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Instruction Manual HFU-Toray
Instruction Manual HFU-Toray
I. Introduction .................................................................................................. 1
V. Installation .................................................................................................. 14
1. Filtration .................................................................................................. 17
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operating conditions.
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II. For Your Safety
Please be sure to read and follow the instructions below before using HFU
series. This manual should be retained for future reference.
Follow the safety precautions as they are intended to protect operators and
equipment from various risks such as physical harm and/or property
damage. The following table shows a level of potential risk for each
indicated symbol.
“Prohibited”
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“Instruction”
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1. Safety Instruction for Unpacking and Installation
Be sure to wear safety gear such as rubber gloves and safety glasses
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Instruction
for unpacking. The membrane is packaged in sodium hypochlorite
solution (100 mg/L). If the solution happens to splash onto the skin,
wash the affected part with running water. If the solution happens to
get in the eyes or mouth, wash the affected part with sufficient amounts
of clean running water for more than 15 minutes and see the doctor
immediately.
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Be sure to wear safety gear such as a helmet and safety shoes to avoid
injury.
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Housing type joints are applied for connecting the modules of HFU-
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Instruction
2020AN or HFU-1020AN to the piping. Follow the instruction of the
Housing Type Joints Set-up Guide at the connection point. Wrong
connections may damage the modules.
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Be sure to install the modules vertically for effective air scrubbing.
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2. Safety Instruction for Filtration Operation
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Instruction
Flush all the piping out with clean water and make sure no debris is
remaining in the piping prior to connecting the modules.
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drained out before starting the filtration operation.
chemical is harmful to humans.
The preservative
Flush the modules at low pressure, filling from the bottom, and vent to
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Instruction
remove any air from the modules. Air left in the modules may cause
water hammer and may result in damage to the membrane.
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Prior to use, make certain modules are flushed.
be drained unless it meets the required quality.
Filtrate water should
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Instruction
Protect modules from direct sunlight and ultraviolet light.
light can degrade module housing and membranes.
Ultraviolet
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Instruction
number of particles during filtration, and stop the operation if abnormal
water quality is detected.
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Do not exceed the maximum applicable pressure of 300 kPa (43.5 PSI).
Higher pressures can damage the modules. Do not exceed the
Prohibited maximum temperature of 40 degree C (104 degree F). The higher
temperature damages the modules.
The operating conditions, including the filtration flux and the periodical
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Instruction
physical cleaning, must be properly set-up otherwise the trans-
membrane pressure may rise too quickly. The operation range is
described in the latter section of this manual.
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Instruction
the membranes and/or shortens the membrane life.
The air flow rate should be within the range below for each module type.
The maximum required air pressure during the air-scrubbing for inside
of the module will be 40 kPa (6 PSI).
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Instruction
Air Flow (DAF) Test, keep the air pressure below 130 kPa (18.9 PSI).
Keep the source air pressure lower than 200 kPa (29 PSI), to prevent
excess air inflow. All the air used for air scrubbing and integrity testing
must be dry oil-free air.
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3. Safety Instruction for Chemical Cleaning
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cleaning. Wear the safety gear such as safety glasses and protective
gloves. If chemicals come in direct contact with your skin or your
clothes, treat the contacted part appropriately based on the SDS.
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Instruction
Stop operation whenever any anomaly occurs with the equipment or
any signs of an anomaly are observed.
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latter section of this manual. Otherwise you may damage the modules
or negatively affect the membrane performance.
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4. Safety Instruction for Disposal
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Instruction
disposing company. When the module is to be incinerated, please
apply the appropriate facilities in which hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas can
be neutralized. HF gas is generated with the incineration of
membrane.
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III. Specifications of Toray "HFU series" Membrane Module
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Table 3. Cleaning limits *1)
Cleaning pH Range 0 – 12
0 – 40 degree C
Cleaning Temperature Range
(32 – 104 degree F)
Maximum Concentration of NaClO as Cl2 3,000 mg/L (10 < pH < 12)
Maximum NaClO Exposure
1,000,000 mg/L hours
(lifetime contact time) as Cl2
Maximum Acid Contact Time 1,000 hours (pH > 0)
*1): Please note that the specifications are subject to changes from time to time.
*1): Please note that the specifications are subject to changes from time to time.
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Handle and operate the modules within the ranges
and the limits indicated in Table 1 to 4. Operation
out of these ranges or limits may damage the
modules, and affect filtration performance.
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IV. Configuration of Toray "HFU series" Membrane Module (type AN)
Connections
Pipe fitting outer
diameter Connectors
mm (in)
Housing type
(1) 89.1 (3 1/2”)
joint 80A
Housing type
(2) 76.3 (3”)
joint 65A
Housing type
(3) 89.1 (3 1/2”)
joint 80A
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V. Installation
4. Put the module vertically on the pedestal in the module rack. Fix the module
upright with the hanging hook and/or the supporting belt (see Fig. 3).
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Be careful not to install the module upside down.
Confirm the module is installed in the right
direction.
Do not overtighten the module with the hanging
hook and/or the supporting belt, or you may
damage the module.
Do not allow the hollow fiber membranes to dry
even for a few hours, especially in summer.
Do not freeze the module.
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5. Connect the piping to each connection point of the module with Housing type
joints (HFU-2020AN, HFU-1020AN) (see Fig. 4). The maximum fastening
power of the Housing type joints should not exceed 40 Nm. When you
tighten or loosen the Housing type joints, make certain to maintain sufficient
space prior to the work and be careful not to be wounded by swinging out or
clipping your fingers.
6. Air inject should be located just beneath the bottom nozzle of the module to
inlet air completely to the module. Please refer to the below photos. Also, a
check valve is necessary to the air piping to avoid water reverse flow.
Good location for air inject Poor location for air inject
Good location for check valve
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VI. Operation
1. Filtration
(1) Check that all piping is connected appropriately and flushed out prior to the
operation. Fig. 4 shows a typical example of piping.
(2) Make sure the feed water valve (V-1), the drainage valve (V-3) and the valve
for the scrubbing air (V-2) are “closed”.
(3) Make sure the filtrate water line is open. Open the air exhaust valve (V-4).
(4) Gradually open the feed water valve (V-1) and charge the feed water to the
module to purge any air out.
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Do not open the feed water valve (V-1) quickly, or
water-hammer may occur and the module could
be damaged.
(5) Confirm that the air is out of the module, and then close the air exhaust valve
(V-4).
(7) When stopping operation, gradually close the feed water valve (V-1).
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2. Backwash and Air-scrubbing
The physical cleaning with backwash followed by air-scrubbing should be carried
out periodically and automatically for the continuous filtration. The frequency of
the physical cleaning mainly depends on the raw water quality (Typical frequency
is once every 30 minutes normally for surface water filtration. Please contact us
if you need technical support.). Fig. 5 shows a typical example of the flow
diagram for backwash and air-scrubbing. Do not carry out the backwash and
the air-scrubbing simultaneously since it may damage the membrane.
(1) Close the feed water valve (V-1) and stop the feed water pump.
(3) Close the filtrate water valve (V-5) and open the backwashing valve (V-6) to
feed back the filtrate water from the backwashing tank to the membrane
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module. During backwash, chemical feed pump can be operated to dose
chemical to the backwash water. The dosing chemical is usually sodium
hypochlorite and the dosing ratio should be up to 50 mg/L as Cl2.
The flow rate of backwash water is set up in advance for 1.0 to 1.5 times
filtrate water flow rate (Do not exceed Max. Backwash Flow described in
Table 4).
(5) Open the air exhaust valve (V-4) and the air-scrubbing valve (V-2) for air-
scrubbing for a fixed time (normally 30 seconds, up to 60 seconds).
(6) Close the air-scrubbing valve (V-2) and open the drainage valve (V-3).
(7) Close the drainage valve (V-3) after the water is all drained out.
(8) Run the feed water pump and open the feed water valve (V-1).
(9) Close the air exhaust valve (V-4) after the air is purged from the module.
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Constantly monitor filtrate water quality during
filtration, and stop the operation if abnormal water
quality is detected. If abnormal water quality is
detected, check the integrity of the element with
PDT (Pressure Decay Test) or DAF (Diffusive Air
Flow) Test. The test procedure is provided as the
technical information by Toray.
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3. Toray Maintenance Cleaning
Instead of chemical dosing for every backwash, soaking the membrane to
chemical solution several tens of minutes a day is also effective for membrane
performance retention. This process is called Toray Maintenance Cleaning
(TMC). The TMC is usually held following the backwash and air-scrubbing
which does not contain the chemical dosing. The frequency and soaking time
of the TMC mainly depends on the raw water quality (Normally once a day and
each soaking time are 20 minutes. Please contact us if you need technical
support.). Fig. 6 shows a typical example of flow diagram for the TMC.
(2) Open the backwashing valve (V-6), run the NaClO feed pump and the
backwashing pump to feed the chemical enhanced backwash water to the
membrane module.
The flow rate of backwash water is set up in advance for 1.0 to 1.5 times
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filtrate water flow rate (Do not exceed Max. Backwash Flow described in
Table 4).
(3) As soon as the NaClO is detected in the drainage water, close the drainage
valve (V-3).
(4) After making sure water comes out from upper part of the side nozzle of the
membrane module, stop the NaClO feed pump, close the backwashing valve
(V-6) and stop the backwashing pump.
(5) Soak the membrane in the chemical for a fixed time (normally 20 minutes).
And then, open the air-scrubbing valve (V-2) for a fixed time (normally 60
seconds).
(6) Close the air-scrubbing valve (V-2), open the drainage valve (V-3) to drain
the chemical from the membrane module.
(7) Close the drainage valve (V-3), and then open the backwashing valve (V-6)
and run the backwashing pump (normally 30 seconds). Stop the
backwashing pump and close the backwashing valve (V-6), and then open
the air-scrubbing valve (V-2) (normally 30 seconds). Repeat this procedure
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until the overflow water meets the required water quality.
(8) Repeat the process of (6) to (7) until the overflow water meets the required
water quality.
(9) Make sure the air-scrubbing valve (V-2) and the backwashing valve (V-6) are
“closed” and the backwashing pump is “stopped”.
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4. Basic Trans-Membrane Pressure Calculation
To calculate accurate Trans-Membrane Pressure (TMP), it is necessary to involve
the height difference of inlet and outlet pressure gauges.
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5. Temperature Correction Factor
The permeability of the membrane is influenced by temperature mainly because
the water viscosity changes with temperature. When you evaluate the
permeability correctly, you need to eliminate the temperature effect with the
temperature correction factor (TCF) shown in Fig. 7.
1.6
1.4
1.2
温度補正係数 (-)
Temperature 1.0
correction 0.8
factor 0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 10 20 30 40
Feed water temperature
膜供給水温度 (℃)
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VII. Chemical Cleaning
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Fig. 8 Flow diagram for chemical cleaning
(1) The flow diagram for cleaning simultaneously both outer surface and inside
of hollow fiber membranes is shown in Fig. 8. The flow diagram can be
changed case by case. Please contact us if you need the information in
detail.
(2) Open the chemical return valve and then open the chemical feed valve.
(3) Run the chemical feed pump to start the circulation of chemical and then open
the chemical permeate valve to have the chemical permeate through the
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membrane.
(6) Drain the chemical and rinse the cleaning line and the module thoroughly with
product water.
(7) The standard conditions for chemical cleaning are shown in Table 5.
The concentration and the circulation time shown in Table 5 should be
observed. Otherwise the membrane module may get damaged and/or
the life of membrane may be shortened.
The circulation flow rate for each type of the module is as follows.
3,000 mg/L
Organic substances Sodium hypochlorite as chlorine 1-3
(10 < pH < 12)
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*6): Besides citric acid, hydrochloric acid (with the maximum concentration of 1.0 mol/L),
oxalic acid (with the maximum concentration of 1.0 wt%), sulfuric acid (with the
maximum concentration of 0.05 mol/L) and nitric acid (with the maximum
concentration of 0.1 mol/L) are acceptable.
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The chemical cleaning should be done at least once a year.
Otherwise the module filtration performance could be reduced.
Instruction
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VIII. Storage of Membrane Module
If the suspension lasts for four days to less than eight days, fill the module
with the chemical described in Table 6. Use filtrate quality water. Keep the
modules at 0 to 40 degree C.
Table 6 Conditions for storing membrane modules for less than eight days
Concentration of the
Maximum Storage Period Chemical
Chemical
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(2) Long term storage
First carry out a chemical cleaning with sodium hypochlorite. Fill the module
with the chemical described in Table 7. Use filtrate quality water. Follow
the instructions shown in Table 7.
Keep the modules sealed with the aqueous chemical solution shown in Table
6 or Table 7. If removing modules from the system, seal them and store out
of direct sunlight. Keep the modules at 0 to 40 degree C.
Table 7 Conditions for storing membrane modules for more than seven days
Concentration of the
Storage Period Preservative Chemical
Chemical
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This Instruction Manual does not intend to guarantee the results of application of the
information provided herein or the safety and the compatibility of this product.
Before using this product, the user is asked to check for its safety and compatibility
with the intended purpose.
The content of this Instruction Manual is subject to revision from time to time.
Unauthorized use or reproduction of this manual is forbidden.
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