FESTIVAL POLLUTION

A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE

SHIVAJI UNIVERSITY, KOLHAPUR

FOR THE AWARD OF

B.C.A (PART II)

IN

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Under the faculty of Computer Application

BY

MR BHAGAT VAIBHAV SUNIL

Under the Guidance of

MR. PRAVIN PHALAKE

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES ADARSH

COLLEGE VITA

2023-2024

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled “ Festival pollutio”

completed and written by me has not previously formed the basis for the award of any
degree or diploma or other similar title in any College or University or Examining body.

Place : - Vita

Sr.
no Name of Student PNR no. Roll No. Sign
1 56
PAWAR GAURAV HEMANT 2022010272
2 04
BHANDALKAR SAIRAJ UMESH 2022010178
3 42
MOHITE ROHAN MANOHAR 2022010271

4 BHAGAT VAIBHAV SUNIL 2022010277 03

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to express deep sense of gratitude to my research guide Mr. Pravin S. Phalake
for his continuous encouragement been interested and personal guidance during the entire
period of study.

I feel highly indebted to Hon. Principal Dr. B. G. Kore for

motivation and support. I also thankful to teaching faculty of all departments of Adarsh
College Vita, I would like to express thanks to non-teaching staff for their constant support
for completing the project work.

This project could not been possible without the help and support of my parents and
friends who have provided significant cooperation during project work.

Sr.
no Name of Student PNR no. Roll No. Sign
1 56
PAWAR GAURAV HEMANT 2022010272
2 04
BHANDALKAR SAIRAJ UMESH 2022010178
3 42
MOHITE ROHAN MANOHAR 2022010271

4 BHAGAT VAIBHAV SUNIL 2022010277 03

3
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that, the project entitled “Festival Pollution” which being submitted to
herewith for award of the Bachelor of Computer Application(Part II) in Environmental
Studies at Adarsh College, vita of Shivaji
University, Kolhapur is result of original research work completed BHAGAT VAIBHAV
SUNILunder my supervision and guidance and the best of my knowledge and belief. The
work embodied in this report has not formed earlier the basis for the award of any degree
or similar title of this or any other university or examining during the academic year 2023-
24
PLACE: ADARSH COLLEGE, VITA

DATE:

Project Guide
Mr. Pravin S. Phalake

Forwarded through,

Principal,

Adarsh College, Vita

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SR.NO CONTENTS PAGE NO

1 Introduction 6

2 information 7

3 Diwali 9

4 Holi 10

5 Ganesh Chaturthi 11
6 Durga Puja 12
7 Eid 13
8 Onam 14

9 Conclusion 19

10 Refrence 20

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 FESTIVAL POLLUTION

Festival pollution, an increasingly pressing concern in today's world,

embodies the environmental challenges stemming from various
celebrations and cultural events worldwide. Festivals, while joyous
occasions symbolizing tradition, community, and festivity, often leave
behind a significant environmental footprint. From large-scale gatherings
like music festivals to religious and cultural celebrations, these events
generate a multitude of pollutants that can harm ecosystems, wildlife, and
human health. This form of pollution encompasses various aspects,
including noise pollution, air pollution from fireworks and bonfires, water
pollution from waste disposal, and the extensive consumption of resources
like water and energy. As global awareness of environmental issues grows,
so does the scrutiny of festival practices, prompting calls for more
sustainable approaches to these cherished events. Addressing festival
pollution requires a multi-faceted approach involving event organizers,
attendees, policymakers, and local communities to minimize the
environmental impact while preserving the cultural significance and
enjoyment of these festivities

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MORE INFORMATION

Plastic Pollution: One of the most significant contributors to festival

pollution is the use of single-use plastics such as cups, plates, cutlery,
and packaging. These items often end up littering the festival grounds or
being improperly disposed of, leading to pollution of land and water
bodies. Plastic pollution poses serious threats to wildlife through
ingestion and entanglement and can persist in the environment for
hundreds of years.

Food Waste: Festivals often involve the sale and consumption of large
quantities of food, leading to substantial food waste. Uneaten food, food
scraps, and packaging contribute to landfill waste and greenhouse gas
emissions as organic matter decomposes anaerobically, releasing
methane—a potent greenhouse gas.

Energy Use and Emissions: The energy required to power stages,

lighting, sound systems, and other infrastructure at festivals can be
substantial. If this energy comes from non-renewable sources such as
fossil fuels, it contributes to carbon emissions and exacerbates climate
change. Additionally, transportation to and from festivals, especially by
cars and buses, can further increase carbon emissions and air pollution.

Water Contamination: Festivals held near water bodies or in natural

environments can result in water contamination through various means.
Spills of fuel, chemicals, or waste materials can pollute water sources
directly, while runoff from festival grounds can carry pollutants such as
fertilizers, pesticides, and litter into rivers, lakes, and oceans, harming
aquatic ecosystems.

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Air Quality Degradation: Activities like fireworks displays, bonfires, and
burning of incense or candles can release pollutants into the air,
including particulate matter, heavy metals, and volatile organic
compounds. Poor air quality resulting from festival activities can have
adverse effects on respiratory health, especially for individuals with pre-
existing conditions like asthma.

Festival pollution happens when celebrations and events create a big

mess for the environment. Imagine a big party where everyone is having
fun, but all the food wrappers, plastic cups, and decorations end up
scattered everywhere. That's just the start. Festivals often use a lot of
energy for lights, music, and other stuff, which can add to climate
change. Plus, fireworks and bonfires can make the air dirty with smoke
and chemicals. Sometimes, festivals held near water can make the water
dirty too, because of all the trash and chemicals that get washed into
rivers and lakes. Even the noise from festivals can bother animals and
people who live nearby. All of this pollution can harm wildlife, make
people sick, and damage the environment. So, it's important for festivals
to find ways to party without making a mess! That means using less
plastic, being careful with energy, and cleaning up properly afterward.

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 Diwali

Diwali, also known as the Festival of Lights, is celebrated with great

fervor across India.
One of the most significant sources of pollution during Diwali is air
pollution caused by the bursting of firecrackers.
The chemicals released from firecrackers contribute to air pollution,
exacerbating respiratory problems and causing discomfort to humans
and animals alike.
Additionally, the disposal of firecracker waste contributes to
environmental pollution, particularly in water bodies and landfills.

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 Holi:

Holi, the festival of colors, marks the arrival of spring and the triumph of
good over evil.
One of the main environmental concerns during Holi is water pollution
caused by the excessive use of synthetic colors.
These colors often contain harmful chemicals like lead and mercury,
which can contaminate water sources and harm aquatic life.
Furthermore, the wastage of water during Holi celebrations adds to the
strain on water resources, particularly in regions facing water scarcity.

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 GANESH CHATURTHI

Ganesh Chaturthi is a Hindu festival celebrating the birth of Lord

Ganesha, the remover of obstacles.
One of the significant environmental issues associated with Ganesh
Chaturthi is water pollution caused by the immersion of plaster-of-Paris
idols in water bodies.
These idols are often painted with toxic chemicals that leach into the
water, posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems.
Additionally, the use of non-biodegradable materials like thermocol for
decorations adds to the environmental impact.

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 Durga Puja

Durga Puja is a major Hindu festival celebrating the victory of Goddess

Durga over the demon Mahishasura.
One of the environmental concerns during Durga Puja is the
immersion of idols made of non-biodegradable materials like
plaster-of-Paris and synthetic paints.
The immersion of these idols in rivers and water bodies leads to
water pollution and adversely affects aquatic life.
Furthermore, the construction of pandals (temporary structures) for
idol worship often involves cutting down trees, contributing to
deforestation and habitat loss.

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 Navratri

Navratri is a nine-night Hindu festival dedicated to the worship of the

goddess Durga in her various forms.
Environmental concerns during Navratri include noise pollution
from loudspeakers and music played during festivities, which can
disturb both humans and wildlife.
Additionally, the use of disposable plastic plates, cups, and utensils
during community feasts generates plastic waste that pollutes the
environment.
Promoting eco-friendly alternatives and reducing the use of single-
use plastics can help mitigate these environmental impacts.

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 Eid-ul-Fitr

Eid-ul-Fitr, also known as the Festival of Breaking the Fast, marks the
end of Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting.
Environmental concerns during Eid-ul-Fitr include food waste generated
from lavish feasts and celebrations.
The disposal of excess food contributes to landfill pollution and attracts
pests, posing sanitation problems in urban areas.
Encouraging responsible consumption and donation of surplus food to
those in need can help reduce food waste during Eid celebrations

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 ONAM

Onam is a harvest festival celebrated in the Indian state of Kerala,

marking the return of the mythical King Mahabali.
One of the environmental issues associated with Onam is the pollution
caused by the burning of agricultural waste, such as crop residues and
coconut husks.
The practice of burning agricultural residues leads to air pollution,
affecting air quality and human health.
Promoting sustainable agricultural practices like composting and
recycling of agricultural waste can help mitigate this form of pollution.

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 PONGAL

Pongal is a Tamil harvest festival celebrated in South India, particularly

in the state of Tamil Nadu.
Environmental concerns during Pongal include air pollution from the
burning of old materials, such as clothes and wood, in traditional
bonfires.
The smoke generated from these bonfires contributes to air pollution and
can exacerbate respiratory problems, especially in urban areas.
Encouraging the use of eco-friendly alternatives and promoting
awareness about the harmful effects of bonfire smoke can help reduce
pollution during Pongal celebrations

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 BIHU

Bihu is a festival celebrated with fervor in the Indian state of Assam,

marking the Assamese New Year and the onset of the agricultural
season.
Environmental concerns during Bihu include deforestation and habitat
loss due to the clearing of land for traditional cultivation practices like
jhum (slash-and-burn agriculture).
The conversion of forested areas into agricultural land disrupts
ecosystems, leading to loss of biodiversity and soil erosion.
Promoting sustainable farming techniques and afforestation efforts can
help mitigate the environmental impact of traditional agricultural
practices associated with Bihu.

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CONCLUSION

in conclusion, festival pollution poses significant environmental

challenges that arise from large-scale gatherings and celebrations. The
impacts of festival pollution span across various dimensions, including
waste generation, air and water pollution, energy consumption, and noise
disturbance. Plastic waste, food waste, carbon emissions, and water
contamination are among the key contributors to environmental
degradation associated with festivals.

Mitigating festival pollution requires a concerted effort from event

organizers, local authorities, vendors, and attendees. Implementing
sustainable practices such as reducing single-use plastics, minimizing
food waste, adopting renewable energy sources, and promoting eco-
friendly transportation options are essential steps toward reducing the
environmental footprint of festivals. Additionally, strict environmental
regulations, effective waste management strategies, and public
awareness campaigns play crucial roles in fostering responsible behavior
and promoting environmental stewardship among all stakeholders.

By recognizing the environmental impacts of festivals and adopting

proactive measures to address them, we can work towards creating more
sustainable and environmentally-friendly celebrations that preserve our
natural resources and promote the well-being of both people and the
planet.

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REFRENCE :

https://www.google.com/search?q=festival+pollution+information

The Environmental Impact of Festivals and Events: A Research Review"

by Emma R. L. Johnson, Paul G. C. White, and Adrian C. Newton. This
review article provides an overview of the environmental impacts
associated with festivals and events, including pollution, waste
generation, and resource consumption.

"Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Events: Literature Review"

by Helen Goworek, Ana Gravato, and Gary Graham. This literature
review examines various studies and research findings related to the
environmental impacts of events, including festivals, and offers insights
into methods for assessing and mitigating these impacts.

"Environmental Management of Large Festivals and Events" edited by

Alana Boland and Mick Blowfield. This book explores the
environmental management practices and strategies employed by large
festivals and events worldwide, including case studies and best practices
for reducing pollution and promoting sustainability.

"Greening Festivals and Events: A Guide to Best Practice" by Professor

Joe Goldblatt, Dr. Kirsten Holmes, Dr. L. J. Lee, Dr. Richard Evans, and
Dr. Leo Jago. This guidebook offers practical advice and
recommendations for event organizers on how to minimize the

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environmental impact of festivals and events, including strategies for
reducing pollution and waste.

Websites and reports from environmental organizations such as the

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), World Wildlife Fund (WWF),
and Greenpeace may also provide valuable information and resources on
the topic of festival pollution and its impacts on the environment.

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