DRIP IRRIGATION

NAME _ Tanushree Nayak

BRANCH_ Civil Engineering
REGD NO _F22113001063
PR3_ Technical Seminar-1
SEM_4th
BATCH_ 2022-2025
SESSION_ 2024(Summer)
 CONTENTS
 INTRODOTION
 WHAT IS DRIP IRRIGATION
 COMPONENTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
 TYPES OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
 FIELD OF APPLICATION
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
 INTRODOTION

 Definition_Irrigation : Irrigation can be defined as the process of artificially

supplying and systematically dividing of water for agriculture and
horticulture. It is actually the artificial application of water to overcome the
deficiencies in rainfall for growing crops.

 Necessity
1. Less rainfall
2. Non-uniform rainfall
3. Growing a number of crops during a year
4. Growing perennial crops
5. Commercial crops with additional water
6. Controlled water supply
 Methods of irrigation
1. Surface irrigation
2. Sub-surface irrigation
3. Sprinkler method
4. Drip irrigation
 Sources of irrigation
1. Surface water: Such as in streams , rivers, and lakes, chief source of water used for irrigation.
2. Ground water : Stored beneath the earth’s surface in spaces between rocks, grains of sand,
and other substance in soil.
3. Other sources : Farmers use water from sewage treatment plants
 WHAT IS DRIP IRRIGATION

 Drip irrigation is also known as trickle or micro or localized irrigation, drip irrigation is a method
that saves water and fertilizer by allowing water to drip slowly to the plant roots, either onto the
soil surface or directly onto the root zone , through a network of valves , pipes, tubing and
emitters.
 In 1964, Symcha blass ,an lsraeli engineer developed the first patented drip irrigation
system.
 In the world ,USA has the large area under drip irrigation .in India, drip system is adopted in
states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu , Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh , Madhya Pradesh and
Gujarat.
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 COMPONENTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

 Water Source
 Pumping system
 Distribution System/ Main lines
 Submain lines
 Emitters
 Filtration system
  WATER SOURCE
Common water sources for drip irrigation are surface water (
pond,river,and creek), groundwater, and potable water ( from
municipality, county or utility company). Use the water source that will
provide the largest amount of water of water of greatest quality and
lowest cost. Potable water is of high, constant quality , is but is by far the
most expensive.
  PUMPIN SYSTEM
The role of the pumping system is to move water from the water source to the field through the
distribution system. Pumping system may be classified as electric powered systems, gas/diesel
powered system, and gravity system Gas/diesel pumps offer the greatest versatility in isolated fields.
  DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

The role of the distribution system is to convey the water from the source to the filed. Distribution system
may be above ground ( easily movable ) or underground ( less likely to be damaged ).Pipes is most
commonly made of PVC or polyethylene plastics. Aluminum pipes are also available , but are more
difficult to customize , cut, and repair. The size and shape of the distribution system may vary widely
from field to field and from farm to farm.
  SUBMAIN LINES

 The submain distributes the same discharge to all the laterals fitted to it.
 It is usually connected to the main lines through a control valve assembly.
 Usually pipes of 25 to 50 mm diameter and length are used.
  EMITTERS
These connect to the tubing and deliver water at a slow, consistent rate.
The drippers discharge about 2-4 it/hour
Spacing of the dripper is based on Intra row spacing.
It is of 2 types:
POINT SOURCE
LINE SOURCE
  FILTRATION SYSTEM

 To Filter the water in order to remove the suspended particles (impurities) in water.
 Filtration of irrigation water is essential to prevent clogging of emitters which can be a
major problem in the drip system.
 It is 2 types
1. Screen (mesh)filter
2. Sand filter
 TYPES OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

1. SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM :

The water is applied by the laterals and drippers present on
the soil surface.
2. SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM :

The laterals are buried below the soil. The water is

directly supplied to the root zone of the plants.
3. SPRAY IRRIGATION :
Supply water as a small spray, mist or fog to the
soil surface.
4. PULSE IRRIGATION :
Supplies water in series of pulses or discharges with an interval of 5,10 or 15
minutes.
 FIELD OF APPLICATION

Drip irrigation is useful for crops like;

FRUIT CROPS
Banana, Grapes, Citrus, Pomegranate, Pineapple, Papaya, Watermelon, Sweetlime
, Mango.

VEGETABLE CROPS
Cabbage, cauliflower, okra, potato, Tomato, Onion, Chili, Radish, Brinjal, French
bean, Capsicum, Bhendi, Beans, Carrot, Cucumber, Bottle gourd, Gherkins.

COMMERCIAL CROPS
Sugarcane, Cotton, Groundnut
 ADVANTAGES

1. Less requirement of irrigation water.

2. Water supply at optimum level.
3. High yield.
4. Reduced labour cost.
5. No soil erosion.
6. Suitable for any topography.
 DISADVANTAGES

1. High initial cost.

2. Danger of blockade of nozzles.
3. Change in spacing of nozzles.
4. Shallow root depth.
5. Maintenance problem due to leakage and plugging.
6. Cannot be implemented for small lands.
 CONCLUSION

Drip irrigation is a latest sub-surface method of irrigation water with higher water
demands in arid region. It may not be applicable to all farms. Yet, when properly
designed, installed and managed, drip irrigation may achieve water conservation by
reducing evaporation and deep drainage when compared to other types of irrigation
such as flood or overhead sprinklers since water can be more precisely applied to the
plant roots. In addition, drip can eliminate may diseases that are spread through water
contact with the foliage.
 REFERNCES:

1) https://www.slideshare.net/ABINASHBAISHYA/drip-
irrigation-66812603

2) https://www.powershow.com/view0/8d2810-
ZWNlM/Drip_Irrigation_powerpoint_ppt_presentati
on

3) https://www.slideshare.net/HarishReddy280/drip-
irrigation-137248531
THANK YOU