When required to temporarily use a hard copy of the HGS, put the stamp

CONFIDENTIAL of the user on the hard copy before using it. After completing use of the
copy, scrap it in a way that confidential materials are disposed of.

HGS HGS102-190(1)
Hitachi Construction Machinery Group Industrial Standards Revision: 2017.09.13
Enforcement: 2017.10.13

General tolerance for parts formed by steel plate

thermal cutting

1. Scope
This standard specifies general dimensional tolerances (hereinafter called “general tolerance”) in steel
plate (incl. band steel) gas, laser and plasma arc cutting work (hereinafter called “thermal cutting”).
The purpose of this standard is to simplify the designation on drawings and to standardize the general
tolerances that are not indicated in drawings individually or the tolerances requiring higher accuracy than
general tolerances in their designation on drawings.
NOTE: When materials are welded or riveted after thermal cutting, this standard doesn’t apply to the
corresponding dimensions after welding and/or riveting. Apply the general tolerances in welding work
specified in HGS102-142 in this case.

2. Applicable Standards
JIS B0417:1979 Permissible Deviation in Dimensions without Tolerance Indication for Gas Cut Steel
Plates *No international standard corresponds with the above JIS.
JIS G3193:2008 Hot-rolled structural steel plates – Tolerances on dimensions and shape
Reference: ISO 7452:2002 Hot-rolled structural steel plates – Tolerances on dimensions and shape
(MOD)

3. Reference Standards
WES-2801:1996 Quality Standard for Gas Cut Surface
HGS102-142(0) General tolerance in welding
JIS B0031:2003 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Indication of surface texture in technical
product documentation
JIS B0601:2013 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method-Terms,
definitions and surface texture parameters

If the indication of the year of coming into effect is given to these referred standards, only the edition of
indicated year constitutes the provision of this Standard but the revision and amendment made
thereafter are not applied. The applicable standards without the indication of the year of coming into
effect apply limiting only to the most recent edition. The degree of correspondence between the JIS and
ISO standards are expressed as per ISO/IEC Guide 21: IDT (Identical), MOD (Modified), and NEQ (Not
equivalent).

4. Definition of Term
Terminology in this standard shall be defined as follows.
4.1 Tolerance
Tolerance herein means the allowable difference between the actual maximum and minimum
dimensions obtained at single cut section.
4.2 Dimensional deviation
Dimensional deviation herein means the allowable range where the actual maximum and minimum
dimensions can be deviated from the nominal dimension at one single cut section.
4.3 Cut edge straightness
Maximum dimensional difference on the side formed by thermal cutting from the datum line connecting
both ends of the side formed by thermal cutting (“a” in Fig. 1)

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 HGS102-190(1)

Fig. 1 Straightness at cut edge

4.4 Perpendicularity at long and short side

Distance (“Q” in Fig. 2) between the perpendiculars, which pass through both ends of a short side, to a
datum line connecting both ends of a long side.

Fig. 2 Perpendicularity at long and short side

4.5 Cut plane slant
Angle (“” in Fig. 3) made between the line perpendicular to the surface of the worked steel plate and the
line tangential to the cut plane. The allowance value for slant shall be expressed by the maximum length
of slant (Refer to Fig. 4).
Section perpendicular to both cut plane
and to surface
Surface

Cut plane

Line tangential to cut plane Line perpendicular to surface

Line tangential to cut plane
Fig. 3 Cut plane slant
Line tangential to cut plane
90°

Plate thickness (t)

Slant allowance Nominal plate size

Line tangential to cut plane

Fig. 4 Allowance value for slant

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 HGS102-190(1)
4.6 Cut surface roughness
The cut surface roughness shall be described by the maximum height of unevenness (“Ry”).
Extract the reference length from roughness curve 1) toward the direction to the average line, and then
measure the distance from the peak line to the bottom line toward the direction of longitudinal
magnification. The obtained value, Ry, shall be expressed by micro meter (µm). In this case, an
extremely large projection or dent which may be regarded as flaw should be neglected, but only the
reference length is extracted.
Note 1) The roughness curve is a curved line described by the edge appearing at the intersection
between the gas cut surface and the cross section that is cut perpendicularly to the average surface in a
desired direction.
By means of a light reflection method with 20 magnifications, draw a projection drawing along the center
of the plate thickness at a desired place in the gas cut surface range. Using this projection drawing as a
roughness curve, obtain roughness (h) in any range of 10 mm long as illustrated in Fig. 5.

Length 10mm

Top

Bottom Roughness (h)

Fig. 5 Roughness curve

Daily inspection may be performed by visually using the standard cut surface roughness specimen for
comparison purpose specified by Japan welding association standards WES-2801 (Refer to Table 1).

Table 1 Reference (Standard cut surface roughness specimen for comparison purpose)

Grade Allowable Limit Model Photo Model state

NOTE Allowable limit 50S, 100S and 200S indicate the surface roughness by maximum
allowable height. The value represents the maximum height of higher standard sequence
(Refer to JIS B0601:1994) with the addition of S.

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 HGS102-190(1)
4.7 Cut surface flatness
Cut surface flatness shall be described by the unevenness “B” (Refer to [Fig. 6 (a) (b) (c)] on the cut
surface, where deviation is measured from the reference line connecting the upper edge and lower edge
of the measured section.
However, this shall not apply to the plate thickness 15 mm or less.

(
(a) (b) (c)
Fig. 6 Cut surface unevenness

Daily inspection may be performed by visually using the standard cut surface roughness specimen for
comparison purpose specified by Japan welding association standards WES-2801 (Refer to Table 2
and Table 3). In such cases, use Model Grade 2, 20 mm, for 15 mm < plate thickness ≧ 25 mm;
Model Grade 2, 30 mm, for 25 mm < plate thickness.

Table 2 Case: 15 mm < plate thickness ≥ 25 mm Table 3 Case: 25 mm < plate thickness

G A Model photo Model state G A Model photo Model state

dent dent
dent dent

dent
dent dent
dent

G: Grade
A: Allowable limit

5. Dimensional Tolerance of cutting width

The dimensional tolerance of cutting width (distance between one cut surface end to the other end) shall
conform to the 1st and 2nd grade in Table 4. The general tolerance shall conform to the 2nd grade and
it does not need to be designated on drawings in principle.

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 HGS102-190(1)
Table 4 Dimensional tolerance of cutting width
Unit: mm
Plate thickness Up to 19 Over 19 up to 32 Over 32 up to 65 Over 65
Grade 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd

To le r a n c e

To le r a n c e

To le r a n c e

To le r a n c e

To le r a n c e

To le r a n c e

To le r a n c e

To le r a n c e
De v ia t io n

De v ia t io n

De v ia t io n

De v ia t io n

De v ia t io n

De v ia t io n

De v ia t io n

De v ia t io n
Cutting
width

Up to 400
±1.0 1 ±1.5 1.5 ±1.0 1 ±2.0 2 ±1.5 1.5 ±2.5 2.5 ±2.0 2 ±3.0 3
Over 400 up to
±1.0 1 ±2.0 2 ±1.5 1.5 ±2.5 2.5 ±2.0 2 ±3.0 3 ±2.5 2.5 ±3.5 3.5
1600
Over 1600 up to
±1.5 1.5 ±2.5 2.5 ±2.0 2 ±3.0 3 ±2.5 2.5 ±3.5 3.5 ±3.0 3 ±4.5 4.5
4000
Over 4000 ±2.5 2.5 ±3.5 3.5 ±3.0 3 ±4.0 4 ±3.5 3.5 ±4.5 4.5 ±4.0 4 ±5.0 5
2nd Grade: General tolerance
NOTE 1 When requiring the tolerance with higher accuracy than the 1st grade, coordinate with
fabrication/welding section beforehand.
NOTE 2 The deviations and tolerances are allowable values to be applied to the indicated dimension (ℓ 0)
in Fig. 8.
NOTE 3 The deviation between the maximum and minimum value specified herein is larger than the
width of tolerance.
Example: Deviation  2, Tolerance 2
In a case of plate thickness: 32mm, cutting width: 300mm, the allowable range for the actual
maximum and minimum value at the cut section shall be shown in Fig. 7.
-3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3

Acceptable

Acceptable Acceptable

Not Acceptable

Not Acceptable

Not Acceptable
Fig. 7 Relation between tolerance and dimensional deviation

ℓ max
ℓ0 ℓ0 ℓ0
L

L
L

ℓmin ℓ min ℓmax

ℓ max – ℓ min  Tolerance,  ℓ0 – ℓmax   Tolerance,  ℓ0 – ℓ min   Tolerance
Where: ℓ0: Indicated dimension (Cutting length), ℓmax: Maximum dimension of steel plate,
ℓ min: Minimum dimension of steel plate
Fig. 8 Allowable range of maximum and minimum dimensions for nominal dimension

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 HGS102-190(1)
6. Tolerance for cut edge straightness and perpendicularity at a long and short side
The tolerance grade 1st and 2nd in Table 2 shall be applied to the tolerances for straightness in Fig. 1
and perpendicularity in Fig. 2 respectively. The general tolerance shall conform to the 2nd grade and it
does not need to be designated on drawings in principle.

Table 5 Tolerances in straightness and perpendicularity

Unit: ㎜
Plate thickness Up to 19 Over 19 up to 32 Over 32 up to 65 Over 65
Grade
1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd

To l er a n c e To l er a n c e To l er a n c e To l er a n c e
Cutting width
Up to 400 1 1.5 1 2 1.5 2.5 2 3

Over 400 up to 1600 1 2 1.5 2.5 2 3 2.5 3.5

Over 1600 up to 4000 1.5 2.5 2 3 2.5 3.5 3 4.5

Over 4000 2.5 3.5 3 4 3.5 4.5 4 5

2nd Grade: General tolerance
NOTE 1 When requiring the tolerance with higher accuracy than the 1st grade, coordinate with
fabrication/welding section beforehand.

7. General tolerance for cut plane slant

The general tolerance for cut plane slant indicated in Fig. 4 shall conform to Table 6. This tolerance shall
not be designated on drawings as a rule.
Table 6 General tolerance for cut plane slant
Plate Thickness t (mm) Tolerance (mm)
t6 Under 0.3
6  t  12 Under 0.5
12  t  19 Under 0.7
19  t  32 Under 1.0
32  t  50 Under 1.4
50  t  80 Under 2.1
80  t * NOTE
NOTE In case plate thickness is over 80 mm, decide the tolerance through the coordination with
welding / fabrication section and designate the allowable value in technical drawings.

8. Tolerance for cut surface roughness

The general tolerance for cut surface roughness indicated in Fig. 5 shall conform to Table 7. This
tolerance shall not be designated on drawings as a rule.
Table 7 Acceptance criteria on cut surface roughness
Reference
Applicable Plate thickness
Allowable value (Indication of
(mm)
roughness

Up to 6 100S Ry100

Over 6 up to 12 125S Ry125

Over 12 up to 36 160S Ry160

Over 36 up to 50 250S Ry250
Over 80 630S Ry630
NOTE 1 In case roughness other than that described in Table 7 is required, designate such roughness in
technical drawings after coordinating with the welding / fabrication section.

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 HGS102-190(1)
NOTE 2 The allowable value 100S indicates the maximum height 100 µm (0.1 mm) or less.
NOTE 3 Plate thickness specified in Table 7 corresponds to the plate thickness (ℓ1) or slope length (ℓ2)
shown in a) and b) respectively in Fig 9.
ℓ2

ℓ1

a) b)
Fig. 9 Applicable plate thickness

NOTE 4 Cut quality on thermal cut surface varies depending on thermal cutting methods used. Select the
thermal cutting method most suitable to the steel plate thickness after coordination with the
relevant divisions, so that quality can be improved.
NOTE 5 Slug caused by cutting is not allowed to remain on cut surface of the piece No. parts in Bills of
Weld / Fabrication Machine Materials; provided, however, that the slug that does not appear on
product appearance is allowed.

9．General tolerance for cut surface flatness

The general tolerance for cut surface flatness, the unevenness “B”, indicated in Fig. 6 shall conform to
Table 8. This tolerance shall not be designated on drawings as a rule.

Table 8 Tolerance for cut surface roughness

Unit: mm
Applicable plate Tolerance for
thickness unevenness
Over 15 up to 25 0.5
Over 25 0.75

10．Flatness of steel plate and sheet

Flatness of steel plate and sheet shall conform to Table 9, Figure 10, and Annex A (Standard) herein
based on JIS G3193:2008 (ISO 7452); provided, however that this shall not apply to the members being
designated to be rebent. In such cases the value of flatness shall be minimum 1mm for the approximate
length 1000mm. Coordinate the details with the process planning section.

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 HGS102-190(1)
Table 9 Maximum value for flatness of steel plate and sheet a)

250 or over to
and excl. 350

350 or over 25 25 25 25 25

The measurement of flatness is normally made on a flat surface plate as shown in Fig. 3. The value shall be
determined as the difference between the maximum value of distortion and the thickness of the steel plate,
which apply to the top side of the steel plate. For the as-rolled steel plate and sheet (with untrimmed edge),
however, the values may be agreed between the purchaser and supplier.
Note a) Unless otherwise specified, time and a half the maximum deviation from the flatness specified in this
table shall be applied to the steel plate and sheet of which specified lower limit of yield point or proof
strength in tensile test is at least 460 N/mm2, or chemical composition or hardness is equivalent
thereto, or which was quenching and tempered.
Note b) The values given in the above table shall be applied to any 2000mm length. For the steel plate and
sheet less than 200m in length, the values shall be applied to the full length. For the steel plate and
sheet over 2000mm in wave pitch, the values given in the above table shall be applied to any pitch of
the wave. For those over 4000mm in wave pitch, however, the above values shall be applied to any
4000mm length.
Note c) Values shall be agreed between the purchser and the supplier.

1: Straightedge or leveling string a: Wave pitch

2: Steel plate and sheet b: Flatness

Fig. 10 Measuring of flatness

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 HGS102-190(1)
Annex A (Standard)
Flatness of steel plate and sheet

This Annex shall specify the flatness of steel plate and sheet corresponding to ISO 7452 as identical in the
content. The standard shall be applied by agreement made between the purchaser and the supplier.

A.1 Scope
This annex shall specify the flatness of hot-rolled structural steel plates.

A.2 Flatness
Flatness shall conform to the following.
a) The maximum value for flatness of steel plates shall be in accordance with Table A.1 and Table A.2.
b) Type L shall be applied when a specified yield point or proof strength is 460 N/mm 2 or less. However, a
quenched and tempered steel is excluded.
b) Type H shall be applied when a specified yield point or proof strength is over 460 N/mm 2, or to a
quenched and tempered steel.

Table A.1 Maximum value for flatness of steel plate and sheet
(measurement on 1000mm or 200mm length)

Table A.2 Maximum value for flatness of steel plate and sheet
(measurement on 1000mm or 200mm length)

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 HGS102-190(1)
Explanation of this standard

This explanation is provided to explain items stated in this standard, exhibits and related items. This does
not constitute part of this standard.

1. Original standard
TES102-189(5) General tolerances (Metal plate shearing)
TES525-019(5) Inspection of gas cut surface

2. Major changes from the original standard

a) Changed the Title and modified the format.
b) Extended the scope to Hitachi Construction Machinery Group Companies.
c) Combined the TES102-190 and TES525-019 to renew as HGS.
d) Defined the roughness conforming to JIS B0601: 1994.
e) Specified the flatness based on the provision of WES 2801.

Date of Establishment: 2016.09.22

Date of Revision (1): 2017.09.13
a) Added JIS G3193 to Applicable Standards, Clause 2.
b) Added the application rule of the Applicable/Reference Standards to Clause 3.
c) Added the flatness of steel plate and sheet to Clause 10.
d) Added Annex A (Standard).

Editing, Translation and Issued by Standardization section, HCM

Creation: Production Engineering Center, Production & Procurement Div., (Welding), HCM
Agreement: HGS Standardization Committee
Approval: Tooru Miyata, Chair of HGS Standardization Committee
Authorization: Michifumi Tabuchi, GM, Development Div., HCM
In the event of any doubt arising, the original Japanese standard is to be the final authority.

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