Enhance power quality of distribution system using

fuzzy logic based DSTATCOM

A Project Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Award of theDegree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Submitted by

CH. Vinay Kumar Reg. No. 20KD1A0222

Under the Esteemed Guidance of

Dr. K. Subbaramaiah
M. TECH, Ph. D

Professor

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology(A)
(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University 88Gurajada
Vizianagaram) Approved by AICTE, Accredited by NBA & NAAC with
‘A’ Grade
Vizianagaram 535005
April 2024

i
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Jonnada (Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535 005.
Phone No. 08922 241111, 241112
E Mail.: lendi_2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “Enhance Power Quality of
Distribution
System Using Fuzzy Logic Based DSTATCOM” is being submitted
by

CH. Vinay Kumar Reg. No. 20KD1A0222

In partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in

Electrical and Electronics Engineering to the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
University Gurazada, Vizianagaram is a record of bonafide work carried out under
my guidance and supervision.
The results embodied in this project report have not been submitted to any other
Institute or University for the award of any Degree.

Project Guide Head of the Department

External Examiner

ii
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA &NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Jonnada (Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535 005.Phone
No. 08922 241111, 241112
E Mail.: lendi_2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I consider it a privilege to thank all those people who helped us a lot with
the successful completion of this project work entitled “Enhance Power Quality of
Distribution System Using Fuzzy Logic Based DSTATCOM”.
I sincerely express our wholehearted gratitude to Mr. Guide Associate Professor for
his technical guidance, constant encouragement, and support incarrying out the project
work.
I would like to thank Dr. K. Subbaramaiah Head of the Department of Electrical
and Electronics Engineering for his collaboration and constant encouragement for
the successful completion of this project work even though he is busy with his hectic
schedule of teaching and administration.
I Sincerely express our wholehearted thanks to Dr. V.V. Rama Reddy, Principal for
providing us with all the required software and working facilities in the college to carry out
the hardware setup successfully.
I avail this opportunity to express our deep sense of gratitude and hearty thanksto the
management of Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology for providing a congenial
atmosphere and encouragement.
Finally, I would like to thank all the Teaching and Non-Teaching Staff who helped
us in the successful coemption of the project work. We also like to thank all of our Friends
& Parents who helped us directly or indirectly with successfully completion of the project
work.

CH. Vinay Kumar Reg. No. 20KD1A0222

3
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Jonnada (Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535 005.
Phone No. 08922 241111, 241112
E-Mail.: lendi_2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

INSTITUTE

VISION

Producing globally competent and quality technocrats with human values for the holistic
needs of industry and society.

MISSION

➢ Creating an outstanding infrastructure and platform for the enhancement of skills,

knowledge, and behavior of students towards employment and higher studies.
➢ Providing a healthy environment for research, development, and entrepreneurship,
to meet the expectations of industry and society.
➢ Transforming the graduates to contribute to the socio-economic development and
welfare of society through value-based education.

4
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Jonnada (Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535 005.
Phone No. 08922 241111, 241112
E-Mail.: lendi.2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

Department of Electrical and Electronics

Engineering
VISION

To be a hub for imparting knowledge, skills, and behavior for exemplary contributions
in the field of Electrical and Electronics Engineering.

MISSION

• To impart Technical Education through state-of-the-art infrastructure

facilities, laboratories, and instruction.
• To inculcate industry-oriented learning through industrial visits, internships,
projects at Industries, and MOUs, to make students technically skills-oriented.
• Creating a conducive environment for higher education, employment,
and entrepreneurship through quality education, professional skills, and research.
• To promote societal commitment among students by inculcating moral and ethical values.

5
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Jonnada (Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535 005.
Phone No. 08922 241111, 241112
E-Mail.: lendi.2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs)

PEO1: Graduates shall have a strong foundation in core and allied Electrical and
Electronics Engineering, in sciences and mathematics, to become globally
competent in designing, modeling, and critical problem-solving.
PEO2: Graduates shall be involved in research activities in the field of electrical
and electronics engineering through lifelong learning and provide solutions
to engineering problems for the sustainable development ofsociety.
PEO3: Graduates shall have good communication skills and socio-ethical values
for getting employmentor higher studies by excelling in competitive examinations
and being able to work in supportive and leadership roles.

6
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Jonnada (Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535
005.Phone No. 08922 241111, 241112
E-Mail: lendi_2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

PO1: Engineering Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics,

science, engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the
solution of complex engineering problems.
PO2: Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and
analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions
using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
PO3: Design & Development: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs
with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural,
societal, and environmental considerations
PO4: Investigations: Use research-based knowledge and research methods
including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis
of the information to provide valid conclusions.
PO5: Modern Tools: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources,
and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to
complex engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
PO6: Engineer & Society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual
knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the
consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
PO7: Environment & Sustainability: Understand the impact of the
professional engineering professional engineering and demonstrate the knowledge
of, and need for sustainable development.
PO8: Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
responsibilities and normsof the engineering practice
PO9: Individual & Team Work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a

vii
member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.

PO10: Communication Skills: Communicate effectively on complex engineering

activities with the engineering community and with society at large, such as being
able to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make
effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions

PO11: Project mgt. & Finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary
environments
PO12: Life-Long Learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and
ability to engage in independent and lifelong learning in the broadest context of
technological change.

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)

PSO1: Capable of designing, developing, testing, verifying, and

implementing electrical and electronics engineering systems and products.
PSO2: Succeed in national and international competitive examinations
for successful higher studies andemployment.

8
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY(A) (Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated
to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade Jonnada
(Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535 005.Phone No.
08922 241111, 241112
E Mail.: lendi_2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering

PROJECT COURSE OUTCOMES

1. Apply the Concepts of Electrical Engineering to analyze the ideas of

Students and Design thePhysical/ Simulation model.
2. Enable Students to work as individual and in Diverse Teams.
3. Identify the state of the art in the Fields of Electrical Engineering through a
Literature Survey andImplement the ideas using Modern Tools.
4. Design and Develop models that are useful for the Society by following
Research Ethics andValues.
5. Improve the Writing and Presentation Skills of Students to enable the
Work done by them toget Published.

CO Vs PO & PSOs MAPPING

COs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2

CO2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2

CO3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

CO4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

CO5 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

CO 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Overall, Pos & PSOs mapped: PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5, PO6, PO7, PO8, PO9, PO10, PO11,
PO12, PSO1, PSO2

9
 LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY(A)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUGV)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Jonnada (Village), Denkada (Mandal), Vizianagaram Dist. – 535
005.Phone No. 08922 241111, 241112
E-Mail: lendi_2008@yahoo.com Website: www.lendi.org

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

CONTENT
Chapter No. DESCRIPTION Page No.

Abstract 1

List of Figures 2

Chapter-1 1. Introduction 4

1.1 Key objectives of this study include 5

1.2 Power Quality Challenges in Distribution Systems 5

1.3 Role of DSTATCOMs in Power Quality

Enhancement 6

Chapter-2 2. Review of Literature 10

Chapter-3 3. Power Quality 14

Chapter-4 4. D-STATCOM 17

4.1 Reactive Power Compensation 17

4.1.1 Voltage Regulation 17

4.1.2 Dynamic Operation 18

4.1.3 Control Strategies 18

4.1.4 Component Configuration 18

4.1.5 Applications 18

4.1.6 Benefits 19

4.2 Operating Principle 19

4.2.1 Voltage Sag Mitigation 19

 4.2.2 Voltage Swell compensation 20

4.2.3 Harmonics Mitigation 20

4.2.4 Power Factor Correction 20

4.2.5 Renewable Energy Integration 20

4.2.6 Smart Grid Applications 20

4.3 Customized Control Strategies 21

4.3.1 Modular Design and Scalability 21

4.3.2 Harmonic Mitigation 21

4.3.3 Fast Response Time 22

4.3.4 Grid Support Functions 22

4.3.5 Integration with Smart Grid Technologies 22

4.3.6 Hybrid Solutions and Multi Functionality 22

4.3.7 Grid Resilience and Blackout Prevention 22

Chapter-5 5. Control strategies 24

5.1 Indirect Decoupled Current Control 24

5.2 Phase shift control 26

5.3 Rotating Frame Current Controller 29

5.4 Proposed Control strategy 32

Chapter-6 6. Results

6.1 Case1: Test System Without Insertion of 36

D-STATCOM

6.2 Case2: Insertion of D-STATCOM 38

6.3 Case3: Insertion of D-STATCOM with using 41

fuzzy logic in controller

Chapter-7 7. Conclusion 44

REFERENCES 35
 ABSTRACT
The distribution power system has poor power quality and dynamic performance due to
insufficient reactive power support during disturbances. A Distribution Static
Compensator (DSTATCOM) can improve the power quality and dynamic performance of
the distribution power system. Proportional and Integral (PI) controllers are often used to
control the operation of the DSTATCOM for the distribution power system. However, since the
power system is highly nonlinear and subject to various disturbances, the PI-controlled
DSTATCOM cannot provide optimal performance for different operating points. More robust
controllers such as the one based on the fuzzy logic approach are required for the
DSTATCOM to provide adequate dynamic voltage control and to improve the power quality
and stability of the distribution power system. To solve this problem a modern and important
power device introduced to reduce the distortions in the utility grid is the DSTATCOM.
This device is flexible to reduce the distortions. The DSTATCOM is a static synchronous
compensator used to mitigate the harmonics in the utility grid. A fuzzy logic controller was
introduced to improve the performance of DSTATCOM further. The system is designed and
simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK for different types of faults and simulation studies are
presented.

1
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No Title Page

No

1 Basic block Diagram of D-STATCOM 17

2 Basic line Diagram of DSTATCOM 18

3 Basic Block Diagram of indirect coupled control 24

4 Control of phase shift of DSTATCOM 27

5 Block Diagram of Rotating Frame Current Controller 30

6 Control Block diagram of proposed strategy 34

7 Simulink model without Insertion of D-STATCOM 36

8 Simulink model with Insertion of D-STATCOM 38

9 Simulink diagram of D-STATCOM with using

41
Fuzzy Controller

2
CHAPTER-1

3
 INTRODUCTION

In today's rapidly evolving electrical power systems, maintaining high-quality power delivery is
essential for ensuring reliable and efficient operation. Power quality issues such as voltage
sags, swells, harmonics, and unbalance can lead to equipment failures, production losses, and
increased operational costs for both utilities and consumers. To address these
challenges, advanced technologies like Distribution Static Compensators (DSTATCOMs)
have been developed, offering dynamic reactive power compensation and voltage
regulation capabilities.

DSTATCOMs are flexible and intelligent devices that can inject or absorb reactive power
as needed, thereby improving voltage stability and mitigating power quality disturbances.
To enhance the effectiveness of DSTATCOMs in addressing power quality issues,
advanced control strategies based on fuzzy logic have been widely adopted. Fuzzy logic
controllers offer the advantage of handling complex and nonlinear system behavior, making
them suitable for real-time control of DSTATCOMs in dynamic distribution systems.

This paper focuses on the application of fuzzy logic-based control techniques to DSTATCOMs
for enhancing power quality in distribution systems. The integration of fuzzy logic
algorithms enables DSTATCOMs to adaptively adjust their operation based on system
conditions and load requirements, resulting in improved voltage regulation, harmonics
mitigation, and overall power quality enhancement. By combining the intelligence of fuzzy
logic with the dynamic capabilities of DSTATCOMs, a robust and efficient solution can be
achieved for maintaining high-quality power delivery in modern distribution networks.

4
1.1 Key objectives of this study include

1. Investigating power quality issues in distribution systems and their impact on system
performance and reliability.
2. Reviewing the principles and functionalities of DSTATCOMs in providing reactive
power compensation and voltage regulation.
3. Analyzing the advantages of fuzzy logic-based control techniques for DSTATCOMs
in addressing dynamic power quality challenges.
4. Developing a comprehensive control strategy integrating fuzzy logic with DSTATCOMs
to improve power quality metrics such as voltage stability, harmonic distortion, and load
balancing.
5. Evaluating the performance and effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy logic-based
DSTATCOM
system through simulations and real-world case studies.

This research aims to contribute to the advancement of power quality enhancement technologies
in distribution systems, providing valuable insights for utilities, researchers, and industry
practitioners involved in power system planning, operation, and optimization. By leveraging
the synergy between fuzzy logic and DSTATCOMs, significant improvements in power quality
and system reliability can be achieved, ultimately benefiting electricity consumers and
promoting sustainable energy infrastructure development.

1.2 Power Quality Challenges in Distribution Systems

Voltage sags and swells These are sudden changes in voltage levels that can disrupt sensitive
equipment.
Harmonics Non-linear loads can introduce harmonics, leading to distorted waveforms
and potential equipment malfunctions.
Voltage unbalance Imbalanced voltage levels can affect the performance of three-phase loads
and cause inefficiencies.

5
1.3 Role of DSTATCOMs in Power Quality Enhancement DSTATCOMs are capable of
injecting or absorbing reactive power to regulate voltage levels and mitigate power
quality issues. They operate in real-time, making them effective in responding to
dynamic changes in the distribution system.

1.4 Fuzzy Logic-Based Control for DSTATCOMs

Fuzzy logic controllers use linguistic variables and rules to make decisions, allowing for
adaptive and intelligent control. Fuzzy logic can handle uncertainties and variations in
system parameters, making it suitable for dynamic power quality improvement.

1.5 Advantages of Fuzzy Logic-Based DSTATCOMs

Improved accuracy Fuzzy logic enables precise control of DSTATCOMs, leading to
better voltage regulation and harmonic mitigation.
Robustness Fuzzy logic controllers can adapt to changing operating conditions and load
variations, enhancing system reliability.
Reduced complexity Fuzzy logic-based control algorithms are often simpler to
implement compared to traditional control methods, while still achieving high performance
results.

1.6 Integration and Optimization

The integration of fuzzy logic with DSTATCOMs involves designing control algorithms that
optimize reactive power compensation based on system requirements and power
quality objectives. Parameters such as membership functions, rule sets, and inference
mechanisms are tuned to achieve optimal performance and efficiency.

1.7 Performance Evaluation

The performance of the fuzzy logic-based DSTATCOM system can be evaluated through
simulations using power system analysis software. Real-world case studies and field tests
can also validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution in improving power quality
metrics and system stability

6
1.8 Impact and Benefits
Enhanced power quality leads to increased reliability, reduced downtime, and improved
operational efficiency for utilities and end users. Fuzzy logic-based DSTATCOMs
contribute to a more resilient and adaptive distribution infrastructure, supporting the
integration of renewable energy sources and modern electrical loads.
By leveraging the capabilities of fuzzy logic-based control techniques in conjunction
with DSTATCOMs, significant advancements can be made in enhancing power quality and
ensuring the smooth operation of distribution systems in today's complex electrical networks.

1.9 Optimal Reactive Power Compensation

Fuzzy logic controllers can optimize the reactive power compensation provided
by DSTATCOMs based on varying load conditions and system dynamics. By
dynamically adjusting the reactive power output, voltage fluctuations can be minimized,
leading to improved voltage stability and reliability.

1.10 Adaptive Control Strategies

Fuzzy logic-based control strategies for DSTATCOMs can adaptively respond to changes in
system parameters such as load variations, grid disturbances, and fault conditions.
This adaptability ensures continuous and effective power quality enhancement under
varying operating scenarios.

1.11 Coordination with Other Power Quality Devices

Fuzzy logic-based DSTATCOMs can be integrated into a comprehensive power
quality management system that includes other devices such as active power filters (APFs) and
voltage regulators. Coordinated control schemes can optimize the overall power quality
performance of the distribution system by addressing multiple aspects simultaneously.

7
1.12 Fault Detection and Diagnosis
Fuzzy logic algorithms can be utilized for fault detection and diagnosis within the
DSTATCOM system, allowing for timely identification and mitigation of faults. This proactive
approach helps prevent potential power quality issues and ensures continuous system operation.

1.13 Real-Time Monitoring and Control

Fuzzy logic-based DSTATCOMs can incorporate real-time monitoring capabilities to
assess power quality parameters such as voltage levels, harmonic distortion, and power
factor. Continuous monitoring enables rapid decision-making for optimal control actions to
maintain desired power quality standards.

1.14 Energy Efficiency

Considerations
Fuzzy logic control strategies can also optimize the energy consumption of DSTATCOMs by
intelligently adjusting their operation based on load demand and system requirements. This
energy-efficient operation contributes to sustainable energy practices and cost savings for
utilities and consumers.

1.15 Future Trends and Innovations

Ongoing research and development efforts are focused on further enhancing the
performance and capabilities of fuzzy logic-based DSTATCOMs through advanced
algorithms, machine- learning techniques, and hardware improvements. Integration with smart
grid technologies and IoT-based monitoring systems is anticipated to facilitate enhanced
coordination and control of power quality devices in distribution networks.
By addressing these aspects, fuzzy logic-based DSTATCOMs play a vital role in not
only mitigating power quality challenges but also in promoting a more resilient, efficient, and
adaptive distribution system infrastructure.

8
CHAPTER-2

9
 LITERATURE SURVEY

Requirement of best quality of power with reliability of supply are essential for utility purpose.
But these requirements are not meeting the required levels because of introduction of various
non- linear loads at the utility end. The essential problems are associate with quality of power
are reduction in voltage, distortions in currents and lack of required operating power
factor. Reduction in voltage is called as Voltage sags [1] To control the switching
devices present in the DSTATCOM a novel pulse width modulation method has been
implemented in this paper. DSTATCOM is a controller which is having a capability
to maintain reactive component of current at reduced voltages. It is also used as sources of
voltage and frequency by utilizing storage of energy devices like batteries replaced by
capacitors. In this paper design and implementation LCL passive filter based has been
discussed using MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. DSTACOM is parallel connected to the 11kv
test system. It is designed and designated to increase the quality of power viz Reduction in
voltage, reduced harmonics and reduced power factor in distribution system.[2] The modeling
approach adopted in the paper is graphical in nature, as opposed to mathematical models
embedded in code using a high-level computer language. The well-developed graphic
facilities available in an industry standard power system package, namely
PSCAD/EMTDC, are used to conduct all aspects of model implementation and to
carry out extensive simulation studies. Graphics-based models suitable for electromagnetic
transient studies are presented for the following three custom power controllers: the
distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM), the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), and the
solid-state transfer switch (SSTS). Comprehensive results are presented to assess the
performance of each device as a potential custom power solution. The paper is written in a
tutorial style and aimed at the large PSCAD/EMTDC user base. [4,3] It is argued that solving
the voltage sag problem requires

10
cooperation between utilities and end-users, with support from equipment manufacturers
and standards-setting organizations. It is possible to make better equipment when the demand
for it is high enough. Standards are needed that guide utilities, end-users, and
equipment manufacturers. It is also important that everybody becomes aware of voltage sags as
a potential problem. Education of electrical and mechanical engineers is very important to
achieve this aim.[5] An arc furnace is considered as a heavily distributing load. The
STATCOM system was used to ensure good power quality at the point of common coupling.
For analysis of the system performance, the PSCAD/EMTDC program was applied.
Simulation models of the load and two types of STATCOM controllers, 12-pulse and 24-pulse,
are discussed in the paper. A PSCAD model of a measurement block is also proposed for
power quality assessment. Some results of simulation are presented, which show the
compensation effectiveness.[6] A theoretical approach to the implementation of the
current reference is given for this original solution of the serial active filter. The paper also
provides experimental results of the filter application on two specific nonlinear loads,
i.e., on the ohmic load, fed over a pair of antiparallel thyristors, and on the
accumulator feeder.[7] The proposed scheme employs a PWM voltage-source inverter and
has two important characteristics. First, it operates with fixed switching frequency, and second,
it can compensate the reactive power and the current harmonic components of nonlinear loads.
Reactive power compensation is achieved without sensing and computing the reactive
component of the load current, thus simplifying the control system. Current harmonic
compensation is done in time domain. The principles of operation of the proposed active
power filter along with the design criteria of the power and control circuit components
are discussed in detail. Finally, experimental results obtained from a 5 kVA prototype
confirm the feasibility and the features of the proposed system.[8] A three-phase
synchronous solid-state Var compensator (SSVC) system that uses a three-phase pulse width-
modulated (PWM) voltage-source inverter is

11
presented and analyzed. The proposed SSVC system can compensate for leading and lagging
displacement power factor. Pulse width modulation is used as a means of reducing the size of
reactive components. The SSVC system is analyzed under self- and independently-controlled
DC bus voltage operating conditions. Other areas of investigation include the design of SSVC
filter components for both approaches and the closing of the loop around the reactive power
command signal. Predicted results are verified experimentally for the case of the SSVC
working with a self-controlled DC bus.[9] The modeling approach adopted in this article is
graphical in nature, as opposed to mathematical models embedded in code using a high- level
computer language. The well-developed graphic facilities available in an industry
standard power system package, namely, PSCAD/EMTDC, are used to conduct all
aspects of model implementation and to carry out extensive simulation studies. Graphics-
based models suitable for electromagnetic transient studies are presented for the following
three custom power controllers: the distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM), the
dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), and the solid-state transfer switch (SSTS).
Comprehensive results are presented to assess the performance of each device as a potential
custom power solution. The paper is written in a tutorial style and aimed at the large
PSCAD/EMTDC user base.[10]

12
CHAPTER-3

13
 POWER QUALITY

Power quality refers to the reliability and stability of electrical power supplied to consumers. It
encompasses various factors such as voltage stability, frequency variations, harmonics,
surges, sags, and interruptions in the electrical supply. Good power quality ensures that
electrical equipment operates efficiently and reliably without experiencing damage or
malfunction due to irregularities in the power supply. It is essential for the smooth functioning
of electrical systems, preventing costly downtime, equipment failures, and safety hazards.
Power quality is typically managed and monitored through various techniques, including
voltage regulation, filtering, and the use of protective devices like surge suppressors and
voltage stabilizers.

1.Definition
Power quality refers to the degree to which the voltage, frequency, and waveform of electrical
power are within acceptable limits and suitable for the operation of connected electrical
equipment.

2. Voltage Quality
This aspect of power quality focuses on the consistency and stability of voltage levels.
Fluctuations in voltage, such as sags, swells, spikes, and interruptions, can disrupt the operation
of sensitive equipment.

3. Frequency Quality
Power systems are designed to operate at a specific frequency, such
as
50 Hz or 60 Hz. Deviations from this frequency can affect the performance of
equipment. Frequency variations are typically caused by imbalances in supply and demand or
by faults in the power grid

4. Waveform Quality
The waveform of electrical power should ideally be a smooth sine wave. Distortions in
the waveform, such as harmonics, can result from non-linear loads like variable frequency
drives, power electronics, and

14
switching power supplies. These distortions can lead to overheating and premature failure
of equipment.

5. Transient Disturbance
Transient disturbances are sudden, short-duration changes in voltage or current, such as surges,
spikes, and impulses. These can be caused by lightning strikes, switching operations, or the
starting and stopping of large equipment. Transients can damage sensitive electronics if
not properly mitigated.

6. Power Factor
Power factor is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being utilized by equipment.
A low power factor can result in increased energy consumption, voltage drops, and
inefficiencies in the electrical system.

7. Monitoring and Analysis

Continuous monitoring and analysis of power quality parameters are essential for
identifying issues and implementing corrective measures. This can involve using power quality
analyzers and meters to measure voltage, current, frequency, harmonics, and other parameters.

8. Regulatory Standards
Regulatory bodies and industry organizations establish standards and guidelines for
power quality to ensure the reliability and safety of electrical systems. Compliance with these
standards helps to minimize the risk of equipment damage and operational disruptions

15
CHAPTER-4

16
 DSTATCOM

A Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) is a flexible and intelligent power electronic

device used in electrical distribution systems to improve power quality. It is primarily designed
to provide dynamic reactive power compensation and voltage regulation, thereby enhancing
the stability and reliability of the distribution network. Here's an explanation of key aspects
related to DSTATCOM

Fig 2: Basic block diagram of D-STATCOM

4.1 Reactive Power Compensation

DSTATCOMs are capable of injecting or absorbing reactive power into the distribution system
to compensate for reactive power demand or supply imbalances. By adjusting the reactive
power output, DSTATCOMs help maintain the power factor closer to unity, reducing
losses and improving overall system efficiency.

4.1.1 Voltage Regulation

DSTATCOMs can regulate voltage levels at the point of connection by injecting or absorbing
reactive power as needed. They are particularly effective in mitigating voltage sags, swells,
and fluctuations caused by varying load conditions or grid disturbances.

17
4.1.2 Dynamic Operation
DSTATCOMs operate in real-time and can respond rapidly to changes in system parameters
such as load variations, grid voltage fluctuations, and transient events. This dynamic operation
ensures continuous and reliable power quality improvement in distribution systems.

4.1.3 Control Strategies

Various control strategies can be employed in DSTATCOMs to optimize their performance and
effectiveness in addressing power quality issues. Common control techniques include
voltage- oriented control (VOC), current-controlled voltage source inverter (CC-VSI), and
direct power control (DPC).

Fig1: Basic line Diagram of D-STATCOM

4.1.4 Component Configuration

A typical DSTATCOM configuration consists of power electronic components such as voltage
source inverters (VSIs), capacitors, inductors, and control circuitry. VSIs convert DC power to
AC power with controllable magnitude and phase, allowing precise reactive power
injection or absorption.

4.1.5 Applications
DSTATCOMs find applications in a wide range of industries and settings,
including commercial buildings, industrial facilities, renewable energy integration, and
grid-connected systems. They are used to mitigate power quality issues such as voltage
flicker, harmonics, voltage unbalance, and voltage regulation challenges.

18
4.1.6 Benefits
Improved power quality DSTATCOMs enhance power quality by maintaining stable
voltage levels, reducing harmonic distortion, and improving power factor. Increased system
reliability. The dynamic compensation provided by DSTATCOMs helps prevent
equipment failures, voltage fluctuations, and power interruptions.
Cost savings by optimizing power factor and reducing losses, DSTATCOMs contribute
to energy efficiency and operational cost savings for utilities and consumers.
Overall, DSTATCOMs play a crucial role in modern distribution systems by
offering effective reactive power compensation, voltage regulation, and power quality
enhancement capabilities. Their flexibility, rapid response, and ability to adapt to
changing system conditions make them valuable assets for ensuring reliable and efficient
electrical power delivery. Here are some additional details about DSTATCOMs and their
applications in power systems

4.2 Operating Principle

DSTATCOMs operate based on the principle of injecting or absorbing reactive power to
regulate voltage levels and improve power quality. They utilize power electronic devices
such as insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) in voltage source inverters (VSIs) to
generate the required reactive power.

4.2.1 Voltage Sag Mitigation

One of the primary applications of DSTATCOMs is mitigating voltage sags, which are
short duration reductions in voltage levels. By injecting reactive power during voltage
sags, DSTATCOMs can maintain voltage levels within acceptable limits, preventing
disruptions to sensitive loads.

19
4.2.2 Voltage Swell Compensation
DSTATCOMs can also absorb excess reactive power during voltage swells, which are short
duration increases in voltage levels. This capability helps stabilize voltage levels and protect
equipment from potential damage due to overvoltage conditions.

4.2.3 Harmonics Mitigation

Harmonics are unwanted distortions in voltage or current waveforms that can lead to equipment
overheating and malfunctions. DSTATCOMs with harmonic compensation capabilities can
inject counteracting harmonic currents to mitigate the effects of harmonics and improve system
performance.

4.2.4 Power Factor Correction

DSTATCOMs contribute to power factor correction by adjusting the phase relationship between
voltage and current in the distribution system. Maintaining a near unity power factor reduces
reactive power losses, improves energy efficiency, and optimizes the utilization of
electrical infrastructure.

4.2.5 Renewable Energy Integration

With the increasing integration of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power into
distribution systems, DSTATCOMs play a crucial role in managing power fluctuations and
maintaining grid stability. They can absorb or inject reactive power as needed to compensate
for variations in renewable energy generation and ensure smooth integration with the grid.

4.2.6 Smart Grid Applications

In smart grid environments, DSTATCOMs can be integrated with advanced control and
monitoring systems to provide real time data on power quality parameters. This integration
enables proactive management of power quality issues, predictive maintenance, and
optimization of energy distribution in smart grid
networks.

20
4.3 Customized Control Strategies
DSTATCOMs can be equipped with customized control strategies based on specific application
requirements and system characteristics. Advanced control algorithms such as fuzzy logic,
neural networks, and model predictive control (MPC) can be implemented to enhance
DSTATCOM performance and adaptability.
Overall, DSTATCOMs offer versatile solutions for improving power quality, enhancing grid
stability, and supporting the integration of renewable energy sources in modern power systems.
Their ability to provide dynamic reactive power compensation and voltage regulation makes
them indispensable assets for ensuring reliable and efficient electricity delivery.
Here are some additional points about DSTATCOMs and their significance in power
quality enhancement

4.3.1 Modular Design and Scalability

DSTATCOMs are often designed with a modular architecture, allowing for scalability
and flexibility in deployment. Modular units can be added or removed based on
system requirements, making DSTATCOMs adaptable to varying loads and distribution
network configurations.

4.3.2 Harmonic Mitigation

In addition to reactive power compensation and voltage regulation, DSTATCOMs are effective
in mitigating harmonics in distribution systems. They can inject counteracting harmonic
currents to cancel out undesired harmonics, thus reducing harmonic distortion and
complying with regulatory standards.

21
4.3.3 Fast Response Time
DSTATCOMs have a fast response time, typically in the millisecond range, enabling
quick corrective actions in response to power quality disturbances. This rapid response
capability is crucial for maintaining stable voltage levels and preventing equipment damage
during events.

4.3.4 Grid Support Functions

DSTATCOMs can provide ancillary grid support functions such as reactive power
support, voltage flicker mitigation, and voltage stability enhancement. These grid support
capabilities contribute to the overall reliability and stability of the distribution network,
especially in systems with high penetration of renewable energy sources.

4.3.5 Integration with Smart Grid Technologies

DSTATCOMs can be integrated with smart grid technologies and communication
systems to enable remote monitoring, control, and optimization. Integration with
advanced control algorithms, predictive analytics, and IoT platforms enhances the efficiency
and effectiveness of DSTATCOM operations.

4.3.6 Hybrid Solutions and Multi Functionality

Hybrid solutions combining DSTATCOMs with other power quality devices such as
active power filters (APFs) and energy storage systems offer multi functionality and
comprehensive power quality management. These integrated solutions can address a wide
range of power quality issues and optimize energy utilization in distribution systems.
4.3.7 Grid Resilience and Blackout Prevention
DSTATCOMs contribute to grid resilience by maintaining stable voltage levels, reducing
power fluctuations, and preventing cascading failures during grid disturbances. Their
ability to absorb or inject reactive power as needed helps prevent voltage collapse and
blackout situations, ensuring continuous power supply to critical loads. By leveraging
these advanced functionalities and capabilities, DSTATCOMs play a vital role in
modernizing distribution systems, improving power quality, and enhancing the overall
reliability and resilience of electrical grid

22
CHAPTER-5

23
 Control strategies

The control of DSTATCOM can be achieved by applying different PWM control strategies. The
PWM Control is the main part of DSTATCOM for compensating different quantities in
distribution systems. By utilizing PWM control there is much more improvement in this paper we
are discussing improvement in power factor and reduction harmonics by comparing different
control strategies like
1. Phase shift
control
2. Indirect decoupled current
control
3. Rotating Frame Current
Controller
4. Proposed Control
strategy
5.1 Indirect Decoupled Current Control

The basic block diagram of indirect coupled control has shown in Fig.4. this strategy is
based upon instantaneous power theory in which are three phase quantities are transformed
into the synchronously rotating frame by using park’s transformation. The required
compensation can be done by utilizing direct and quadrature components of currents id, iq
respectively. The error in current can be compensated indirectly by using voltage modulation of
DSTATCOM that is why it is called as indirect control strategy

24
Fig3: Basic Block Diagram Representation indirect coupled
control

25
Indirect decoupled current control is a control strategy commonly used in power electronic
converters, particularly in applications like active power filters (APFs) and grid-connected
inverters. The goal of this control technique is to regulate the output currents independently,
typically in three- phase systems, while maintaining a desired relationship between them. Here's a
brief explanation of indirect decoupled current control
Independence of Current Control
Indirect decoupled current control allows for the independent regulation of three- phase
currents

\( i_a \), \( i_b \), and \( i_c \).

The control system ensures that each current component can be controlled separately, which
is crucial for applications where precise current control is required, such as in APFs for harmonic
mitigation or inverter systems for grid- tied applications.

Decoupling of Control Loops

The term "decoupled" refers to the separation or decoupling of the control loops for each current
component.
This decoupling eliminates cross-coupling effects between the currents, ensuring that changes in
one current component do not affect the regulation of the others.

Reference Current
Generation
In indirect decoupled current control, reference currents \( i_{a}^ \), \( i_{b}^ \), and \( i_{c}^ \)
are generated based on the desired output characteristics or grid requirements.
These reference currents represent the desired values that the actual currents should
track.

Current Control Loops

Each current component \( i_a \), \( i_b \), and \( i_c \) is controlled using individual
control loops, typically implemented using proportional integral (PI) controllers.

The control loops adjust the converter switching signals to ensure that the actual currents closely
follow their respective reference currents.
26
Coordinate
Transformation
Indirect decoupled current control often involves coordinate transformations, such as the
Clarke or Park transformations, to convert the three phase currents into a reference frame
suitable for control. These transformations simplify the control algorithm and facilitate
independent control of the current components.

Benefits and Applications

Indirect decoupled current control offers precise and independent control of three phase currents,
making it suitable for applications requiring accurate current regulation, power factor correction,
harmonic compensation, and grid synchronization.
It is commonly used in APFs to mitigate harmonic currents and improve power quality, as well as
in grid-connected inverters for renewable energy systems to ensure compliance with grid standards
and smooth power injection.
Overall, indirect decoupled current control is a powerful technique that enables efficient
and effective control of three-phase currents in power electronic converters, contributing to
improved performance, reliability, and power quality in various electrical systems.

5.2 Phase shift

control

The schematic diagram of phase shift control is shown in Fig 3. In this strategy the required phase
shift between VSC and AC line voltage can be generated by comparing the RMS voltage of the
line voltages measured with the base voltage there will give the error between the voltages, these
error- voltage can be given to the PI controller, then PI controller gives the angle
corresponding phase shift between AC line voltage and DSTSTCOM. For generating desired
synchronizing signal to drive the PWM circuitry, the generated phase shift angles are adaptor the
conventional source voltages, which are assumed to be spread equally around 1200.

27
 Fig4: Phase Shift Controller

5.2.1 Basic
Principle
Phase shift control involves altering the phase angle between two waveforms, typically
voltage or current waveforms. By adjusting the phase shift, the timing of energy transfer or
reactive power exchange can be optimized to meet desired system requirements.

5.2.2 Applications of Phase Shift

Control
Voltage Regulation In transformers and voltage regulators, phase shift control is used to adjust
the output voltage level by varying the phase relationship between primary and
secondary windings.
Power Factor Correction Phase shift control can improve power factor by aligning the phase
angles of voltage and current waveforms, reducing reactive power consumption and
improving system efficiency.

28
Harmonic Mitigation in DSTATCOMs and active power filters (APFs), phase shift control
is employed to generate counteracting harmonic currents with specific phase angles to cancel
out undesired harmonics in the system.
Grid Integration Phase shift control is also utilized in grid-connected systems with renewable
energy sources to synchronize output power with grid voltage and frequency, ensuring smooth
integration and stable operation.

5.2.3 Implementation
Techniques
Transformers Phase shift control in transformers is achieved by varying the turns ratio or
by using tap changers to adjust the phase relationship between primary and secondary
windings. Voltage Regulators Automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) use phase shift control
techniques to regulate output voltage by controlling the excitation level of the voltage regulator.
DSTATCOMs and APFs Phase shift control algorithms in DSTATCOMs and APFs calculate the
required phase angle for generating compensating currents or voltages to mitigate power quality
issues such as harmonics, voltage fluctuations, and power factor imbalance.
The schematic diagram of phase shift control is shown in Fig 3. In this strategy the required phase
shift between VSC and AC line voltage can be generated by comparing the RMS voltage of the
line voltages measured with the base voltage there will be an error between the voltages, and this
error voltage can be given to the PI controller then PI controller gives the angle
corresponding phase shift between AC line voltage and DSTSTCOM.

5.2.4 Control
Algorithms
Various control algorithms can be employed for phase shift control, including proportional integral
derivative (PID) control, model predictive control (MPC), fuzzy logic control, and adaptive
control strategies. These algorithms determine the optimal phase shift based on system
conditions, load requirements, and power quality objectives.

29
Benefits of Phase Shift Control
Improved Power Quality Phase shift control helps in mitigating power quality issues such
as voltage fluctuations, harmonics, and power factor problems, leading to enhanced
system reliability and performance.
Energy Efficiency By optimizing the phase relationship between voltage and current waveforms,
phase shift control reduces energy losses and improves overall energy efficiency in electrical
systems.
Flexibility and Adaptability Phase shift control techniques are flexible and adaptable to
different system configurations, making them suitable for a wide range of applications in power
electronics and distribution systems.
In summary, phase shift control is a versatile and effective technique used in power
electronics to achieve voltage regulation, power factor correction, harmonic mitigation, and
grid integration objectives. Its implementation in devices like transformers, voltage regulators,
DSTATCOMs, and APFs contributes significantly to improving power quality, energy efficiency,
and grid stability in modern electrical

5.3 Rotating Frame Current Controller

Rotating frame by using park’s transformation. The required compensation can be done by
utilizing direct and quadrature components of currents id, iq respectively. The error in
current can be compensated indirectly by using voltage modulation of DSTATCOM that is
why it is called as indirect control strategy

30
 Fig5: Block Diagram of Rotating Frame Current

Controller p= ���+��� ................. (1)

q = ���+ ���…………
(2)
5.3.1 Rotating Frame Current
Controller
A rotating frame current controller, also known as a synchronous reference frame (SRF) controller
or dq axis controller, is a control technique commonly used in three-phase power systems to
regulate currents or voltages in a rotating reference frame. This controller is particularly
prevalent in applications involving synchronous machines, such as permanent magnet
synchronous motors (PMSMs) and grid connected inverters. Here's an overview of rotating
frame current control.
1. dq
Transformation
The rotating frame current controller is based on the dq transformation, which converts the
three phase quantities (currents or voltages) into a two-axis reference frame known as the dq axis.
In this reference frame, the d axis represents the direct component aligned with the fundamental

31
frequency, and the q axis represents the quadrature component orthogonal to the fundamental
frequency.

32
2. Clarke and Park
Transformations
The Clarke transformation converts the three phase currents (Ia, Ib, Ic) into two phase quantities (Id,
Iq), where Id represents the direct current component and Iq represents the quadrature
current component. The Park transformation further rotates the Id and Iq components to align with
the rotor position of the machine, ensuring that the control actions are synchronized with the
machine's dynamics.
3. Reference Frame
Synchronization
The rotating frame current controller synchronizes its reference frame with the rotating
machine, typically using phase locked loop (PLL) or synchronization algorithms. This
synchronization ensures that the control system tracks the angular position of the machine
accurately, enabling precise control of currents or voltages in the dq axis reference frame.

4. Current Control Loops

In the dq axis reference frame, separate control loops are implemented for the direct (Id)
and quadrature (Iq) components of current or voltage. Proportional integral (PI) or proportional
resonant (PR) controllers are commonly used in these control loops to regulate Id and Iq based
on desired reference values.

5. Field Oriented Control

(FOC)
Rotating frame current control is often associated with field-oriented control (FOC)
techniques, especially in motor control applications. FOC aims to decouple the torque and flux
components of the machine, allowing independent control of torque and flux through the Id
and Iq currents, respectively.

33
6. Benefits and Applications
Rotating frame current control offers precise and efficient control of currents or voltages in
synchronous machines, enabling high performance operation and improved
efficiency. It is widely used in PMSM drives for electric vehicles, industrial motor control,
wind turbine generators, and grid tied inverters for renewable energy systems. The ability to
decouple control actions in the dq axis reference frame enhances system stability, response time,
and overall performance.
Thetransformedline currents arecompared with base currents which areobtained by open loop
control. The modified signals of rotating synchronous frame are given by
��=Kp1[id_ref −id] +Ki1 ∫[�_���−�]
�.... (3)

��=Kp2[iq_ref−iq] +Ki2∫[�_���−�] �
.... (4)
Overall, the rotating frame current controller is a fundamental component
of
advanced control strategies for synchronous machines, providing robust and accurate control in
various industrial and power system applications.

5.4 Proposed Control strategy

Proposed Control Strategy refers to a new or customized approach designed to regulate and manage
specific aspects of a system or process. In the context of power systems, particularly in applications
like power quality enhancement using devices such as DSTATCOMs or active power filters (APFs),
a proposed control strategy aims to optimize performance, enhance efficiency, and address
specific challenges effectively. Here are key points to consider when discussing a proposed control
strategy

1. Objective
Definition
The first step in proposing a control strategy is defining the objectives clearly. This
includes identifying the power quality issues to be addressed (e.g., voltage regulation, harmonics
mitigation, power factor correction) and specifying the desired performance metrics.

34
2. System Modeling and
Analysis
Before designing the control strategy, it's essential to model the system accurately and analyze its
behavior under different operating conditions.
This includes studying the dynamic response, stability characteristics, and interaction with
other elements in the power system.

3. Control Algorithm
Selection
Based on the system analysis and objectives, the appropriate control algorithm or technique is
selected. This could include proportional integral (PI) controllers, fuzzy logic control, model
predictive control (MPC), adaptive control, or advanced algorithms like neural networks or
machine learning- based controllers.

4. Parameter Tuning and

Optimization
The parameters of the selected control algorithm need to be tuned and optimized to ensure optimal
performance and robustness.
This involves adjusting controller gains, time constants, reference values, and other
parameters based on simulation studies, experimental results, or system response characteristics.

5. Integration with Hardware and Communication

Systems
The proposed control strategy should be integrated seamlessly with the hardware components, such
as
DSTATCOMs, APFs, or inverters, to implement the control actions
effectively.
Communication systems, including sensors, actuators, and communication protocols, play a crucial
role in transmitting data and commands for real-time control.

6. Real Time Implementation and

Testing
Once the control strategy is developed and integrated, it undergoes real time testing and validation
using simulation tools or hardware in the loop (HIL) testing.
Testing involves scenarios with varying loads, disturbances, and operating conditions to assess the
performance, stability, and reliability of the control strategy.
35
7. Performance Evaluation and Validation
The proposed control strategy's performance is evaluated based on predefined metrics such
as power quality indices, system efficiency, response time, disturbance rejection, and robustness.
Validation may include comparative studies with existing control strategies or theoretical analysis to
demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
8. Proposed Control strategy

Fig6: control Block diagram of proposed strategy

The control block diagram of proposed strategy has shown in Fig.6 b voltage can be given to the
PI controller, then PI controller gives the angle corresponding phase shift between AC line
voltage and DSTSTCOM. For generating desired synchronizing signal to drive the PWM
circuitry, the generated phase shift angles are added up to the conventional source voltages, which
are assumed to be spread equally around 1200.

Table1: Fuzzy Rule base

36
CHAPTER-6

35
 RESULT

6.1 Case1: Test System Without Insertion of D-STATCOM

Fig7: Simulink model of test system

36
6.1.1 Results of Test System without insertion of DSTASTCOM

Fig8. Voltage at Load Point for Three Phase to Ground is 0.6600p.u

Fig9: Voltage at Load Point for Double Line to Ground is 0.7070p.u

Fig10: Voltage at Load Point for Line to Line is 0.7585

Fig11: Voltage at Load Point for Single Line to Ground is 0.8257

37
6.2 Case2: Insertion of D-STATCOM

Fig12: Simulink model with Insertion of D-STATCOM

38
6.2.1 Results of Insertion of D-STATCOM

Fig13: Voltage at Load Point for Three Phase to Ground is 0.9367p.u

Fig14: Voltage at Load Point for Double Line to Ground is

0.9800p.u Fig15: Voltage at Load Point for Line to Line is 1.068

39
 Fig16: Voltage at Load Point for Single Line to Ground is 0.9837

Fig17: Waveform of output current without LCL Passive Filter

Fig 18: Harmonic spectrum of distortion output current without LCL passive
filter

Fig19: Wave forms of output current with LCL passive filter

Fig20: Harmonic spectrum of distortion output current with LCL passive

filter

40
6.3 Case3: Insertion of D-STATCOM with using fuzzy logic in controller

Fig21: Simulink design diagram of D-STATCOM with using Fuzzy Controller

41
6.3.1 Results of Insertion of D-STATCOM with using fuzzy logic in controller

Fig22: Voltage at Load Point for Three Phase to Ground is 0.9300p.u

Fig23: Voltage at Load Point for Double Line to Ground is 0.9908p.u

Fig24: Voltage at Load Point for Line to Line is 0.9987p.u

Fig25: Voltage at Load Point for Single Line to Ground is 0.9914p.u

42
CHAPTER-7

43
 Conclusion

The proposed control strategy has been implemented and modeled by using
MATLAB/ SIMULINK. with help of simulation results it can be concluded that in
distribution system there will be a considerable improvement voltage hangs and improvement
reduced power factor and also other is also much improvement in reduction of harmonics with the
help of DSTATCOM. The total hormonic distortion can be reduced further by inserting LCL
filter in conjunction with DSTATCOM. In conjunction with LCR filter there is a considerable
enhancement in quality of power and also enhancement in power factor. It also concluded that
with the simulation results that instead of using PI controller in proposed control strategy, if
we use fuzzy controller, the enhancement in
quality of power is further
improved.

44
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