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E. K. NAYANAR MEMORIAL MODEL POLYTECHNIC

COLLEGE

KALLIASSERY

MANAGED BY

INSTITUTE OF HUMAN RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

CSIKS REPORT

ON

STUDY OF CONVENTIONAL MANUFACTURING

METHOD OF BRICKS AND TILES

Submitted By

ANIKA T K

DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

2023-2024
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E. K. NAYANAR MEMORIAL MODEL POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

KALLIASSERY

DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certified that the report on study of conventional manufacturing method of bricks and
tiles as per the subject “community skills in indian knowledge system” is the bonafide record
of the work done by ANIKA T K (REG NO:2201240503) on for the partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the award of Diploma in BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING of
Technical Education, Kerala State (2023-2024).

Mrs. NISHA P.V Mr. RAMESH K.P

HOD (Dept.of BME) FACULTY IN CHARGE CSIKS
EKNMMPTC EKNMMPTC KALLIASSERY
KALLIASSERY
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INTRODUCTION

Community skills are an integral part of the Indian knowledge system, deeply rooted in the
country's rich cultural heritage and diverse social fabric. These skills encompass a wide range of
traditional practices, craftsmanship, and knowledge passed down through generations within
various communities across India. From intricate handicrafts to sustainable agricultural
techniques, community skills represent the collective wisdom and expertise accumulated over
centuries of shared experience.

In India, community skills are not only about practical proficiency but also embody cultural
identity, social cohesion, and sustainable livelihoods. They reflect the unique local context,
resources, and challenges of different regions, fostering a sense of pride and belonging among
community members. Moreover, these skills often serve as a bridge between the past and the
present, embodying a timeless wisdom that continues to be relevant in contemporary times.

The Indian knowledge system recognizes the importance of community skills in preserving
cultural heritage, promoting economic development, and addressing pressing social and
environmental issues. Efforts to document, promote, and revitalize traditional knowledge systems
have gained momentum in recent years, driven by a growing appreciation for indigenous wisdom
and a desire to leverage it for sustainable development.

By acknowledging and harnessing the power of community skills within the Indian
knowledge system, we not only celebrate the diversity of India's cultural tapestry but also unlock
valuable resources for building a more inclusive, resilient, and vibrant society.
Kerala has a rich tradition of hand crafts of that dates back centuries. The hand craft of
domestic utensil industry in Kerala has been in integral part of the state's cultural and economic
heritage, providing livelihoods for thousands of people across the state.
Kerala's handcrafts is a labour-intensive process that involves using a manually operated
to create statue,utensils and home and temple decorative items,Kerala's handcrafts industry
produces a wide range of products,bell metal products.

The handcrafts in Kerala is decentralized and primarily operates in rural areas. It is a

family-based industry, with skills and techniques passed down from one generation to the next.
Each region of Kerala has its unique style and designs, reflecting the diverse cultural influences
that have shaped the state's history.
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RURAL COMMUNITY
Rural communities are areas located outside of urban centers and typically characterized
by low population density, open spaces, and an economy that relies on agriculture, natural
resources, or small businesses.
Rural communities may have a different lifestyle, culture, and infrastructure than urban
areas, with fewer amenities and services such as transportation, healthcare, and education.
People in rural communities may also have different social and economic challenges, such
as limited job opportunities, isolation, and difficulty accessing resources.
The specific definition of rural communities can vary depending on the country or region,
and it may be influenced by factors such as population size, distance from urban canter's, and
economic activities.
The social, cultural, and educational background of artisans involved in traditional
practices can vary widely depending on the specific cultural context and tradition. However, there
are some general patterns and factors that can be identified.

SOCIAL BACKGROUND:
Artisans involved in traditional practices often come from families and communities that
have a long history of practicing the specific tradition.
They may have learned the skills and techniques from their parents or grandparents, and
their work may be highly valued within their community. In some cases, artisanal skills may be
passed down through specific castes or social classes, with certain families or groups holding a
monopoly on the production of certain goods.
The cultural background of artisans involved in traditional practices is closely tied to the
specific tradition they are working within. They may have a deep understanding of the cultural
significance and symbolism of the products they are creating, and their work may be intimately
tied to religious, spiritual, or other cultural practices.
For example, an artisan creating traditional bell metal utensils and handicrafts may be
familiar with the patterns and motifs that have been used for centuries and may understand the
meanings and stories behind them.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
The educational background of artisans involved in traditional practice can vary widely. In
some cases, artisanal skills may be taught families or through apprenticeships with master
craftsmen. In other formal education systems may provide training in traditional crafts techniques.
However, in many cases, artisans may not have had access to formal education or may have limited
literacy or numeracy skills.
Overall, artisans involved in traditional practices are often deeply rooted in their cultural
and social context, and their work reflects the cultural and historical traditions of their community.
Their educational background may be varied, but their expertise and skill are often honed through
years of practice and experience
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PROBLEMS BEING FACED BY THE TRADITIONAL ARTISAN

Traditional artisans, who are skilled in producing handcrafts face a variety of problems
that can make it difficult for them to earn a living from their handcrafts,

Some of the major problems faced by traditional artisans are:

1. Lack of access to markets: Traditional artisans often have difficulty in finding buyers for their
products, as they may not have access to markets where their products can be sold.

2. Competition from, mass-produced goods: With the rise of mass production and globalization,
traditional artisans are facing stiff competition from cheaper, mass-produced goods that can be
manufactured on a large scale and sold at lower prices.

3. Limited access to credit: Traditional artisans may find it difficulties to access credit or financing
to invest in their business and their Production capacity.

4. Lack of training and education: Many traditional artisans may lack the necessary skills and
training to compete in today's marketplace, as they may not have had access to formal education
or training programs.

5. Declining demand for traditional crafts: As consumer preferences shift towards more modern,
industrialized products, there may be a declining demand for traditional crafts, which can make it
difficult for artisans to earn a sustainable income.

6. Exploitation by middlemen: Traditional artisans may also face exploitation by middlemen who
may offer low prices for their products or take advantage of their lack of negotiating power.
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BALIAPATAM TILES AND BUSINESS VENTURES Ltd.

The Company is one of the leading manufactureres of structural clay products in Kerala state. Since
its inception in the year 1947, the company has been manufacturing quality clay building materials of high
technology. The Registered office of the company is located at Pappinisseri, 10 kms from Kannur in the
state of Kerala. The company has fve factories with an annual installed capacity of over 175 lakhs standard
roofing tiles.

The range of clay products manufactured by the company are classified as under: Mangalore
Pattern Roofing Tiles and Ridge Tiles paving bricks

Solid, Perforated and Hollow clay Bricks for load bearing and partition walls Hollow clay bricks
and clay channels for construction of roof and floor slabs. Decorative clay tile for roofs and wall Terrace
paving Bricks for weather proofing & insulation of R.C Roofs.

Baliapatam Tiles AND Business Ventures Limited is a Non-govt company, incorporated

on 10 Sep, 1947. It's a public unlisted company and is classified as'company limited by shares'.
Company's authorized capital stands at Rs 500.0 lakhs and has 90.15264% paid-up capital which
is Rs 450.76 lakhs.

Baliapatam Tiles AND Business Ventures Limited last annual general meet (AGM)
happened on 28 Sep, 2017. The company last updated its financials on 31 Mar, 2017 as per Ministry of
Corporate Affairs (MCA).

Baliapatam Tiles AND Business Ventures Limited is majorly in Manufacturing (Metals &
Chemicals, and products thereof) business from last 77 years

Company is registered in ROC-Ernakulam (Kerala) Registrar Office. Baliapatam Tiles AND

Business Ventures Limited registered address is BIDG NO PPW 4 917PAPPINISSERI CANNANORE
KL 670561 IN
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The manufacturing stages of tiles and bricks generally involve:

Raw Material Preparation: Clay, sand, and other materials are gathered and mixed in precise
proportions to form the base material.

Shaping: For bricks, the clay mixture is shaped into individual brick forms using molds or
extrusion processes. For tiles, the mixture is pressed or rolled into flat sheets of uniform thickness.

Drying: Both bricks and tiles are dried to remove excess moisture. This can be done naturally in
the sun or in controlled drying chambers.

Firing: The dried bricks and tiles are fired in kilns at high temperatures to harden them and create
the final product. This process is crucial for enhancing durability and strength.

Glazing (optional): Tiles may undergo an additional glazing process where a layer of liquid glass
is applied to the surface before a second firing. This adds color, texture, and protection to the tiles.

Quality Control: Throughout each stage, quality control checks are performed to ensure that the
products meet industry standards for strength, size, and appearance.

Packaging: Once the tiles and bricks have passed quality control, they are packaged and prepared
for distribution and sale.
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The various steps of the process are detailed in picture

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FINISHED PRODUCTS
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CONCLUSION

Concluding community skills within the Indian knowledge system involves highlighting
their historical significance, contemporary relevance, and potential for future development.
Emphasize their role in preserving cultural heritage, fostering social cohesion, and addressing
contemporary challenges.

Acknowledge the need for integrating traditional knowledge with modern practices to
ensure its sustainability and effectiveness. Highlight examples of successful community-based
initiatives and advocate for policies that support the recognition and empowerment of community
skills within the Indian knowledge system.

To enhance tile product manufacturing through rural community skills in India, consider the
following steps:

1.Skill Enhancement Programs: Offer training and skill enhancement programs to rural artisans
focusing on traditional tile manufacture techniques, quality control, and product design.

2.Technology Adoption : Introduce appropriate technology and machinery to streamline the

manufacturing process without compromising the traditional craftsmanship. This could include
improved casting techniques, metalworking tools, or even simple automation for repetitive tasks.

3. Market Access: Facilitate access to wider markets by establishing cooperatives or partnerships

with urban markets, online platforms, or export channels. Providing support for branding,
packaging, and marketing strategies can also help increase the visibility and demand for tile
products.

4. Value Addition: Encourage artisans to innovate and diversify their product range to attract
different market segments. This could involve incorporating modern design elements, creating
utility items, or producing customized pieces for specific clientele.

5. Infrastructure Development : Improve infrastructure in rural areas to support tile manufacturing,

including access to clean water, electricity, and transportation facilities. Establishing cluster
development schemes or industrial parks can create a conducive environment for artisans to work
efficiently.

6. Sustainability Practices: Promote sustainable practices in tile manufacturing, such as sourcing

raw materials responsibly, minimizing waste, and adopting eco-friendly production methods. This
not only aligns with global trends but also enhances the appeal of products to environmentally
conscious consumers.
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7.Government Support: Advocate for government policies and initiatives that recognize and
support traditional artisans, including financial incentives, skill development schemes, and
protection of intellectual property rights.

By implementing these strategies, rural communities can revitalize and expand tile product
manufacturing while preserving their cultural heritage and improving livelihoods.

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