RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE

OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

CORPORATE VALUATION & MERGERS ACQUISITION

Presentation On

Merger & Acquisition

Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.Mandavkar sir

Student sign faculty sign

What is a Merger?

A merger is an agreement between two or more

corporate firms, to create a new entity by exchange
of shareholding.

It is a transaction where two or more corporations

pool their resources and operations, and combined to
form a single corporation.

It can also refer to an event where the assets and

liabilities of two or more corporate organizations
are invested in another organization, which is the
merged organization.

A merger is basically a mutually agreed decision of

organizations for the joint ownership of a corporate
entity.

Merger in simple terms means the combination of two

or more corporations into one single organization.

In India, laws do not use the term merger, rather they

use the word “amalgamation”.
What is an Acquisition?

An Acquisition means the process by which a company

purchases another company or gains a majority in
another organization.

One firm takes ownership of another corporate firm

because of this. Acquisitions are commonly known as
Takeovers.

an acquisition takes place when an organization’s

capital resources are utilized. Such capital
resources include debt, cash, stock, etc.

It involves two parties; the acquiring party and the

acquired party.

Acquiring party is the one that buys the majority of

shares or gains ownership of the acquired company.

Acquired party is the one that surrenders their

majority of shares or ownership of the
acquiring company.
The latest trend in the Indian Corporate sector is the
acquisition of Foreign companies by the Indian
businesses.

Types of Acquisitions

There are generally 4 types of acquisitions –

 Friendly,
 Hostile,

 backflip and

 Reverse takeover.

A friendly acquisition is when both the acquiring and

acquired parties willingly corporate in negotiations
and in the process of takeover.

While a hostile acquisition is one when the acquired

party is not willing to sell or when the acquired
party’s board members have no knowledge of such an
offer.

Generally, acquisitions refer to the buying of

smaller corporate organisations by larger
corporate firms.
However, when a small unlisted private
company acquires a larger and well established
listed public company, it is called reverse takeover.
This takeover can be either friendly or hostile. This is
mainly done to achieve listing status.

When a bidding company becomes the subsidiary of the

acquired company, it is called Backflip takeover.

Backflip takeover is one where a bidding company

becomes the subsidiary of the taken over company. The
main reason for such a takeover is to have the
advantage of the brand value of the taken over firm.

Types of Mergers

There are generally 4 types of mergers – Horizontal,

Vertical, Concentric, Conglomerate.

If two or more companies that are involved in the same

business activity and are competitors merge
together, it is called Horizontal Merger. If these
companies are in direct competition for the same
product type and market and merge together, it would
be horizontal merger.
The main benefit of this kind of merger is that it
eliminates competition and helps the firm to increase
its market share, customer base, revenue and profits.

It increases cost efficiency, as wasteful activities

are removed from operations. If two or more
companies that are involved in different stages of the
operation of manufacturing merge together, it is
called Vertical merger.

If a supplier firm merges with a customer firm, it would

be a vertical merger.

This kind of merger is usually adopted to secure the

supply of essential goods, and avoid any disruption
and interruption in supply of goods.

They offer a high margin of profit and also cost

saving, since manufacturers share is no longer there.
This is opted for the smooth supply of raw materials
to the acquiring party.

If two or more companies that operate in the same

industry but not in the same line of products of
business merger together, it is called Concentric
merger. After such a merger, a new company is formed
all together so as to become more competitive. This
also helps increase the customer base.

Such mergers offer opportunities to corporate firms

to venture into other areas of the industries to
reduce risk and more access to resources. Markets
that were unavailable before would also be
available now.

If two or more companies that have no common business

areas or no common business activity merge together,
it is called Conglomerate merger.

This merger is usually adopted to diversify into new

industries, which helps reduce risks. The main risk of
such a merger is the sudden shift in business
operations. Such a merger is further divided into Pure
Conglomerate and Mixed Conglomerate merger.

When both companies have nothing in common, business

operations of both companies are unrelated, it is
called Pure Conglomerate merger.
RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE
OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

DERIVATIVES AND RISK MANAGEMENT

Presentation On
DERIVATIVE market in India
Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.Mandavkar sir

Student sign faculty sign

Types of Derivatives In India

Several people invest their hard-earned money in the

stock market by taking risks and thinking of making
good returns. But they don't know that investing in the
stock market can turn out to be a riskier one due to
changes in the price of securities like currency,
equity, commodities, etc.

During such times you may lose out all your money, and
this can wipe out all your entire investments within a
fraction of seconds.

Several instruments can protect you from the

volatility of financial markets and turned out to be
useful ones.

Not only do these instruments protect the traders

from risk, but they also deliver guarantees to them.
These instruments are called Derivatives.
So, this article will provide in-depth information
about the concept of derivatives and different types
of financial derivatives in detail.

Before diving into types of derivatives in India, let us

understand the meaning of derivatives first.

What Are Derivatives?

It means financial contracts that earn their

value from a group of assets or underlying
assets are called derivatives. Depending on the
market conditions, the value of derivatives keeps
on changing.

The primary principle of entering into derivative

contracts is to earn a large amount of profits by
contemplating the underlying asset's value in the
future.

Imagine you've invested in an equity share and the

market price of that equity share fluctuates up
and down continuously. If the market falls, you
may suffer a loss due to a stock value downfall.
 In this type of situation, you may enter into a
derivative contract, either make to profit by
placing an exact bet, or simply take a rest from
yourself from the losses that occurred in the
stock market where the stock is being traded.

Types of Derivatives in India

There are four different types of derivatives

that can easily be traded in the Indian Stock
Market. Each derivative is different from the
other and consist of varying contract conditions,
risk factor and more.

The four different types of derivatives are as

follows:

 Forward Contracts
 Future Contracts
 Options Contracts
 Swap Contracts
Let us have a look and study in-depth detail about
these derivatives.
 Forward Contracts
Forward contracts mean two parties come
together and enter into an agreement to buy
and sell an underlying asset set at a fixed
date and agreed on a price in the future.

In simpler words, it is an agreement formed

between both parties to sell their asset on an
agreed future date.

The forward contracts are customized and

have a high tendency of counterparty risk.
Since it is a customized contract, the size of
the agreement entirely depends on the term of
the contract.

Forward contracts do not require any

collateral as they are self-regulated. The
settlement of the forward contract gets done
on the maturity date, and hence they are
reserved by the expiry period.

 Future Contracts
Future contracts are similar to forward
contracts. Future contracts mean an
agreement made by the two parties to buy or
sell an underlying instrument at a fixed price
on a future date.

Future contracts do not allow the buyer and

seller to meet and enter into an agreement. In
fact, the deal gets fixed through exchange
mode.

In futures contracts, the counterparty risk is

low because it is a standardized contract. In
addition, the clearinghouse plays the role of
a counterparty to the parties of the
contract, which reduces the credit risk in the
future.

The size of future contracts is fixed, and it is

regulated by the stock exchange just because
it is known as a standardized contract.

Since these contracts are standard, the

futures contracts listed on the stock
exchange cannot be changed or modified in any
possible way.
 In simpler words, future contracts have pre-
decided size, pre-decided expiry period, pre-
decided size. In futures contracts, an initial
margin is required because settlement and
collateral are done daily.

 Options Contracts
Options contracts are the third type of
derivative contracts in India. Options
contracts are way different than future and
format contracts because these contracts do
not require any compulsion to discharge the
contract on a specific date.

Options contracts provide the right but not

the commitment to buy or sell an underlying
instrument.

Option contracts consist of two options:

o Call Option
o Put Option
RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE
OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

FINANCIAL MARKETS & INSTITUTIONS

Presentation On

Mutual funds
Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.Mandavkar sir

Student sign faculty sign

 Mutual funds

What Is a Mutual Fund?

A mutual fund is an investment option where money

from many people is pooled together to buy a variety
of stocks, bonds, or other securities. This mix of
investments is managed by a professional money
manager, providing individuals with a portfolio that
is structured to match the investment objectives
stated in the fund's prospectus.

By investing in a mutual fund, individuals gain access

to a broad range of investments, which can help
reduce risk compared to investing in a single stock or
bond. Investors earn returns based on the fund's
performance minus any fees or expenses charged. In
this way, mutual funds can give small or individual
investors access to professionally managed
portfolios of equities, bonds, and other
 Types of Mutual Funds

There are several types of mutual funds

available for investment, though most mutual
funds fall into one of four main categories which
include stock funds, money market funds, bond
funds, and target-date funds.

Stock Funds
As the name implies, this fund invests principally in
equity or stocks. Within this group are various
subcategories. Some equity funds are named for
the size of the companies they invest in: small-, mid-
, or large-cap. Others are named by their
investment approach: aggressive growth, income-
oriented, value, and others. Equity funds are also
categorized by whether they invest in domestic
(U.S.) stocks or foreign equities. To understand the
universe of equity funds, use a style box, an
example of which is below.
Bond Funds

A mutual fund that generates a minimum return is

part of the fixed income category. A fixed-income
mutual fund focuses on investments that pay a set
rate of return, such as government bonds,
corporate bonds, or other debt instruments. The
fund portfolio generates interest income that is
passed on to the shareholders.

Index Funds

Index funds invest in stocks that correspond with a

major market index such as the S&P 500 or the Dow
Jones Industrial Average (DJIA). This strategy
requires less research from analysts and
advisors, so fewer expenses are passed on to
shareholders, and these funds are often designed
with cost-sensitive investors in mind.

Balanced Funds

Balanced funds invest in a hybrid of asset classes,

whether stocks, bonds, money market instruments,
or alternative investments. The objective of this
fund, known as an asset allocation fund, is to
reduce the risk of exposure across asset classes.
Money Market Funds

The money market consists of safe, risk-free,

short-term debt instruments, mostly
government Treasury bills. An investor will not
earn substantial returns, but the principal is
guaranteed. A typical return is a little more than
the amount earned in a regular checking or
savings account and a little less than the
average certificate of deposit (CD).

Income Funds

Income funds are named for their purpose: to

provide current income on a steady basis. These
funds invest primarily in government and high-
quality corporate debt, holding these bonds until
maturity to provide interest streams. While fund
holdings may appreciate, the primary objective of
these funds is to provide steady cash flow to
investors. As such, the audience for these funds
consists of conservative investors and retirees.

Specialty Funds
Sector funds are targeted strategy funds aimed
at specific sectors of the economy, such as
financial, technology, or health care. Sector
funds can be extremely volatile since the stocks
in a given sector tend to be highly correlated with
each other.

International/Global Funds

An international fund, or foreign fund, invests

only in assets located outside an investor's home
country. Global funds, however, can invest
anywhere around the world. Their volatility often
depends on the unique country's economy and
political risks. However, these funds can be part
of a well-balanced portfolio by
increasing diversification, since the returns in
foreign countries may be uncorrelated with
returns at home.

Mutual Fund Fees

A mutual fund has annual operating fees or
shareholder fees. Annual fund operating fees are
an annual percentage of the funds under
management, usually under 1%, known as
the expense ratio. A fund's expense ratio is the
summation of the advisory or management fee and
its administrative costs.
RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE
OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

FINANCIAL REGULATION

Presentation On

IRDAI
Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.Mandavkar sir

Student sign faculty sign

 IRDAI

Insurance Regulatory and Development

Authority of India (IRDAI)
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI),
is a statutory body formed under an Act of Parliament, i.e.,
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999
(IRDA Act, 1999) for overall supervision and development of the
Insurance sector in India.

The powers and functions of the Authority are laid down in the
IRDA Act, 1999 and Insurance Act, 1938. The Insurance Act, 1938 is
the principal Act governing the Insurance sector in India. It
provides the powers to IRDAI to frame regulations which lay down
the regulatory framework for supervision of the entities
operating in the Insurance sector. Section 14 of the IRDA Act,1999
specifies the Duties, Powers and Functions of the Authority

The functions of the IRDAI are defined in Section 14 of the IRDAI Act,
1999 -

 Issuing, renewing, modifying, withdrawing, suspending or

cancelling registrations
 Protecting policyholder interests
 Specifying qualifications, the code of conduct and training for
intermediaries and agents
 Specifying the code of conduct for surveyors and loss assessors
 Promoting efficiency in the conduct of insurance businesses
 Promoting and regulating professional organizations
connected with the insurance and re-insurance industry
 Levying fees and other charges
 Inspecting and investigating insurers, intermediaries and other
relevant organizations
 Regulating rates, advantages, terms and conditions which may
be offered by insurers not covered by the Tariff Advisory
Committee under section 64U of the Insurance Act, 1938 (4 of
1938)
 Specifying how books should be kept
 Regulating company investment of funds
 Regulating a margin of solvency
 Adjudicating disputes between insurers and intermediaries or
insurance intermediaries
 Supervising the Tariff Advisory Committee
 Specifying the percentage of premium income to finance schemes
for promoting and regulating professional organizations
 Specifying the percentage of life- and general insurance
business undertaken in the rural or social sector
 Specifying the form and the manner in which books of accounts
shall be maintained, and statement of accounts shall be
rendered by insurers and other insurer intermediaries.

Role and Responsibilities of

IRDA

IRDA performs various important functions to

regulate and develop the insurance sector in
India:

 Regulation and Supervision :

IRDA formulates and enforces regulations,
rules, and guidelines to govern the conduct
of insurance companies, intermediaries, and
other stakeholders in the industry. It
ensures compliance with these regulations
and exercises supervision to maintain the
integrity and stability of the insurance
market.

 Licensing of Insurance
Companies :
IRDA grants licenses to insurance
companies to operate in India. It assesses
the financial soundness, competence, and
compliance of insurers before granting
them the necessary approvals to carry
out insurance activities.
 Protection of Policyholders'
Interests :
IRDA safeguards the interests
of policyholders by establishing rules and
standards for insurance products and
services. It ensures transparency,
fairness, and ethical practices in
insurance transactions and resolves
policyholder grievances through its
grievance redressed mechanism.

 Policy Formulation :
IRDA formulates policies and guidelines to
promote the development and growth of
the insurance sector. It regularly reviews
and updates these policies to adapt to
changing market dynamics and emerging
trends.
 Promoting Market Competition :
IRDA fosters healthy competition among
insurance companies by preventing
monopolistic practices and ensuring a
level playing field for all market
participants. It encourages innovation,
product diversification, and customer-
centric approaches to drive market
efficiency and consumer choice.

 Development Initiatives :
IRDA undertakes initiatives to enhance
public awareness about insurance, promote
insurance penetration, and improve
financial literacy among individuals. It
supports initiatives for capacity building,
skill development, and research in the
insurance sector.
 Solvency Regulation :
IRDA establishes solvency norms and
monitors the financial health of insurance
companies to ensure their ability to meet
policyholder obligations and maintain
long-term sustainability.

 Intermediary Regulation :
IRDA regulates insurance intermediaries
such as insurance agents, brokers, and
third-party administrators. It sets
qualification requirements, a code of
conduct, and standards of practice for
intermediaries to protect the interests of
policyholders.


 International Cooperation :
IRDA engages in bilateral and
multilateral cooperation with
international insurance regulatory bodies
to share best practices, facilitate cross-
border collaborations, and stay updated
with global trends in insurance
regulation.
RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE
OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

International business

Presentation On
Globalization
Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.tupe sir

Student sign faculty sign

 Globalization

What is Globalisation?

The term globalisation refers to the integration of the

economy of the nation with the world economy. It is a
multifaceted aspect. It is a result of the collection of
multiple strategies that are directed at transforming
the world towards a greater interdependence and
integration.

It includes the creation of networks and pursuits

transforming social, economical, and geographical
barriers. Globalisation tries to build links in such a way
that the events in India can be determined by the events
happening distances away.

To put it in other words, globalisation is the method of

interaction and union among people, corporations, and
governments universally.
Effect of Globalisation in India

India is one of the countries that succeeded significantly

after the initiation and implementation of globalisation.
The growth of foreign investment in the field of
corporate, retail, and the scientific sector is enormous in
the country.

It also had a tremendous impact on the social, monetary,

cultural, and political areas. In recent years,
globalisation has increased due to improvements in
transportation and information technology. With the
improved global synergies, comes the growth of global
trade, doctrines, and culture.

Globalisation in the Indian economy

Indian society is changing drastically after urbanisation

and globalisation. The economic policies have had a direct
influence in forming the basic framework of the economy.
Economic policies established and administered by the
government also performed an essential role in planning
levels of savings, employment, income, and investments in
the society.

Cross country culture is one of the critical impacts of

globalisation on Indian society. It has significantly
changed several aspects of the country, including
cultural, social, political, and economical.

However, economic unification is the main factor that

contributes maximum to a country’s economy into an
international economy.

Advantages of Globalisation in India

Increase in employment: With the opportunity of special

economic zones (SEZ), there is an increase in the number of
new jobs available. Including the export processing zones
(EPZ) centre in India is very useful in employing thousands
of people.

Another additional factor in India is cheap labour. This

feature motivates the big companies in the west to
outsource employees from other regions and cause more
employment.

Increase in compensation: After globalisation, the level

of compensation has increased as compared to the
domestic companies due to the skill and knowledge a
foreign company offers. This opportunity also emerged as
an alteration of the management structure.

High standard of living: With the outbreak of

globalisation, the Indian economy and the standard of
living of an individual has increased. This change is
notified with the purchasing behaviour of a person,
especially with those who are associated with foreign
companies. Hence, many cities are undergoing a better
standard of living along with business development.

Impact of Globalisation

Outsourcing: This is one of the principal results of the

globalisation method. In outsourcing, a company recruits
regular service from the outside sources, often from
other nations, that was earlier implemented internally
or from within the nation (like computer service, legal
advice, security, each presented by individual
departments of the corporation, and advertisement).

As a kind of economic venture, outsourcing has increased,

in recent times, because of the increase in quick methods
of communication, especially the growth of information
technology (IT).

Many of the services such as voice-based business

processes (commonly known as BPS, BPO, or call centres),
accountancy, record keeping, music recording, banking
services, book transcription, film editing, clinical advice,
or teachers are being outsourced by the companies from
the advanced countries to India.
RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE
OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

SECURITY ANALYSIS & PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

Presentation On

portfolio management

Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.Mandavkar sir

Student sign faculty sign

 portfolio management

Introduction
Maximising returns on investment is an ideal way of
accumulating wealth. Portfolio management largely assists
in balancing gains and protecting against risk. It is the
compilation of investment tools like stocks, mutual funds,
cash, bonds, insurance policies, etc. Portfolio management
acts as a cushion against market risks. This article explains
the portfolio management meaning.

What is Portfolio Management?

Portfolio management includes prioritizing, choosing
the right investments, and strategizing to achieve
good returns. It simply refers to overseeing a person's
financial investments. The portfolio may consist of
cash, bonds, mutual funds, or any other investment.
This process needs a strong understanding of the
stock market and the ability to direct investments.

Who is a Portfolio Manager?

A portfolio manager is a professional responsible for
investments and efficiently handling a portfolio of
assets. Solid portfolio management requires
developing the best investment plan to match your
income, age, and risk-taking capacity. Furthermore, to
reduce the risk effectively, the portfolio manager
needs to develop a customized solution for buying and
selling assets.

Key Elements of Portfolio Management

To achieve the desired outcome, investors need to
account for certain concepts when building a strong
portfolio. These are some crucial components of
portfolio management.
● Asset Allocation
Dividing the assets minimizes the risk from a
vulnerable market environment. It is predicated on
the knowledge that a balanced portfolio with low
risk requires a variety of assets. According to the
investor's risk tolerance and financial objectives,
experts advise using systematic asset allocation.
● Diversification
Diversification is the process of distributing risk in a
portfolio. It aims to reduce volatility while capturing
the long-term returns of all sectors since it is
impossible to predict which sector of a market or
asset class will perform better at any given time.
Diversifying portfolios can significantly revamp the
collection. It brings a perfect blend of risk and
reward. Investing in multiple assets helps in dealing
with market fluctuations in a better way.
● Rebalancing
Rebalancing is the method of returning a portfolio to
its original target allocation at regular intervals.
It is an important aspect of portfolio management as
it helps investors to capture gains and expand the
opportunity for growth. The process involves selling
high-priced stocks and investing that amount in lower-
priced stocks.
● Active Portfolio Management
In active portfolio management, the investor buys
undervalued stocks and sells them when their value
rises. Portfolio managers pay close attention to
market trends and trade in securities. Investors have
received higher returns through this strategy.
● Passive Portfolio Management
This is stated as index fund management. It aligns with
the current and steady market trend. Investors
invest with the objective of low and steady returns
that seem profitable in the long run.

Who should opt for?

People who want to increase their wealth but have
little experience with the stock market or the time to
keep track of their investments should consider
portfolio management. Furthermore, if someone wants
to invest in bonds, stocks, or commodities but doesn't
know enough about the process, they should go for
portfolio management. Investors can reduce risk
while achieving long-term financial goals with
portfolio management.

Types of Portfolio Management

1. Active Portfolio Management

Active portfolio management entails constant selling
and purchasing of securities. The primary objective of
substantial buying and selling of assets or securities
is to outperform the markets collectively. Active
investment management aims to make the most of the
market conditions, especially while the markets are
rising.
2. Passive Portfolio Management
It follows the efficient market hypothesis. In most
cases, the passive manager sticks with index funds
with low turnover but promises good long-term value.
Opting for the lower yield is to gain profitability
through stability.
3. Discretionary Portfolio management services
Your investments are managed by a qualified
portfolio manager through the discretionary
portfolio management service. The portfolio manager
has total discretion over the investments he makes on
the client's behalf.
4. Non-Discretionary Portfolio management
In Non-Discretionary Portfolio management, the client
receives periodic advice from the portfolio manager.
However, the client is ultimately in charge of the
investment and is responsible for it. The role of the
portfolio manager is restricted to providing guidance
and market information. The client makes decisions
based on their risk appetite, market study, and
manager's advice.

Steps of Portfolio Management

This approach goes beyond managing your investments.
Since it is an iterative process, comprehension of it is
crucial. Formulating a portfolio strategy requires
maintaining a manageable portfolio with a customized
investment plan.

Step 1: Identifying the objective

An investor needs to identify the objective. The
outcome achieved can be either capital appreciation
or stable returns.

Step 2: Estimating capital markets

Research and analysis should be carried out to
estimate expected returns with associated risks.

Step 3: Asset Allocation

A sound decision should be made on allocating assets.
Asset allocation is identified depending on investors'
risk tolerance and investment limit.

Step 4: Formulation of a Portfolio Strategy

An appropriate portfolio strategy must be developed
considering investment capacity and risk
susceptibility.

Step 5: Implementing portfolio

The profitability of assets is analysed thoroughly.
The planned portfolio is then implemented by investing
in various avenues. Portfolio execution is one of the
important phases as it directly impacts investment
performance.

Step 6: Evaluating portfolio

The portfolio is regularly evaluated and revised for
efficient work. Evaluating a portfolio is a
quantitative measurement of the portfolio's actual
returns and risks. It gives a direction to continuously
improve the quality of the portfolio.

component of portfolio management. Following some

guidelines for portfolio management not only
provides cushioning against risk but also maximises
returns successfully.
RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE
OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

Strategic management

Presentation On

Swot analysis
Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.tupe sir

Student sign faculty sign

 Swot analysis

What is a SWOT analysis?

A SWOT analysis is a technique used to identify

strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and
threats for your business or even a specific
project. It’s most wIdely used by organIzatIons—
from small businesses and non-profits to large
enterprises—but a SWOT analysis can be used
for personal purposes as well.
While simple, a SWOT analysis is a powerful tool
for helping you identify competitive
opportunities for improvement. It helps you
improve your team and business while staying
ahead of market trends.
 What does SWOT stand for?

SWOT is an acronym that stands for:

 Strengths
 Weaknesses
 Opportunities
 Threats

Strengths

Strengths in SWOT refer to internal initiatives

that are performing well. Examining these
areas helps you understand what’s already
working. You can then use the techniques that
you know work—your strengths—in other areas
that might need additional support, like
improving your team’s effIcIency.
When looking into the strengths of your
organization, ask yourself the following
questions:
 What do we do well? Or, even better: What do we
do best?
 what’s unIque about our organIzatIon?
 What does our target audience like about our
organization?
 Which categories or features beat out our
competitors?

Weaknesses

Weaknesses in SWOT refer to internal initiatives

that are underperformIng. It’s a good Idea to
analyze your strengths before your
weaknesses in order to create a baseline for
success and failure. Identifying internal
weaknesses provides a starting point for
improving those projects.
IdentIfy the company’s weaknesses by askIng:
 Which initiatives are underperforming and why?
 What can be improved?
 What resources could improve our performance?
 How do we rank against our competitors?
 Opportunities

Opportunities in SWOT result from your existing

strengths and weaknesses, along with any
external initiatives that will put you in a
stronger competitive position. These could be
anythIng from weaknesses that you’d lIke to
Improve or areas that weren’t IdentIfIed In the
first two phases of your analysis.
Since there are multiple ways to come up with
opportunItIes, It’s helpful to consIder these
questions before getting started:
 What resources can we use to improve weaknesses?
 Are there market gaps in our services?
 What are our business goals for the year?
 What do your competitors offer?
 Threats

Threats in SWOT are areas with the potential to

cause problems. Different from weaknesses,
threats are external and out of your control. This
can include anything from a global pandemic to a
change in the competitive landscape.
Here are a few questions to ask yourself to
identify external threats:
 What changes in the industry are cause for
concern?
 What new market trends are on the horizon?
 Where are our competitors outperforming us?
RAJARAM SHINDE COLLEGE
OF MBA

AT POST – PEDHAMBE, TAL -CHIPLUN, Dist –Ratnagiri, 415603

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Recognized by AICTE)

Presentation Subject

Wealth management

Presentation On

Reserve bank of India

Submitted by

Mr.OMkar Chalke

Under the guidance of prof.Mandavkar sir

Student sign faculty sign

 Reserve bank of India
The ReseRve Bank of IndIa (RBI) Is IndIa’s cenTRal Bank.
It controls the monetary policy concerning the
national currency, the Indian rupee. The basic
functions of RBI are the issuance of currency,
sustaining monetary stability in India, operating the
cuRRency, and maInTaInIng The counTRy’s cRedIT
system.

In May 2023, the Reserve Bank approved a Rs 87,416

crore dividend payout to the central government for
2022-23, nearly triple what it paid in the previous
year.
Details:

 The decision was taken at the 602nd meeting of the

Central Board of Directors of the Reserve Bank
of India held under the chairmanship of Governor
Shaktikanta Das.
 The board approved the transfer of Rs 87,416
crore as surplus to the central government for
the accounting year 2022-23.
 This is a 188% jump fRom The lasT yeaR’s (2021-22)
surplus transfer of Rs 30,307 crore.
 It decided to keep the Contingency Risk Buffer
(CRB) at 6 per cent.
  The contingency risk buffer is a specific provision
fund kept by the central bank primarily to be
used during any unexpected and unforeseen
contingencies.
 The Bimal Jalan Committee recommended that the
CRB needs to be maintained at a range of 5.5% to
6.5% of The RBI’s Balance sheeT.
 The board also reviewed the global and domestic
economic situation and associated challenges,
including the impact of current global
geopolitical developments.
 The dividend could bring in additional revenue of
around 0.2 per cent of GDP.
Provisions Regarding Transfer of Surplus
by RBI:

 The Reserve Bank of India Act of 1934 mandates

that profits made by the central bank from its
operations be sent to the Central Government.
 As the manager of its finances, every year the RBI
also pays a dividend to the government to help
with the finances from its surplus or profit.
 A technical Committee of the Reserve Bank of
India headed by Y H Malegam (2013), which
reviewed the adequacy of reserves and surplus
distribution policy, recommended a higher
transfer to the government.
How Does RBI Make Profits?
 The RBI Is a “full-seRvIce” cenTRal Bank.
 It is mandated to keep inflation in check and also
manage the borrowings of the Government of India
and of state governments.
 It also supervises or regulates banks and non-
banking finance companies and manages the
currency and payment systems. While carrying
out these functions, RBI makes profits.
 RBI claims a management commission on handling
the borrowings of state governments and the
central government.
 RBI also earns interest on its holdings of local
rupee-denominated government bonds or
securities, and while lending to banks for very
short tenures, such as overnight.
 RBI’s Income comes fRom The ReTuRns IT eaRns on ITs
foreign currency assets, which could be in the
form of bonds and treasury bills of other central
banks or top-rated securities, and deposits with
other central banks.

Reserve Bank of India has dismissed worries about the

“exposuRe” of IndIan Banks To The gauTam adanI-led
conglomerate. Click here to read more about
the Adani-Hindenburg issue.
What is Final Exposure?
 a Bank’s counTeRpaRTy exposuRes may cause ITs
assets to become concentrated in the hands of a
single or network of connected counterparties.
About Large Exposure Framework (LEF) Guidelines:

 The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS)

released supervisory recommendations on
significant exposures in January 1991, titled
Monitoring and Managing Significant Credit
Exposures. Know more about Basel III Norms in the
link.
 The recommendations on large exposures (LE) for
banks were created by the RBI after deciding
that Indian banks should properly embrace these
standards.
 With rare exclusions, the LEF applies to a Bank’s
exposure to all of its counterparties as well as
groups of connected counterparties.
 It is founded on the 2014 Basel guidelines.
 Positive indications include numerous measures of
sufficient capital, excellent assets, liquidity,
provision coverage, and profitability.

What is RBI?
RBI is an institution of national importance and the
pillar of the surging Indian economy. It is a member of
the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

 The concept of the Reserve Bank of India was

based on the strategies formulated by Dr.
amBedkaR In hIs Book named “The pRoBlem of The
Rupee – ITs oRIgIn and ITs soluTIon”.
 This central banking institution was established
Based on The suggesTIons of The “Royal Commission
on IndIan cuRRency & fInance” In 1926. ThIs
commission was also known as the Hilton Young
Commission.
 In 1949, the Reserve Bank of India was
nationalized and became a member bank of the
Asian Clearing Union.
 RBI regulates the credit and currency system in
India.
 The chief objectives of the RBI are to sustain the
confidence of the public in the system, protect the
 interests of the depositors, and offer cost-
effective banking services like cooperative
banking and commercial banking to the people.

The Preamble of Reserve Bank of India

Another thing to know about RBI is its Preamble. It

describes the basic functions of the Reserve Bank as:

“…to regulate the issue of Bank Notes and keeping of

reserves to secure monetary stability in India and
generally to operate the currency and credit system
of The counTRy To ITs advanTage.”

Functions of Reserve Bank of India

In this section, we discuss the functions of RBI in

details.

The Reserve Bank of India works as:

Monetary Authority

 Implementation of monetary policies.

 Monitoring the monetary policies
  Ensuring price stability in the country considering
the economic growth of the country
Also, read about the Monetary Policy Committee
(MPC) and know more about this six-member committee.

Regulator and Administrator of the Financial System

 The RBI determines the comprehensive parameters

of banking operations.
 These methods are responsible for the functioning
of The counTRy’s BankIng and financial system.
Methods such as:
 License issuing
 Liquidity of assets
 Bank mergers
 Branch expansion, etc.