Physical Education and Health 12

Health Optimizing Physical Education 4 (HOPE4)

Mountaineering
(hiking, trekking, camping & orienteering)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Learning Objectives ————————————————————- 1

Pre-Test —————————————————————————- 3

Lesson 1: Historical Significance of the Life and Works of Lord Robert

Stephenson Smyth Baden Powell to Scouting ———————- 7

Lesson 2: Crew System and Scout Method ——————————— 11

Lesson 3: Principles of Leave No Trace ————————————— 18

Lesson 4: Wildlife and Endangered Species ——————————— 25

Lesson 5: Basic Knots ————————————————————- 29

Lesson 6: Compass Reading —————————————————— 36

Post Test ——————————————————————————- 40

Key Points —————————————————————————— 41

References —————————————————————————— 42

Study Guide —————————————————————————- 45

Week 13: -Study Lesson 5: Basic Knots (half-hitch,
Sheepshank and taught line)
Week14: -Study Lesson 5: Basic Knots LEARNING OBJECTIVE
(Sheepshank) and Answer Practice Time
on page 34
Week 15: -Answer Learning Activities on page 35 or Mountaineering is the arrangement of exercises that in-
put it on a long coupon bond. cludes rising mountains. The most clear advantages are improving
Week 16: -Study Lesson 6 Compass Reading and both your actual wellness and cardiovascular wellness levels just
as lessening muscle versus fat through vigorous exercise. We pre-
answer Practice Time on page 38.
pare our learners for life-long experiences and compliments the
Week 17: -Answer Learning Activities on page 39. school and the family by developing self-knowledge, the need to
Week 18: -Answer Post Test on page 40-44. explore, to discover, to know and to learn visual skills.
Week 19: -Review all lesson form Lesson 1-6 and
prepare for summative test next week.
Week 20: -Summative Test This module intends you to ….

• Discuss the nature of the different recreational activities.

• Explain how to optimize the energy sys-

tems for safe and improved performance.

• Demonstrate learners to move safely and

competently in outdoor, natural or semi-
natural settings while making a positive
relationship with natural environments
and promoting their sustainable use.

• Identify school and community resources

in case of an injury and emergency.

46 1
• .Recognize the value of optimizing one’s health through Study Guide:
participation in physical activity assessments
Week 1: - Answer Pre-Test
• Demonstrates proper etiquette and safety in the use of fa- -Study Lesson 1 (The Man)
cilities and equipment.
Week 2: -Study Lesson 1 (The Island and The Book)
• Display initiatives, responsibility and leadership in recrea- - Answer Practice Time on page 9
tional activities. Week3: -Study Lesson 2 Crew System and Scout

• Disclose how to streamline the energy frameworks for pro- Method

tected and improved execution. Week 4: -Answer Practice Time on page 16 and
• Shows appropriate behavior and security in the utilization of -Learning Activities on page 17
offices and hardware.
Week 5: - Study Lesson 3 Principles of Leave no Trace
Week 6: -Answer Practice Time on pages 22-23 and
Learning Activities on page 24
Week 7: -Study Lesson 4: Wildlife and Endangered
Species
-Answer Practice Time on page 27
In doing this module, please
follow these reminders… Week 8: Answer Learning Activities on page 28
1. Take the pretest before Week 9: Review all lessons form Lesson 1 to 4 and
working or answering the
prepare for 3rd Summative Test.
module.
2. Perform the activities as Week 10: Summative Test
suggested. Week 11: Study Lesson 5: Basic Knots (clove hitch and
3. Answer all the exercises.
timber hitch)
4. Check your answers
against the Key to Correc- Week 12: Study Lesson 5: Basic Knots (overhand knot,
tion. square knot and bowline)
5. Take the Post Test.

2 45
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALQzG-mx-qw

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxdUfYKrcfY Write the letter of the correct answer on the blanks provided
before each number.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOAxiQk8wj8
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ewvDw9iDh8
___ 1. It is the first help or the immediate care given to someone
who is hurt or suddenly ill.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrTNMI8R0j0 A. bandaging C. first aid
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bpp81tvi6rw B. compression D. lashing

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lopGPwY-sno
___ 2. It is a break in the continuity of a tissue of the body either
internal or external.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1jkN3K5G8eE
A. dislocation C. sprain
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrtaXCWaDbY
B. wound D. strain
___ 3. It is used to start a diagonal lashing because of its ability
Prepared by: to tighten.
MICHAEL HENRY P. BALTAZAR A. clove hitch C. timber hitch
Teacher III
B. square knot D. bowline
Dagupan City National High School—Senior High School
___ 4. It is called the “king of knots”. It will never slip of jam if
properly made and thus, is excellent for trying around a person in
a rescue.
A. bowline C. clove hitch
B. two-half hitches D. sheet bend
___ 5. It is used to start and finished almost all lashing.
A. bowline C. clove hitch
B. timber hitch D. two-half hitches

44 3
___ 6. Which of the following is not an attaching knots that is
used for hitching?
A. clove hitch C. sheet bend
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5eTqjzQZDY
B. two-half hitches D. timber hitch
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAImKbDK2m4
___ 7. The latest statistics shows that there are more than 28
million scouts all over the world. How many scouts were • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gs9WyrzNjJs
involved in the experimental camp in 1907? • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoW2H72LuHw
A 15 C. 5
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rpq01rO9ZR0
B. 10 D. 20
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fqyu7vudJ0
___ 8. Where was the first camp held?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7k8CcAU2Lt0
A. London C. Brownsea Island
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJoo8dUp2eM
B. Olympia Stadium D. Gilwell Park
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kMxa9wi2XA
___ 9. Why was Scouting banned in totalitarian countries?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FW4OymlM8sM
A. Scouting competed with other youth organizations. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cLovFrC9uj4
B. Scouting was perceived to be a democratic • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzPto-4leaQ
movement.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUBIvWf-Udc
C. The totalitarian countries did not believe in the Scout
Method. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvIX9EApwzA

D. The totalitarian countries did not have good relations • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQKx4Sgl9us

with England. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwdJ5op25SM
___ 10. Who was the founder of Scouting and the first Chief
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ks-eTbL8j50
Scout of the World?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9NqGd7464U
A. Robert Baden-Powell C. John Thurman
B. Jacques Moreillon D. Olaves St. Clair Soames •

4 43
 ___ 11. Who started the Girl Guides program?
A. Queen Victoria C. Rudyard Kipling
B. Robert Baden-Powell D. Olave St. Clair Soames
• Basic Training Course for Outfit Advisors
___ 12. What are the principal functions of adults in Scouting?
National Office, BSP-Manila
Revised Edition 2016 A. Lead and direct C. Guide and support
B. Coach and teach D. Train and discipline
• World Scout Environment Education Program
National Office, BSP-Manila ___ 13. These are fun and physically designed to provide variety
1st WSEEC, 2016 and to develop Outfit unity and morale.
A. games C. scoutcraft
• 13 and above Senior Scout Handbook,
B. crew corners D. project
Volume One. Roberto A. De Los Reyes, Ed. D.;2000
___ 14. The following are some tips in selecting a good
campsite except.
• Advancement and Merit Badge Handbook,
Revised Edition. Boy Scouts of the Philippines, 2005 A. It must free from hazards and dangers.
B. Area should be plenty of dead woods for cooking and
for making camp gadgets.
• Troop Leader’s Manual.
Manila, Boy Scouts of the Philippines, 2005 C. Area should be far from a source of food
D. Area should have ample and safe water supply for
drinking.
• Program Guidebook in Boy Scouting. Boy Scouts of t
he Philippines, 1992 ___ 15. The following are Camping Principles except.
A. Adult male leadership is not necessary.

• www.scouts.org.ph B. Scouts cook by Crews

C. Scouts carry their own packs.

D. Scouts camp in tents or makeshift shelters

46 5
___ 16. It is an object (as an animal or plant, or carved or
painted representation of such an object) that serves as the
emblem or revered symbol of the Crew. It is fastened on the
Pre Test.
top of the pole of the Crew flag
1.C, 2.B, 3.C, 4.A, 5.C, 6.C, 7.D, 8.C, 9.B, 10.A, 11.D, 12.C,
A. Crew totem C. Crew corner 13.A, 14.C, 15.A, 16.A, 17.C, 18.D, 19.C, 20.C

A. Crew flag D. Crew medallion Practice Time p.9

___ 17. This is symbolic of everything that the Crew stands for. 1.D, 2.B, 3.A, 4.B, 5.C, 6.A, 7.C, 8.B, 9.D, 10.B
The style and color of the flag is dependent on the desire and
Practice Time p.16
creativity of the Crew. 1.True, 2.False, 3.True, 4.False, 5.True, 6.true, 7.True,
A. Crew medallion C. Crew flag 8.False, 9.True, 10.True

B. Crew call D. Crew yell Practice Time p.22

1.C, 2.B, 3.A, 4. B, 5. A, 6.A, 7.A, 8.D, 9.D, 10.B
___ 18. It is the practice of protecting wild plant and animal
species and habitat. Learning Activities p.24
A. water conservation C. energy conservation 1.B, 2.B, 3.A, 4.C, 5.G, 6.F, 7.E

B. soil conservation D. wildlife conservation Practice Time p.34

___ 19. Which is not a characteristic of the Scout Movement? 1.D, 2.B, 3.G, 4.E, 5.H, 6.C, 7. A, 8.F

A. voluntary C. educational Practice Time p. 38

1.SSW, 2.E, 3.ESE, 4.SW, 5.WNW, 6.NNE, 7.NNW, 8.S,
C. for youths and adults D. non-political
9.NE, 10.WNW
___ 20. This is the knot that forms the basis of most other knots.
In its used to prevent the end of the rope from unraveling. Post Test
1.C, 2.D, 3.A, 4.B, 5.D, 6.D, 7.A, 8.C, 9.C, 10.A, 11.C, 12.A,
A. square knot C. overhand knot 13.B, 14.A, 15.B, 16.D, 17.D, 18.C, 19.B, 20.D
B. timber hitch D. bowline

6 45
___ 19. Which of the following is not a leave no trace principle?
A. Plan ahead and prepare
B. Organize your equipment
LESSON 1:
C. Respect wildlife Historical Significance of the Life &Works of Lord
D. Dispose of waste properly Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden Powell to Scouting

___ 20. What is the correct order of the principles (1)Plan
Ahead and Prepare, (2) Dispose Waste Properly, (3)
Respect Wildlife, (4) Leave What You Find, (5)Be
Considerate of Other Visitors, (6)Minimize Campfire
Impacts, (7)Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces?
A. 2 1 3 4 7 6 5 C. 3 2 1 7 6 5 4
B. 5 2 3 1 7 6 4 D. all of these
1. THE MAN—Lord Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden
Powell.
A. A man who grew up from a well-known family of
a great explorer, artist, outdoorsman, sportsman, naturalist,
clergy man and educator.
B. A man who grew up with rich outdoor life and
experience from his early childhood up to his retiring
military career from India and Africa.
C. A great man who have serve his country for the
true essence of patriotism.
D. A great man who have serve humanity by
inculcating peace and noblest ideals of world brotherhood,
fellowship and camaraderie amongst the future generations
of one’s country.
E. A great man who gives his greatest gift of promise
and hope to create a better world by molding the characters
and citizenship training of the young people as future
leader.

2. THE ISLAND—Brownsea Island, Poole Harbor Doorset,

England
A. A special place where Scouting was born out of

44 7
fellowship and camaraderie of 21 Boys under the
Scoutmastership of Baden Powell.
B. An island that serves as a laboratory for learning the
life in the great outdoors, nature appreciation and communion
with God’s creation.
C. An island that where the Scout Method and Patrol
System were to a successful test.
D. An island that offers its abundant resources for the
practice of Campcraft and Woodcraft skills to scouts.
E. An island that serves as playground to the Troop and
Patrols where Scouting is a way of life.
3. THE BOOK—From “Aids to Scouting” to “Scouting for Boys”.
A. A book that serves as blueprint and master plan of
concepts, theories, principles and practices of Scouting Life.
B. A book that tells us the Philosophy and Rationale of
our existence as the world’s largest uniformed youth oriented
and youth serving organization across the globe.
C. A book that accounts real-life experiences of living in
the way of a Scout.
Try to visit the following sites for more information.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kMxa9wi2XA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FW4OymlM8sM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cLovFrC9uj4
8 43
___16. What does it mean to “set” or “orientate” your map?
A. Familiarizing yourself with the key on the side of the
map to ensure you recognize all the symbols.
B. The way to fold your map to ensure you can see your
whole walking route when it is in the map case.
C. Checking that you have the right map and a working
compass with you before you set off on a walk.
D. Lining up north on your map with north on the
compass to see how features on the map fit in with the ground
around you.
___ 17. Which is a fundamental concept of Duty to Others?
A. Unfolding of the personality
B Search for spiritual values in life
C. Transcending the material world
D. World friendship and understanding
___ 18. Three of you are going out for a day in the hills. How do
you decide who should do the navigation?
A. Jane should do it, she was on a course last year and
is the most experienced.
B. Jim should do it, he got lost last week so he needs the
practice.
C. You should all pay attention to the navigation.
D. Do it yourself, after all if you want a job done properly.
___ 12. It means animals living and plants growing in their
natural environment.

A. Wildlife C.. Wildlife Conservation

Write the letter of the best answer on the blanks provided before
B. Extinction D. Forest
each number.
___ 13. Which of the following statement is correct about wildlife ___ 1. The latest statistics shows that there are more than 28
Conservation? million Scouts all over the world. How many Scouts were
A. Forest is exhaustible but non-renewable natural involved in the experimental camp in 1907?
A. 5 C. 10
resources. B. 15 D. 20
B The forest and the forest resources are very important ___ 2. Where was the first camp held?
A. London C. Olympia Stadium
in developing and developed nations. B. Brownsea Island D. Gilwell Park
C. Urban sprawl is used to preserve our forest. ___ 3. Who was the founder of scouting and the first Chief Scout
of the World?
D. Forest is an impediment to development and must be A. Robert Baden-Powell C. John Thurman
destroyed. B. Jacques Morelion D. Olave St. Clair Soames
___ 4. What was the first book published about Scouting after
___ 14. It means something that no longer exists and has no the experimental camp?
living representative. A. The Jungle Book C. Aids to Scouting
A. Extinct C. Forest B. Scouting for Boys D. The Boy Scout Handbook
___ 5. What battle made B-P famous in England?
B. Endangered Species D. Wildlife A. World War I C. Siege of Mafeking
B. Battle at Iwo Jima D. Battle at the Alamo
___ 15. What is the magnetic variation?
___ 6. What Scout section was based on The Jungle Book?
A. The effect of holding your compass close to A. Cub C. Rover
something metal B. Scout D. Venture
___ 7. Where was the first World Jamboree held?
B. the difference between grid north and magnetic north \ A. Chile C. Olympia
B. Denmark D. Birkenhead
C The effect of a thunderstorm on the accuracy of your
compass.
D. The difference between grid north and true north

42 9
 ___ 6. The latest statistics shows that there are more than 28
___ 8. When was the centennial of the Brownsea Island camp?
million scouts all over the world. How many scouts were involved
A. 1957 C. 2007
B. 2008 D. 2057 in the experimental camp in 1907?
___ 9. Who started the Girl Guides program? A. 15 C. 5
A. Queen Victoria C. Rudyard Kipling
B. 10 D. 20
B. Robert Baden-Powell D. Olave St. Clair Soames
___ 10. Why was Scouting is banned in totalitarian countries? ___ 7. This is symbolic of everything that the Crew stands for.
A. Scouting competed with other youth organizations. The style and color of the of it depend on the desire and
B. Scouting was perceived to be democratic movement. creativity of the Crew.
C. The Totalitarian countries did not believe in the Scout
A. Crew Flag C. Crew Totem
Method.
D. The Totalitarian countries did not have good relations B. Crew Medallion D. Crew Name
with England. ___ 8. Where was the first camp held?

A. London C. Brownsea Island

D. Olympia Stadium D. Gilwell Park

___ 9. This is the anthem of the Crew. It may be a hymn or a
march.
A. Crew Name C. Crew Song
B. Crew Yell D. Crew Call
___ 10. Who was the founder of Scouting and the first Chief
Scout of the World?

A. Robert Baden-Powell C. Jacques Moreillon

B. John Thurman D. Olaves St. Clair Soames
___ 11. It is the practice of protecting wild plant and animal
species and habitat.
A. Wildlife C. Wildlife Conservation
B. Extinction D.. Forest

10 41
 LESSON 2: Crew System and Scout Method
I. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the best answer on the
blanks provided before each number.
Within an outfit, the Scouts are organized into groups of 6
___ 1. It is an object (as an animal or plant, or carved or painted to 8 senior scouts each, which are called Crews. The Crew
representation of such an object) that serves as the emblem or chooses its own name, and identifies itself with a symbol (a crew
revered symbol of the Crew. It is fastened on the top of the pole is usually named after trees, birds, animals, heroes, etc.). The
of the Crew flag. members choose their own leader who becomes their
representative to the Crew Leader’s Council which helps to plan
A. Crew Name C. Crew Totem
Outfit activities and to operate the Outfit effectively.
B. Crew Medallion D. Crew Song
Each member in the Crew is assigned a responsibility. A
___ 2. A typical Crew in an Outfit is may be made up of ___
typical Crew in an Outfit is may be made up of 8 members within
members with different responsibilities. the following responsibilities:
A. 5 C. 12
B.10 D. 8 Member No. 1 Crew Leader
___ 3. It is called the “king of knots”. It will never slip of jam if The head and the spokesman of the Crew. He leads the
Crew not only in following its own interests but also contributing
properly made and thus, is excellent for trying around a person in
to the success of the entire Outfit.
a rescue.
Member No. 2 Assistant Crew Leader
A. bowline C. clove hitch
Acts as head and spokesman of the Crew in the absence
B. two-half hitches D. sheet bend of the Crew Leader. He helps the Crew Leader in the
presentation of his obligations and performs such different
___ 4. It is used to shorten a rope.
capacities as might be relegated to him by the Crew Leader
A. clove hitch C. sheet bend occasionally.
B. sheep shank D. timber hitch Member No. 3 Crew Scribe
___ 5. It is a shout or a howl that can easily identify the Crew. He/She records and keeps the minutes of Crew
meetings and the Crew log book. He handles all the paper works
A. Crew Song C. Crew Name of the Crew to incorporate the Advancement, participation and
B. Crew Corner D. Crew Yell cooperation records of all the Crew individuals.

40 11
 Member No. 4 Crew Treasurer
He/She is responsible for the collection and handling of Make
all Crew finances such as due and other funds. Accordingly, your own school orienteering map
he tracks all money related exchanges of the Crew. by drawing it inside the box below.
Member No. 5 Crew Quartermaster Above right is an example.
He/She is responsible for the storage and maintenance • Trail from the entrance gate to
of all Crew equipment, materials and supplies. He inspects Principals office
these regularly and makes sure everything is accounted for
and in good condition. He takes charges of releasing them to • Principals office to your classroom
Crew members and makes sure all are returned clean and in
order immediately after use.
Member No. 6 Crew Cheer Leader
He/She is the spirit builder of the Crew. He drives the
Crew in cheering, in singing, goes about as emcee during
socials and in boosting the resolve and excitement of the
individuals. He creates Crew yells, stunts, tricks, songs and
teaches them to the whole Crew..
Member No. 7 Crew Hike Leader
He/She is the outdoor specialist of the Crew. He leads in the
arranging and in the execution of all Crew open air exercises and
undertakings embraced as well as partaken in by the Crew, for
example, experience climbs, endeavors, camps, adventure hikes,
expeditions, camps, rallies, tournaments, picnics, river
explorations, air-shows, etc.
Member No. 8 Crew Grubmaster
He/She is in-charged of food preparation and other
dietary requirement of the Crew. He designs the menu, does the
showcasing, prepares the food and manages the wreck.

12 39
 The Crew System is absolutely necessary to achieve the
aims of Scouting because:
Write the correct label of each.
• This is the way an Outfit tends to operate, in Senior
1. 200ᵒ ________________ Scouting or outside of Senior Scouting. They form into
small groups where they can relate to each other.
2. 90ᵒ ________________
• This is the only method which guarantees that the Senior
3. 110ᵒ ________________ Scouts program will be operated by senior scouts.
4. 225ᵒ ________________ Remove the Crew System and all you will have left is a
large group of boys led by an adult. That certainly is not
5. 300ᵒ ________________ scouting.
6. 15ᵒ ________________ • Each senior scout is important to the Crew. If the senior
scout is present, he participates; if he is absent, he is
7. 355ᵒ ________________ sorely missed. In an Outfit without functioning crews, the
8. 180ᵒ ________________ individual boy is merely a nameless” anybody” rather
than an important part of a working group.
9. 45ᵒ ________________
Try to visit this website for more information.
10. 280ᵒ ________________
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzPto-4leaQ

The job of an Outfit Advisor is a challenging one. It

requires devotion and whole-hearted interest. Your main job
responsibilities as an Outfit Advisor are:
• Help Crew Leaders make the Crew System succeed
in an Outfit.

• Assist and encourage each individual Senior Scout to

grow through advancement.

• Work with and through responsible adults to give

better scouting.

38 13
 The Crew System is the most effective way to run an To read your compass:
Outfit. The Outfit Advisor who uses the Crew System
• Hold your compass steadily in your hand so the base
wholeheartedly makes his job far more effective, yet much
simpler than any other way because it places the responsibility plate is level and the direction of travel arrow is pointing
for the success of the Outfit on them. straight away from you.
When your crew leaders run their outfit under your • Hold it somewhere between your face and abdomen in
guidance, you will be relieved of many of the details. The boys an agreeable arm position with your elbow twisted and
will train each other in the crew. You will not have to worry
compass held near your stomach.
about next week’s meeting program for the boy leaders will
have planned it at their last get-together. Even the collection of • Peer down at the compass and see where the needle
dues and attendance will be the job of one of the boys. focuses.
It has been proved often that where the patrol system
is used, Scouting succeeds. It succeeds when the Outfit • The red end of the needle should be inside the little
Advisor has faith in his boys and in their ability to govern house.
themselves, and where he patiently helps the boy leaders to
carry on.
Here are the features that develop Crew Spirit:
1. Crew Name – one of the first things Scouts do is to
agree on their first Crew meeting the name of their crew.
Generally the crew chooses one with a special meaning and
inspiration to the Crew members. It may be the name of a
plant, an animal, or star. It may be a historical or racial name
like Barangay, or named after our national heroes, Rizal,
Bonifacio, Mabini, etc.
2. Crew Flag – this is symbolic of everything that the
Crew stands for. The style and shade of the banner is reliant
on the craving and inventiveness of the Crew. Each Crew has
a flag with an emblem that represents its name. The Crew is
also carried during Crew and Outfit meetings and on campouts.
3. Crew Totem – an object (as an animal or plant, or
carved or painted representation of such an object) that serves
as the emblem or revered symbol of the Crew. It is fastened on
the top of the pole of the Crew flag.

14 37

LESSON 6
Compass Reading
No matter the compass is, one end of the needle always
points North. On a mountaineering compass, it is almost always
the Red end, but it’s a good idea to test your compass before
starting to use it. Verify that your dial peruses 0 degrees and how
about we all turn and face north
36
4. Crew Song – this is the anthem of the Crew. It may
be a hymn or a march.
5. Crew Yell – a shout or a howl that can easily identify
the Crew. It is some kinds of cheering that will make everyone
in the Crew desire their best in all their undertakings. A short
and snappy yell can put pep into the members and builds the
spirit of everyone in the Crew.
6. Crew Call – an oral coded call to identify members of
a crew. When sounded, all members should assemble to
where the call is made. It may be a cry, a whistle a sound or a
signal associated with the name of the crew. If crew members
want to gather without letting the other Scouts know, the Crew
call sounded.
7. Crew Signature – a secret signature known only to
the members of the Crew. Used for identification of members in
their communication.
8. Crew Medallion – something resembling a large
medal used by crew members. It is representative of the Crew
and what it stands for. The shape of the medallion should be
particular only to the crew.
9. Crew Corner – a place where the crew members
place or display their projects, achievements, awards and other
recognitions. This is where the crew gathers and conducts their
meetings.
10. Crew Code – a statement of beliefs and values,
which sets the standards of behavior of all Crew members. It
also serves as basis for crew tradition and culture.
Let the members of the Crew decide and develop these
features. Use them whenever you can. At Outfit meetings, let
patrol leaders report, “Carabaos all presents, Sir”. Let them
give their Crew song or Yell when finish their project or in
games. Give the Crew flag prominent place in outfit meetings
and in camp or in other outdoor activities.
15
Write True if the statement is correct and False if not.
_______ 1. The Crew (team) system aims to provide opportuni- Prepare 8 pieces of 1-meter rope (preferably a nylon rope) and
ties to develop and enhance leadership potentials of Scouts 8 pieces of twigs. Make the 8 basic knots and label its name.
through cooperation and teamwork.
Take a photo of your output and pass it to your adviser.
_______ 2. Crew is compose of more than 8 members.

_______ 3. Pride in the Crew and its achievement is what

makes the Crew Spirit.

_______ 4. The principles of Crew Sytem were first introduced

by St. Clair Olave Soames.

_______ 5. The Crew System on its own will work because of

itself.

_______ 6. Crew Leader is the head of the Crew.

_______ 7. Crew Flag is the symbol of everything that the Crew

stands for.

_______8. Crew medallion is placed on top of the pole of the

Crew flag.

_______ 9. Crew Song, Crew Yell and Crew Skit are presenta-
tion of the Crew during campfires.

_______ 10. When the Movement was founded and “Scouting

for Boys” was published , the Crew System became one of the
basic elements of Scouting.

16 35
 Choose 4 positions and activities to do your specific task.
Match column A to column B by writing the letter of the correct
answer on the blanks provided before each number. 1.Crew Leader
A B • Make a list of proposed activities for outdoor activity

2. Assistant Crew Leader

• Create a design and symbolic representation of your Crew
__ 1. Sheepshank Knot A.
Flag and Crew Totem

3. Crew Scribe
__ 2. Overhand Knot B
• Make your own Crew Directory—to include all basic
information of your Crew members.

__ 3. Clove Hitch C. 4. Crew Treasurer

• Make a budget for weekend camp (Friday to Sunday), to
include allocation and expenses.
__ 4. Timber Hitch D.
5.Crew Quartermaster
• Make a checklist of Crew and Camping Tools and
__ 5. Taught Line E. Equipment

6. Crew Cheer Leader

__ 6. Bowline • Make a composition of your respective Crew Yell, Crew Song
and Crew Call.
F.
7. Crew Hike Leader
__ 7. Square Knot
• Make an illustration of your camp lay-out .
G.
8. Crew Grubmaster
__ 8. Half Hitch
• Make a camp menu for weekend camp (Friday to Sunday)
H.

34 17

LESSON 3:
PRINCIPLES OF LEAVE NO TRACE
1. Plan Ahead and Prepare
2. Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces
3. Dispose Waste Properly
4. Leave What You Find
5. Minimize Campfire Impacts
6. Respect Wildlife
7. Be Considerate of Other Visitors
1. PLAN AHEAD AND PREPARE
• Know the guidelines and unique worries for the zone
you'll visit. Get ready for extraordinary climate, perils, and
crises. Timetable your excursion to stay away from
seasons of high use.
• Prepare for extreme weather, hazards, and emergencies.
• Schedule your trip to avoid times of high use.
• Visit in little gatherings. Split bigger gatherings into more
modest gatherings. Repackage food to limit squander.
• Repackage food to minimize waste.
• Utilize a guide and compass to take out the utilization of
stamping paint, rock cairns or hailing.
18
7. Sheepshank knot
It is a simple knot useful for temporarily shortening a
rope. It is made by making a double loop in the rope and tying a
half hitch at each end.
You can also visit these website.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bpp81tvi6rw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lopGPwY-sno
8. Taught Line
It is a top choice among campers. This bunch is valuable
for changing the strain of tent person line and clothing lines,
among different employments. The bunch can be slipped to fix
or relax a line, at that point holds quick under burden.
You can also visit
these website.
https://
www.youtube.com/
watch?v=1jkN3K5G8eE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrtaXCWaDbY
33
5. Square Knot
It is used to attach the ends of the ropes together. It is
quick to tie once proficient and it is not prone to loosening.
You can also visit these websites.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxdUfYKrcfY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOAxiQk8wj8
6. Half Hitch
It is unsafe when used alone; the Half Hitch is used in
combination with many important knots. It is made by making a
twofold circle in the rope and tying a half hitch at each end
You can also visit
these websites.
https://
www.youtube.com/
watch?v=8ewvDw9iDh8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrTNMI8R0j0
32
2. TRAVEL AND CAMP ON DURABLE SURFACES
• Durable surfaces incorporate set up path and camping areas,
rock, rock, dry grasses or day off. Ensure riparian zones by
outdoors in any event 200 feet from lakes and streams. Great
camping areas are discovered, not made.
• Protect riparian areas by camping at least 200 feet from
lakes and streams.
• Good campsites are found, not made. Altering a site is
not necessary.
In popular areas
• Concentrate use on existing trails and campsites
• Modifying a site isn't important. In famous regions Concentrate
use on existing path and camping areas. Walk single record in
the path, in any event, when wet or sloppy.
3. DISPOSE WASTE PROPERLY
• Arrange WASTE PROPERLY Pack it in, pack it out.
Review your campground and rest zones for refuse or
spilled food sources. Pack out all waste, extra food, and
litter.
• Store strong human waste in catholes burrowed 6 to 8
inches deep at any rate 200 feet from water, camp, and
trails. Cover and mask the cathole when wrapped up.
• Pack out tissue and cleanliness items.
• To wash yourself or your dishes, divert water 200 feet
from streams or lakes and utilize limited quantities of
biodegradable cleanser.
19
4. LEAVE WHAT YOU FIND 3. Overhand Knot

• Preserve the past: observe, but do not touch, cultural or This is the knot that forms the basis of most other knots.
In its own right it is used as a simple stopper knot in the end of a
historic structures and artefacts. line.
• Leave rocks, plants and other natural objects as you find
them.
• Avoid introducing or transporting non-native species. You can also visit these
websites.
• Do not build structures, furniture, or dig trenches.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwdJ5op25SM
5. MINIMIZE CAMPFIRE IMPACTS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ks-eTbL8j50
• Campfires can cause lasting impacts to the backcountry.
Utilize a lightweight oven for cooking and appreciate a
flame lamp for light. 4. Bowline
• Where flames are allowed, utilize set up fire rings, fire It is called the “King of Knots”. It won't ever slip or jam if
container, or hill fires. appropriately made and accordingly, is incredible for tying
• Keep fires small. Only use sticks from the ground that can around an individual in a salvage.
be broken by hand.
• Consume all wood and coals to debris, put out pit fires
totally, at that point dissipate cool remains.
6. RESPECT WILDLIFE
• Taking care of untamed life harms their wellbeing, adjusts
You can also visit these
characteristic practices, and opens them to hunters and
different risks.
websites.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
• Never feed animals. Feeding wildlife damages their
v=Q9NqGd7464U
health, alters natural behaviours, and exposes them to
predators and other dangers. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALQzG-mx-qw

20 31
 The Basic Knots
• Ensure untamed life and your food by putting away
1. Clove Hitch apportions and junk safely.

This is one of the most widely used knots. Because it • Control pets consistently, or leave them at home.
passes around an object in only one direction, it puts very little • Avoid wildlife during sensitive times:
strain on the rope fibers. It is the knot we use to start and end
almost all lashings. It is usually tied around a pole. mating, nesting or raising young.
7. BE CONSIDERATE OF OTHER VISITORS
• Regard different guests and ensure the nature of their
experience.
• Be obliging. Respect different clients on the path.
• Step to the declining side of the path when experiencing
You also can visit these pack stock.
websites.
• Remove breaks and camp from trails and different guests
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gs9WyrzNjJs
• Let nature’s sounds prevail. Avoid loud voices and
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUBIvWf-Udc noises.
2. Timber Hitch
It holds logs or poles temporarily. It will hold immovably You can visit these websites for more information.
insofar as there is a
consistent draw; loosen and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoW2H72LuHw
twitching may relax it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rpq01rO9ZR0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fqyu7vudJ0

You can also visit these websites.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvIX9EApwzA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQKx4Sgl9us

30 21
 *

Write the letter of the best answer on the blanks provided before LESSON 5
each number.
Basic Knots
___ 1. Which of the following is not a leave no trace principle?
A. Plan ahead and prepare C. Organize your equipment
Rope ordinarily used is made of abaca, sisal or synthetic
B. Respect wildlife D. Dispose of waste properly fibers, cotton and other plant yarns are also used. While
___ 2. There are ___ leave no trace principle. synthetic ropes overcome some defects of abaca ropes, such as
rotting, these also have weaknesses. A good rope is a major
A. five C. six
investment worthy of careful maintenance. Keep it clean free
B. seven D. eight from mud or grease. Repair worn out parts by splicing. This is
quite possibly the most broadly utilized bunches. Since it passes
___ 3. Leave No Trace is for the outdoors only.
around an article just a single way, it puts almost no strain on the
A. True C. either rope filaments. Above all, red tag all ropes that are unsafe for
B. False D. none normal use or loading.

___ 4. Leave No Trace Australia was established in year ____. A rope has the following parts:

A. 2000 C. 2005 1. Standing part—the part of

the rope that is not actively being used
B. 2002 D. 2003 to tie a knot
___ 5. Take only pictures and leave only footprints is a simple 2. Working end—the part of
way to explain leave no trace. the rope that is being used to tie a
A. True C. either knot.
B. False D. none 3. Overhand loop—the running end of
the rope is placed over te standing part
___ 6. Leave no Trace teaches people to respect different
of the rope.
cultures.
4. Underhand loop—the running end of the rope is placed under
A. True C. either
the standing part of the rope.
B. False D. none
5. The bight—any section of the rope that creates a “U” shape.

22 29
 * ___ 7. You are organising your food before an expedition so that
there is minimal rubbish. What principle/s would this fit into?
A. plan ahead and prepare C. None
Make your own poster and slogan
to promote wildlife and endangered species. Put it inside the box B. Dispose of waste properly D. A & B
below or you may use a long coupon bond.
___ 8. Where can you use leave no trace principles?
A. when you’re outside C. on expedition
B. at school D. all of these

___ 9. What is the correct order of the principles (1)Plan Ahead

and Prepare, (2) Dispose Waste Properly, (3) Respect
Wildlife, (4) Leave What You Find, (5)Be Considerate of
Other Visitors, (6)Minimize Campfire Impacts, (7)Travel and
Camp on Durable Surfaces?
A. 2 1 3 4 7 6 5 C. 3 2 1 7 6 5 4
B. 5 2 3 1 7 6 4 D. all of these
___ 10. Leave rocks, plants and other natural objects as
you find them, avoid introducing or transporting non-native
species and do not build structures, furniture, or dig
trenches are included in what principle?
A. Respect Wildlife
B. Leave What You Find
C. Be Considerate of Other Visitors
D. Minimize Campfire Impacts

28 23

Choose in the box that fits in each situation by writing the letter of
your answer on the blanks provided before each number.
(A) Plan Ahead and Prepare B) Dispose Waste Properly
(C) Respect Wildlife (D) Leave What You Find
(E) Be Considerate of Other Visitors
(F) Minimize Campfire Impacts
(G) Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces?
___ 1. You make sure that all food and rubbish is stored securely
overnight.
___ 2. You are in a high risk area so you have to “pack your
poop”.
___3. You have a researched your track and know that there are
no places to put your rubbish. Therefore you have brought your
own rubbish bag with.
___4.There is a beautiful flower at your campsite but you leave it
alone so that others can appreciate it.
___5. The track is muddy but you walk through the mud instead
of going around and damaging the plants.
___6.There is a premade campfire that is away from your
campsite you use it instead of creating a new fire pit.
___ 7. You are part of a large group that is in Bibbulmun track
hut. You and your group move out of the hut when a pair of
walkers arrive at camp.
24
*
Write at least 8 ways on
how you can help endangered species.
1._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
5._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
6._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
7._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
8._________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
27
*How do animals become endangered or extinct?
Reasons for endangerment and extinction can be grouped in
several categories:
• Pollution
• Destruction of Habitat
• Urban sprawl (the expanding of towns and cities)
• Introduction of new exotic species-competition
• Over exploitation
• Failure to reproduce
• Food shortages
You can visit these websites for more information.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7k8CcAU2Lt0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJoo8dUp2eM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5eTqjzQZDY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAImKbDK2m4
26
LESSON 4:
Wildlife and Endangered Species
The word woodland to some is an obstruction to
advancement and should be obliterated, some trust it to be the
residence of the dead, abhorrent soul and anything merciless.
Woods anyway is a modest yet sustainable normal assets, this
implies that timberland assets is organically inexhaustible they
can develop and regrow subsequent to collecting on a similar
site.
The timberland and the woodland assets are vital in
creating and created countries. This topic buttresses the need for
us to be aware of the untapped resources in our forest and the
benefit we can derive from it.
Wildlife means animals living and plants growing in their
natural environment.
Wildlife Conservation is the practice of protecting wild
plant and animal species and habitat. Extinct means something
that no longer exists and has no living representative. A species
of animal or plant that is seriously at risk of extinction is called
endangered species. (e.g. dinosaurs, etc)
25