PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.

hosam eldin samir

‫بسم اهلل الرحمن الرحيم‬

PLUMBING Course
...............................................

Course contents
1- Domestic network : "‫يٍاِ انرغزٌّ "ششب‬
1-1 Cold water network (for wet area “toilet, kitchen”)
1-2 Hot water networks ( separate heating, central heating)
1-3 Heating maintenance (Heat maintenance tape, Hot water return)
1-4 Tank design (capacity, connections)
1-5 Domestic system Pumps (Booster set, Transfer set, Circulation set)
1-6 Water hammer arrestor ٍّ‫يشكهح انًطشقح انًائ‬

2- Drainage network ‫انصشف‬

2-1 Gravity networks:
2-1-a drainage networks (Drainage main or Waste soil or soil black waste k.w)
2-1-b Vent networks (Trap) (drainage by Gravity regulations)
2-1-c Storm drainage network ‫صشف يٍاِ انًطش‬

2-2 Forced networks:

2-2-a Sum pit ‫حفشج أٔ تٍاسج‬

2-2-b Submersible pump ّ‫انطهًثاخ انغاطس‬

2-2-c forced main line (FM)

2-3 External network connections
2-4 Hydraulic jumps

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 2

 PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

1- Domestic network : "‫يٍاِ انرغزٌّ "ششب‬

1-1 Cold water network (for wet area “toilet, kitchen”)ِ‫شثكاخ انًٍاِ انثاسد‬
ٍّ‫األياكٍ انًٕخٕد بْا أخٓضِ صح‬

1-1-a sanitary ware or plumbing fixture:"ٍّ‫“األخٓضج انصح‬

Lav Lavatory
H.B hose Bib
BD Bidet
W.C Water closet
BT Bathtub ٍَٕ‫تا‬
S Sink ‫حٕض‬
SH Shower ‫دش‬
KS Kitchen Sink ‫حٕض يطثخ‬
FD Floor Drain ّ‫تانٕع‬

Uniform plumbing code (UPC)

National plumbing code (NPC)

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 3

 PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

Steps of design
1- Count the number of sanitary ware “S.W” served “fed” by this pipe
2- Count water supply fixture unit “WSFU” for this sanitary ware (by table A-2)
3- Convert fixture unit “WSFU” to GPM (by chart A-2 OR A-3)
4- BY GPM we get pipe size (by friction chart A-5)
*****************
‫الجذول والخرائط مرفق بعذ‬
EX: ‫ عُذي ذٕانٍد تٓزا انشكم‬- ‫نهاية المثال‬

Steps of design
1- Count the number of sanitary ware served “fed” by this pipe

W.C, 2Lav, SH, BT ‫ يٍ عهى انًثال سُدذ‬-

2- Count water supply fixture unit “WSFU” for this sanitary ware (by table A-2)

ٌ‫ نّ َٕعا‬WSFU ‫ عُذ حساب انـ‬W.C ‫مالحظة لـ‬

1- Flush tank: ‫انحًاو انعادي‬ 2- flush valve
Private ‫ٔفى ْزِ انحانّ َاخذ سقى انـ‬ Public ‫ٔفى ْزِ انحانّ َاخذ سقى انـ‬

‫ َطثق رنك عهى انًثال سُدذ‬-

sanitary ware W.C 2Lav SH BT ‫المجمىع‬

WSFU 2.5 1*2 4 4 12.5 WSFU
QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 4
PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

3- Convert fixture unit “WSFU” to GPM (by chart A-2 OR A-3)

Flush valve (Urinal, w.c in public) ‫ٌٕخذ فى ْزِ انخشٌطّ يُحٍُاٌ أحذًْا خاص تـ‬

‫ كًا ْٕ يٕضح عهى انخشٌطح‬Flush tank ‫ٔاَخش خاص تــ‬

(by chart A-2 OR A-3)‫ َطثق رنك عهى انًثال سُدذ‬-

12.5 WSFU 10 GPM

4- BY GPM we get pipe size (by friction chart A-5)

F ‫ الصو ٌكٌٕ انـ‬friction ‫ َدٍة انقطش يع يشاعاج انـ‬، V= 8 𝑓𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ّ‫ ٔانسشع‬GPM ‫َذخم انخشٌطح تـ‬

< 10 𝑓𝑡 100𝑓𝑡

* In case of F > 10 take the larger size for the same line of GPM

‫ َطثق رنك عهى انًثال سُدذ‬-

10 GPM D=𝟑 𝟒

sanitary diameter
WSFU GPM
ware size

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 5

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 6

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 7

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 8

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 9

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

1-1-b Connection which feeding one sanitary ware “S.W”:

S.W minimum fixture branch
-: ً‫* َٕضح ْزا عهى يثال تسٍط كًا ٌه‬

* Point 1:
sizing ‫ خطٕاخ كًا فى انًثال األٔل نعًم‬4 ‫ ٌرى عًم انـ‬-

sanitary diameter
WSFU GPM
ware size

: ‫ٔتزنك َكٌٕ قذ حصهُا عهى‬

S. W1 , FU1 , 𝐺𝑃𝑀1 , D1

* Point 2:
Point 1 ‫تانًثم كًا فعهُا فى‬

: ‫ٔتزنك َكٌٕ قذ حصهُا عهى‬

S. W2 , FU2 , 𝐺𝑃𝑀2 , D2

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 10

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

* Point 3: ‫سكض ُْا تقا‬

GPM3 ‫ َٔطهع‬A-3 ‫ َذخم تٍّ انخشٌطح‬FU3 ‫ ٔانشقى انُاذح‬FU2 ، FU1 ‫َقٕو تدًع‬

∴ FU3 = FU1 + FU2

∴ From chart A-3 by FU3 we get GPM3
∴ From chart A-5 by GPM3 we get D3
* Point 4:
Point 2 , Point 1 ‫تانًثم كًا فعهُا فى‬

: ‫ٔتزنك َكٌٕ قذ حصهُا عهى‬

S. W4 , FU4 , 𝐺𝑃𝑀4 , D4

* Point 5:
Point 3 ‫تانًثم كًا فعهُا فى‬

∴ FU5 = FU4 + FU3

∴ From chart A-3 by FU5 we get GPM5
∴ From chart A-5 by GPM5 we get D5
* Point 6:
Point 4 , Point 2 , Point 1 ‫تانًثم كًا فعهُا فى‬

: ‫ٔتزنك َكٌٕ قذ حصهُا عهى‬

S. W6 , FU6 , 𝐺𝑃𝑀6 , D6

* Point 7:
Point 5 , Point 3 ‫تانًثم كًا فعهُا فى‬

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 11

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

∴ FU7 = FU5 + FU6

∴ From chart A-3 by FU7 we get GPM7
∴ From chart A-5 by GPM7 we get D7
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
EX:
‫ فٍّ ذٕانٍد يركشس فى كم دٔس‬level ‫ أدٔاس كم‬٣ ٍ‫تُك ي‬

‫عنذ التصميم نبدأ من ابعذ نقطه‬

* Point 1:
S.W = 3wc, 3lav, 3sh, 3ur

FU = 7.5+ 3 + 12 + 12 = 34.5 FU
GPM 45 ‫ يٍ انخشٌطح كًا سثق‬GPM ‫َحٕنٓا انى‬

1 𝑝𝑠𝑖
D=1 ,f=8 100𝑓𝑡 Sizing ‫َعًم‬
2

* Point 2 and * Point 3 as * Point 1

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 12

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

* Point 4:
∴ FU4 = FU1 + FU2 = 34.5 + 34.5 = 69
∴ From chart A-3 by FU4 we get GPM4
∴ From chart A-5 by GPM4 we get D4
* Point 5:
∴ FU5 = FU4 + FU3 = 69 + 34.5 = 103.5
∴ From chart A-3 by FU5 we get GPM5
∴ From chart A-5 by GPM5 we get D5

****************************

Cold water network is finished

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 13

 PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

1-2 Hot water networks: ( separate heating, central heating)

1-2-a) separate heating

… ‫ ٔصهح انسخاٌ يثال ْٔكزا‬، ٍ‫ عُذي انحٕض نٍّ ٔصهح تاسد ٔٔصهح ساخ‬:‫يثال‬

Steps of design
1- Count the number of sanitary ware “S.W” served “fed” by this pipe “which
have hot water connection”
*( W.C, UR, Dish Washer “D.W” , Washing Machine “W.M” ) this sanitary ware haven’t hot water connection

2- Count water supply fixture unit “WSFU” for this sanitary ware (by table A-2)
𝟑
and Multiply it with
𝟒
3
‫ٔدا يزكٕس فى َٓاٌح اندذٔل ٔعهٍّ يشتع تانهٌٕ األحًش‬ 4
‫عُى إٌ انُاذح انهى ٍْطهع يٍ اندذٔل َضشتّ فى‬

3- Convert fixture unit “WSFU” to GPM (by chart A-2 OR A-3)

4- BY GPM we get pipe size (by friction chart A-5)

sanitary ware
which have hot water 3/4 WSFU GPM diameter size
connection

≫≫≫≫≫≫≫≫≫≫≫
‫الحظ ْزا انعايٕد‬
ّ‫فٕٓ خاص تانٕصه‬
‫انرى ذغزي اندٓاص‬
‫يثاششج‬

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 14

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

1-2-b) Central heating

Steps of design
1- Count the number of sanitary ware “S.W” served “fed” by this pipe “hot
water which fed by the boiler”

2- Calculate hot water demand for this fixture (𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑟) (by table 9)
total demand ‫* ٌٔعرًذ عهى َٕع انرطثٍق ؛ َٔدًعٓى َٔحسة انـ‬

3- Calculate actual demand = total demand * demand factor (𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑟)

From table 9 ,, no. (19)

4- Calculate capacity = actual demand * capacity factor

From table 9 ,, no. (20)

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 15

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

EX:
30 W.C , 30 LAV, 20 BT, 20 SH , 10 DW , 10 Mw ّ‫ تشج سكًُ ت‬-

Steps of design
1- Count the number of sanitary ware “S.W” served “fed” by this pipe “hot
water which fed by the boiler”
30 LAV, 20 BT, 20 SH

2- Calculate hot water demand for this fixture (𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑟) (by table 9)
total demand ‫* ٌٔعرًذ عهى َٕع انرطثٍق ؛ َٔدًعٓى َٔحسة انـ‬

∴ Total demand = (30 * 7.6) + (20 * 76) + (20 * 114) = 4028 (𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑟)

3- Calculate actual demand = total demand * demand factor

From table 9 ,, no. (19)

∴ Actual demand = 4028 * .3 = 1208.4 (𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑟)

4- Calculate capacity = actual demand * capacity factor

From table 9 ,, no. (20)

∴ Capacity = 1208.4 * 1.25 = 1510.5

*****************************

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 16

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

1-3 Heating maintenance: (Heat maintenance tape, Hot water return)

1-3-a) Heat maintenance tape:

‫ ٌرى نف خط انصاعذ تًهف ٌحافظ عهى دسخح انحشاسج‬-
- Applicable to specific material (copper)

- Running cost

- Capital cost

***************************

1-3-b) Hot water return:

ٍ‫ٌركٌٕ ي‬
- Balancing valve (DRV) (Double Regulating Valve)

- Pipes

- Circulation pumps

** Capital cast

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 17

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

* The concept of Hot water return:-

1- Diameter

Heat losses GPM D

2- Circulation point location

3- Balancing

***********************

EX:

Heat losses GPM D

Q = M 𝐶𝑃 ∆𝑇
Where:
Q Heat losses

M water flow rate

∆𝑇 Temp. diff.

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 18

PLUMBING Course prepared by \ Eng.hosam eldin samir

Q
∴M=𝐶
𝑃 ∆𝑇

Q depends on:
- Heat losses

- Pipe length

- Insulation

QEC : 01111001659 , 01222284244, 01090047420, 01129269686 Page 19