Eleventh A rab Conference on the Peaceful Uses o f Atom ic Energy. Khartoum, Sudan.

16-20 D ecem ber 2012

‫ﺗ ﻮ ﺻﻴ ﻒ ﻋﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻣ ﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺀ ﻧ ﻬ ﺮ د ﺟﻠ ﺔ اﻟ ﻤ ﻌﺎ ﻣ ﻞ ﺑ ﻌﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧ ﻮ ي ؤ ﻓﻴ ﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺎ‬

) ‫ ﻣﺎﻳ ﻜ ﺮ وﺑﺎﻳ ﻮﻟ ﻮ ﺟﻴﺎ‬،‫ ﻛ ﻴ ﻤ ﻴﺎ ﺋ ﻴﺎ‬،

‫ أ ﺣ ﺴﻴ ﻦ ﻋﻠ ﻲ ا ﺣﻤﺪ‬،‫ ﺻﺒﻴ ﺤﺔ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟ ﺠﺒﺎر ﻳﺪ ن‬١ ،‫ﺣ ﺴ ﻦ ا ﺳ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻴ ﻞ دﻣﺒﻮ س‬

‫دﻣﺔ ﺑﺤﻮث ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﻤﻮاداﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺤﻮث اﻟﻤﻮا‬/‫ة اﻟﻌﻠﻮم واﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮ ﺟﻴﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ ﻛﺮادة‬/ ‫؟داﺋﺮة اﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻐﺪاد‬
h_dombus@yahoo.com :‫اﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ا الﻟﻜﺘ ﺮ وﻧ ﻲ‬
‫ اﻟﻌ ﺮا ق‬- ‫ﺑﻐﺪاد‬

C h a r a c te r iz a tio n s a m p le s o f T ig ris r iv e r w a te r tr e a te d
w ith n a n o c o llo id a l s ilv e r (p h y sic a lly , c h e m ic a lly ,
m ic ro b io lo g ic a lly )

H assan I. D um boos., S abeeha J.B ed en ,H assain A .A h m ed ,

M inistry o f science and T ech no log y /D irecto rate o f M a te r‫؛‬al Science
R esearch /C en ter o fA d v a n c e d M aterial R esearch
M ayoralty o f B aghdad
E. mail: hdombus@yahoo.com
Baghdad- Iraq

‫اﻟ ﺨ ال ﺻ ﺔ‬
‫ ﻟ ﺨ ﻴ ﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪ را ﺳﺎ ت واﻟﺒ ﺤﻮ ث ﻓ ﻲ ﻣ ﺠﺎ ل ا ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪام اﻟﻔﻀﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﻓ ﻲ ﺗﻌﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺎه اﻟ ﺸﺮ ب‬١‫ﺗ ﺠ ﺮ ي‬
‫ ﺳﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﻓ ﻲ‬٠ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ اﻟ ﻀﺎره وﺗﺎﻧﺌﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻮا ﺻﻔﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ال ﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻛﻤﺎﺀ اﻟ ﺸﺮ ب‬
‫ﻫﺬا اﻟﺒﺤ ﺚ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﻴﻦ ؛ ا الوﻟ ﻰ ﺗﺘ ﻀﻤ ﻦ ﺗ ﺤ ﻀﻴﺮ اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه ﺧ ال ل ﻣ ﺮا ﺣ ﻞ اﻟﺘﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ واﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ‬
‫ إ‬jyjI 00 ‫^ ﻟ ﻜ ﻞ‬0 ‫ام‬ ‫ الا‬1( ‫وا ﺧﺬﻗﻴﺎ ﺳﺎ ت اﻟﻜﺪرذ" واﻟ ﺤﺎﻣ ﻀﻴﺔ وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻟ ﺠﺘ ﻬﺎﺑﻤ ﺤﺎﻟﻴ ﻞ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ ﺑﻨﺴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﺎد اﻟﻨﻬﺮ أﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﺑﺄﻧﻨﻘﺎﺀ أﻓ ﻀ ﻞ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ا ال وﻟ ﻰ واﻓ ﻀ ﻞ ﺷﺒ ﺔ‬
‫) واﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻟ ﻐ ﺮ ض ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻤﻮا ﺻﻔﺔ‬N A g ( ‫ا ﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣ ﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻣ ﺤﻠﻮل اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧﻮي‬
‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺟﺮاﺀ اﻟﻨﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ واﻟﺒﺎﻳﻠﻮﺟﻴﺔ وﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻮا ﺻﻔﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻴﺔ‬
A b stra ct
M any researches o f using nano silver ‫؛‬١٦ purification o f drinking
water from bacteria and its effect on standard properties as drinking water
were established. Two stages accomplished in these projects, first stage
include preparation o f colloidal silver with characterization process and
prepare water samples through sedimentation, filtration process , PM and
turbidity measure then treated with colloidal silver ‫؛‬١١ volume ratio (0.1 ^ ) m l
 ‫‪/100ml. The second stage represent select the better results from stage one‬‬
‫‪and take samples to determine the standard characterization values with‬‬
‫‪chemical, physical and microbiological taste. Results will be compared with‬‬
‫‪Iraqi standard cer^fication.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ان ﻣﻌ ﻈﻢ ﻃ ﺮ ق ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ رﻣﺎﺀ اﻟﻨﻬﺮي ﺗﻘﺘ ﺼﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ واﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺛﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﺑﻌﺪض اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎوﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﻮم ﺑﺎ ﺧ ال ل اﺗﺰان اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻘﺔ وﺗﻬﻴﺌﺔ اﻟ ﻈﺮو ف اﻟﻤالﺋﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﺳﻴﺒﻬﺎ‬
‫وازاﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﺣﻮادﻧﻰ اﻟﺘﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ وﺗﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﺮ ﺷ ﺤﺎ ت رﻣﻠﻴﺔ وﻫﻨﺎﻟ ﻚ ﺑﻌ ﺾ‬
‫اﻟ ﻤ ﻜ ﺮ وﺑﺎ ت اﻟ ﻤ ﺴﺎ ﻋﺪة ﻣﺜ ﻞ اﻟﺒ ﻮﻟﻴ ﻤ ﺮا ت اﻟ ﻌ ﻀ ﻮﻳ ﺔ واﻟﺒﺌﺘ ﻮﻧﺎﻳ ﺖ واﻟ ﺴﻴﻠ ﻜﺎ اﻟﻨ ﺸ ﻄ ﺔ وﻳ ﻤ ﻜ ﻦ ا ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪا م اﻟ ﻜ ﺮﺑ ﻮ ن‬
‫اﻟ ﻤﻨﺜ ﻂ الزاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎ ت اﻟﻌ ﻀﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﻐﻴﺮا ﻓﻲ ﻃﻌﻢ وراﺋﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه ﻛﻤﺎ *ﺗﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺘﻲ اﻟﺘﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ واﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻄﻬﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ار ﺳﺎل ﺗﻠ ﻚ اﻟﻤﻨﺎه اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤ ﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺮرا‪،‬‬
‫ال زاﻟ ﺔ اﻟﺘﻌ ﺴﻴﺮ (‪ )Water Softening‬آي ازاﻟﺔ ﻣ ﺮ ﻛﺒﺎ ت‬
‫ﻋﻨ ﺼ ﺮ ي اﻟﻜﺎﻟ ﺴﻴﻮم واﻟ ﻤ ﻐﺘﺒ ﻤ ﻬ ﻮ م‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺒﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻌ ﺴﺮة ﻋﻦ ﻃ ﺮﻳ ﻖ اﻟﺘﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ وﺗﺘﻢ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ت اﻟﻤﻴﺎه ﺑﺎﺿﺎﻓﺔاﻟﺠﺐ؛ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﻄﻔﺄ رﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺴﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﺎﻟﺴﻴﻮم) اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎ ت ﻣﺤﺪودة ﺣﻴ ﺚ ﺗ ﺤﺪ ث ﺗﻔﺎ ﻋ ال ت ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺗ ﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺎ ر وا ﺳ ﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎ رﺑ ﻮﻧﺎ ت اﻟﻜﺎﻟﺴﻴﻮم وﻫﻴﺪروﻛ ﺴﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﻐﻨﻴﺴﻴﻮم وﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻠﺠﻮﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴ ﺮ ﻣﻦ‪ ١‬ال ﺣﻴﺎ ن‬
‫اﻟﻰ ا ﺿﺎﻓﺔ رﻣﺎد اﻟ ﺼﻮدا رﻛﺮﺑﻮﻧﺎ ت اﻟ ﺼﻮدﻳﻮم) ﻣﻊ اﻟﺠﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌ ﺾ ﺻ ﻮ ر اﻟﻌﺴﺮة ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﻫﺬه‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺮ ﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ الزاﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻘﺔ واﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ و ﺗ ﺸ ﺪ‬
‫و زﻧ ﻬﺎ[‪.]2‬‬ ‫اﻟ ﻤ ﺮ ﺳﺒﺎ ت ﻓ ﻲ اﺑ ﺴ ﻂ ﺻ ﻮ ر ﻫﺎ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﻓ ﻌ ﻞ اﻟ ﺠﺎذﺑﻴ ﺔ ﺣ ﻴ ﺚ ﺗ ﺰا ل اﻟ ﺮ وا ﺳ ﺐ ﺗ ﺤ ﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴ ﺮ‬
‫ﻧ ﻈ ﺮا ﻟﻠﺘﻘﺪم اﻟ ﺼﻨﺎ ﻋ ﻲ واﻟﺘﻘﻨ ﻲ واﻟﺘﻠ ﻮ ث اﻟﺒﻴﺌ ﻲ اﻟ ﺬ ي ﻳ ﺸﻬﺪه ﻫﺬا اﻟ ﻌ ﺼ ﺮ و ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺒ ﻌ ﻪ ﻣ ﻦ ا ز دﻳﺎ د ﺳ ﺮﻳ ﻊ ﻓ ﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪ ل ا ﺳﺘﻬالك اﻟﻤﻴﺎه اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺂن اﻟﻨﻘﻴﺔ وﻧ ﻈﺮا ﻧﻤﺎ ﻳ ﺤﺪ ث ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻮ ث ﻟﺒﻌ ﺾ ﺗﻠ ﻚ اﻟﻤ ﺼﺎدر ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠ ﻤ ﻔ ﻔﺎ ت‬
‫اﻟ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ وﻣﻴﺎه اﻟ ﺼ ﺮ ف اﻟ ﺼ ﺤ ﻰ وﺑﻌ ﺾ اﻟﺤﻮاد ث اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﺎن ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎ ت اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺑﺪا ت‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﺧ ﺬ ﻣ ﺴﺎ را ﺟﺪﻳﺪا ﻳ ﺨﺘﻠ ﻒ ﻛﺜﻴ ﺮا ﻋ ﻦ ﻣ ﺴﺎ ر اﻟ ﻤ ﻌﺎﻟ ﺠ ﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪا م ﻋ ﻮاﻟ ﻖ اﻟ ﺬ ﻫ ﺐ واﻟ ﻔ ﻀ ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮﻳﺔ ﻛ ﻤ ﻀﺎﻓﺎ ت ﺣﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻓ ﻰ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ واﻟﻤﻴﺎه ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘ ﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﺮﻳﺎ واﻟﻔﺎﻳﺮو ﺳﺎ ت ﻣﻨﺬ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺪم وا ﺧﺬ ت ﺑﺎﻟﺘ ﻄﻮر ﺣﺘ ﻰ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬا ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒ ﺤﻮ ث واﻟﺪرا ﺳﺎ ت اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮرذوو إ‬
‫‪.‬ﻓ ﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺒ ﺤ ﺚ ﺗﻢ ا ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪام ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺂﻧ ﻮ ﻣﺘ ﺮ ي ﻓ ﻲ ﻣ ﻌﺎﻟ ﺠ ﺔ ﻣﻴﺎه ﻧ ﻬ ﺮ د ﺟﻠ ﺔ ﺑﺎ ﺧ ﺬ ﻋﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫ﻣ ﺤ ﻄﺔ اﻟﻜﺮادة ‪-‬ﻣﻴﺎه ﻧﻬﺮ دﺟﻠﺔ وا ﺟ ﺮﻳ ﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﻟ ﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه ﺑﻤﺮاﻗﺒﺔ اﻟﻌﻜﺮة واال س اﻟ ﺤﺎﻣ ﻀ ﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻧ ﺴ ﺐ ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧ ﻮ ﻣﺘ ﺮ ي اﻟ ﻤ ﺴﺘ ﺨﺪم ﻛ ﻤﺎ ﺟ ﺮ ت ﻣﻘﺎ رﻧ ﺔ ﻓﻴ ﺰﻳﺎ وﻳ ﺔ ﻣ ﻊ اﻟ ﻤ ﻮا ﺻ ﻔ ﺔ اﻟ ﻌﺎﻟ ﻤﻴ ﺔ و ﻛ ﺬﻟ ﻚ‬
‫اﻟ ﻨﺎ ﻧ ﻮ ﻣ ﺘ ﺮ ي‪] ٤١٥[ .‬‬ ‫اﻟﻔ ﺤﺘ ﺲ اﻟﺒﺎﻳﻠ ﻮ ﺟ ﻲ ﻟﻨ ﻤﺎذ ج ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه اﻟ ﻤ ﻌﺎﻟ ﺠ ﺔ ﺑ ﻌﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ‬
‫اﻟ ﺠﺎﻧ ﺐ اﻟ ﻌ ﻤﻠ ﻲ‬
‫‪)Electrophoresis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘ ﻀ ﻤ ﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟ ﺠﺎﻧ ﺐ ﺗ ﺤ ﻀﻴ ﺮ ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧﻮ ي ﺑ ﻄ ﺮﻳﻘ ﺔ ﻓﻴ ﺰﻳﺎ وﻳ ﺔ‬
‫( ‪ Technique‬ﺑﺎ ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪام اﻗ ﻄﺎ ب ﻣ ﻦ ا ﺳ ال ك اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﻴﺔ ﺗ ﻐ ﻤ ﺮ ﻓ ﻲ ﻣ ﺤﻠ ﻮ ل ﻣﺎﺋ ﻲ وﺑﺘ ﺴﻠﻴ ﻂ ﻓﻮﻟﺘﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ DC‬ﻣ ﺴﺘﻤﺮة ( ‪ )Volt 30-40‬ﻧ ﺤ ﺼ ﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣ ﺮ و ر ﻓﺘ ﺮة ﻣ ﻦ اﻟ ﺰ ﻣ ﻦ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧ ﻮ ﻣﺘ ﺮ ي‬
‫ذو ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎ ت ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺑ ﺤ ﺠﻢ ﺣﺒﻴﺒ ﻲ (‪ )50 - 130 ٨٨٦‬ذا ت ﺷ ﻜ ﻞ ﻛ ﺮ و ي ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘ ﻈﻢ ا ﺿﺎﻓ ﺔ اﻟ ﻰ ﻧ ﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻳﻮﻧﺎ ت اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺒﺔ وذا ت ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺎﻳﺮو ﺳﺎ ت واﻟﺒﻜﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻓ ﻲ‬
‫ا ال و ﺳﺎ ط اﻟﺒﻴﻨﻴﺔﻟﺠﺎ ‪.‬ﻳ ﻬﺪ ف اﻟﺒﺤ ﺚ درا ﺳﺔ ﻧﻤﺎذج ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﺎه دﺟﻠﺔ ‪-‬ﻣ ﺤ ﻄ ﺔ اﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﺮادة وﺗﻢ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﺒﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ وﺗﺮﺷﻴﺤﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻓ الﺗﺮ ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﺳﻠﻴﻠﻮزﻳﺔ ﻗﺪ ﻋﻮﻣﻠ ﺖ ﺑﻨﺴ ﺐ ﺣ ﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻨﺜﺎ ت ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻟ ﻜ ﻞ ﺣ ﺠ ﻢ ‪ ١‬ﻟﺘ ﺮ ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺀ اﻟ ﺠﺎ ر ي و ﺗ ﺮ ﻛ ﺖ ﻓﺘ ﺮ ة ز ﻣﻨﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫‪) 0.1 - 8‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ ا ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮي(ا‪١٦٦‬‬
‫وﻗﻴﺎ س ^* ‪ )Tumidity HACHyo‬وا ال س‬ ‫ﻗ ﺼﻴ ﺮ ة ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻨﺜﻢ ﺗ ﺮ ﺷ ﺢ اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟ ﻤﻌﺎﻟ ﺠ ﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﺎ ت و ﻛ ﺬﻟ ﻚ ا ﺟ ﺮا ﺀ ﻓ ﺤ ﻮ ﺻﺎ ت ﻗﻴﺎ س ﺗ ﺮ ﻛﻴ ﺰ‬ ‫' ^ ^ (‪)PH Electrode Meteometer‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬
 ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻢ(‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎ ﺻﺮ )‪ (Ag, Na, Mg, Ca, K‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻗ ﻨ ﻴ ﺔ ﻃ ﻴﺎ ف االﻣﺘ ﺼﺎ ص اﻟﻜﺘﻠﻲ ﻧﻮع‪-‬ﻣ‬
‫ر ( ة ة و‪ -‬آلاﻳﻤﺠ ﻪ^ﻣﺘﻀﻴﺪ اﻟﻨﺘﺮا ت واﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﻳ ﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ) ‪Expandable Ion Analyzer‬‬
‫)‪ EA-940‬وﻣ ﺆﺛﺮا ت ا ﺧﺮ ى ا ﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﺤ ﺺ اﻟﻤﺎﻳﻜﺮوﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟ ﻲ ﺑﺄﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻔ ﺤ ﻮ ﺻﺎ ت اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟ ﻤ ﻌﺘ ﻤﺪة ﻟﻤﺎﺀ اﻟ ﺸ ﺮ ب ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ واﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗ ﺸﺔ‬
‫ان ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻜﺪرة واال س اﻟ ﺤﺎﻣ ﻀ ﻰ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻗﺒﻞ وﺑﻌﺖ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻳﺘﺎﺛﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﺮا ﻛﺒﻴﺮا ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ا الﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻴﺔ ﻟ ال س اﻟ ﻬ ﻴ ﺪ ر و ﺟ ﻴ ﻨ ﻲ ﻟﻌﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧﻮ ي اﻟ ﻤ ﺤ ﻀ ﺮ ا ﺿﺎﻓ ﺔ اﻟ ﻰ اﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤ ﺴﺘ ﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓ ﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮﺳﻴ ﺐ واﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺟﺪول رﻗﻢ (‪ .) ١‬ان ﻗﻴﻢ اال س اﻟﺤﺎﻣ ﻀﻲ واﻟﻘﺪ رة ﻟﻠ ﻌﻴﻨ ﻚ [‪ ] ١١٦‬ﻳﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻐﻴ ﺮ اﻟﻨ ﺴﺒﺔ اﻟ ﺤ ﺠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧ ﻮﻣﺘ ﺮ ي اﻟ ﻤ ﻀﺎ ف وﺑﺎﻟ ﻤﻘﺎ رﻧ ﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟ ﻤ ﻮا ﺻﻔ ﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟ ﺼ ال ﺣﻴ ﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺀ اﻟ ﺸ ﺮ ب ﻟ ﻮ ﺣ ﻆ ﺗﻮاﻓ ﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻴﺰ ﻳﺄ'ﻧﻴﺔ ﻟ ﻀ ﺐ ﺣ ﺠ ﻤﻴ ﺔ ﻟ ﻌﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ ﻣ ﺬ ر ‪ ) ٨٦! ٨٠٧‬ﻏﻴﺮ ان ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻟ ﻜ ﺪ رة ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻨﻤﺎذ ج ﺑ ﺴﺒ ﺐ ﻋﺪم ﻛﻔﺎﺀه اﻟ ﻄ ﺮﻳﻘ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﻌﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺒ ﺤ ﺚ ﻓ ﻲ ﺗ ﺼﻔﻴ ﺔ اﻟﻨﻤﺎذ ج ﻣ ﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺮواﺳ ﺐ ﻛ ﻤﺎﺗ ﺸﻴ ﺮ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ) ‪ (T.H‬ﻓ ﻲ ﺟﺪول ر ا)ل‪.[7,8‬‬

‫اﻟﺘ ﺮ ﺳﻴ ﺐ‬

‫‪ ١‬ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ا ﻋ ﻤﺎ ل اﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴ ﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻴ ﺢ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﻢ‬
‫ا ﻋ ﻤﺎ ل اﻟﺘ ﺨ ﺰﻳ ﻦ‬
‫واﻟﺘ ﻮ زﻳ ﻊ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ر‪ ) ١‬ﻳ ﻮ ﺿ ﺢ ﻣﺮا ﺣﻞ ﺗﻨﻘﻴﺔ وﺗﻌﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺀ اﻟ ﺸﺮ ب ﻓ ﻲ ﻣ ﻄ ﺎ ت ﺗ ﻮ زﻳ ﻊ اﻟ ﻤﻴﺎه‬

‫‪٣‬‬
 ‫ﻣ ﺎ ز ﺟ ﺔﺷﺐ رﻣﺪ‬
‫الﻣالت‬
‫‪/T‬‬ ‫ﻣ ﻀ ﺨ ﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺀ‬
‫ﻓﻢ‬ ‫‪0 = 2 0 0 M/H‬‬
‫ﺣ ﺼﻰ ‪ +‬رﻣﻞ‬

‫‪1‬ا‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫ﺣﻮض ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫‪١‬‬
‫و‬
‫‪٩‬‬
‫ﻓﻢ‬
‫ص ‪ +‬دﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎزﻇﺪر‬

‫‪r‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ر ؟ ا ﻣ ﺨ ﻄ ﻂ ﺗ ﻮ ﺿ ﻴ ﺤ ﻲ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺪة ﺗ ﺼﻔﻴﺔ وا ﺣﺪة‬

‫اﻟ ﺠﺪ و ل رﻗ ﻢ (‪ ) ٢‬و ( م ﻳ ﺸﻴﺮ اﻟ ﻰ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻔ ﺤ ﻮ ﺻﺎ ت اﻟﺒﺎﻳﻮﻟﻮ ﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻴﻨﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟ ﺠﺔ ﻟﻌﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎﻧ ﻮ ﻣﺘ ﺮ ي واﻟﺘ ﻲ ﺑ ﻤﻘﺎ رﻧﺘ ﻬﺎ ﻣ ﻊ اﻟ ﻤ ﻮا ﺻﻔ ﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎ ﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺎﺀ اﻟ ﺸ ﺮ ب ﻓﻴ ﺸﻴ ﺮ اﻟ ﻰ ﻧ ﺠﺎ ح ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟ ﻔ ﻀ ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ﻀﺎ ف ﺑ ﻀ ﺐ ﺣﺠﻤﻴﻪ (‪ )8ml-7‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﺮﻳﺎ ‪ coilform‬وﻛﺬﻟ ﻚ ‪fecal coilform‬‬
‫رم ‪]٩١ ١‬واﻧﺨﻔﺎ ض ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻘﺘ ﺮﻳﺎ اﻟﻤﺰروﻋﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ 56‬ﺑﻌﺪ ان ﻛﺎﻧ ﺖ ﺑﻘﻴﻢ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ jTNTO‬ان اﻟﺘﺎﺋﺜﻴﺮ اﻟ ﻤﺎﻳﻜ ﺮ وﺑﻴ ﻮﻟ ﻮ ﺟ ﻲ ال ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪام ﻋﺎﻟﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ ﻓ ﻲ ﺗﻌﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺎه اﻟ ﺸ ﺮ ب ﻛ ﻤﺎ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟ ﺠﺪ و ل‬
‫ﻣ ﻊ ا ﺧ ﺘ ال ف ﻧ ﺴ ﺐ ا ال ﺿﺎ ﻓ ﺔ اﻟ ﺤ ﺠ ﻤﻴ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟ ﻰ ﻓﺘﺮ ﻣ ﻦ ﻣﺎﺀ اﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﻓﺎ ن ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴ ﺮﻳﺎ‬ ‫رم‬ ‫رﻗﻢ‬
‫اﻟ ﻤ ﻌﺎﻟ ﺠ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻧ ﺨ ﻔﺎ ض وا ﺿ ﺢ ﻣ ﻊ ا ز دﻳﺎ د ﻧ ﺴﺒﺔ ا ال ﺿﺎ ﻓ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟ ﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧ ﻮ ﻣﺘ ﺮ ي ‪ ٠‬ﺗ ﺜ ﻴ ﺮ‬
‫اﻟ ﻔ ﺤ ﻮ ﺻﺎ ت اﻟﻜﻴ ﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ ﻛ ﻤﺎ ﻓ ﻲ ﺟ ﺪ و ل ( ‪ ) ٣‬ا ن ﺗ ﺮ ﻛﻴ ﺰ اﻟﻌﻨﺎ ﺻﺮ ‪ Ag ،0 a ،K ،Na،Mg‬اﻟ ﻤﺜﺎ ﺳ ﺔ‬
‫وإ‬ ‫ﺑﺄ ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪا م ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ا ال ﻣ ﺘ ﺼﺎ ص اﻟ ﻜﺘﻠ ﻲ ﺿ ﻤ ﻦ اﻟ ﺤﺪ ود اﻟ ﻤ ﺴ ﻤ ﻮ ﺣ ﺔ ﻣﻘﺎ رﻧ ﺔ ﺑﺎﻟ ﻤ ﻮا ﺻ ﻔ ﺔ اذﻗﻴﺎﺳﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ ics:13060 020،S :417:2009‬م‪ .‬ق‪ .‬ﻋ ﻲ< ة ‪ /‬ىﻣ ﺮ‬
‫واﻟ ﻤ ﺮ ﻛ ﺒﺎ ت اﻟ ال ﻋ ﻀ ﻮ ﻳ ﺔ ﻓﺎ ن ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣ ﻦ ﻣ ال ﺣ ﻈ ﺔ ﺟ ﺪ و ل ( ‪ ) ١‬اﻟﺬ ي ﻳ ﻤﺜ ﻞ ﻣ ﺠ ﻤ ﻮ ﻋ ﺔ اﻟ ﻔ ﺤ ﻮ ﺻﺎ ت اﻟﻔﻴ ﺰﻳﺎ وﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻴﺎه اﻟ ﺸ ﺮ ب‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ( ‪) ٤ ١ ٧‬‬ ‫ا ال س اﻟ ﺤﺎ ﻣ ﻀ ﻲ ﻟﻠﻨ ﻤﺎذ ج ﺿ ﻤ ﻦ اﻟ ﺤﺪ ود اﻟ ﻤ ﺴ ﻤ ﻮ ﺣ ﺔ وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠ ﻤ ﻮا ﺻﻔ ﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎ ﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫‪٩ S :417:2009‬؛ ‪ ،‬ه ^ ه ‪ ics :13060‬م‪ .‬ق‪ .‬ع ‪ ١٧‬؛ ‪٢ . . ٩/‬‬
‫ﻛ ﻤﺎ ﻟ ﻮ ﺣ ﻆ ا رﺗﻔﺎ ع ﻓ ﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻜﺪ رة ‪ ( ٠‬ﻏﺂ إلآﻣ ﺚ‪ 1‬رﻧ ﺔ ﺑﺎﻟ ﻤ ﻮا ﺻﻔ ﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺘ ﻲ الﺗﺘ ﺠﺎ و ز ﻋﻦ ‪ ٥‬و ﺣﺪة ﻓﺎ ن‬
‫ﻫﺬا ﻳ ﻌ ﺰ ى ﻟ ﻌ ﺪ م ﺗ ﺼ ﻔﻴ ﺔ وﺗ ﺮ ﺷﻴ ﺢ اﻟﻨ ﻤﺎذ ج ﺑﺎﻟ ﻄ ﺮ ق اﻟﻘﻴﺎ ﺳﻴﺔ اﻟ ﻤﺘ ﻌﺎ ر ف ﻃ ﻴ ﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟ ﻤ ﺤ ﻄﺎ ت ( ﻃ ﻴ ﻦ ‪+‬‬
‫رﻣ ﻞ) ﻟ ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ا ال ﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎ ﺟﺎ ت ;‬
‫اﻓﻠ ﻬ ﺮ ت ﻧﺘﺎﻧﺞ اﻟﻔﺤﻮ ﺻﺎ ت اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻟﺒﺎﻳﻮﻟﻮ ﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻤﺎذ ج ﻣ ﻦ ﻣﺎﺀ ﻧ ﻬﺮ دﺟﻠﺔ ‪ /‬ﻛ ﺮا د ة‬
‫اﻟ ﻤﻌﺎﻟ ﺠ ﺔ ﺑ ﻌ ﺎ ق اﻟ ﻔ ﻀ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻧﻮ ي ﻋﻠﻰ و ﺟ ﻮد ﺗﻮاﻓ ﻖ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﻟﻤ ﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ ال ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪاﻣ ﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺀ ﻟﻠ ﺸ ﺮ ب ﺷ ﺮ ط‬
‫ﻟ ﻐ ﺮ ض اﻟﺘ ﺨﻠ ﺺ ﻣ ﻦ اﻟ ﻌ ﻮاﻟ ﻖ اﻟﺬاﺗﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟ ﻔ الﻟ ﺮ ؤ ر ﻣ ﻞ‪ +‬ﻃ ﻴ ﻦ)‬ ‫اﻧﻪ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣ ﻌﺎﻟ ﺠ ﺔ اﻟ ﻜ ﺪ ر ة ﺑﺎ ﺳﺘ ﺨﺪا م‬

‫‪٤‬‬
 ‫و ﻏﻴ ﺮ اﻟﺬاﺗﻴﺔ‪ ,‬ﻛ ﻤﺎ ا ﻇ ﻬ ﺮ ت ﻧﺘﺎﻧﺞ اﻟﻔﺤﺪص اﻟ ﻤﺎﻳﻜ ﺮ وﺑﺎﻳ ﻮﻟ ﻮ ﺟ ﻲ ﻣ ﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﺎﻟ ﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴ ﻞ ﻧ ﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻘﺔ ﻓ ﻰ ﻣﺎﺀ اﻟ ﺸ ﺮ ب‬
‫و ش اﻟﻤﻤﻜ ﻦ ا ﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻖ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟ ﻤ ﺮا ﺣ ﻞ االﺧﻴﺮة ﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﻗﺒ ﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘ ﻮزﻳ ﻊ ﻟ ﻐ ﺮ ض‬
‫اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ اﻟ ﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺪ ﻋﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺎه اﻟ ﺸ ﺮ ب ﺑ ﻤ ﻀﺎد ﺣﻴ ﻮ ي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗ ﺮ ﻓ ﻴ ﺢ ا ﺧﺪرة ﻟ ﻐ ﺮﺗ ﺲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫‪l ' m \\ \ \ \ * * .‬‬

‫اﻗﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﻟﻐ ﺮدﻧ ﻰ ﺗﻔﺎد ي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻛﻢ ﻓ ﻲ ﺷﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻄﻢ ا الﻧ ﺴﺎ ن ﺟ ﺮا ﺀ اال ﺳﺘﻬ ال ك‬
‫اﻟﻴﻮﻣ ﻲ وﻫﺬا ﻣﺠﺎل اﺧﺮ ﻳﺤﺘﺎ ج اﻟﻰ اﻟﺚ‪.‬را ﻧﻤﺪة وﻣﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺤﻮ ث‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ر ‪ } ١‬اﻟ ﺨ ﺼﺎﺋ ﺺ اﻟ ﻔﻴ ﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ ﻟ ﻌﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟ ﻤﺎ ﺀ اﻟ ﻤ ﻌ ﻘ ﻤ ﺔ ﺑﺎﻟ ﻔ ﻀ ﺔ‬

‫‪sa m p les‬‬ ‫‪ph‬‬ ‫‪Cond.‬‬ ‫‪Turb.‬‬ ‫‪ppm‬‬
‫‪uS/ml‬‬ ‫‪Ntu‬‬ ‫‪s o 4 Alka‬‬ ‫‪CL‬‬ ‫‪TDS‬‬ ‫‪TSS‬‬ ‫‪no‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪no‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪T.H‬‬
‫‪l‬؛ ‪A g 7 m‬‬ ‫‪7.88‬‬ ‫‪997‬‬ ‫‪8-1‬‬ ‫‪280‬‬ ‫!‪Nil‬‬ ‫‪56.8‬‬ ‫‪424‬‬ ‫‪526‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪4.85‬‬ ‫‪320‬‬
‫‪A g7.5m il‬‬ ‫‪7.87‬‬ ‫‪990‬‬ ‫‪7.6‬‬ ‫‪310‬‬ ‫)‪Nil‬‬ ‫‪56.8‬‬ ‫‪766‬‬ ‫!‪Nil‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪4.81‬‬ ‫‪312‬‬
‫‪A g8m il‬‬ ‫‪7.91‬‬ ‫‪992‬‬ ‫‪6.5‬‬ ‫‪320‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪56.8‬‬ ‫‪722‬‬ ‫‪140‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪4.92‬‬ ‫‪316‬‬
‫‪A g7.5‬‬ ‫‪7.73‬‬ ‫‪955‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪7-30‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪542‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪316‬‬
‫‪mil after‬‬
‫‪filtration‬‬
‫‪A g8 mil‬‬ ‫‪7.61‬‬ ‫‪1060‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪382‬‬ ‫‪324‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪Ni)l‬‬
‫‪after‬‬
‫‪filtration‬‬
‫‪Ag7.5‬‬ ‫‪7.85‬‬ ‫‪1050‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪800‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪57‬‬ ‫‪50‬‬ ‫‪450‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪320‬‬
‫‪before‬‬
‫‪filtration‬‬
‫‪7.89‬‬ ‫‪1060‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪750‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪43‬‬ ‫‪232‬‬ ‫‪288‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫‪Nill‬‬ ‫ص‬
‫‪before‬‬
‫‪filtration‬‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫ا ﻟ ﻜ ﻴ ﻤ ﻴ ﺎ ﺋ ﻴ ﺔ ﻟ ﺘ ﻤ ﺎ ذ ج اﻟ ﻤﺎ ﺀ ا ﻟ ﻤ ﻌ ﻘ ﻢ ﺑ ﺎ ﻟ ﻔ ﻀ ﺔ ﻗﻴ ﻞ و ﺑ ﺪ ال‪ 1‬ز ﺳ ﻴ ﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﺪ و ل ‪ ) ٢١‬ﻗ ﻴ ﻢ ﺗ ﺮ ا ﻛ ﻴ ﺰ ا ﻟ ﻌ ﻨ ﺎ ﺻ ﺮ‬

‫‪S a m p le‬‬ ‫‪C a/p p m‬‬ ‫‪K/ppm‬‬ ‫‪Na/ppm‬‬ ‫‪M g/ppm‬‬ ‫‪A g/p p m‬‬
‫‪ before filtration‬اص ‪7 1‬‬ ‫‪60.2.2‬‬ ‫‪0.039‬‬ ‫‪57.09‬‬ ‫‪31.16‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬
‫‪7mil after filtration‬‬ ‫‪61.1‬‬ ‫‪0.02‬‬ ‫‪58.5‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬
‫‪7.5mil after filtration‬‬ ‫‪6363‬‬ ‫‪0.11‬‬ ‫‪50‬‬ ‫‪31.16‬‬ ‫‪0.159‬‬
‫‪7.5mil before filtration‬‬ ‫‪67.04‬‬ ‫‪0.034‬‬ ‫‪53.39‬‬ ‫‪ 8‬ق‪3 4 .‬‬ ‫‪0.29‬‬
‫‪8mil before filtration‬‬ ‫‪52-27‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪50.66‬‬ ‫‪30.82‬‬ ‫‪0.21‬‬
‫‪8 mil after‬‬ ‫‪69.31‬‬ ‫‪0.044‬‬ ‫‪50.61‬‬ ‫‪34.58‬‬ ‫‪0.15‬‬
‫‪filtration‬‬
 ‫ﺟﺪول ر"اإ اﻟﻔﺤﻮﺻﺎت اﻟﺒﺎﻳﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺀ اﻟﻤﻌﻘﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻔ ﻀﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ و ﻳ ﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺢ‬
sa m p les T otal count conform
coliform
normal TNTC 35 +ve
Before filtration normal TNTC 24 +ve
7mil
Before filtration normal TNTC 20 +ve
7.5mil

Before filtration 8 m ‫؛‬l ™ tc 18 +ve

After filtration 7 A g TNTC 0.0 N
After filtration 7.5 A g 74 0.0 N

After filtration 8mil A g 56 0.0 N

‫اﻟﻤ ﺼﺎدر‬
1-Jones SA, Bowler ? ٥ , Walker M,Parsons D, , Controlling wound
bio burden with a novel silver - containing hydrofiber dressing ,
Wound Repair Regen, 12(3):228-94, 2004
2-Jun S. K. , £unye kuk , Kyeong N. , ‫ ر‬. k. , Sung ‫ ر‬. p.,
et.al.Antimicrobial effects of silver nano partials ,Nano medicine ,
Bilogy and Medicine 3,95-11, ,(2007),
3-Aymonier c , Schlotterbeck u ,Antonietti L , Zacharias p ,
Thomann R , Tiller JC ,e t. of. ,Hybrids of Silver nano particles with a
mphiplilic hyper branched macromolecules exhibiting antimicrobial
properties, chem.. Commum (Camb), 24 :3018,2002
‫ ؛‬-Catauro M , Raucci MG , De Gaetano FD , Marotta A . Anti-
bacterial and bioactive silver - containing Na^o X CaO X 2Si02 glass
prepared by sol-gel method .j.Mater Sci. Mater.Med.,15(7):83-2004.
5-Savage, Nora, Manrodou S ., Diallo, Nan materials and water
purification : Opportunities and challenges , Nanopart.Res . 7(4-
5):331-342, 2000,.
6-Beden j. s., Dambus 1. H., Atiyah I.R., "The £ft،ciency of
Contaminated^ Water Treatment Using a Nano-Colloidal Silver
^chnique"IN FIN ITCEN G Y *ISSU E,105• SEPTEMBER
/OCTOBER 2012
7-Benn T M , W ester h o ff p, , N anoparticle silver released into water
from co m m ercia lly available sock fabrics , E n viron . S ci .
^ c h n o lo g y ,4 2 :4 133-4139. Erratum in: E n viro n ^ ٥‫؛‬ T e ch n o lo g y
.4 2 :7 0 2 5 -7 0 2 6 ,2 0 0 8 .
8-Crabtree J.H , Burchette R J, S id d iq i ^ ٨ . Huen IT , Handott L L ,
Fish m an A , The efficacy o f $ilver-ion implanted catheters in reducing
peritoneal d ialysis - related infections , Peril D ia l Int . , 23 (4) :368-
74; 2 0 0 3 .
9-M iran da, K im , H u ll, et.al Changes in B lo o d lead levels A ssociated
w ith use o fch lo ra m in e s in water Treatment Systems, 2007,.
10-S,Phung L T , , Bacterial heavy metal resistance, new surprises
.A n n u R ev. M ic r o b io l,50:753-89, 1996.
11-Zha G , Sterens JrS E . , M u ltip le parameters for the
* evaluation o f the susceptibility o f Escherichia coli to
the silver ion , Bim etals , 1 1 : 27-32 1998.