1

Efficiency of School Administration and the Participation in Students’ Quality

Development of Wat Adisorn School that Affiliated with Prathumthani Primary
Educational Service Area Office 2.

Dr. Nongnush Suwanaruji

Faculty of Education
St There International College

Abstract

The purposes of this study are for 1) To study the Efficiency Level of School
Administration. 2) To study the Participation Level of Students’ Quality Development. 3)
To Compare the Efficiency Level of School Administration distinguish by Personnel Types.
4) To Compare Participation Level of Students’ Quality Development distinguish by
Personnel Types. And, 5) To find the Relationship between Efficiency of School
Administration and the Participation in Students’ Quality Development of Wat Adisorn
School that Affiliated with Prathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. Thus,
the stratified random group sample is used for the process and the total of 60 stakeholder
personnel from Wat Adisorn School educational management is obtained. Research
instrument is Questionnaire and the statistical application is mean, t-Test, Pearson’s simple
correlation moment product. The study results found that Efficiency in School
Administration is in very high level and the Participation in Student’s Quality Development
is also in high level. Meanwhile, Comparison Level of Efficiency in Administration of Wat
Adisorn School when distinguish by Personnel Types, results found have no difference.
However, Comparison Level of Student’s Quality Development Participation when
distinguish by Personnel Types, found that difference is in statistical significant level of .01
and also found that School Efficiency in School Administration and the Participation in
Students’ Quality Development have relationship in the low level in the statistical significant
level of .01 with the coefficient correlation value of .414.

Keywords: Efficiency of School Administration, Participation in Students’ Quality

Development in Primary Educational Service Area Office.

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Background

From the National Education Act B.E. 2542 and the additional amendment (2nd Copy)
B.E. 2545 had specified for Educational Management’s objective and principle in Section 6
that “Educational Management must conduct in order to develop Thai people to be perfect in
body, mind, conscious, intellectual, knowledge and virtues that consisted of ethics and
cultures to live and be able to live with others happily” (Ministry of Education, 2003).
Apparently, Educational Office of Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2
had abode the Educational Reform Policy (B.E. 2552 – 2561) that specified by the Ministry
of Education on the 2nd decade of educational operation under the vision of “Determination of
Developing Thai People to Learn All Life Long with Quality”. However, the main issue of
Educational Reform Objective has 3 issues, they are: To develop the educational standard
quality and the learning of Thai people, to increase opportunity in education and learning
thoroughly with quality, and lastly, to promote the participation of all sectors in educational
management and administration.

From the study of school’s standard quality assessment (SAR, OBEC 2015), found
that there are 19,145 schools that affiliated with Primary Educational Service Area Office are
in moderate level and need improvement which is equal to 63.8%. However, with this figure,
596 schools are assessed with the needed improvement level or ICU which is equal to 3.1%
and needed to be urgently improved. Therefore, Prathumtani Primary Educational Service
Area Office 2 that is original affiliated with Primary Educational Service that have to direct
and control about educational management for schools and to manage schools in accordance
with educational standard in order to have effectiveness and quality especially small size
schools that have total students lower than 120. Thus, to promote schools to create
Efficiency in Administration, Academic Administration is counted to be the schools’ main
key. Meanwhile, the 7 forms of concept to develop students’ education are 1) Learning
together with the main schools. 2) Learning together as according to class levels. 3) School
operates the teaching as usual. 4) Schools of Media Center. 5) The motor service of
Computer Mobility. 6) The Distance Study via Satellite and 7) The teaching rotation of
teachers (Prasert Jankao, 2008). Nevertheless, schools’ efficiency development will be
appropriately developed according to own locality contexts because when schools are
operated under proper contexts, it will be better for educational quality promotion and
support. Generally, according to the truth, schools cannot be developed by themselves
(Reezigt & Creemers, 2005). Besides, schools should hold on to administrative principle
form of participation for strengthening up efficiency in order to gain high quality which
responded to the research work of Sumalee Sungsri (2002) that quoted, the Promotion of
Community Participation is to broadcast to people to understand the nature of participation,
to specify for participating roles in Non-Formal Education Management or to promote
community to study for life long which will effect to more community efficiency and quality.
Likely, it is the factor to create efficiency in schools’ quality administration. In addition,
objectives of schools’ educational quality must effect to good and genius students that
responded to the concept of Education Minister (Jurin Luxsanavisit, 2008) that foresee the
importance of education that aims for Thai people to have opportunity to learning all life long
and with quality, aim to develop learners to achieve objectives of genius, good and happiness.
Especially, for the Good factor, the beautiful 3D formula has been given to institutions in
order that institutions will arrange for promotional activities that promote learners in the 3D
aspects, that is Democracy, is to hold on to democracy. Secondly, the Decency is to have
virtues and being as Thai. Lastly, the D for Drug-Free, is to stay away from Drug.

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Wat Adisorn School is the small primary school which has only 45 students and has
limited budget, lack of teachers/operational room. Thus, teachers are lack of new knowledge
skills development and students are not learning in accordance with standard subjects. In
addition, school lacks of teaching media equipment that effected parents to transfer their
children to study with schools that have more educational equipment (SAR, Wat Adisorn
School, 2015). According to school’s educational management, school must manage in
accordance with the national educational standard and must cling to the original affiliated
department. Therefore, researcher interested to study about the Efficiency of School
Administration with the Participation of Students’ Quality Development, case study of Wat
Adisorn School, affiliated with Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 in
order to be benefited to schools, school’s administrators, teachers, community and
educational institutions to utilize outcomes from the study to improve and develop school
management appropriately. Furthermore, educational institutions can bring research results
as samples in the learning and teaching or in educational services inclusively students that are
studying in the related topic of School Administration, can truly bring over the concepts for
utilization in educational administration of schools or department that related to the study.

Research Objectives

1. To study Efficiency Level in School Administration of Wat Adisorn School that

affiliated with Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2.
2. To study the Participation Level of Students’ Quality Development of Wat Adisorn
School that affiliated with Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2.
3. To Compare the Efficiency Level of School Administration of Wat Adisorn School
that affiliated with Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 distinguish by
Personnel Types.
4. To Compare the Participation Level in Students’ Quality Development of Wat
Adisorn School that affiliated with Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2
distinguish by Personnel Types.
5. To find the Relationship between School Administration Efficiency and the
Participation in Students’ Quality Development of Wat Adisorn School that affiliated with
Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2.

Research Methodology

1. Population and the Sample Group

Studied Population that researcher studied is the Wat Adisorn School’s 70
Stakeholders in educational management. Thus, Sample Group is the total of 60 stratified
random sampling personnel that have interests in the educational management which
obtained from the Krejcie & Morgan Table.
2. Variables
Studied Variables are:
2.1 Independent Variables are Personnel which are consisted of 2 Types. They
are Internal Personnel, such as School Administrators and Institutional Committees. And,
External Personnel, such as parents, alumni representatives and local organizational
representatives.
2.2 Dependent Variables are consisted of the 2 following variables:

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2.2.1 School Administration Efficiency that consisted of 4 aspects of

Administrative Work. They are Academic Administration, Personnel Administration,
Budget Administration and General Administration.
2.2.2 Students’ Quality Development Participation that consisted of 4 aspects,
they are Process Quality Participation, Good Student Quality Development Participation,
Genius Student Quality Participation and Living Happily in Society Student’s Quality
Development Participation.
3. Instruments and research statistical application are Questionnaire that invented by
researcher that has discrimination values of .35-.753, reliability of .88. Research statistical
use is mean, t-Test and Pearson’s simple correlation moment product.
4. Duration of Study is during the month of January 2018 – February 2018.

Research Results

Results from the study are as follows:

1. The Study of Efficiency Level in School Administration.

Efficiency in Wat Adisorn School Administration as shown by Table No. 1

Table No. 1 Illustrates School Administration Level in overall (N=60)

Aspects mean S.D. Level of
Administration
Academic Administration 4.6700 .13187 Very High
Personnel Administration 4.6167 .35566 Very High
Budget Administration 4.3833 .32995 High
General Administration 4.3733 .27424 High
School Administration Efficiency in Overall 4.5108 .19312 Very High

From Table No. 1, found that Efficiency in School Administration in overall is in very
high level (4.51). When consider in individual aspect, found that Academic Administration
aspect and Personnel Administration aspect has very high level of Administrative Efficiency.
Thus, for other administrative efficiency aspects, such as Budget and General Administration
are in high levels of efficiency respectively.

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2. The Study Level of Students’ Quality Development Participation

Students’ Quality Development Participation of Wat Adisorn School as shown by
Table No. 2

Table No. 2 Illustrates the Level of Students’ Quality Development Participation in Overall
(N=278)
Aspects mean S.D. Capability
Levels
Process Quality in Participation 4.5500 .30281 Very High
Good Student Quality Development 4.4833 .31739 High
Genius Student Quality Development 4.4967 .31781 High
Living Happily in Society Quality of Student High
Development 4.4233 .37569
Students’ Quality Development Participation in High
Overall 4.4883 .25733

From Table No. 2 found that Students’ Quality Development Participation of Wat
Adisorn School in overall has high level in quality participation. When consider in individual
aspect, found that Process Quality in Participation is in very high level of development.
Thus, for other aspects, such as Genius Student Quality Development, Good Student Quality
Development and Living Happily in Society in Students’ Quality Development are in high
levels development respectively.

3. Comparison Level of School Administration Efficiency

Comparison School Administration Efficiency of Wat Adisorn School as shown by
Table No. 3

Table No. 3 Comparison Level of School Administration Efficiency distinguish by Types of

Personnel.
Internal (n=15) External (n=45) t P
Aspects Average S.D. Average S.D.
Values Values
Academic Administration 4.7067 .10328 4.6578 .13897 1.249 .217
Personnel Administration 4.5467 .34198 4.6400 .36081 .878 .383
Budget Administration 4.3067 .30111 4.4089 .33833 1.040 .303
General Administration 4.3733 .30111 4.3733 .26833 .000 1.000
School Administration
4.4833 .19242 4.5200 .19464 .634 .529
Efficiency in Overall
*
p< .05 ** p< .01

From Table No.3, Comparison Level of School Administration Efficiency distinguish

by Personnel Types in overall found that External Personnel and Internal Personnel agreed
that the Level of Efficiency in School Administration has difference without statistical
significant. When consider in individual aspect, found that every aspect of School
Administration Efficiency Level, External Personnel and Internal Personnel agreed that Level
of School Administration Efficiency is also difference without statistical significant.

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4. Comparison Level of Students’ Quality Development Participation.

Comparison of Students’ Quality Participation of Wat Adisorn School as shown by
Table No. 4

Table No. 4 Comparison Level of Students’ Quality Development Participation distinguish

by Personnel Types.
Internal (n=15) External (n=45)
Aspects Average S.D. Average S.D. t P
Values Values
**
Process Quality in Participation 4.3467 .33352 4.6178 .26224 3.235 .002
Good Student Quality **
Development 4.2933 .33693 4.5467 .28731 2.832 .006
Genius Student Quality **
Development 4.2800 .34476 4.5689 .27619 3.293 .002
Living Happily in Society
4.2533 .35830 4.4800 .36779 2.080* .042
Students’ Quality Development
Students’ Quality Development **
Participation in Overall 4.2933 .31672 4.5533 .19897 3.744 .000
*
p< .05 ** p< .01

From Table No. 4 Comparison Level of Students’ Quality Development

Participation distinguished by Personnel Types in overall found that External Personnel
agreed higher in Students’ Quality Development Participation than the Internal Personnel in
the statistical significant level of .01. And, when consider in individual aspect, found that
External Personnel agreed higher in Students’ Quality Development Participation in all
aspects than the Internal Personnel. Thus, with the Process Quality Participation aspect,
Good Student Quality Development aspect, Genius Student Quality Development aspect,
found that External Personnel agreed in higher level of Students’ Quality Development
Participation than the Internal Personnel in the statistical significant level of .01. For Living
Happily in Society of Students’ Quality Development Participation aspect, found that
External Personnel agreed in higher level than Internal Personnel in statistical significant
level of .05

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5. The Finding of Relationship between School Administration Efficiency and

Students’ Quality Development Participation.

The Finding of Relationship between School Administration Efficiency and Students’

Quality Development Participation of Wat Adisorn School as shown by Table No. 5

Table No. 5 Illustrates the Relationship between School Administration Efficiency and
Students’ Quality Development Participation.
Participation

Participation

Participation
in Overall
Happily
Student

Student
Genius

Living
Good
Efficiency in Administration

Academic Administration .467** .311* .086 .053 .289*

Personnel Administration .448** .253 .112 .002 .183
Budget Administration .208 .347** .008 .298* .294*
General Administration .257* .410** .329* .320* .439**
Efficiency of School Administration in .465** .462** .084 .251 .414**
Overall
**
p< .01

From Table No. 5 found that Efficiency of School Administration and Students’
Quality Development Participation has relationship in the low level of statistical significant
level of .01 with coefficient correlation values of .414. When consider in individual aspect,
found that General Administration in School Administration has relationship with Good
Student Quality Development Participation in the low level in the statistical significant level
of .01 with coefficient correlation value of .410 and also found that Academic Administration
aspect and Personnel Administration aspect has relationship with the Process Quality in
Students’ Development Participation in the low level of statistical significant level of .01 with
coefficient correlation values of .467 and .448 respectively.

Conclusion of Studied Results

1. School Administration Efficiency in overall is in very high level. Thus, very high
levels of School Administration Efficiency are Academic Administration and Personnel
Administration. However, for Budget Administration and General Administration are in high
low level of Administrative Efficiency.
2. Students’ Quality Development Participation of Wat Adisorn School in overall is
in high level. Thus, the very high level in Quality in Participation is the Process Quality in
Participation. However, for other high level of participation aspects are Genius Student
Quality Development Participation, Good Student Quality Development Participation and
Living Happily in Society Quality Development Participation.
3. Comparison Level of Wat Adisorn School Administration Efficiency distinguish
by Personnel found that different personnel agreed that level of efficiency in school
administration of both overall and individual aspect has no difference.

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4. Comparison Level of Students’ Quality Participation distinguished by Personnel,

found that External Personnel in overall has higher agreement than Internal Personnel. Thus,
when consider in individual aspect, found that Process Quality Participation aspect, Good
Student Quality Development aspect and Genius Student Quality Development aspect,
External Personnel agreed to have higher level in participation than Internal Personnel. For
the aspect of Living Happily in Society Participation Development, External Personnel
agreed to have higher level in participation than Internal Personnel. Thus, it illustrated that
External Personnel have participated in every school activity in creating Administrative
Efficiency starting from organizational analysis, school vision arrangement, planning for
school development and joined in the participation of learning and teaching activities,
activities to develop learners, developing good skills and attitudes to students that will effect
to happiness build up to the good, genius and talented students to live in society happily.
5. The Finding of Relationship between School Administration Efficiency and the
Students’ Quality Development Participation, found that relationship is in low level in the
statistical significant level of .01 and with coefficient correlation value of .414. Thus, when
consider in individual aspect, found that General Administration has relationship with Good
Student Quality Development aspect in the low level of the statistical significant level of .01
with the coefficient correlation value of .410 and found that Academic Administration and
Personnel Administration have relationship with the Process Quality Participation in student
development in the low level of statistical significant level of .01 with coefficient correlation
values of .467 and .448 respectively.

Discussion

From the study found that the creating of Efficiency in School Administration and the
Participation in Students’ Quality Development effect in school’s quality educational
development in the very high level by the following details:
1.From the study of Efficiency in School Administration, found that the level of
Administrative Efficiency is in very high level which responded to the research work of
Sopha Wongnakpetch (2010) that found Academic Administration of Primary Education in
overall and in individual aspect is in high level which responded to the research work of
Purkey and Smith (1983: 427- 452) that have relationship in the institutional model, have
community office, have clear objective, have clear regulation, have high participated
expectation together and responded to research work of Visuth Vijitpatcharaporn (2004) and
administrative strategy that emphasize on the whole organizational quality in order to be able
to develop school to have school administrative efficiency and able to lift up learners’
quality. Therefore, it means that school must promote more Academic Administration
Strength in order to bring students to Academic Excellence and to multiply the development
of Budget Administration and General Administration in order to promote more students’
Academic quality.
2.From the study of Participation Level of Students’ Quality Development, found that
Participation in Quality Development is in high level which responded to the research work
of Sasiporn Rintha (2011) that in administering small size school, leader must dare to use
lateral thinking, change new concept, have strategic vision, have determination in work, have
teamwork, have working-network, arrange for integral learning with community or with local
wisdom. Thus, this might need technology in learning management because school has not
enough teachers for classes or it may arrange the learning and teaching to link with non-
formal education and so forth or to associate with families, temples and schools by arranging
learning processes with community as basis in order to drive for educational management.

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3.From the Comparison Level Study of Efficiency in School Administration, found

that the comparison in overall that distinguish by Personnel Types, found that External and
Internal Personnel agreed that School Administration Efficiency has no different level which
responded to research work of Yaowanuj Ta-Nam (2002) that studied the topic of “Parents’
Need in Educational Management Participation for Early Childhood in Chinese school”,
found that Parents’ Need Comparison that related to Early Childhood Educational
Management Participation distinguish by economy of Parents’ Financial Status” in overall
and in individual aspect, found that has no difference which responded to Pramote Kingkao
(2001) in his research topic of “Roles Participation Comparison in Educational Management
of Office of the Basic Education Commission in accordance with Conditional Variables” in
overall found that there is no difference in the Promotion of Educational Resources
Mobilization and the Relationship Strengthen between Institution and Community aspect and
also responded to the research work of Panuwat Sokumpha (2009 : 92) that studied
“Community Participation in Educational Management of Tum Bon Na-Vieng,
Amnartcharoen Province” that found population in community that have different genders
have no difference in educational management participation that responded to the research
work of Boonnaphat Doenklang (2009 : 87 -88) had studied Parents’ Participation in
Educational Management of Ban-Lard-Yai School, Ampur Muang, Chaiyapoom province.
The hypothesis test results found that parents that have educational levels and with the
different durations of staying in Tum Bon Lard-Yai have educational management
participation in overall without differences and responded to the research work of Panuwat
Sokumpha (2009 : 92) that studied Community Participation in Educational Management of
Tum Bon Na-Vieng, Amnartcharoen Province, found that different genders in community
population have no difference in educational participation.
4.When compare the Participation Level of Students’ Quality Development, External
Personnel had participated higher Students’ Quality Development than the Internal Personnel.
With this kind of school administration, internal personnel must increase more participation
in various school’s activity projects. Thus, starting from school’s administrators, teachers and
internal school personnel in education. However, school board should create students’
quality educational development recognition and school’s administrators should abide on to
the principle of decentralization and the participation in school administration. Nevertheless,
research works found that the highest significant factor to efficiency in school management is
Academic and Personnel Administration. On the contrary, factor that effected low school
management efficiency is Budget and General Administration. Therefore, both Internal and
External Personnel of school management should significantly build up the realization of
Academic and Personnel Administration factors as heart of Student’s Quality Development in
order to develop them to be genius and good students and live happily in society which
responded to the research work of Supranee Thongmon (2010 : Abstract), had studied about
Process Development of Relationship between School and Community in Budget and
General Administration of Phusing-Pracha-Sermvit School, Phusing District, Sri-Saket
Province. After the 2 processes had been done by using school’ public relation activity in
using students as media, school’s activities, broadcasting by journal to community
population, visiting parents’ houses, found that there were changes from both internal school
administration and within the community in the good and positive ways. Still, found out that
there were some weak points that had to be developed, they are policy level processed
promotion that should be promoted in educational areas, to continue to promote in having the
following-up and assessment of school in order to create reliability with community that the
school is capable in better developing students’ quality.

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5.To find Low Relationship between School Administration Efficiency and the
Participation in Students’ Quality Development that responded to research work of Supaporn
Rod-Tanom (1999) that studied the topic of “The Relationship between Leadership of
Changing and the Participated Administration of Nursing College’s Director with the
Organizational Effectiveness in accordance with Nursing Lecturers’ Acknowledgement at
Nursing College that Affiliated with Ministry of Public Health”. The research results found
that Participation in Administration has positive outcomes in moderate level to organization.
It indicates that there must be other guidelines factor to increase relationship levels which
responded to research work of Pongphan Limlenglert (2001) quoted about participation that
school’s personnel especially administrators should promote subordinators to participate in
decision, even though administrators can make their own decisions. However, many
operations must depend on other colleagues and to let other subordinators to be part of
operation that will create responsibility together and will effect to better operation.

Recommendation for Research Utilization

1. From the study outcomes of Efficiency in School Administration and the

Participation in Students’ Quality Development of Wat Adisorn School that affiliated with
Prathumtani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 have the following
recommendations.
Academic Administrative Group Aspect, found that school developed programs and
institution that responded to parents and locality’s needs and responded to basic educational
standard including having external personnel participated in seminar and being as lecturers in
order to promote parents to develop student’s quality to be good, genius and live happily in
society.
2. Budget Administration Group Aspect, found that external personnel that consisted
of parents and monks have participated in school administration, such as they donated lunch,
supplement food, developed building, contributed for educational resources, financial
support, for example scholarship for genius students but poor. Yet, there should be parents,
governmental units and private promotion around the area to participate in financial support
in educational management to genius and good behavior students so that they will live
happily in society.
3.For Administrative Participation Aspect, school administrators must be good
coordinator that can coordinate with community personnel to participate in school quality
development starting from meeting, planning, assign for many school’s projects and activities
inclusively participate in many school’s activity processes in order to share in creating
efficiency of many administrative jobs, such as improve many activities including survey
external personnel’s needs and the important objective is to develop knowledge, to develop
many processes skill and also to develop attitude to students.
4. Budget Administration Group Aspect, from the concept comparison of internal
and external school personnel that have low level. Therefore, school should prepare for
readiness in budget aspect in order to develop Academic quality to students by focusing on
Academic quality development, to develop educational technology media, training teachers to
be specialists or Academic experts. This could be done by applying and allocating the
Participation in School Administration principles, for example educational mobilization for
learning and teaching development or the bringing of many projects support that will promote
students’ development.
5.General Administration Aspect, from the concept comparison of internal and
external school personnel that have low level, it indicates that school should prepare for

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readiness in school building in order to support for educational quality development for
students, such as classrooms, laboratories, sport fields and educational technology media
including learning and teaching equipment, have library, computer rooms, etc. Thus,
students will be receiving the development and turn to be good and genius students and able
to live in society happily. Besides, students can develop knowledge and use these factors as
learning Academic sources and students can sufficiently study and search in both Thai and
foreign languages.

Recommendation for next Research

1. To study Comparison in Participation of Educational Management of External

Personnel towards the Education of Schools that affiliated to Prathumtani Educational
Service Area Office 2.
2. To study Comparison between Participation in Education of Parents and the
Participation in Educational Management of Governmental Units and Private in the areas that
schools are located.
3. To study Factor of Efficiency in Building Up School Administration in Academic and
Personnel Administration that effect to Students’ Quality in Prathumtani Educational Service
Area 2.

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