University of Khartoum Job Title

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Subject:
Reinforced Concrete Design
Worked Example 16 - Shear Wall

Client UofK Made by ME Date 2018

Checked by

Unless otherwise A reinforced concrete shear wall carries 𝐺 = 30 KN/m including self-
𝐾
stated, all
references are weight, 𝑄𝐾 = 15 KN/m and wind load 𝑊𝐾 as shown in the figure below.
from: BS8110-1 the wall thickness is 200 mm and the story height is 3m. Design the
wall if grade 30 and 460 are to be used for concrete and all steel
respectively.

Loading
Section 3.2.1.2.2 Fc = (1.4 x 30 + 1.6 x 15) x 5 = 990KN/m length

Equation 42 𝐹𝑐 ≤ 0.35𝑓𝑐𝑢 𝐴𝑐 + 0.67𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠𝑐

Table 3.25
Using min. area of steel required (0.004 Ac)

= 0.35 × 30 × 103 × 200 + 0.67 × 460 × 103 × 200 × 0.004

= 2346.6 𝐾𝑁/𝑚 OK
Section 3.2.1.2.2
Assume critical combination is (1.0 Gk + 1.4 wk)

N = 1.0 x 30 x 5 x 3 = 450 KN

M = 1.4 (25 x 15 + 50 x (12+9+6+3)) = 2625 KN.m

Table 3.19 Referring to table 3.19 in the code the end conditions are condition
1 at top and bottom, so

Assume the clear height = 2750 mm

0.75 x 2750 /200 = 10.3125 < 15

∴ The wall is stocky

𝑁 𝑀 450 × 103 2625 × 106

𝑓𝑡 = − = − = 0.75 − 8.75 = − 8𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝐿𝑡 𝑡𝐿2 3000 × 200 30002
( ) (200 × )
6 6

Assume that the tension will be resisted by 1 m at the end of the

wall
0.5𝑓𝑡 𝐿𝑡 𝑡 0.5 × 8 × 1000 × 200
𝐴𝑠 = = = 1830.6 𝑚𝑚2 𝑜𝑟 915 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒
0.95 𝑓𝑦𝑣 0.95 × 460

Provide T16@200. Area steel provided 1005 mm2/face

29
 University of Khartoum Job Title
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Subject:
Reinforced Concrete Design
Worked Example 17 - Axially loaded footing

Client UofK Made by ME Date 2018

Checked by

Unless otherwise A reinforced concrete column 500 mm x 500 mm carries G = 1000

K
stated, all
references are KN and Q K = 500 KN. Design a square foundation to resist the load
from: BS8110-1 if the safe bearing capacity is 300 KN/m2. The concrete is grade 35
and the reinforcement is grade 460.

The condition of exposure is moderate for non-aggressive soil. Take

Table 3.2
the cover 50 mm.

Size of base
Assume the base weight = 100 KN
Service load = 1000 + 500 + 100 = 1600 KN
Base area = 1600 / 300 = 5.33 m2
Let the base area = 2.4 m x 2.4 m
Base area provided = 5.76 m2

Bending
Section 3.2.1.2.2 ultimate load = 1.4 × 1000 + 1.6 × 500 = 2200 KN
ultimate pressure = 2200 ÷ 5.76 = 382 KN/m2

The critical section XX at the column face is

shown in the figure above.
0.95
Mxx = 382 × 0.95 × 2.4 × = 413.7 KN. m
2
Try overall depth of 550 mm with 16 mm bars. The effective
depth d = 550 – 50 – 16 – 8 = 476 mm

M 413.7 × 106
Section 3.4.4.4 = = 0.0217
bd fcu 2400 × 4762 × 35
2

K
z = d {0.5 + √(0.25 − )},
0.9

z = 0.95d = 452.2 mm
M 413.7 × 106
AS = = = 2093.5 mm2
0.95fy z 0.95 × 460 × 452.2

Provide T16@200 mm, area steel provided 2412

Vertical shear

The critical section YY at distance d from the column face as shown

in the figure above.

30
 Mohamed Elhassan-Civil Engineering Department-UofK

V = 382 × 2.4 × 0.474 = 434.56 KN

V 434.56 × 1000 N
Section 3.4.5.2 Shear stress v = = = 0.38 < 0.8√𝑓𝑐𝑢
b×d 2400 × 476 mm2
1/3
Table 3.8 0.79 100𝐴𝑆 400 1/4 𝑓𝑐𝑢 1/3
𝑣𝑐 = ( ) ( ) ( )
𝛾𝑚 𝑏𝑑 𝑑 25
1 1
100𝐴𝑆 3 100 × 2412 3
∴( ) =( ) = 0.595 < 3 ,
𝑏𝑑 2400 × 476
1 1
400 4 400 4
( ) =( ) = 0.957 (𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒)
𝑑 476
𝑓𝑐𝑢 1/3
( ) = 1.08775
25
∴ 𝑣𝑐 = 0.41 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
Since v < vc, shear reinforcement is not required

Punching shear
Punching shear is checked on a perimeter 1.5d from the column
face.

The critical perimeter = 4 × (1.928) = 7.712 m

Punching shear force = 382 × (2.42 − 1.9282 ) = 780.355 KN
Section 3.4.5.2 V 780.355 × 1000 N
Shear stress v = = = 0.2125 < 𝑣𝑐
b×d 7712 × 476 mm2
The base is satisfactory, no shear reinforcement is required.

31
 University of Khartoum Job Title
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Subject:
Reinforced Concrete Design
Worked Example 18 - Isolated footing subjected to axial load and moment

Client UofK Made by ME Date 2018

Checked by

Unless otherwise A reinforced concrete column 500 mm x 500 mm carries load and
stated, all
references are moment as shown in the table below. Design a square footing to resist
from: BS8110-97 the load if the safe bearing capacity is 300 KN/m2. The concrete is
grade 35 and the reinforcement is grade 460.

Vertical load (KN) Moment (KN.m)

Dead 1000 44

Imposed 500 24

Table 3.2 The condition of exposure is moderate for non-aggressive soil. Take
the cover 50 mm.

Size of base
Assume the base weight = 100 KN
Total axial load = 1000 + 500 + 100 = 1600KN
Total moment = 44 + 24 = 68 KN.m
Assume base area = 6.25 m2
the base dimensions = 2.5 m x 2.5 m
total load Moment
pressure P = ±
base area modulus Z
Area = bl
Z = bl2 /6
1600 68 KN
Pmax = + 2
= 282.12 2 < 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑂𝐾
6.25 2.5 × 2.5 /6 m

Bending
Section 3.2.1.2.2 ultimate load = 1.4 × 1000 + 1.6 × 500 = 2200 KN
ultimate moment = 1.4 × 44 + 1.6 × 24 = 100 KN. m
2200 100
ultimate pressure = + = 390.4 KN/m2
6.25 2.53 /6

The critical section XX at the column face is

shown in the figure above.
1.0
Mxx = 390.4 × 1.0 × 2.5 × = 468.5 KN. m
2
Try overall depth of 650 mm with 16 mm bars. The effective
depth d = 650 – 50 – 16 – 8 = 576 mm

32
 Mohamed Elhassan-Civil Engineering Department-UofK

Section 3.4.4.4 M 468.5 × 106

= = 0.016
bd2 fcu 2500 × 5762 × 35
K
z = d {0.5 + √(0.25 − )},
0.9

z = 0.95d = 547.2 mm
M 468.5 × 106
AS = = = 1959.2 mm2
0.95fy z 0.95 × 460 × 547.2

Provide T16@250 mm, area steel provided 2010

Vertical shear

The critical section YY at distance d from the column face as shown

in the figure above.

V = 390.4 × 2.5 × 0.424 = 413.824 KN

V 413.824 × 1000 N
Section 3.4.5.2 Shear stress v = = = 0.287 < 0.8√𝑓𝑐𝑢
b×d 2500 × 576 mm2
1/3
Table 3.8 0.79 100𝐴𝑆 400 1/4 𝑓𝑐𝑢 1/3
𝑣𝑐 = ( ) ( ) ( )
𝛾𝑚 𝑏𝑑 𝑑 25
1 1
100𝐴𝑆 3 100 × 2010 3
∴( ) =( ) = 0.519 < 3 ,
𝑏𝑑 2500 × 576
1 1
400 4 400 4
( ) =( ) = 0.913 (𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒)
𝑑 576
𝑓𝑐𝑢 1/3
( ) = 1.08775
25
∴ 𝑣𝑐 = 0.36 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
Since v < vc, shear reinforcement is not required

Punching shear
Punching shear is checked on a perimeter 1.5d from the column
face.

The critical perimeter = 4 × (2.228) = 8.912 m

Punching shear force = 390.4 × (2.52 − 2.2282 ) = 502.06 KN
Section 3.4.5.2 V 502.06 × 1000 N
Shear stress v = = = 0.097 < 𝑣𝑐
b×d 8912 × 576 mm2
The base is satisfactory, no shear reinforcement is required.

33
View publication stats