ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1

Annotated Bibliography

Adil Saeed

PSY 350

Instructor: Ms. Joanne McGrath

February 22, 2021

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 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2

Annotated Bibliography

With over 155 billion dollars in health care cost and hundreds of millions of dollars in

studies, schizophrenia is still yet to be completely understood. Scientist and researchers have

spent millions of hours and the more discoveries they make towards this disease the more they

realize it’s associated with many different complications that have yet to understand. At this point

with the lack of complete understanding there’s no direct treatment, schizophrenia is considered

a long-term disorder with symptoms of faulty behavioral and emotional perception that cause

mood swings and hallucinations.

Melinda. (2020). Schizophrenia symptoms and coping tips, from

https://www.helpguide.org/articles/mental-disorders/schizophrenia-signs-and-

symptoms.htm

This article explains the symptoms of schizophrenia. After much research targeted to find

the direct cause of schizophrenia researchers have realized that conclusions are still far from

reach so to help combat with the illness, they have shifted focus to symptoms. This approach

helps to provide individuals with schizophrenia outcomes to alleviate their symptoms from this

illness and will also result in further research that’ll help identify the source of it.

This article is beneficial to my paper because, it helps identify ways to locate the source

of the illness. It’s a good way for us to start making progress towards aiding the illness while

working up towards the source.

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 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3

Kapur, S. (2020). Serotonin-dopamine interaction and its relevance to schizophrenia.

PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8599393/

This article explains the research done on chemicals that affects schizophrenia

specifically dopamine and serotonin. It provides overview of how these chemicals affect

symptoms of the illness. The overview focuses on how researchers relate the levels of these two

chemicals to the symptoms of schizophrenia.

This source is going to help with my paper because, it focuses on what treatments are

available and how the treatments help with the symptoms of schizophrenia. Reducing the

chemicals serotonin and dopamine reduce symptoms of the illness.

Framingham, J. (2018). Psychotherapy & Other Non-Medication Treatments for

Schizophrenia. Psych Central from https://psychcentral.com/lib/psychotherapy-other-
non-medication-treatments-for-schizophrenia/

This article presents different methods in treating schizophrenia. Researchers have

compared different treatments and described what works best when it comes to age of diagnosis

and type of symptoms. Different symptoms will require different treatments to helping reduce

the illness most.

This article is relevant to my paper because it allows me to introduce different methods

to the reader and individual of this illness. With so many different symptoms it’s important to

find the most efficient way to reduce them.

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 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4

Walker, E., Kestler, L,. Bollini, A., & Hochman, K. (2004). Schizophrenia: Etiology and

Course. Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 401-430. doi:

10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141950

This article is to figure how schizophrenia plays a role in genetics. Since researchers have

yet to discover where the illness stems from, they focus on the symptoms to decide the case of

schizophrenia. With the observations and research, the importance of genetic factors is evident.

This source is important to my paper because it further explains the logistics of heredity.

Information on how genetically transmitted schizophrenia showcases how many people it effects

and how many more people will be affected.

Mayo Clinic. (2020, January 7). Schizophrenia - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic.

Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-

conditions/schizophrenia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354449

This article helps showcase all the different challenges people face with schizophrenia.

Researchers have spent much time on this and have made many strides in hopes to make those

with this illness lives' easier.

This article is important to my paper because it showcases how different factors affect the

illness as well as showcase ways to control them. The article helps present ways to improve and

deal with this disorder.

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 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 5

Advocacy Center. (2020.). RESEARCH WEEKLY: The High Cost of Schizophrenia. Treatment

Advocacy Center. https://www.treatmentadvocacycenter.org/key-issues/public-service-

costs/3599-research-weekly-the-high-cost-of-schizophrenia

This article focuses on the amount of energy and money put towards treating and researching this

illness. It goes in detail about how much money is spent on healthcare as well as how many

individuals it affects. The article explains how much time individuals have lost trying to treat this

illness.

This article is relevant to my paper because it helps the reader understand how much effort is put

towards this illness. It helps provide the reader to understand how many people are affected and

helps showcase how big it is in scale.

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 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 6

References:

Melinda. (2020). Schizophrenia symptoms and coping tips, from

https://www.helpguide.org/articles/mental-disorders/schizophrenia-signs-and-

symptoms.htm

Kapur, S. (2020). Serotonin-dopamine interaction and its relevance to schizophrenia.

PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8599393/

Framingham, J. (2018). Psychotherapy & Other Non-Medication Treatments for Schizophrenia.

Psych Central from https://psychcentral.com/lib/psychotherapy-other-non-medication-

treatments-for-schizophrenia/

Walker, E., Kestler, L,. Bollini, A., & Hochman, K. (2004). Schizophrenia: Etiology and

Course. Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 401-430. doi:

10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141950

Mayo Clinic. (2020, January 7). Schizophrenia - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic.

Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-

conditions/schizophrenia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354449

Advocacy Center. (2020.). RESEARCH WEEKLY: The High Cost of Schizophrenia. Treatment

Advocacy Center. https://www.treatmentadvocacycenter.org/key-issues/public-service-

costs/3599-research-weekly-the-high-cost-of-schizophrenia

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 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 7

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