OPERATING SYSTEMS CS F372

BIJU K RAVEENDRAN & TEAM

LECT #03: INTRODUCTION

 Types of Operating Systems
• Multi-user Operating Systems
– Multiple users can work concurrently with data and
application protection.
• Uni-core Systems [Uni-processor]
– Stored program [Von Neumann / Princeton
architecture]
– Harvard Architecture
– Modified Harvard Architecture
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 Types of Operating Systems
• Uni-core, Multi-core, Multi-processor
– Registers, TLB, [L1, L2, L3] caches, Main Memory
– i3 [Hyper thread], i5 [Turbo boost], i7 [Both] and
i9 processors [both with 2turbo boost
frequencies]

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 Types of Operating Systems
• Systems with graceful degradation [with hardware
failures] and systems with fault tolerance
• Increased throughput, reliability, [Economical]
• Multi-processor [Tightly coupled system]
– Asymmetric
• Each processor is assigned a specific task [Co-processors]
– Symmetric [SMP]
• Local registers and cache for each processor but connected
with a common shared memory

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 Types of Operating Systems
• Multi-processor
– Memory Model
• UMA (Uniform Memory Access)
• NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access)
• NORMA (No Remote Memory Access)
• Distributed Systems [Loosely coupled system]
– Example: Client – Server systems and Peer to Peer system
– Server systems can be Compute servers or File servers
– Enables parallelism but speedup is not the goal
– Adv: Resources Sharing, Computation speed up – load sharing,
Reliability, Communications
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