + P(A ) P(B) P(C ) + P(A ) P(B )P(C)
10
= 0.1 × 0.7 × 0.8 + 0.9 × 0.3 × 0.8 + 0.9 × 0.7 × 0.2

= 0.398
20


⇒ P(A | X) = P (A ∩ X)
P (X)
P(A∩B'∩C') 5
=
P (X)

= 0.1 × 0.7 × 0.8

0.398
56 5
=
398

=
28
199 10

(b) (i) (α) Mean 8 =

Σx
r=1 r 5
n

Mean value of the marks x = 28 + 56 + 23 + 94 + 8 + 5 + 13 + 846 5

28

1073
=
28
5 15
= 38.32

(β) Since the number 94 should have been 49;

Thus the drop of mark = 45
Since the number 05 should have been 50; 5

Thus the rise of mark = 45

10
Therefore no change in the mean value. 5

[See page 20
 - 20 -

5
Σi = 1(xi − x )
2
Standard deviation =
√
n

n

Σi = 1(xi − x )
n 2
2
Variance sx =

n
n 2
Σi = 1(xi − 2xix + x 2 ) 5
=
n
n

= Σx
r=1 i
2
Σx
−2 x n i + x
2

n
n

= r=1
i 2
−2 x + x
2 Σx 2
5
n
n

=
Σx
i=1 i
2
−x
2

n
Let X = {x , x , ..., x } and Y = {y , y , ..., y }'
1 2 20 1 2 10

Since
20 20
5
x = 320 ,Σ xi2 = 5840 Σ
i=1 i i=1

and
10 10

yi = 130 " yi2 = 2380

Σ Σ 5
i=1 i=1
20

xi
= i = 1 = 320 = 16

∴ x
Σ 5
20 20
20

2 i = 1 xi
2 Σ
− 16 = 5840 − 16
2 2
and s =
x
20 20
= 292 − 256 = 36
∴ s = 6

x 5
10

yi
= i = 1 = 130 = 13
Σ
y
5
10 10 10
Σy 2
i=1 i
− 13 = 2380 − 169 = 69
2 2
sy =
100 10
∴ sy = 8.30
5
Let Z = X ∪ Y'
20 10

z =
Σx
i=1 i
+ Σy
i=1
i

30
= 320 + 130 = 15
5
30
 - 21 -
20 10

2 Σ xi2 + Σ yi2 2
sz = i=1 i=1 −z 5
30
= 274 − 225 = 49

sz = 7 5 60