Final Research Proposal For Turkiye Burslari

Subject of the study

Integration Of Renewable Energy Sources into Smart Grids.

Research Question:
How can power electronic devices facilitate the seamless integration of diverse renewable energy
resources for the performance, reliability, and scalability of smart grid systems.

Analysis of The Problem:

The integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and energy storage
systems, into smart grids presents both challenges and opportunities. Power grid and the electricity
market gradually being transformed from a centralized to a more distributed form (DERs) [1]. The sporadic
and variable nature of generation through Renewable Energy Sources poses grid stability and reliability
concerns which requires modern control strategies.

Power electronics, the field where semiconductor equipment is studied and developed for the efficient
conversion of electrical energy with advanced control methods [2]. These devices play a key role in
addressing these challenges by enabling efficient energy conversion, bidirectional power flow control, and
dynamic voltage control with grid synchronization. The power circuits including HVDC controllers, FACTS,
static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), inverters, and converters are implemented to control and
facilitate the transmission and distribution of the power generated. [3]

To analyze this problem a theoretical framework or concept will be developed, illustrating the
relationships between different components involved in the integration of renewable energy resources
with power electronic devices into smart grids. By mapping out these relationships and utilizing their
applications, this study aims to provide insights into the control mechanisms by which power electronic
devices facilitate the seamless integration of diverse renewable energy resources into interconnected
smart grids, ultimately contributing to the advancement of sustainable energy systems.

Methods of the Research:

Quantative methods that will be used for this study will be analyzing the existing data such as grid
performance metrics, renewable energy generation patterns their fluctuations variability etc. Case studies
may also be involved collecting quantative data of different projects. This quantative data will allow for
comparisons, trend analysis and identification of patterns across different case study examples. Then
processing these data sets while performing statistical analysis will yield us numerical comprehensions
into the effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of power electronic devices on grid performance, energy
production and system reliability and viability.

Qualitative methods includes reviewing academic literature to firstly understand the challenges,
opportunities and emerging trends in this field. Also including interviews, textual reports (documents) and
case studies from industry experts, policymakers and academicians who are actively involved in smart
grids development and integration with increase of renewable energy sources.

So by such mixed methods, this study aims to provide how and what key research and development
priorities for power electronic devices actively contribute to the transition towards a renewable energy
based smart-grid infrastructure. So, the combination of these analysis will help us to identify key drivers,
barriers and strategies for evaluating the performance, reliability, and scalability of smart grid systems.

Preliminary Results:
The study underscores the pivotal role of power electronic devices in facilitating the integration of
renewable energy sources into smart grids. Specifically, power electronic converters and inverters serve
as vital components for linking renewable energy systems, including wind turbines, photovoltaic cells, and
energy storage units, to the grid. The inverter is considered the basic component in the optimization of
clean energy, since it is the active control element at the connection point between the sources and the
grid. Future inverters need to be flexible and must be able to support any local conditions. [4]

Moreover, the study explores various control methodologies, such as power electronics-based control
and multi-agent system-based control, which harness power electronic devices to optimize grid
performance and stability. However attention should also be paid to harmonic production, Converters
can inject currents with non-sinuisodal waveforms, and this can cause problems for the power system. If
suitable damping controllers will be designed, FACTS devices can accomplish appropriate damping for
small signal disturbance. Advanced components are used on Smart Grids including next generation FACTS,
power quality devices, energy storage, fault current limiters, superconducting transmission cable and
rotating machines, advanced power electronic switches and conductors. These components can be
helpful for the system at several levels [2], [4].

Academic Contributions:
This study makes significant contribution to the field of renewable energy sources integration into smart
grids for that effective utilization of power electronic devices is necessary. This study will also contribute
to Turkey’s-Smart Grid Raod Map (TR-SGR) in vision 2035 as it involves the objectives of some of its phases.
[5].

This study uniquely concentrates on micro-level investigation, specifically targeting the power electronic
components, devices and circuits for modern control technologies. While the integration of renewable
energy sources into smart grids is a vast and significant field of study, so the studies are often centered
on broader issues. However, the essential role played by power electronic components in determining
the reliability, efficiency, and scalability enhancement of both renewable energy sources and smart grids
is frequently overlooked. By working on these specifics this study makes itself apart from conventional
work which has been done in this area.

While significant progress has been made, there remains much to be explored regarding the relationships
among distributed generation (DG), microgrids, smart grids, and power electronics. Nevertheless, as
evidenced, static converters are emerging as central figures in the future of grid infrastructure.

In summary, this research significantly contributes to academia by deepening our understanding of the
role played by power electronic devices in integrating smart grids. It provides valuable practical insights
for professionals in the industry and helps shape policy discussions within the renewable energy and smart
grid sectors.

References:
1. Muhammad Khalid, Smart grids and renewable energy systems: Perspectives and grid
integration challenges, Energy Strategy Reviews, Volume 51, 2024, 101299, ISSN 2211-467X.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2024.101299.

2. Souza Junior MET, Freitas LCG. Power Electronics for Modern Sustainable Power Systems:
Distributed Generation, Microgrids and Smart Grids—A Review. Sustainability. 2022; 14(6):3597.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063597.

3. Ilhami Colak, Ersan Kabalci, Gianluca Fulli, Stavros Lazarou, A survey on the contributions of
power electronics to smart grid systems, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume
47, 2015, Pages 562-579, ISSN 1364-0321, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.031.

4. Li Peng, Gao-Shi Yan, Clean Energy Grid-Connected Technology Based on Smart Grid, Energy
Procedia, Volume 12, 2011, Pages 213-218, ISSN 1876-6102,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.10.030.

5. Yumak, K., Tosun, G., Ercin, O., Batar, G., & Sinim, M.C. (2018). Turkey's Smart Grid Roadmap
Project for Electrical Distribution Systems in Vision 2035. 2018 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid
Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe), 1-6.