.

,
(
).
:
)
, . , s p
,
p p
.
)
. ,
s p sp
.
)
, .
)

.
) (
)
s p.
-sp .
s p sp
.

+
s

sp
p

sp 1800

-sp2 .
s p sp2
.

, .Sc, Ph.D

http://chimikoergastirio.blogspot.com

3 sp2

+
p

sp2
1200
-sp3 .
s p
sp3 .

109,50

+
s

py

px
pz

sp3

sp3
109,50

( )
.

O () s-s, s-p p-p

.
.
() p-p
( ) .

, .Sc, Ph.D

http://chimikoergastirio.blogspot.com

.
.
,
() .

:
) sp3

:

2p

2p

2s

2s

sp3
1s

1s

1s

sp3
.

) sp2

(C=C , C=O).

sp2 .
sp2 ,
2p .

, .Sc, Ph.D

http://chimikoergastirio.blogspot.com

2p
2p

2p

2s

2s

sp2
1s

1s

1s

) sp.

(C C, C N).

2p

2p

2s

2s

2p

sp
1s

1s

1s

sp (1800),
2p . sp
,
2p (py py, pz pz).

, .Sc, Ph.D

http://chimikoergastirio.blogspot.com

CH4 , CH2 = CH2 , HC CH.

CH4 sp3
(sp3 s). To
,
H C 109,50.

sp3 4 sp3
(1s) (sp3).
CH3CH3.

|
3

C sp C sp
|
|

C C sp3
C. C H sp3 s C .
- CH2 = CH2 sp2
p.
, .
sp2
C (sp2 sp2),
p (pz pz).
- HC CH sp
p , .
,
. sp
C (sp sp),
p
C ( pz pz py py). HC CH C
.

C

H C - H
CC


C C

, .Sc, Ph.D

CH3 CH3
sp3

109,50
1
7

CH2 = CH2
sp2

1200
1 1
5 1

HC CH
sp

1800
1 2
3 2

http://chimikoergastirio.blogspot.com