SYSTEM MAINTENANCE

Chapter 1:
PC OVERVIEW AND MAINTENANCE
COMPUTER EQUIPMENT

Lecturer: Pham Thi Mien

Department: Information Technology
 Chapter 1:
PC OVERVIEW AND MAINTENANCE
COMPUTER EQUIPMENT

Content
Overview of PC computers
Outline of computer architecture
Software organization
The main components of the computer
1.1 PC overview

Process of computer operation:

Input.
Process information
Output
Computer development history
 1642: Bailse Pascal
Build a Pascaline
machine that can do 2
calculations (+) & (-)
 1671: Gottfried Leibniz
builds a Stepped
Reckone that can
calculations (+), (-), (*),
(/)
 1842: Charles Babbage
builds calculator: a
differential, automatic
and program
Computer development history
 Computer development history

1st generation
(1946-1955)
 Computer ENIAC
ENIAC shut down in the evening
October 2, 1955

 Computer Von Neumann

 Computer development history

2st generation (1956-1965)

 Computer development history

3st generation (1966-1980)

 Appear IC: Integrated Circuit.

 Integrated Circuit SSI: Small Scale

Integration

 Multilayer printed circuit board

 Semiconductor Memory

 Multi-program calculator
IC: Integrated Circuit.
 Split time operating system
 Computer development history

4st generation (after 1981)

Integrated Circuit LSI: Large Scale Integration

IC: Integrated Circuit.

Computer development history

Current is 5st generation

1.2. Outline of computer architecture
1.3. Software organization

Software?
System software?
Application software?
Compiler
1.4. Main components of a computer
Case

is the enclosure that contains most of

the components of a computer (usually
excluding the display, keyboard and
mouse)
Case classify:
Case ATX (Advance Technology Extended):
Full ATX: size 19”x 9.6” (48.26 x 24.4cm).
Mini ATX: size 11.2”x 8.2” (28.45cm x 20.83cm).
Extended ATX: size 12”x 13” (30.48cm x 33.02cm).
MicroATX: size 9.6”x 9.6” (24.4cm x 24.4cm).
Case BTX (Balanced Technology Extended):
BTX: size 12.8”x 10.5” (32.512cm x 26.67cm).
MicroBTX: size 10.4”x 10.5” (26.416 x 26.67cm).
NanoBTX: size 8.8”x 10.5” (22.352cm x 26.67cm).
PicoBTX: size 8”x 10.5” (20.32cm x 26.67cm).
Case Server
Case LAPTOP
Case Structer
Case behind
Case Front
 Signal wire and lights
Used to connect signals: hard
drive lights, power signal lights
and start buttons...
HDD_LED

Power_LED

Power_SW

Reset_SW

Speaker

F_USB2.0

F_Audio
 POWER SUPPLY
The power supply converts the alternating current (AC)
from your mains (110V
input or 220V input) to the direct current (DC) needed by the
computer
Power Supply classify

AT: Don’t Use

Power Supply classify

ATX:
ATX: main jack 20 pins (Pentium III /Athlon XP).
ATX12V: main jack 20 pins , 4-pin auxiliary cord (Pentium 4/ Athlon 64).
ATX12V 2.X: main jack 24 pins , 4-pin auxiliary cord (Pentium 4 Socket 775
vs Athlon 64, PCI-Express).
ATX power supply structure
How do ATX power supply work?
Wire color
Power supply components

1. Cool fan
2. Jacks
3. Voltage transfer switch
4. Power jack
power supply wire for the Mainboard
12v auxiliary power wire to support CPU
Power wire to attach the device
Power wire SATA
Transfer cable SATA
Power wire Card PCI Ex 16x
Power supply parameters
Volt:
Amp:
Watt:
Check the ATX power supply:
Diagnosis And Troubleshooting Of Power Supply

Trouble Diagnose Fix

The computer usually - Unstable power supply - Use a voltage stabilize

restarts when entering the - Power supply voltage drop - Replace power supply
Windows Logon interface. - Repair the power
- Capacitor damage
supply.

System power isn’t - Power supply broke/ not Check Power supply
activated powered
- The power cord is
damaged
- Power switch isn’t open
- The jacks are poorly
connected
When device plugged into Power supply isn’t guaranteed - Check Power supply
the Front USB Port, - USB port
computer restarted or
- Change port,
crashed
- Check wire connection
 Mainboard

The motherboard is the key circuit

board holding the essential
processing parts of a
computer. It allows all the parts
computer to receive power and
communicate with one anothe
 Mainboard of Pentium 3

Mainboard of Pentium 2
Mainboard of Pentium 4 soket 423 Mainboard of Pentium 4 soket 478
Mainboard Socket 775 support Chip Intel Core™ 2 Duo Processor! And Dual DDR2

Mainboard with the latest technology supports 2-core chip and Ram, with 2 Card Video AGP and 2 ROM BIOS
System board Depictions

+ The oldest system board

AT + Power connector P8 and P9
+ Dimensions 30.5 x 33 cm
+ The most popular
motherboard standard
ATX
+ Length 30cm, width 17-24cm
+ 7 expansion slots max
+ All standard ATX cases support
Mini-ATX
Mini-ATX
+ Length 28cm, width 21cm
+ Use for small case
Micro-ATX
+ Length 24cm, width 17-24cm
+ 4 expansion slots
 CPU

 ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

 CU (Control Unit)
 Registers
Internal Memory
SDRAM

DDRAM
External Memory
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
Printer
Card
Modem
.......
Network Card Video Card

Card Modem

Switch
 wireless modem
Modem
 Discuss

What components does the size and shape of a computer

case depend?
How activity Ram? SRAM, DRAM? Ram speed indicators
Why do PC maintenance? Requests