16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G, 16K25: Screw-Cutting Machines

MOSCOW MACHINE BUILDING PLANT
"RED PROLETARIAN"
them. A. I. EFREMOVA
SCREW-CUTTING MACHINES
MODELS
16K20, 16K20P,
16K20G, 16K25
OPERATING MANUAL
16K20.OOO.OOO.RE
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INFORMATION
MOSCOW 1979
Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2. Unpacking and Transportation ...................................................................................................................................... 3
3. Removal Of Anti-Corrosion Coatings ............................................................................................................................. 4
4. Machine Installation...................................................................................................................................................... 5
5. Preparing the Machine for Start-Up .............................................................................................................................. 7
6. Lubrication of the Machine ........................................................................................................................................... 8
6.1. General instructions ............................................................................................................................................... 8
6.2. Lubrication map ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
6.3. List of recommended lubricants ............................................................................................................................ 9
6.4. Description of the lubrication system .................................................................................................................. 10
7. Electrical Equipment ................................................................................................................................................... 12
7.1. General information ............................................................................................................................................. 12
7.2. Machine connection............................................................................................................................................. 12
7.3. Directions ............................................................................................................................................................. 13
7.4. Locking devices .................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.5. Instructions for initial start-up of the machine .................................................................................................... 14
7.6. Controls ................................................................................................................................................................ 15
7.7. Description of the electrical circuit ...................................................................................................................... 15
7 .8. Recommendations for servicing electrical equipment........................................................................................ 17
7. 9. Electrical equipment specification ...................................................................................................................... 19
8. Pneumatic Equipment ................................................................................................................................................. 21
9. Controls ....................................................................................................................................................................... 22
10. Starting the Machine and Some Terms of Use .......................................................................................................... 26
11. Instructions for Installation and Use of Chucks and Rests ........................................................................................ 27
12. Machine Mechanics .................................................................................................................................................. 28
12.1. Main movement mechanism ............................................................................................................................. 28
12.2. Feed Setting........................................................................................................................................................ 31
12.3. Threading Instructions ....................................................................................................................................... 31
13. Brief Description of the Main Units and Their Regulation ........................................................................................ 36
13.1. Headstock (Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16) ...................................................................................... 36
13.2. Tailstock (Figure 17, Figure 18)........................................................................................................................... 42
13.3. Feed box (Figure 19, Figure 20, Figure 21) ......................................................................................................... 42
13.4. Apron (Figure 22, Figure 23, Figure 24, Figure 25) ............................................................................................. 42
13.5. Caliper (Figure 26, Figure 27) ............................................................................................................................. 42
13.6. Motor Installation (Figure 31) ............................................................................................................................ 55
13.7. Main Drive Friction Clutch Control Mechanism (Figure 32)............................................................................... 55
13.8. Gearbox (replacement gears) (Figure 33) .......................................................................................................... 55
13.9. Bed, racks, lead screw, drive shaft and fast movement drive of the caliper (Figure 34).................................... 55
13.10. Center tool holder (Figure 36).......................................................................................................................... 64
13.11. Tool arbor for processing parts above a recess in the bed (Figure 37) ............................................................ 65
14. Kinematic Scheme (Figure 38)................................................................................................................................... 65
14.1. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 65
15. Bearings Layout (Figure 39)....................................................................................................................................... 66
15.1. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 66
16. Specific Possible Faults .............................................................................................................................................. 68
16.1. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 68
17. Repair ........................................................................................................................................................................ 71
17.1. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 71
17.2. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 71
17.3. Typical repair work performed during scheduled repairs. ................................................................................. 71
17.4. Additional requirements for operation, maintenance and repair of the machine ............................................ 74
18. Instructions for Accuracy Control .............................................................................................................................. 75
19. Passport..................................................................................................................................................................... 78
19.1. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 78
19.2. Basic technical data and characteristics ............................................................................................................. 79
19.3. Repair information ............................................................................................................................................. 85
19.4. Information about changes to the machine ...................................................................................................... 86
19.5. Contents of delivery ........................................................................................................................................... 87
1. Introduction
The manual covers installation issues, commissioning, use, care and maintenance, screw-cutting lathes models
16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G, 16K25, contains information about their designs that promote efficient operation.
The last three models are based on the main models 16K20 with maximum unification, have the same kinematic
schemes and unified design.
16K20 - basic machine of normal accuracy,

16K20P - high precision machine,
16K20G - normal precision machine with notch in the bed,
16K25 - lightweight machine of normal accuracy with increased processing diameter.
Differences in technical characteristics are clear from the table in the manual machine master data (section
19.2).
We ask you to strictly adhere to the instructions and recommendations given in the manual!
Compliance with the rules of care and maintenance of machines will allow you to maintain the original accuracy
and prevent premature wear and breakage of parts.
It is especially necessary to consider that the machine model 16K20P is a model of increased accuracy and to
avoid loss of precision should not be used for roughing.
Since the machines can be used in various industries in all kinds of operations for processing different materials,
Maintenance of machines should be carried out with considering the specifics of their operation.
The technological capabilities of the machines are very wide; therefore, it is not presented in the manual all
possible types and methods of work.
To receive qualified advice on issues of operation, maintenance of service and for machine repairs please
contact:
USSR, 117071, Moscow, M. Kaluzhskaya, 15, plant 2-1209
"Red Proletarian" named after. A. I. Efremova.
Telegraphic address: Moscow DIP. TTY: 111222.
It should be remembered that during the technical process, as the machines are improved some changes may be
made to their design.
Therefore, when ordering spare parts, it is necessary to specify the following data:
a) model and serial number of the machine (the model number is indicated in the table placed on the spindle
head; the serial number is stamped in the upper part of the base on the right side in the form of a seven-digit
number)
b) the longest length of the workpiece,
c) spindle speed limits,
d) drawing number, name of the unit and serial numbers of parts according to the drawings of general views of
the main units placed in Section 13. Brief Description of the Main Units and Their Regulation of the manual (for
example, Figure 26. Caliper, parts 11, 37 and 39).
1
It is advisable to purchase components (bearings, electrical equipment, etc.) according to the type or number
printed directly on them indicating the basic data. If this is not possible, the type or number can be determined
using the diagrams and tables in the manual.
In the drawings of general types, callouts indicate only parts, the manufacture or restoration of which outside the
factory conditions is difficult and may affect the performance of the machines.
The simplest parts (fastening screws and nuts, pins, unnecessary spacers and bushings, shields, etc.) are not
covered to simplify the drawings and due to the ease of their manufacture or acquisition.
The general view drawings also indicate the designation of the rubber sealing collars.
Note. The plant does not inform about possible minor defects that do not affect the technical characteristics of
the machine.
General view of the machine
2
2. Unpacking and Transportation
When unpacking, care must be taken not to damage the machine with the unpacking tool.
It is recommended to first remove the top panel of the box, and the side panels behind it.
Packing lists for accessories and tools are in separate boxes placed in the general packaging of the machine.
Before transporting the machine unpacked, you must make sure that the moving components are securely
fastened to the frame.
The tailstock is secured in the right extreme position using handle (18) (Figure 8), and the carriage is secured
with bolt (13) see Figure 8 in the middle part of the frame between the rope slings.
The caliper guard screen is secured from rotation around the stand with screws or clamped between the tailstock
and the upper part of the caliper.
Figure 1 Transportation Scheme
Transportation of the machine is carried out according to the transportation diagram Figure 1 using a four-line
rope, ends (1) and (2) of which are put on two steel rods (3) with a diameter of 60 mm (2-3/8"), inserted into
specially provided holes in the base of the machine.
Where the rope touches the machine, it is necessary to install wooden spacers (4) when transporting to the
installation site and when lowering it onto the foundation, it is necessary to ensure that the machine is not
subjected to strong shocks.
Model
Dimensions
16K20, 16K20G 16K20P 16K25
L 710 1000 1400 2000 710 1000 710 1000 1400 2000
A 660 651 641 616 660 651 670 661 651 626
B 958 1093 1280 1573 858 1093 938 1073 1260 1553
C 295 298 300 307 295 298 295 289 300 307
Note. Dimensions in MM. Dimensions A, B, C are given with the carriage in the far-right position.
3
3. Removal of Anti-Corrosion Coatings
Before installation, the machine must be thoroughly cleaned of anti-corrosion coatings.
The external surfaces of the machine are coated with anti-corrosion inhibited lubricant NG-203A, and the
internal surfaces NG-203B.
To remove grease, use a wooden spatula and napkins moistened with gasoline or white spirit.
To avoid corrosion, cleaned surfaces must be coated with a thin layer of oil ISOA GOST 20799-75 or an oil that
replaces it (see section 6.3. List of recommended lubricants.).
To remove the anti-corrosion coating on the lead screw on the drive shaft, it is necessary to: remove the guards
and the rapid motion drive pulley: loosen screws 19 (see Figure 34), unmounts 9 and 10 from the side of the rear
bracket, remove the anti-corrosion coating and lubricate with oil.
To avoid blocking the lubrication holes of the support bushings 15 and 16 in the housing 18, the shields 9 and 10
should be inserted into the groove of the feed box flange until they stop and the screws 19 should be secured,
the guard and the rapid-travel drive pulley should be put in place.
After removing the anti-corrosion coatings inside the spindle head, it is necessary to check the correct position of
the oil supply tube to the eyepiece, since during re-preservation a deviation from the original position is possible.
4
4. Machine Installation
The longevity of maintaining the accuracy of the machine largely depends on the correct installation.
The machine should be installed on the foundation according to the installation diagram Figure 2.
Figure 2 Installation drawing
Model
Dimensions
16K20, 16K20G 16K20P 16K25
L 710 1000 1400 2000 710 1000 710 1000 1400 2000
A 2140 2430 2830 430 2140 2430 2140 2430 2830 3430
B 1190 938
C 1600 1890 2290 2890 1600 1890 1600 1890 2290 2890
D 2505 2795 3195 3795 2505 2795 2505 2795 3195 3795
The depth of the foundation is taken depending on the soil but must be at least 150 mm (5-15/16").
If the machine is intended for finishing operations, the foundation depth must be at least 500 mm.
The machine is attached to the foundation with four foundation bolts with M20 threads.
When installing the machine, it is necessary to ensure the presence of free areas for opening the door of the
electrical equipment cabinet and turning the sub-motor plate of the main drive electric motor, as well as for the
possibility of dismantling the drive shaft and lead screw shields for cleaning and lubrication.
5
With the greatest length of the workpiece L: 710 mm (27-15/16"), the length of the shields is 1545 mm (60¾"),
1000 mm (39-3/8") the length of the shields is 1835 mm (72-3/16"), 1400 mm (55-1/8") the length of the shields
is 2235 mm (96-1/8"), 2000 mm (78¾") the length of the shields is 2835 mm (116-3/8").
Installation may be offered as an option.
Machines at an angle of 10° to the workshop wall or equipment placement line.
Verification of installation of the machine in a horizontal plane is carried out using a level installed in the middle
part of the support parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the centers (the foundation bolts must not be
tightened).
In any position of the carriage, the level deviation should not exceed 0.04 mm per 1000 mm for machine models
16K20, 16K20G, 16K25 and 0.02 mm per 1000 mm for machine model 16K20P.
ATTENTION! On machines model 16K25, install (removed for transportation) the handle for alternate movement
of the support according to Figure 26.
The specified handle is packed in a toolbox.
6
5. Preparing the Machine for Start-Up
Once you have read the instructions in the sections immediately following, you can proceed to prepare the
machine for startup in accordance with the sequence recommended below.
Carry out all the operations related to preparing the machine for operation, set out in section 6. Lubrication of the
Machine, and pour about 30 liters (6.6 liters of coolant) into the base chip collector located under the bed.
In accordance with the instructions in section 7. Electrical Equipment, connect the machine to the grounding
circuit and, after checking the compliance of the mains voltage and the electrical equipment of the machine,
connect it to the electrical network.
Connect the machine to the compressed air line according to the instructions in section 8. Pneumatic Equipment.
Check the ease of movement of the tailstock on the bed. Air is supplied to the guides by turning handle 18
towards you (Figure 8). The force of movement of the tailstock should not exceed 5 kg (49 N).
After familiarizing yourself with the purpose of the controls ( 9. Controls), check by hand the operation of all
machine mechanisms. Handles 8 and 16 (Figure 8) should be installed in the middle (neutral) positions.
You should be aware that due to the presence of locking devices, the machine cannot be turned on:
With the control cabinet door open.
With the cover of replaceable gears open.
With the cartridge guard cover folded back.
A description of locking devices is placed in section 7.4. Locking devices.
By pressing the black “Start” button on push-button station 12 Figure 8 turn on the main drive electric motor. The
direction of rotation is shown by the arrow in Figure 31.
ATTENTION! It is imperative to check the operation of the centralized lubrication system for the spindle head
and feed box using oil indicator 1 (Figure 3). If the oil indicator does not rotate, operation of the machine is
prohibited.
The operation of the apron lubrication pump is checked by the leakage of oil from the vertical hole on the right
upper flat guide of the carriage, which opens when installing the transverse slide of the caliper at 180-190 mm
from the leading end of the carriage. The pump is turned on by simultaneously pressing buttons 9 and 21 ( Figure
8). To lubricate the guides of the frame and support, the transverse slide is installed at the front end of the
carriage (approximately 10 mm) and oil is supplied for 1 minute with buttons 9 and 21 pressed Figure 8.
Using switch 28 Figure 8, check the operation of the electric motor of the coolant supply pump. The amount of
liquid supplied is regulated by turning the nozzle 26 Figure 8.
After completing these operations, the machine is ready to start.
7
6. Lubrication of the Machine
6.1. General instructions
Proper and regular lubrication of the machine is of great importance for its normal operation and durability.
Therefore, you must strictly adhere to the recommendations below.
When preparing the machine for startup, it is necessary to rinse the filter mesh in kerosene, then, in accordance
with the 6.2. Lubrication map and the lubrication diagram Figure 3, fill the reservoirs with lubricant and lubricate
the mechanisms indicated in the map.
Lubrication should be carried out with lubricants specified in the lubrication chart, or their substitutes listed in
the 6.3. List of recommended lubricants.
6.2. Lubrication map

Reference
number
Frequency of Amount of oil
Lubricated Lubrication Lubricant according to
lubrication or oil to be filled. L
mechanisms type brand lubrication
change (imp. gallons)
diagram (Figure
3)
I-20A
Spindle head and Automatic Once every 6
GOST 20799- Fill 6, drain 4 17 (3.74)
feed box centralized months
75
I-30A Oil change during
Apron Automatic GOST 20799- routine inspections Fill 6, drain 4 1 .5 (0.33)
75 and repairs
Semi-automatic I-30A
Carriage and cross From the
from apron GOST 20799- 2 times per shift 2
slide of the caliper apron tank
pump 75
I-30A
Rear leadscrew and
Manual GOST 20799- Weekly 6 0.03 (0.006)
lead shaft supports
75
Caliper tool slide I-30A
and cross slide Manual GOST 20799- 1 time per shift 3 0.02 (0.004)
drive screw support 75
I-30A
Tailstock Manual GOST 20799- Weekly 3 0.2 (0.04)
75
Solid oil S
Replacement gears Manual Weekly 8 0.1 kg (0.22 lb)
GOST 4366-76
I-30A
Tool holder Manual GOST 20799- 1 time per shift 0.01 (0.002)
75
8
6.3. List of recommended lubricants
Country and main
company supplier of Brands of lubricant and its characteristics
lubricants
I-20A GOST 20799-75. I-30A GOST 20799-75. Solid oil S GOST 4366-
76.
Viscosity at 50°C 17-23 cSt. Viscosity at 50°C 27-33 cSt.
Effective viscosity at
Flash point (in open crucible) Flash point (in an open 0°C - no more than
- below 165°C. crucible) - not lower than 2000 Pz.
180°C.
Pour point 30°C. Corrosion test –
Pour point - 150°C. passes.
Acid number - no more than
0.14 mg KOH/g of oil. Acid number - no more than The content of free
0.2 mg KOH/g of oil. alkalis in terms of
Ash content - no more than NaOH is no more than
USSR
0.007%. Ash content - no more than 0.2%.
0.007%.
Content of mechanical Content of free organic
impurities – none. Content of mechanical compounds – none.
impurities – none.
Content of water-soluble Water content - no
acids and alkalis – none. Content of water-soluble more than 2.5%.
acids and alkalis – none.
Water content – none. Content of mechanical
Water content – none. impurities - no more
Replacement with IGP-18 than 0.25%.
TU38-1-273-69 is allowed. Replacement of IGP-30
TU38-1-273-69 is allowed.
GDR R-20 TGL11871 R-32 TGL11871
Czechoslovakia OL-J2 CSN656610 OL-J4 CSN656610
Machine oil ЗZ PN-55/C- Machine oil 4 PN-55/C-

Poland
96071 96071
SRR ТВ 5003 Stas 742-49 OL405 Stas 751-49
VNR Tool oil Т-20 MNSZ 7747-63 Tool oil Т-30 MNSZ 7747-63
Yugoslavia Circope 30 Circope 40
Shell Axinus- Tractor

USA, England "Shell" Shell Vitrea Oil 27 Shell Vitrea Oil 31
Grease, Biameta
England "Mobil Oil" Oil Light Mobil DTE Oil Medium Mobil DTE
Note. In the absence of lubricants specified in the list, it is permissible to use only those oils whose main
characteristics correspond to those given.
9
6.4. Description of the lubrication system
The package includes an automatic centralized lubrication system for the spindle head and feed box.
Gear pump 5 (Figure 3), driven from the electric motor of the main drive through a belt drive, sucks oil from the
reservoir and supplies it through a strainer 7 to the spindle bearings and to the oil distribution trays.
About a minute after the electric motor starts up, the oil indicator disk 1 on the spindle head begins to rotate. Its
constant rotation indicates normal operation of the lubrication system. From the spindle head and feed box, oil is
drained into the reservoir through a filler strainer 8 with a magnetic insert.
During operation, it is necessary to monitor the rotation of the oil indicator disk 1 on the spindle head. When it
stops, you must immediately turn off the machine and clean the mesh filter 7. To do this, you need to remove it
from the tank body, having first disconnected the pipes, unscrew the nut located at the bottom, and remove the
filter mesh elements in the plastic frame. Rinse each element in kerosene until completely clean. Do not blow out
filter elements with compressed air, as this may damage the fine mesh. After cleaning, assemble the filter, install
it in the tank and connect the pipes.
In a new machine, it is advisable to clean the mesh filter 7 at least twice a week during the first two weeks, and
then once a month.
1 6 2 3 1
3
3
6
7 9
5 5 7
8 6
1
8
4
4 4 5 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7&8 9
Figure 3 Lubrication diagram
10
To clean the filler filter 8 with a magnetic insert, you need to remove it from the tank, remove the lid, remove the
magnetic insert from the glass and wash all surfaces in kerosene. The inlet filter 8 should be cleaned once a
month.
ATTENTION! Filters 7 and 8 must be cleaned before and after each oil change.
Every day before starting work, you need to check the oil level in the tank according to the indicator and, if
necessary, add it through the opening of the filler filter 8. When changing the oil, the tank is drained through plug
4. Before filling the tank with oil, it must be cleaned and washed with kerosene.
The apron mechanism is automatically lubricated by an individual plunger pump 5. Oil is poured into the housing
through hole 6, which is closed with a plug, and drained through hole 4. The oil level is controlled by oil indicator
1 on the front side of the apron.
The carriage guides and cross slides are lubricated at the beginning and middle of the shift until an oil film
appears on the guides.
When screw-cutting work, lubrication of the guides, as well as the lead screw support bushings located in the
apron, is carried out in the manner described above with the half nut disengaged using handle 15. (Figure 8).
Lubrication of the running shaft supports, lead screw and tailstock are carried out with wicks from reservoirs into
which oil is poured through hole 6 which is closed with a cap. Moreover, the tailstock reservoir is filled until the
oil flows out through the hole on the front side of the housing.
Every day at the end of the shift, you need to remove the cutting head 43 ( Figure 26), clean its working surfaces
and lubricate the conical axis of the tool holder.
The replacement gears and the axis of the intermediate replacement gear (point 9) are lubricated manually with
grease.
The remaining points are lubricated manually using the oil can supplied with the machine.
ATTENTION! The first oil change should be made a month after putting the machine into operation, the second
after three months, and then strictly following the instructions of the lubrication chart.
11
7. Electrical Equipment
7.1. General information
To ensure high reliability in operation and maintenance of the electrical equipment of the machine by semi-
skilled specialists, all relay contactor equipment and other electrical equipment have a simple design and have
been tested over many years of operation in various conditions.
Electrical equipment (apart from a few devices) is mounted in a control cabinet located at the rear of the
machine.
The electrical equipment of the machine is designed for connection to a three-phase alternating current network
with a solidly grounded or insulated neutral wire.
The main parameters of the electrical equipment of the machine are listed in Table 1.
Table 1
Voltage, V
Power consumption, frequency
control local lighting
kW (eng. hp) networks Hz
circuits circuits
220
8.5(11.34) 380
400
110 24 50
11(14.7) 415
220 36 60
440
12 (17)
500
Note. The parameters of the main execution are emphasized.
7.2. Machine connection

When connecting the machine, you must make sure that the voltage and frequency of the supply network
correspond to the electrical parameters of the machine indicated in the table located on the wall of the control
cabinet.
The grounding and power supply wires can be entered either through the upper plane of the control cabinet or
through the lower one. For this purpose, a flange with a threaded hole of ¾" pipes, used to connect the protective
sheath of network wires, is interchangeable with the cover of the lower plane of the cabinet. The machine must
be connected to the power supply and grounding system using insulated copper wires in accordance with Table 2.
Table 2
Insulated copper wire
Power Supply System Mains voltage, V Section,

Quantity
mm2
With solidly grounded 220 6

4
neutral wire 380-500 4
With insulated neutral 220 6

4
wire 380-500 4
12
ATTENTION! For a power supply system with an insulated neutral wire, remove the jumper between
terminals N and on the input, terminal set XI (Figure 6) installed in the control cabinet.
If it is necessary to ground the machine with a steel bus, a special bolt is used, located on the rear side of the
machine under the control cabinet, and the number of wires inserted is reduced by one .
7.3. Directions
Safety precautions
The machine must be securely connected to the workshop grounding device.
The electrical resistance measured between the grounding screw and any metal part of the machine that may
become live as a result of insulation breakdown should not exceed 0.1 ohm.
IT IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED to work with an open terminal box and control cabinet!
A safety light-signal device is installed in the control cabinet, indicating the presence of voltage between the
output terminals of the input circuit breaker and the neutral wire.
It must be remembered that when the input circuit breaker is disconnected, its clamps and the input terminal set
XI are under mains voltage, so touching it should be avoided.
7.4. Locking devices

The electrical circuit includes a lock that turns off the input circuit breaker when the control cabinet door is
opened. When the input circuit breaker is turned on, opening the cabinet door triggers the travel switch S1
(Figure 4), which excites the coil of the remote release F1 and the circuit breaker disconnects the electrical
equipment of the machine from the network. When the housing of the replacement gears is opened, microswitch
S5 is activated, turning off the main drive motor.
The S1 limit switch is mounted in the control cabinet, the S5 microswitch is mounted on the feed box housing.
For inspection and adjustment of electrical equipment under voltage (with the cabinet door open), the circuit
provides a release switch S2 installed in the control cabinet. This switch should only be used by qualified
electricians.
Switch S2 should be set to position 1, after which you can turn on the input circuit breaker and begin adjustment
work.
Upon completion of commissioning or repair work, set switch S2 to its original position 2, otherwise closing the
cabinet door causes spontaneous shutdown of the input circuit breaker.
In machines equipped with a hydraulic support, the main drive electric motor is turned off when the X5 plug
connector connecting the hydraulic motor is disconnected. If such a machine is used without a hydraulic support,
instead of inserting a plug connector, it is necessary to install a special plug supplied with the machine.
13
F1 T F4
A A1 4 5
B B1 H3 S3
C C1
24 22
N 9
H1* S4
K1 F2 F3 K1
3 S1*
A2 C2 A3 B3 C3 S9 S6
S1* H2 6 8
10 S8
S5 S7
20
*114
S2* X5 F6
*1
F7 *1
23 F7
P K4 K2
A6 12
C6 *1 F4 F5 A5 C5 11
X5 F6 K3
1C1
1C2
2C1
2C2
1C3
2C3
4C2
4C3
3C1
3C2
4C1
3C3
M4* M1 M2 M3 12 F5
F1* 13 K1 15 K2 17 K3 18 K4
110
Figure 4 Electrical circuit diagram
1*. Elements with a power circuit of 220 V and tropical design may be missing.
2*. Elements for machines with hydraulic support
7.5. Instructions for initial start-up of the machine
7.5.1. When starting up the machine for the first time, it is necessary to check the reliability of grounding and the
quality of installation of electrical equipment by external inspection. After inspection, disconnect the power wires
of all electric motors at the terminal sets in the control cabinet and use the input circuit breaker F1 to connect
the machine to the workshop network.
7.5.2. Check the operation of all locking devices according to 7.4. Locking devices.
7.5.3. Using manual controls (7.6. Controls), check the clear operation of magnetic starters and relays.
7.5.4. Before achieving smooth operation of all electrical devices located in the control cabinet, connect the
previously disconnected wires to the terminal sets.
By alternately turning on the electric motors of the main drive, rapid movements of the caliper and hydraulic unit,
check the correct direction of their rotation according to the Table 3.
After making sure that the electric motors rotate correctly, you can begin testing the machine in operation.
Table 3
Electric motor Direction of rotation
Main drive Counterclockwise (from the side)
Fast travel Clockwise (from the side)

Hydroelectric power
Clockwise (from the fan side)
stations
According to the markings on the
Electric pump
body
14
X1
A
2 B
2x1mm S3 S4 C
4x1.5mm2* 8x1mm2 N
5 17 S5
9 Fig 6
5
18 10
M2 H2 X5
S8
11
S9
2x1mm2
2C1 2C2 2C3 18 5
4x1mm2 4x1mm2
M3 2x1mm2
2x1mm2
3C1 3C2 3C3
3 X4 S6
10
4x1.5mm2* 3 5 9 17 18 X3
M4* 2x1mm2 17
M1
4C1 4C2 4C3

6x1mm2 4x2.5mm2(380-500V) 1C1 1C2 1C3
2
4x4mm (220V)
a
Figure 5 Electrical connection diagram
Notes: 1. a - position of jumpers when connecting electric motors
2*. For machines with hydraulic support.
7.6. Controls
7.6.1. The front side of the control cabinet contains the following controls:
Handle for turning on and off the input circuit breaker with maximum and remote releases, a signal lamp with a
white lens indicating that the input circuit breaker is on, switch for turning the electric cooling pump on and off,
load indicator showing the load on the main drive motor.
7.6.2. A push-button station for starting and stopping the main drive electric motor is installed on the carriage.
7.6.3. The apron handle has a built-in button to turn on the electric motor that drives the fast movements of the
caliper.
7.7. Description of the electrical circuit

The electric motor of the main drive M1 and the hydraulic station M4 are started by pressing button S4 ( Figure 4),
which closes the circuit of the contactor K1 coil, switching it to self-power.
The main drive electric motor M1 is stopped by pressing the SЗ button.
The electric motor for rapid movement of the carriage and support M2 is controlled by pressing a push button
built into the apron handle and acting on the limit switch S8.
Starting and stopping the electric cooling pump M3 is carried out by switch S7.
The operation of the electric pump is interlocked with the main drive electric motor M1, and it can only be turned
on after closing the contacts of the starter K1.
To limit the idling speed of the main drive electric motor, the circuit contains a short-circuit time relay. In the
middle (neutral) positions of the main drive friction clutch engagement handles, the normally closed contact of
15
the limit switch S6 closes and the short-circuit time relay is turned on, which, after a set time delay, will turn off
the main drive electric motor with its contact. It is strictly prohibited to adjust the time delay in the operating
state of the relay.
The electric motors of the main drive, the rapid movement drive of the carriage and support, the electric cooling
pump and the transformer are protected from short circuit currents by automatic switches and fuses.
Protection of electric motors (except for electric motor M2) from long-term overloads is carried out by thermal
relays. The nominal data of the devices, which varies depending on the supply voltage, are given in Table 4.
Zero protection of the electrical circuit of the machine, which protects against spontaneous activation of the
electric drive when the power supply is restored after a sudden shutdown, is carried out by coils of magnetic
starters.
Table 4
Designation Voltage, V
according to the
diagram (Fig. 4) 220 380 400 415 440 500
50A,
F1 32A, 25A*
32A*
F2 6A
40A/-1
20A/-5
or 20A/0 20A/-1 20A/-2 20A/-3
F5 16A/-
32A/+1, 16A/-1* 16A/-2* 16A-3* 16A/-4
5*
25A/0*
0.32A/- 0.32A/- 0.32A/- 0.32A/- 0.32A-
F6 0.5A/+1
1 2 3 4 5*
F7 5A/-1 2.5A/+2 2.5A/+1 2.5A/0 2.5A/-1 2.5A/-2
40A or
15A,
P 30A, 20A, 15A* 15A
10A*
25A*
Note. The numerator indicates the rated currents, the denominator indicates the
installation of heating elements.
* Data based on main drive power 7.5 kW.
16
F1
H1 S7
P H3 A B C X1
(A) A1 A
A2 A4 10 14 4 22 B
(B) B1
(C) C1 S1 S2 C
4 4 1 N
(N) N1 6 8 A1 B1 C1
(1) 1
8 6 N 7 7 110 7
X2
2C1 H2 K4
2C2 H3
A3 B3 C3 A3 B3 C3 F2
2C3
3C1 A1 B1 C1
3C2 A5 3C2 C5 2C1 2C2 2C3
3C3 11 12
A6 110 15 110 18
B6 K1
C6
F6 F7
A3 B3C3
14 15 23 11
3
A5 C5 A4 C4 110 13
5 110 7
3C1 3C3 A6 C6 9 A1 B1 C1
9
10
11
17
18 F3 F4
20 24 4 10 A2 1C2 C3
23
110 12 13
3 5
A4
T
24 A1 C1
1C1 1C3
4 22 110
Figure 6 Control cabinet. Location of electrical devices
Note: F7 thermal relays are installed only on machines with hydraulic support
7 .8. Recommendations for servicing electrical equipment

7.8.1. It is necessary to periodically check the condition of the starting and relay equipment. All parts of electrical
devices must be cleaned of dust and dirt. If carbon deposits form on the contacts, the latter must be removed
using a velvet file or glass paper. To avoid rust, the interface between the core and the starter armature must be
periodically lubricated with machine oil, followed by obligatory wiping with a dry cloth (to prevent the armature
from sticking to the core).
When inspecting relay equipment, special attention should be paid to the reliability of the closing and opening of
contact bridges.
7.8.2. The frequency of technical inspections of electric motors is established depending on production
conditions, but not less than once every two months.
During technical inspections, the condition of the input wires of the stator winding is checked, the motors are
cleaned of contamination, and the reliability of grounding and connection of the shaft to the drive mechanism is
monitored.
The frequency of preventive repairs is set depending on production conditions, but not once a year.
During preventive maintenance, electric motors must be disassembled, internal and external surfaces must be
cleaned, and bearing grease must be replaced.
17
Under normal operating conditions, bearing grease should be replaced after 4000 hours of operation, and when
operating the electric motor in dusty and humid environments, as necessary.
Before filling with fresh grease, the bearings must be thoroughly washed with gasoline.
Fill the chamber with lubricant to 2/3 of its volume.
Recommended lubricants are given in Table 5.

Table 5
Company
Recommended Lubricants Note
and country
Grease 1-13 fat GOST 1631-61 USSR
Shell Retinax RB, A, C, H Shell England

For electric
Swallow Grease МХ-30, ML-36, МС- motors with
1325, МС-1330, МВ-2027, М (М-20, Toho Shokai bearing
М-25, М-30), F-15, F-19, F-29, В- Ltd. Japan temperatures
100, В-2019, В-2025, В-1031 from 0 to 80°
Socony C
Gargovle Grease АА, BSKF-1, SKF-
Vacuum Co,
28
USA
Grease CIATIM-203, GOST 8773-63 USSR
Aeroshell Grease 6В-7, 8, DTD-783, For frost-

844, 606 resistant
Shell England
Aeroshell Grease 5А, 14 Shell electric motors
Retinax А, С, Н, RB, Alvania ЕР1, 2, operating in

tropical
Socony
climates with
Rhodnia 4303.SKF-65 OG-H, OG-M Vacuum Co,
bearing
USA
temperatures
Texas Oil Co,
Texaco RCX-169 from -50 to
USA
+120°C
Toho Shokai
Limax 1, 2, 3
Ltd. Japan
7.8.3. Preventative inspection of circuit breakers must be carried out at least once every six months, as well as
after each shutdown due to a short circuit, including repeated ones.
During inspection, you need to clean the switch from soot and metal deposits, check the tightness of the screws,
the integrity of the springs and the condition of the contacts.
The hinges of the switch mechanism should be lubricated periodically (after about 2000-3000 starts) with
Vaseline oil.
There is no need to make any adjustments to the switches under operating conditions. It was made by the
manufacturer.
18
7. 9. Electrical equipment specification
Designation
according to
Name Quantity Note
the diagram
(Figure 4)
P Load indicator E38022 for rated current 20 A 1 See Table 4
Automatic switch AE-2043-12, 1P00,
F1 release 32 A, with independent release coil 1 See Table 4
110 V, 50 Hz, cut-off 12 (Ag-9.489 g)
Automatic switch AE-2033-10, 1P10,
F2 1 See Table 4
release 3.2 A, cut-off 12
Fuse E27PF-25 with fuse link E2782-6/380
F3, F4 2
GOST 1138-72
F5 Thermal relay TRN-40 (20 A) 1
F6 Thermal relay TRN-10 (0.32A) (Ag-0.638 g) 1 Built into PAE-312 (see Table 4)
F7 Thermal relay TRN-10 (2.5 A) 1** See Table 4
H1 UPS-2UZ device 1 See Table 4
Incandescent lamp C24-25 1
H2
Lamp HKCOlXlO0/P00-09 1
Switching incandescent lamp KM24-90,
H3 1
GOST 6940-69
Magnetic starter PAE-312 (Ag-16.121 g)
K1 1 See Table 4
(110/50-R-20-23+2r)
Magnetic starter PME-012 (Ag-4.298 g)
K2 1
(110/50-R-0.32-13)
Pneumatic time relay RVP72-3121-00U4
K3 1 Recommended setting 30-50 s
110 V, 50 Hz TU16-523.472-74
Intermediate relay RPK-1-111 (110-23 +5r)
K4 1
TU16-523.474-78
Asynchronous electric motor type 4A132 1750 rpm*. Can be replaced with
M4, version M301, 11 kW (14.7 hp), 1460 1 an AO2-52-·4 electric motor,
rpm, 220/380 V, GOST 19523-74 version M301, 10 kW, 1460 rpm
M1
Asynchronous electric motor type 4A132S4,
By special order instead of electric
version M301, 7.5 kW (10 hp), 1460 rpm, 1
motors 4A132M4
220/380 V, GOST 19523-74
Asynchronous electric motor type 4A71 V4, 1645 rpm*. Replacement with
M2 version M301, 0.75 kW (1 hp), 1370 rpm, 1 electric motor AO2-12-4, 0.8 kW,
220/380 V, GOST 19523-74 1370 rpm is allowed
3360 rpm*. Replacement with
Electric pump type PA-22, 0.12 kW (0.17
M3 1 electric pump Enz-25, 0.12 kW,
hp), 2800 rpm, 220/380 V
2800 rpm is allowed
Asynchronous electric motor type
M4 4A80A4UZ version M301, 1.1 kW (1.47 hp), 1**
1400 rpm, 220/380 V
S1 Track switch VPK-4240, version 4 1
S2 Switch PE-041 UZ, version 2 1
S3, S4 Control station PKE-622-2 1
19
Microswitch MP-1203, version 3 (Ag-1,051
S5 1
r)
S6 Track switch VPK-2111 1
S7 Switch PE-011 UZ, version 2 1
S8 Track switch VPK-2010 (Ag-1.228 g) 1
Single-phase transformer TBS3-0, 16,
T 1
1.380/110/24 V, GOST 5.1360-72
Total weight Ag (silver) - 32.825 g
Technical data of the devices specified for the basic version of the machine may change in accordance with Table
1.
It is permissible to install other devices with similar technical characteristics.
* Rotation frequency of electric motors at a network of 60 Hz.
**Available only on machines with a hydrocopying support.
20
8. Pneumatic Equipment
Pneumatic equipment is used to create an air cushion that facilitates the movement of the tailstock along the
bed and prevents wear on the guides. Pneumatic devices are mounted on the rear side of the machine.
Pneumatic equipment must be connected to a compressed air network, pressure 4-6 atm. Air consumption is
respectively 10-14 l/min. For this purpose, on the right rack there is a pipe with an external thread of 3/8" BSPT.
Air is supplied to the guides by pressing the cam mounted on the handle 18 ( Figure 8) on the valve pusher 1
(Figure 7) while moving the handle towards the worker. After finishing work, use a napkin to remove moisture
from the guides and cover them with a thin layer of oil.
Every day before starting work, it is necessary to drain moisture from filter 3 by turning the knob installed in its
lower part.
Regularly, once every two to three months, as the condensate rises to the damper level, remove filter 3 for
cleaning and rinsing. Fill oil sprayer 2 with oil I-20A GOST 20799-75 as the body is emptied.
Specification of pneumatic devices

No.
according to
Name Type Quantity
the scheme
(Figure 7)
1 Three-way valve IV76-21 1
3 2
2 Lubricator В44-23 1
Filter (moisture
3/8" 3 В41-13 1
separator)
Figure 7 Pneumatic equipment diagram
21
9. Controls
Figure 8 Machine Controls
All control elements, except for bolt 13, must be activated only by hand. The use of additional means (levers,
pipes, etc.) is strictly prohibited!
If control is difficult and it is not possible to fix the defect on your own, you should contact the manufacturer.
Item
number Controls and their purpose Method of use Note
(Figure 8)
Four fixed positions for setting
Switch when handles 8 and 16 are in the
Handle for setting the a range of speeds and three
1 middle positions. If it is difficult to turn on,
spindle speed range intermediate positions for
turn the spindle slightly by hand
dividing multi-start threads
Switch when handle 1 is in any left
position. If it is difficult to turn on, slightly
2 Spindle speed setting handle Six fixed positions turn the spindle manually, having first
turned off the electric motor and set
handle 8 to one of the extreme positions
22
Handle for setting the Two fixed positions for normal
normal increased thread and increased pitch and an
3 turn the spindle manually, having first
pitch and position when intermediate position for
dividing multi-start threads dividing multi-start threads
Handle for installing right
4 Two fixed positions turn the spindle manually, having first
and left threads
Handle for setting the feed
5 Four fixed positions turn the spindle manually, having first
amount and thread pitch
Handle for setting the type position. If it is difficult to turn on, slightly
6 of work: feed and type of Four fixed positions turn the spindle manually, having first
thread being cut turned off the electric motor and set
Handle for setting the feed Switch when handle 1 is in any left
Four fixed positions, indicated
rate and thread pitch and position. If it is difficult to turn on, slightly
by letters, and two
7 turning off the gearbox feed turn the spindle manually, having first
intermediate positions,
mechanism when cutting turned off the electric motor and set
indicated by arrows
threads directly handle 8 to one of the extreme positions
Three fixed positions. Middle
position - clutch disengaged,
brake on. Move towards
Use when switch 30 is on (signal lamp 29
Main drive friction clutch yourself and turn to the right -
lights up) and after pressing the black “
8 control handle (interlocked enable direct rotation of the
Start” button on the push-button station
with handle 16) spindle. Move towards
12
yourself and turn to the left -
enable reverse rotation of the
spindle
Button spool for lubrication
9 of carriage guides and Pressing to open the spool See sections 5 and 6
caliper cross slides
Rotating counterclockwise
Handwheel for manual moves the carriage to the left. Use with bolt 13 turned off, handle 11 on
10
carriage movement Clockwise rotation - moves and handles 15 and 20 off
the carriage to the right
Moving away from you -
Turn on (engage the gear with the rack)
engagement of the gear with
Rack and pinion on/off with the handle 15 off. If turning on is
11 the rack. Moving towards
handle difficult, slightly turn the flywheel 10. Turn
yourself - disengaging the
off when cutting precise threads
gear from the rack
23
Press the black button when switch 30 is
Pressing the black button
Push-button station for on (signal lamp 29 lights up). Use the red
turns on the electric motor.
12 turning on and off the main button if it is necessary to turn off the
Pressing the red button turns
drive motor electric motor and for an emergency stop
off the electric motor
of the machine
Turning the bolt clockwise
with a wrench secures the
Bolt securing the carriage to carriage. Turning the bolt Secure the carriage when transporting the
13
the frame counterclockwise with a machine and heavy mechanical work
wrench - detaches the
carriage
Lifting up - turning on the Use when working on stops or when
14 Feed switch handle
apron worm turning off the feed as a result of overload
Use when cutting threads with handle 20
turned off. If it is difficult to turn on the
Lead screw nut on/off Turn down - turn on the nut. flywheel 10, slightly move the carriage.
15
handle Turn up - turn off the nut After switching on, it is recommended to
turn off the rack and pinion gear using
handle 11
Three fixed positions. Middle
position - clutch disengaged,
Main drive friction clutch brake on. Pressing to the left
16 control handle (interlocked and turning up turns on direct Same as for handle 8
with handle 8) spindle rotation. Pressing left
and turning down - turns on
reverse spindle rotation
Clockwise rotation - moves
Tailstock quill movement the quill to the left. Rotate when handle 19 is in the left
17
flywheel Counterclockwise rotation - position
moves the quill to the right
Turning away from you -
The tailstock must be in a fixed state at all
Handle for attaching the securing the tailstock. Turn
18 times. Detach only during movements of
tailstock to the frame towards yourself - detach the
the tailstock along the bed
tailstock
Turn right - the quill is
Clamp when processing parts in the
19 Tailstock quill clamp handle clamped. Turn left - the quill
centers
is released
Turn left - enable the carriage

to move to the left. Turn right
Handle for controlling - enable the carriage to move
mechanical movements of to the right. Turn away from
20 Use with handle 11 on and handle 15 off
the carriage and cross slides you to enable forward
of the caliper movement of the cross slide.
Turn toward you to enable the
cross slide to move backwards
24
Button for turning on the
electric motor for driving
Pressing turns on the electric Use for fast idle movements of the caliper
21 rapid movements of the
motor with the handle 20 on
carriage and cross slide of
the caliper
The machine model 16K20P is equipped
Clockwise rotation moves the
Handle for manual with a device for mechanical movement of
slide to the left. Rotate
22 movement of the tool slide the cutting slide. The movement is
counterclockwise - moves the
of the caliper activated by pulling out button 122 (Fig.
slide to the right
29) while tightening handle 129 (Fig. 30)
Counterclockwise rotation -
Handle for rotating and releases and rotates the
The cutting head can be installed in any
23 securing the indexable cutting head. Clockwise
intermediate position, except for four fixed
cutting head rotation - fixing and securing
the cutting head
Turn towards the lamp base
24 Local lamp switch to turn it on. Turn towards the Use with switch on 30
lamp bulb to turn off.
Clockwise rotation moves the
Handle for manual
slide forward.
25 movement of the cross slide Works when the handle is off 20
Counterclockwise rotation -
of the caliper
moves the slide backwards
Turning clockwise reduces the
amount of coolant supplied to
26 Adjustable coolant nozzle Use with switch on 28
the cutting tool. Rotate
counterclockwise increase
Serves to determine the load
on the main drive electric
motor when processing parts. ATTENTION! In the range of spindle
The shaded zone is the zone revolutions per minute 12.5-40, the load
27 Machine load indicator
of maximum efficiency of the limit values should be taken according to
machine, and its right border the table (see section 12.1.2)
is the limit, beyond which the
arrow is not allowed to pass
Switching on and off is carried
28 Electric coolant pump switch out in accordance with the Use with switch on 30
symbols on the control panel.
The lamp lights up - power is
29 Signal lamp Lights up when switch 30 is turned on
on
Turning on and off is controlled by lamp
Switching on and off is carried
29. Automatic shutdown can occur for
30 Input circuit breaker out in accordance with the
reasons listed in section 7 “Electrical
symbols on the control panel.
equipment”
25
10. Starting the Machine and Some Terms of Use
By successively turning on the machine without load at various speeds and feeds, starting from minimum, for
several hours, you should make sure that all mechanisms are working normally.
After this, you can begin setting up the machine for processing parts.
IMPORTANT! During the first 50-60 hours for running-in, work only at medium speeds and loads, paying special
attention to monitoring the functioning of the lubrication system.
The machines are intended for use primarily in tool and repair shops in small-scale and single-piece production
for a variety of finishing and semi-finishing work. The temperature in the room where they are installed should be
10-30°C, relative humidity - no more than 80% at 10°C or 60% at 30°C.
The period of maintaining the initial accuracy and durability of the machine depends on the environment,
therefore it is unacceptable to install tanks in rooms with a high concentration of abrasive dust and scale.
Processing cast iron parts contributes to increased wear of rubbing parts, therefore, when processing such parts,
it is necessary to remove chips and dust from the guides of the frame and carriage and lubricate them several
times a shift.
It is advisable that the processing of cast iron parts does not exceed 20% of the total number of products.
To maintain the original accuracy for a long time, it is not recommended to combine finishing and roughing
operations on one machine (as noted above, which especially applies to the 16K20P machine).
The minimum recommended carriage speed is 10 mm/min.
Parts with an imbalance greater than that shown in the table cannot be processed .
Imbalance (G.R), kg-cm

Spindle revolutions
per minute Mounting in the Installation in
chuck centers
630 55 120
1250 15 30
1600 8 16
It is necessary to avoid processing products with impact.
The diameter of the drill when drilling cast iron parts should not exceed 28 mm (1-1/8"), when drilling steel parts
- 25 mm (1").
A machine left for a long time (more than two days) must be covered with a cover and all unpainted surfaces
must be thoroughly lubricated.
26
11. Instructions for Installation and Use of Chucks and Rests
The chuck is connected to the spindle using an adapter flange 17 ( Figure 13 and Figure 16).
Four studs 16 are screwed into the flange 17. Then the flange is placed on the spindle cone. In this case, the
locking ring 240 must be installed in such a way as to ensure free passage of the pins 16 through the holes. After
installing the flange 17, the locking ring 240 is rotated, and by uniformly cross-tightening the nuts 14, a backlash-
free fit of the ends of the flange 17, the chuck and the spindle flange 232 and 238 is achieved.
The cartridge body is centered along the cylindrical flange 17 and is attached to it with screws.
Before starting installation, make sure there are no nicks on the mating surfaces and wipe them thoroughly with
a lint-free cloth.
The accuracy of the chuck fit on the spindle is checked by an indicator using a control band located on the outer
cylindrical surface of the chuck body.
Radial runout should not exceed 0.02 mm.
To ensure the reliability of the clamp and safety of operation, you must strictly adhere to the requirements set
out in the cartridge passport. The passport is in the box in which the cartridge is packed.
Installation of a cartridge type ST-250P-F6 without an adapter flange is carried out using the above method.
The movable and bushing steady rests are installed on the carriage plates on the left side and secured with two
bolts М16Х70.66.05, GOST 7808-70. The bushing steady, in which the hole is bored along the line of the centers,
is aligned using two conical pins 12 X 70, GOST 9464-70. The fixed steady rest is installed on the frame to the
left of the carriage.
27
12. Machine Mechanics
12.1. Main movement mechanism
12.1.1. The spindle speed is set using two handles 1 and 2 (Figure 8) according to the table (Figure 9) placed on
the spindle head. The right side of the table shows the series of spindle revolutions per minute during forward
rotation and the positions of the handles for setting the required number of revolutions.
Handle 1 sets one of the four rows of spindle speeds in accordance with the designation of the handle position
printed on the table.
12.1.2. The highest permissible torque on the spindle and the highest permissible power
Table 6
Handle position Direct spindle rotation Reverse spindle rotation
Maximum Maximum
Maximum Maximum permissible
No. 1 No. 2 Spindle permissible permissible power Spindle
permissible power according to
Figure Figure revolutions torque on the according to load revolutions
torque on the the Load indicator 27
8 8 per minute spindle, KGS indicator 27 Figure per minute
spindle, KGS M Figure 8 kW
M 8, kW
1 12.5 100 1.7
19 100 2.7
2 16 100 2.1
3 20 100 2.7
1:32 30 100 4.2
4 25 100 3.4
5 31.5 100 4.2

48 100 6.7
6 40 100 5.4
1 50 100 6.7
75 100 10.5
2 63 100 8.5
3 80 100 10.7
1:8 120 65.5 11
4 100 82 11
5 125 65.6 11
190 41.4 11
6 160 51.2 11
1 200 43.9 11
300 28.1 11
2 250 35.1 11
3 315 27.9 11
1:2 476 17.7 11
4 400 22 11
5 500 17.6 11
753 11.2 11
6 630 13.9 11
1 500 17.6 11
753 11.2 11
2 630 13.9 11
3 800 11 11
1.25:1 1200 7 11
4 1000 8.8 11
5 1250 7 11
1900 4.4 11
6 1600 5.5 11
28
Note. The data is given for machines with a spindle speed of 12.5-1600 rpm and a drive motor power of 11 kW (14.7 hp). For machines
manufactured to order, these data must be recalculated accordingly.
Handle 2, on the hub of which the numbers 1-6 are printed, sets the required number of revolutions from the
selected row.
To do this, the number indicating the required number of revolutions according to the table must be aligned with
the vertical arrow shown above the handle.
Note. In Figure 9 shows a table for the main version of machines with spindle speed limits per minute of 12.5-
1600. Setting the spindle speed on spindles with other ranges, supplied by special order, is carried out similarly
according to the table placed on the spindle head of the machine.
29
t K L M N t
MM 4.5 5D11 36 86 64 t= K L =40 86
min A B C D /min
5.5 44 L N 86 64 t= K M=60 86
27 40 86 54 L N 73 36 1:32 1:8 1:2 1.25:1
1" 19 32A1 60 73
57
K 2t= K L =60 86
L N 86 48
I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV
18 54
13 52
L 1 12.5-1600 0.05 0.06 0.075 0.09 0.1 0.125 0.15 0.175 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
11.5 40 86 46
11 16B1 44 200-630 0.1 0.125 0.15 0.175 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
9 N 50-160 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 2 2.4 2.8
4.5
4
8C1
60 73
36
54
72
1/2
12.5-40 1.6 2 2.4 2.8
1 12.5 50 200 500
MM 5 86
40 64
6
8
54
73
72
60 MM MM.π 12.5-1600 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 5 6 7 2 16 63 250 630
10 60 48 200-630 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14
12
86
40
50-160 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 20 24 28 32 40 48 56 3 20 80 315 800
1" 2 42/ 3 54
40
72
80
2 2/ 7 56 64
127* 80* 12.5-40 16 20 24 28 32 40 48 56 64 80 96 112 4 25 100 400 1000
2
2.25
60
60
60
40
M K 1" 1"π 12.5-1600 32 40 48 56 16 20 24 28 8 10 12 14 4 5 6 7
MM. π
2.75
4.5
2.5C11 66
60
36
40
L 200-630 16 20 24 28 8 10 12 14 4 5 6 7 2 2.5 3 3.5 5 31.5 125 500 1250
5.5 5D11 66 36 50-160 4 5 6 7 2 2.5 3 3.5 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 0.5 0.75
9
11 10D11
60
66
73 86 40
36
12.5-40 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 0.5 0.75 6 40 160 630 1600
18
20C11 60 40 N
22 66 36
36 40D11 60 40
1"π 22
12C11
66
1:2 1.25:1 1:8 1:32
18 54 *M=1.5
60 73 86
11 66 MM
9
6D11 54 16K20 166 422
Figure 9
30
12.2. Feed Setting
The feed values are set using handles 5 and 7 (Figure 8) in accordance with the values indicated in the middle
upper part of the table (Figure 9).
𝐾 𝐿 40 86
ATTENTION! Table values of feed rates can be obtained only when installing replaceable gears 𝑡 = =
𝐿 𝑁 86 64
𝐾 𝐿 45 86
on machines of models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G and replaceable gears 𝑡 = = on a machine model
𝐿 𝑁 86 72
16K25.
The table (Figure 9) shows the values of longitudinal feeds. The amount of transverse feed is 1/2 of the
longitudinal feed.
To set feed rates equal to double the table values, you can use the instructions in section 12.3.3.
12.3. Threading Instructions

12.3.1. When leaving the factory on machines of models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G, replaceable gears with the
number of teeth z= 40, z= 86, z= 64 and a gear with z= 36 are installed, which performs the functions of a
suspension in this combination, and on the machine model 16K25 replaceable gears with z= 45, z= 86, z= 72 and
a replacement gear with z= 73, serving as a spacer.
𝐾 𝐿 40 86 𝐾 𝐿 45 86
The combination of replaceable gears = (on machines models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G) and =
𝐿 𝑁 86 64 𝐿 𝑁 86 72
(on machine model 16K25) ensures cutting metric and inch threads with pitches, the values of which are
indicated in the middle lower part of the table (Figure 9). To do this, use handle 6 to set the required type of
thread to be cut, and use handles 5 and 7 to select the required pitch.
The gears included in the main set are listed in section 19.5. Contents of delivery
12.3.2. By installing on the machines of models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G the combination of replaceable gears
𝐾 𝑀 60 86 𝐾 𝑀 80 86
= included in the main set on the machine model 16K25 combination = you can cut modular
𝐿 𝑁 86 36 𝐿 𝑁 86 48
and pitch threads, the pitch values of which are set with handles 5 and 7 according to the table ( Figure 9). In this
case, handle 6 should be switched to the appropriate type of thread.
12.3.3. By installing the combinations included in the main set of replaceable gears 2𝑡 = 𝐾𝐿 𝐿
𝑁
=
60 86
86 48
(on
𝐾 𝐿 60 90
machines models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G) or combinations 2𝑡 = = (on a machine model 16K25), it is
𝐿 𝑁 90 48
possible to cut metric and inch threads with pitches equal to double the values indicated in the table (Figure 9).
Note. Using these combinations of replaceable gears, similarly to those described, it is possible to obtain feed
rates equal to double the table values.
12.3.4. In addition to the above, the main sets include replaceable gears that provide cutting of inch threads with
the number of threads per 1 inch being 11 and 19.
You can find out how to configure the machine for cutting these threads in paragraph 12.3.5.
12.3.5. Using an additional set of replacement gears, supplied by special order, and the gear of the main set on
the machines, a whole series of threads can be cut through the feed box mechanism, the steps t of which are
shown on the left side of the table (Figure 9).
Setting up the machine for cutting these threads is done using the interchangeable gears indicated on the left
side of the table (Figure 9). Replacement gears listed on the left side of the table ( Figure 9), but not included in
the main set, are available by special order (19.5. Contents of delivery).
Just as in the cases described above, handle 6 sets the type of thread. Then, depending on the selected step t,
the table value indicated in the middle lower part of the table is set using the corresponding handles ( Figure 9).
31
Example. To cut a pitch thread with a pitch of 11 pitches, handle 6 must be placed in the position corresponding
to cutting this thread, handle 7 in position D and handle 5 in position III, which corresponds to a pitch of six
pitches according to the table (Figure 9).
𝐾 𝑀 60 86
On machines models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G, a combination of replaceable gears should be installed =
𝐿 𝑁 73 66
𝐾 𝑀 60 86
on the machine model 16K25 combination = .
𝐿 𝑁 66 73
12.3.6. Formulas for selecting replacement gears for cutting through the feed box mechanism of threads not
listed in the table (Figure 9).
Example. If it is necessary to cut metric threads with a pitch t = 18, you need to use the formulas given in Table 7.
Using the table (Figure 9), in the series of metric threads, we find the value of the thread pitch closest to the one
being cut.
These are t= 16 and t= 20. In our case, let’s choose, for example, step t= 20 and substitute the values into the
formulas to find the number of teeth z of gears that need to be made to cut this thread 𝑡nar =18, 𝑡table =20.
Machines models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G

Equation 1
𝐾 𝑀 5 𝑡nar 5 18 90 9 9.4 36 36 86
= = = = = = = 𝐿 = 𝑀.
𝐿 𝑁 8 𝑡table 8 20 160 16 16.4 64 86 64
Table 7
Machines models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G
Metric Inch Modular Pitching
𝐾 𝑀 5 𝑡nar 𝐾 𝑀 5 𝑛nar 𝐾 𝑀 60 86 𝑚nar 𝐾 𝑀 60 86 𝑝nar

= = = =
𝐿 𝑁 8 𝑡table 𝐿 𝑁 8 𝑛table 𝐿 𝑁 73 36 𝑚table 𝐿 𝑁 73 36 𝑝table
Machine 16K25
𝐾 𝑀 5 𝑡nar 𝐾 𝑀 5 𝑛nar 𝐾 𝑀 80 86 𝑚nar 𝐾 𝑀 80 86 𝑝nar

= = = =
𝐿 𝑁 8 𝑡table 𝐿 𝑁 8 𝑛table 𝐿 𝑁 73 48 𝑚table 𝐿 𝑁 73 48 𝑝table
𝑡nar - pitch of cut 𝑛nar - number of 𝑚nar - cut thread 𝑝nar - step of the thread
thread, mm threads per 1 inch of module being cut, pitch
thread being cut
𝑡table - table value of 𝑛table - table value of 𝑚table - table thread 𝑝table - table value of
the thread pitch closest the thread closest to value closest to 𝑚nar the thread pitch closest
to the thread being cut 𝑛nar to the thread being cut
Machine model 16K25

Equation 2
𝐾 𝑀 5 𝑡nar 5 18 5 9 5.9 9.9 45 81 45 81

= = = = = = .
𝐿 𝑁 8 𝑡table 8 20 8 10 8.9 10.9 72 90 90 72
When calculating the number of teeth of replacement gears required for cutting threads whose pitch is not in the
table, coefficients should be selected that would allow maximum use of the gears supplied with the machines.
32
Thus, in Equation 1, it is advisable to take a coefficient equal to 4, which makes it possible to use replaceable
gears of the main set with the number of teeth z= 36 and z= 64, and the gear of the main set with the number of
teeth z= 86 is taken as an intermediate one.
In Equation 2, it is advisable to take a coefficient equal to 9, which allows the use of gears of the main set with
the number of teeth z= 45, z= 72, z= 90.
After calculations according to the drawing (Figure 10 for machines models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G and Figure
11 for machine model 16K25), you should check the possibility of meshing the gears of the found combinations. It
must be remembered that the number of teeth for gear K, installed on the I axis, should not exceed 88 with
module m=2, and for gear N, installed on the II axis, 73 with the same module.
Due to the fact that in Equation 2 the number of teeth of the replacement gear N turned out to be equal to 90, the
45 81 45 81
ratio was replaced by the identical ratio of , which meets the above conditions.
72 90 90 72
As the resulting combinations of replaceable gears show, to cut metric threads with a pitch t = 18 on machines of
models 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G, you need to use the replaceable gears of the main set.
For a machine model 16K25, it is necessary to additionally manufacture a gear with the number of teeth z= 81
and module m=2 according to the standard drawing (Figure 12).
Please note that this gear is included in an additional set of replacement gears available upon special order. If
you have such a set, there is no need to make it.
When setting up a machine for cutting metric threads with a pitch t = 18 mm, a combination of replaceable gears
𝐾 𝐿 36 86 𝐾 𝐿 45 81
should be installed = or = (on a machine model 16K25) and place handles 5 and 7 respectively
𝐿 𝑁 86 64 𝐿 𝑁 90 72
in positions II and A or II and C, i.e. for cutting metric threads with pitch t = 20 according to the table ( Figure 9)
and handle 1 set the corresponding number of spindle revolutions.
147.684
I
202
II
R 184
R 74
Figure 10 Drawing for checking the possibility of engagement of replaceable gears on machines 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G.
33
147.684
237
II
R 195
R 85
Figure 11 Drawing for checking the possibility of engagement of replaceable gears on a 16K25 machine.
-0.03
18 -0.15
7
18°
7
7
7
+0.060
7+0.035
7
+0.50
34+0.17
50
36
36
N
6
7
28+0.023
5
7
15
Figure 12 Typical drawing of a replacement gear *For machine 16K20P
34
12.3.7. High-precision thread cutting with direct connection of the lead screw to the spindle through replaceable
gears with disabling the feed box mechanism.
Use handle 6 to set the appropriate type of thread, and place handle 7 in the neutral position indicated by the
arrow (to prevent idle rotation of the feed box mechanism).
The selection of replacement gears for cutting a certain thread pitch with increased precision is made according
𝐾 𝑀 𝑡
to the formula: = .
𝐿 𝑁 8
To cut these threads using a set of replacement gears supplied by the factory, you should use the data given in
the middle-left part of the table (Figure 9). As can be seen from the table, using the gears of the main set, it is
possible to cut metric threads of increased accuracy with a pitch of t=5 mm, t=10 mm, t=12 mm.
The remaining metric and imperial thread pitches shown in the table can be cut using an optional set of
replacement gears available upon special order.
12.3.8. Multi-start thread cutting.

When cutting multi-start threads:
1) Handles 8 and 16 must be in the middle positions,
2) Use handle 15 to turn on the lead screw nut,
3) Using handles 1 and 2, according to the table placed on the spindle head, set the required number of spindle
revolutions, and using handles 5 and 7, the required value of the pitch of the thread being cut,
4) By manually turning flange 24 (Figure 13 and Figure 16), align the arrow pointer on it with one of the marks of
the spindle dividing ring 240, indicated by some number,
5) When cutting threads with pitches within the range of metric and modular from 0.5 to 7, inch and pitch from 56
to 4, disengage the spindle from the kinematic chain of the machine for dividing by the number of passes by
setting handle 3 to the position marked with a special symbol indicating spindle shutdown. For the remaining
thread pitches, disengagement is carried out by turning handle 1 from the fixed position to the nearest
intermediate position, marked with a similar symbol,
6) Division by the number of starts is done by manually turning the spindle by the number of notches
corresponding to the number of starts of the thread being cut (with two starts - 30 notches, with three - by 20,
with four - by 15, etc.),
7) Set handle 1 or 3 to its original position,
8) Cut the thread,
9) Upon subsequent division, repeat the operations outlined in paragraphs 5-8 in a similar way.
35
13. Brief Description of the Main Units and Their Regulation
13.1. Headstock (Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16)
13.1.1. The spindle head is rigidly mounted on the bed when assembling the machine. If it is necessary to adjust
the spindle headstock in the horizontal plane, it is necessary to remove the feed box lining, loosen the screws
securing the headstock and use a special adjusting screw to adjust the position of the spindle axis using test
grooves to the required accuracy.
13.1.2. When the pulley 74 is loosened on the conical part of the shaft 69, screw 70 must be tightened ( Figure
13).
13.1.3. The torque on the spindle must correspond to the data given in Table 6 (12. Machine Mechanics).
When the torque decreases, you must first check the tension of the main drive belt drive (see paragraph 13.6.
Motor Installation (Figure 31)). If the belt tension is sufficient, the main drive friction clutch located in the spindle
head should be adjusted. To do this, you need to open the cover 99 ( Figure 14) of the spindle head and remove
the oil distribution tray 162 (Figure 15).
By turning nut 62 (Figure 13) clockwise with recessed (pressed) latch 80, you can tighten the direct rotation
clutch of the spindle, and by turning nut 59 counterclockwise, you can tighten the reverse rotation clutch. To
facilitate adjustment of the spindle forward rotation clutch, handle 8 (Figure 8) must be turned to the left, to
facilitate adjustment of the spindle reverse rotation clutch - to the right.
Usually, it is enough to turn nuts 59 and 62 by 1/16 of a turn, i.e. by one tooth. Upon completion of the
adjustment, you need to make sure that the latch 80 fits securely into the grooves of the nuts 59 and 62.
When turning the nuts by more than 1/16 of a turn, it is necessary to check whether the torque on the spindle
does not exceed the permissible one according to the Table 6 (12. Machine Mechanics).
13.1.4. If, at the maximum number of revolutions of the spindle without the product and chuck, its braking time
exceeds 1.5 s, then you need to tighten the brake band using nuts 145.
13.1.5. ATTENTION! Spindle bearings are adjusted at the factory and do not require additional adjustment.
In case of emergency, the consumer can resort to adjusting the spindle supports using highly qualified
specialists.
However, before this it is necessary to check the rigidity of the spindle assembly. To do this, a jack with a
laboratory-tested dynamometer is installed on the frame under the spindle flange, and a force directed vertically
from bottom to top is applied to its flange through a gasket that protects the spindle from damage. The spindle
displacement is controlled by a certified indicator with a division value of no more than 0.001 mm, installed on
the spindle head and touching the upper part of the spindle flange with its measuring tip. A spindle deflection of
0.001 mm should occur with an applied force of at least 45-50 kgf. If the load value at a displacement of 0.001
mm is significantly lower than specified, it is most advisable to contact the factory with a detailed description of
the testing procedure and an indication of the measured values, as well as information about the machine listed
in 1. Introduction. In each individual case, specific advice will be given, or a specialist installer will be sent.
Note. The machines are equipped with front spindle bearings No. 3182120 class 4, GOST 7634-56 and rear
spindle bearings No. 46216L class 5, GOST 831-62 (see Figure 13) or front bearings No. 697920L class 2 and rear
bearings No. 17716L class 2 according to TUST 5434 (see Figure 16). Spindle bearings are not regulated by order.
36
Currently, the machine is equipped with front spindle bearings No. 3182120, GOST 7634-75, and rear spindle
bearings No. 46216, GOST 831-75.
13.1.6. In the case when the friction clutch is not completely closed, it is necessary to adjust its control circuit in
the following order (adjustment should only be done when the power supply to the machine is turned off):
Remove cover 99 (Figure 14) and oil distribution tray 162 (Figure 15).
Set handles 8 and 16 (Figure 8) to the neutral position.
Unscrew the clutch nuts: nut 62 counterclockwise, nut 59 clockwise.
Remove the cartridge guard locking screw from engagement with part 6 by loosening the locknut and unscrewing
the screw.
Set rail 9 and sector 10 relative to each other according to the zero marks marked on them.
Install coupling 4 symmetrically relative to rocker arm 5.
Check the clutch stroke when turning handle 8 on clutch 4 should be 16 mm).
On the right and left (the amount of movement on both sides is not less than when the left and right positions of
the handle 8 are turned on, tighten the nuts 59 and 62 until the clutch discs of the right and left clutches are fully
engaged.
With the clutch in the right position, close the cartridge casing and by rotating the locking screw, lower the
locking pin until it comes into contact with the rack shaft 9.
Place the oil distribution tray and close the cover 99.
37
14 16 17 18 19
207
206
E 240 H
8 9 11 12
98 1 2 208
97 33
96 24 34
10
95 235 233 234 32 35
36
B B
94 28
93 92 3 38 37
29
241
90 91 232 31 C
4 40 39
C 6 7
5 54
229
89 88 212 55
G 203
87 G
41
56
217 86 42
210 57 43
58
218 82 59
A
D A 47 D
209 71 62 60 61 44
72 45
224 63 210 46
73 50
214 237
213 51
211 202
A-A 78 77 48
68 67 66 53 49
80 215
76 65
79 1-42 X 62-2 GOST8752-70
75 200 10CT23 1-77-71
E 236
74 198
70 69 H
1-45 X 65-2 GOST8752-70
10CT23 1-77-71 Figure 13 Headstock
38
I
B-B 99 D-D
100
101 111
102 110
33
96 38
158 105
106
157
35
37
245 244 10 32 151 36 149 34 122 121 43 45 118 117 116 218
C-C I G-G
91
146 243
123
145 242
132
124
133
41
90 127
39
40
129 128
Figure 14 Headstock
143 142 3 140 138 137 136
39
E-E
160 92 162 163 94 Z-Z
Z 165
166
98
93
169
96
177 174 171

7 9 180 8
Z
H-H
223 222 221
33 242 42
1-90 X 120-2 GOST8752-70

1.0CT23 1-77-71
Figure 15 Headstock
40
18
17
16
14 21
197
24
196
186
165
239
30
56
238
193 187
192
191
228 237
246
Figure 16 Spindle assembly drawing
41
13.2. Tailstock (Figure 17, Figure 18)
13.2.1. If the handle 19, retracted to the rearmost position, does not provide sufficient clamping of the tailstock
to the frame, then it is necessary to set the required clamping force by adjusting the screws 26 and 33 with the
lock nuts 27 and 34 released, changing the position of the clamping bar 31.
13.2.2. To install the tailstock coaxially with the spindle, using screws 41, align the surfaces of the plates A
located on the base plate 28 and body 2 into one plane.
13.3. Feed box (Figure 19, Figure 20, Figure 21)

13.3.1. When repairing the machine, special attention should be paid to the correct installation of the gear shift
mechanism mounted on plate 38, which is attached to housing 3, feed box 11. To avoid disrupting the order of
engagement of the gear wheels of the feed box during assembly, it is necessary to combine the marks marked on
gears 51 and 52.
13.4. Apron (Figure 22, Figure 23, Figure 24, Figure 25)
13.4.1. The force developed by the feed mechanism is regulated by turning nut 11. The amount of force is
determined by a dynamometer, which must be installed between the rigid stop 47 ( Figure 27) and the carriage 19
(Figure 26). Care should be taken to ensure that the amount of force does not exceed the permissible value
according to the Table 11 (19. Passport).
13.4.2. The queen nut 62 mounted on the bracket 61 is adjusted at the factory.
If it is necessary to restore or replace a worn nut during repairs, you must use a special jig and tap, drawings of
which can be sent upon request.
13.5. Caliper (Figure 26, Figure 27)

13.5.1. The backlash of the screw 20 of the drive of the transverse slide 11, which occurs when the nuts 22 and
23 are worn, is eliminated as follows.
The cover 12 is removed and the lock nut 15 is unscrewed using a drift (bit) made of soft metal. The clearance in
the screw pair is selected by rotating the nut 14. The amount of the gap is determined by the dial 40 with a slight
turn of the handle 33. The optimal value of the gap in the screw pair corresponds to the free play within one
division of the limb. Then the locknuts 15 are tightened and the cover 12 is installed.
13.5.2. The rear tool holder 8, available as an option, is mounted on a cross slide, as shown in Figure 26.
13.5.3. If, as the handle 4 wears out in the clamped position, it stops in a place that is inconvenient for the turner,
then by grinding or replacing the spacer ring 1, you can set the handle 4 to the required position.
13.5.4. If the accuracy of fixing the tool holder 43 decreases, it is necessary to disassemble the cutting head and
thoroughly clean the working surfaces of the mating parts. When crushing the tool holder, it is necessary to grind
the cones.
13.5.5. Setting the optimal gap between the carriage 19 and the strips 18, 64 and 66 is carried out by grinding the
latter.
The clearance in the guides of the cross slide 11 and the cutting slide 9 is sampled by tightening the
corresponding wedges 52 and 42 using screws whose heads are in the holes of the protectors 41 and 49.
13.5.6. For the convenience of determining the movement values of the cutting and cross slides when processing
parts, the caliper is equipped with a scale ruler.
On the cutting slide 9 there is a ruler with a division value of 1 mm.
The counting is carried out using the sighting device mounted on the rotating part 10 of the caliper.
42
On the carriage 19 there is a ruler with a division value of 10 mm by the diameter of the product, which is used to
control the amount of movement of the transverse slide 11 using a viewfinder attached to them.
The design of the ruler mounted on the carriage provides for the installation of a rigid stop for transverse
movements, supplied upon special order.
A rigid micrometric stop 47 for limiting longitudinal movements is mounted on the front 7 shelf of the frame with
two screws 82.
13.5.7. The machine model 16K20P is equipped with a support with a mechanical drive of the cutting slide
(Figure 28, Figure 29), which can also be supplied with the machine model 16K20 upon special order. The
mechanical movement of the cutting sled 9 is activated by pulling the button 122 towards you while holding the
handle 129. The feed rate of the cutter slide is equal to 1/4 of the longitudinal feed of the caliper.
Note. Numbers starting with 100 indicate parts that relate only to the support with a mechanical drive of the tool
slide. Numbers less than 100 are parts unified from a caliper with manual movement of the cutting slide ( Figure
26, Figure 27).
13.5.8. Shown in Figure 30 diagram serves for the correct installation of plugs, plugs and gaskets of the
lubrication system in the carriage when repairing the machine.
43
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
C B A
15
16
17
18
40 19
39 20
38
37 21
A-A
23
A 24
25 22
35 34 33 32 31 30 29 C B 28 27 26
Figure 17 Tailstock
44
B-B C-C
43 44 45 46
48
49
42
50
51
41 41
Figure 18 Tailstock
45
A-A
1-42x62-2 GOST8752-70 17
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 57 58 12 13 14 15
1 2
1-42x62-
GOST8752-70
36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 59 24 23 22 21 61 19 60
1-25x42-2 GOST8752-70
Figure 19 Gearbox
46
B-B
A
40
39
38
37
Figure 20 Gearbox A
47
G-G B
C C
41 42 43 44 45 65 64 46 A - A 47 48 49 50 66 51 67 52 B
56
63 55 62 54 53
Figure 21 Gearbox
48
A-A
D I 8 7
70 71 72 73 74 1 2 75 3 4 5
76
77
95
28 27
26 78
94
93
24
22
92 91 90 20 18 89 17 23 88 87 86 85 84 14 15 83 82 13 12 81 80 79 58 11
I
D Figure 22 Apron
49
96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 37 105 106 107 108 38 40
134 41
133
132
131
130
129 128
114
115 112 110 109 42 39
52
127 116
126 117
125 124 123
118
43
122 121 120 119

Figure 23 Apron
50
A D-D K I-I
56
55
135
142
136
19 141 57
155 62 137
154
143
153
144 138
152
140
151 145 29
150
25
149
148
21
61
K 139
147 146 66
A
Figure 24 Apron
51
K-K
156 157 158 159 160 161 162 63 158 156
165
164
59
163
Figure 25 Apron
52
B-B
A-A
V
1 2 3 4
5
45
54 6
44
A 7
A
8
43 9
42 10
B B
11
38 39 40 41 12
13
14
37 15
36
35
34
33 32 31 30 29 132 28 27 26 25 24 23 22
20 19 18 17 16
Figure 26 Caliper
V
53
V-V
46 47 48 11 10 49 50 19 51 52 53 9 55 56 57 58
59
60
61
62
63
G 66 65 64
G-G
76 78 77 78 79 80 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74
82 81
Figure 27 Caliper
54
13.6. Motor Installation (Figure 31)
13.6.1. When the torque on the spindle decreases (see Table 6, 12.1. Main movement mechanism), first you
should check the tension of the main drive belts.
If the belts are not tensioned enough, then you need to loosen the screws 1, and by smoothly rotating the nut 7
counterclockwise, lower the under-engine plate b until the required tension of the belts is achieved, after which
screws 1 are screwed in completely.
13.6.2. The tension of the lubrication system pump drive belt is carried out by raising the tank 2, for which you
need to loosen three screws 3 (one is shown in the drawing), with the help of which the tank is attached to the
under-engine plate b.
13.7. Main Drive Friction Clutch Control Mechanism (Figure 32)

13.7.1. The design of the mechanism eliminates the possibility of turning on or off the friction clutch when
accidentally pressing handles 12 and 24, which are interlocked as follows.
When operating handle 12, handle 24 repeats the first operations. Switching off is possible with any of the
handles. If the clutch was engaged by handle 24, then disengagement can also be done by handle 12, only if this
handle is first rotated to the appropriate operating position and then returned to the neutral (middle) position to
disengage.
13.8. Gearbox (replacement gears) (Figure 33)

13.8.1. The gearbox (replaceable gears) serves to transmit rotation from the output shaft (axis I) of the spindle
head to the output shaft (axis II) of the feed box by installing combinations of replaceable gears in accordance
with the diagrams in the table (Figure 9). The machine can be set up to cut various threads.
Replacement gears K and N are mounted on splined shafts and secured with bolts 9 through washers 8.
Intermediate gears L and M are installed on the splined sleeve 10 of the axis 13, secured with a key in the
required location of the groove of the bracket 3, which is fixed with nut b.
13.8.2. At the ends of the replacement gears K, L, M, N are marked (see packing list), the number of teeth z and
the module m.
13.8.3. When fixing bracket 3 and axle 13, you need to install replacement gears with minimal radial clearance.
We must not forget about regular lubrication (see 6.2. Lubrication map) of replacement parts. gears and bushing
10, which is lubricated through the oiler cap 12.
13.9. Bed, racks, lead screw, drive shaft and fast movement drive of the caliper (Figure 34)
13.9.1. The tension of the drive belt for fast movements of the caliper is carried out by adjusting screw 3, which
is locked with nut 2.
13.9.2. When cleaning the lead screw 13 and the drive shaft 14, it is necessary to remove the shields 9 and 10.
To do this, you need to loosen the screws 19 and remove the shields from the side of the rear bracket 18.
55
43
7
9
100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 17 117 18
41 42 125 124 123
P-P
122
121
120
119
118
117
116
115
24
28
Figure 28 Caliper with mechanical drive of cutting sleds
56
43 3 125 123 124 126 127 53 9 55 130 59 57 60
50
58
100
113 I I
61
129
I-I
130
48 66 114 117 115 28 52 65 64 131
Figure 29 Caliper with mechanical drive of cutting sleds
57
E
I
I-I
E E-E
I
K
K-K
M O
P N N
L P
L-L
O
O-O
M-M
M
P-P
L N-N
Small plug
Felt products
Rubber gasket
Figure 30 Layout of plugs and gaskets in the carriage
58
1 2 3 1
A-A
9
A A
7 4 1 6 5 4
Figure 31 Motor installation
59
1 14 11 13 12
22
A
23
24
A-A
26
27 28 29 30 29 31 32 33 34 35
Figure 32 Main drive friction clutch control mechanism
60
A-A A
K K
9
I I
8
13 1
2
12
11
10
N
L
M
II
9
II
8
N
5
7
4
6
A
Figure 33 Gearbox (replacement gears)
61
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 20 9 10 20 12 13 14
A-A
15
16
19
18
Figure 34 Bed, racks, running gear, running shaft and fast movement drive of the caliper
62
13.9.3 Once again, we draw attention to the need to indicate the longest length of the workpiece L when ordering
spare parts. To order slats, please refer to the table.
L 710 1000 1400 2000
Rail number 8 8 11 8 8
Quantity 1 1 1 2 3
13.9.4 Installation and removal of the bridge (Figure 35). The 16K20G machine is supplied with a bridge 3
installed on the bed. If it is necessary to process large-diameter parts above a recess in the bed, the bridge is
removed. To do this, you need to unscrew the plugs 1, remove the screws 2 and pins 4.
1 2 3 1 4
Figure 35 Drawing for installing the bridge on the frame
To avoid nicks, place the bridge on a pad made of soft material and cover it with a thin layer of oil to prevent
corrosion.
Before installing the bridge on the frame, you should very carefully wipe the seating surfaces of the frame and
bridge and make sure there are no nicks.
13.9.5. You should be aware that when processing parts above a recess on a faceplate with a diameter of 500
mm (19-11/16"), the spindle speed should not exceed 400 rpm. When processing unbalanced products, the
speed should be reduced.
63
13.10. Center tool holder (Figure 36)
13.10.1. In the manual, the definition of “center tool” is understood as a cutting tool for machining holes whose
axis coincides with the axis of the spindle (for example, drills, countersinks, reamers, etc.).
13.10.2. The center tool holder is used when machining holes with manual and mechanical carriage feeds.
Holder 1 is installed in the position of the tool holder, marked with a symbol indicating the drill, until it stops
against its side edge and is clamped with screws.
A sleeve 2 with a conical hole for the tool is inserted into the cylindrical hole of the holder and secured with a
screw 3.
B
B-B
A A
1
4
B
2 3
A-A
Figure 36 Center Tool Holder
13.10.3. The alignment of the axis of the cutting tool with the axis of the spindle is carried out by moving the
transverse slide of the support until the sight line coincides with the mark on the carriage, indicated by a symbol
identical to that on the tool holder. Moreover, the viewfinder must be pushed into the bracket until it stops.
Correction of the position of the cutting tool axis is carried out by the handle for moving the transverse slide.
64
13.11. Tool arbor for processing parts above a recess in the bed (Figure 37)
4 3
1 2
5
Figure 37 Tool arbor for machining parts above a recess in the bed
13.11.1. The machine model 16K20G is equipped with a special cutting mandrel for processing parts above a
recess in the bed, which prevents the carriage from hanging from the bed guides.
13.11.2. Mandrel 1 is installed in holder 2, as shown in Figure 37. Cutter 4 is secured with screws 5.
13.11.3. Processing using a mandrel should be carried out at minimum conditions.
14. Kinematic Scheme (Figure 38)

14.1. The kinematic diagram is given to understand the connections and interactions of the main elements of the
machine. The numbers of teeth (z) of the gears are indicated on the callouts (the asterisk indicates the number
of worm runs). Number 1 indicates a support with mechanical movement of the cutting slide (clause 13.5.7).
65
15. Bearings Layout (Figure 39)
15.1. Bearings should be ordered in accordance with the data given in the list of rolling bearings (clause 15.2)).
Table 8
15.2. LIST OF ROLLING BEARINGS

Bearing No. Dimensions, mm Wall in which Quantity
Accuracy Scheme
according GOST No. bearings are per
d D V class no.
to GOST installed machine
Single row radial ball bearings
104 8338-75 20 42 12 0 Apron 74 1

105 8338-75 25 47 12 0 Apron 61, 84 2
106 8338-75 30 55 13 0 Gearbox 47 1
107 8338-75 35 62 14 0 Headstock 25 1
107 8338-75 35 62 14 0 Gearbox 41 1
108 8338-75 40 68 15 0 Headstock 5, 6 2
109 8338-75 45 75 16 0 Headstock 3, 4 2
110 8338-75 50 80 16 6 Headstock 14, 16 2
110 8338-75 50 80 16 0 Apron 68, 69, 75 3
202 8338-75 15 35 11 0 Gearbox 30 1
202 8338-75 15 35 11 0 Apron 72, 73 2
203 8338-75 17 40 12 0 Carriage 80, 81 2
204K 8338-75 20 47 14 0 Headstock 23 1
33, 34, 42,
204K 8338-75 20 47 14 0 Gearbox 45, 46, 48, 7
49
205K 8338-75 25 52 15 6 Headstock 22, 26 2
205K 8338-75 25 52 15 0 Gearbox 35, 44 2
208K 8338-75 40 80 18 6 Headstock 9, 10 2
208 8338-75 40 80 18 6 Headstock 7 1
209 8338-75 45 85 19 6 Headstock 1, 2 2
303K2 8338-75 17 47 14 0 Gearbox 43 1
304K 8338-75 20 52 15 0 Gearbox 27, 52 2
1000096 8338-75 6 15 5 0 Apron 82 1
Caliper with
mechanical
1000900 8338-75 10 22 6 0 92-99 8
movement of the
cutting sled
1000900 8338-75 10 22 6 0 Apron 65 1
1000902 8338-75 15 28 7 0 Gearbox 38 1
1000905 8338-75 25 42 9 0 Apron 57 1
1000907 8338-75 35 55 10 0 Gearbox 31, 32 2
7000103 8338-75 17 35 8 0 Gearbox 36, 37 2
7000103 8338-75 17 35 8 0 Apron 53-56, 70 8
7000107 8338-75 35 62 9 0 Gearbox 50, 51 2
Single row radial ball bearings with one protective washer
60104 7242-70 20 42 12 0 Apron 63 1

60210 7242-70 50 90 20 0 Apron 66 1
66
Single row radial ball bearings with two protective washers
80018 7242-70 8 22 7 0 Chuck guard 3
Single row angular contact ball bearings
59, 60, 67,

46203 831-75 17 40 12 0 Apron 71, 76, 77, 7
83
46216I* 831-75 80 140 26 5 Headstock 20, 21 2
Tapered roller bearings
7207 333-71 35 72 18.5 0 Headstock 17 1

7305 333-71 25 62 18.5 0 Headstock 8 1
7306 333-71 30 72 21 0 Headstock 11, 13 2
7308 333-71 40 90 25.5 0 Headstock 18 2
7604 333-71 20 52 25.5 0 Headstock 12, 15 2
Single thrust ball bearings
8102 6874-75 15 28 9 0 Caliper 87, 88 2

8102 6874-75 15 28 9 0 Tailstock 89 1
8103 6874-75 17 30 9 0 Apron 85 1
8104 6874-75 20 35 10 0 Carriage 79 1
8105 6874-75 25 42 11 0 Carriage 78 1
8105 6874-75 25 42 11 0 Tailstock 91 1
8105 6874-75 25 42 11 0 Apron 58, 62 2
8106 6874-75 30 47 11 CT2 Gearbox 39, 40 2
8107K 6874-75 35 52 12 0 Cutting head 86 1
8202 6874-75 15 32 12 0 Apron 64 1
8205 6874-75 25 47 15 0 Tailstock 90 1
Double row radial roller bearings with short cylindrical rollers
3182120* 7634-75 100 150 37 4*** Headstock 24 1
Double-row tapered roller bearing with a small cone angle and a shoulder on the outer ring
TUST
697920I** 98.425 152.4 92 2 101 1
5434 Headstock
Single row tapered roller bearing with a small cone angle and automatic clearance elimination
TUST
17716I** 80 140 77.07 15/26 102, 103 2
5434 Clutch control
* For tanks supplied with spindle bearing peaks shown in Fig. 14.
** For machines supplied with spindle bearings shown in fig. 17.
*** In the absence of a class 4 bearing, it is allowed to use a class 5 bearing, selected with a radial runout of
the raceway of the inner ring R1 of no more than 0.005 mm and a runout of the base end of the inner ring
relative to the hole Si of no more than 0.007 mm.
Note: 1. Bearings, indicated in the diagram by numbers from 92 to 99, are installed only in a support with
mechanical movement of the cutting slide.
2. Numbers 20, 21, 24 and 100, 101 indicate spindle bearings (see note to clause 13.1.5).
67
16. Specific Possible Faults
16.1. Machines can have various types of malfunctions. Many of them occur due to failure to follow care and
maintenance instructions.
In any case, before you begin troubleshooting, you need to familiarize yourself with the list of main possible
malfunctions (see Table 9), as well as the corresponding paragraph of section 13.
If the nature of the malfunction that has occurred is identical to the one described, you must use the proposed
elimination methods.
If the nature of the malfunction does not coincide with those listed and its elimination causes difficulties, contact
our factory.
Table 9
16.2. List of main possible malfunctions

Nature of the malfunction Causes Elimination methods
Check that the cabinet door and
Locking devices are activated gearbox cover are closed
securely
The machine does not start
Check the presence and
Drop or absence of mains voltage magnitude of voltage in the
network
It is impossible to switch gear
block No. 214 (Fig. 14) with handle Gear block does not move out of Turn on the electric motor and
2 (characteristic sound of slipping neutral position make a switch on the freewheel
gears)
Arbitrary shutdown of the electric Thermal relay triggered by motor
Reduce cutting speed or feed
motor during operation overload
Spindle torque is less than Insufficient belt tension Increase belt tension
specified in the manual Friction clutch loose Increase clutch tightening
Braking is too slow Weak brake band tension Increase brake band tension
No oil in the system Add oil
Oil indicator disc does not rotate
One of the filters is clogged Clear filter
Caliper feed force is less than The overload spring is not tightened
Tighten the spring
specified in the manual enough
Lack of fluid Top up
Cooling pump does not work
Fuses blown Replace
Incorrect leveling of the machine on
Align the machine
the foundation
Tighten clamping bars and
The machine vibrates Wear of the caliper guide joint
wedges
Incorrect cutting modes selected, Change cutting speed, feed,
cutter sharpened incorrectly cutter sharpening
Transverse displacement of the Adjust the position of the rear
tailstock when machining in centers headstock
The part fixed in the chuck has a Support the part with a steady
The machine does not provide large overhang rest or press it in with the center
precision processing Non-rigid mounting of the tool
Tighten the tool holder handle
holder
Non-rigid mounting of the chuck on
Tighten the mounting screws
the spindle
68
I
20
24 36
20
20 23
56 51 45 60
268 18
50
30 28 36
38
21
60 30
72
34 39 29
24
47 38
55 60 45 15
48 60
30
25
K
45
M
38 28 48
28 30 42 28 30 45 35 23 40 24 35
L
N 30
127
15 32
10 41 21 4*
30
35 25 30 34 33 18 28 39 28
18 55 66 17
140 36
70 D 34 D 85
29 16
36
80
35 18
Figure 38 KINEMATIC SCHEME
69
100 101
94 95
92 93
5
1 2 3 4
6 7 96
8 9 10 11
97 98 99
12
15 17 18 19
13 14 16
86 87 89 90 91
20
21
22 24
23 88
25 26
30 31 32 35 38 39 40
33 34
27 28 29
36
41 37
53 54
42 43 44
56 55 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
103 57
45
66
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 67
68 69 71
102 70 74
72
73
D 84 D
83
78
79 75 76 77
82
85
Figure 39 Bearing Layout 80 81
70
17. Repair
17.1. The section provides recommendations for restoring the operability of the machine, compiled in
accordance with the “Unified system of scheduled preventive maintenance and rational operation of
technological equipment of machine-building enterprises” adopted in the USSR (publishing house
“Mashinostroenie”, 1967).
17.2. When operating the machine in accordance with the requirements and recommendations set out in the
previous sections, and observing the preventive measures of this section, its overhaul cycle (working period until
the first major overhaul) is 10 years when working in two shifts.
During the period between repairs, the machine must be subjected to six inspections, four minor repairs and one
medium repair within the time limits specified in the recommended schedule of planned repairs ( Figure 40).
It should be considered that the greatest efficiency in using a machine can be ensured by rational alternation and
frequency of inspections and scheduled repairs, carried out considering the operating conditions specific to each
individual machine.
I S I S I M I S I S I R
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Small Medium
I Inspection S M R Major overhaul
repairs overhaul
Figure 40 Recommended schedule for scheduled repairs
17.2.1. Categories of machine repairability:

a) mechanical part - 12.
b) electrical part - 8.5.
17.3. Typical repair work performed during scheduled repairs.

17.3.1. Inspection
External inspection without disassembly to identify defects of the machine as a whole and in units.
Checking the strength and density of fixed rigid connections (base with foundation, bed with base, headstock,
feed box with bed, carriage with apron, pulleys with shafts, etc.).
Opening the covers of units for inspection and checking the condition of the mechanisms.
Removing play in the screw pair of the cross-slide drive.
Checking the correct switching of the spindle speed and feed handles.
Adjustment of the friction clutch of the main drive and the spindle band brake.
Tightening the carriage clamping bars and the wedges of the transverse and cutting slides.
Cleaning the mating surfaces of the tool holder, removing nicks and scratches.
Checking the condition of the guide frames and carriages, cleaning nicks, scratches, and nicks.
Cleaning and washing the protectors on the carriage, caliper slide and tailstock.
Tightening or replacing loose or worn fasteners - studs, screws, nuts, and springs.
71
Cleaning, tensioning, repairing or replacing main drive belts, caliper quick drive and lubrication pump drive.
Checking the condition and minor repairs of the cooling system.
Checking the condition and minor repairs of the lubrication system.
Checking the condition, cleaning and minor repairs of enclosing casings, shields, etc.
Identification of worn parts that require restoration or replacement during the next scheduled repair.
17.3.2. Inspection before major repairs

Work performed during inspections before other types of repairs and, in addition, identifying parts requiring
restoration or replacement, sketching or ordering drawings of worn parts from assemblies undergoing
disassembly.
Note. During the inspection, those of the listed works are performed, the need for which is determined by the
condition of the machine.
17.3.3. Small repairs

Partial disassembly of the spindle head, feed box, apron, as well as other most contaminated components.
Opening covers and removing casings for internal inspection and washing of other components.
Cleaning the mounting surfaces for fixtures on the spindle and tailstock quill without dismantling the latter.
Checking the gaps between shafts and bushings, replacing worn bushings, adjusting rolling bearings (except
spindle bearings), replacing worn ones.
Adjusting the friction clutch of the main drive leg, adding disks, adjusting the spindle band brake.
Removing burrs from gear teeth and splines.
Replacement or restoration of worn fasteners and adjusting parts of tool holders.
Scraping or cleaning of adjusting wedges, clamping bars, etc.
Cleaning the lead screw, lead shaft, transverse and tool slide drive screws of the caliper.
Cleaning and washing the seating surfaces of the cutting head.
Checking the operation and adjusting the levers and handles of controls, locking, locking, safety mechanisms and
limiters, replacing worn crackers, pins, springs and other parts of these mechanisms.
Replacement of worn parts that are unlikely to withstand use until the next scheduled repair.
Cleaning nicks, burrs, nicks and scratches on the rubbing surfaces of the bed guides, carriages, caliper slides and
tailstock.
Repair of enclosing casings, shields, screens, etc.
Repair and flushing of the lubrication system and eliminating leaks.
Regulating the smooth movement of the carriage, caliper slide, tightening the wedges of the clamping bars.
Checking the condition and cleaning of gear couplings.
Checking and repairing pneumatic equipment and cooling systems, eliminating leaks.
Identification of parts requiring replacement or restoration during the next scheduled repair.
72
Checking the accuracy of machine installation and selectively other accuracy parameters.
Testing the machine at idle speed at all speeds and feeds, checking for noise, heating and on the workpiece for
accuracy and cleanliness of processing.
Note. For minor repairs, those specified works are performed that are caused by the condition of the machine
being repaired, with the exception of the work provided for in the last three paragraphs, which must be
performed in all cases.
17.3.4. Medium overhaul

Check for accuracy before disassembly.
Measuring the wear of rubbing surfaces before repairing base parts.
Partial disassembly of the machine.
Washing, wiping parts of disassembled units, washing, cleaning of dirt from undissembled units.
Control of the rigidity of the spindle assembly (see paragraph 13.1.5).
Replacement or restoration of worn bushings and rolling bearings.
Replacing or adding friction discs and replacing the spindle brake band.
For replacing worn gears and couplings.
Restoration or replacement of worn screw pairs of the caliper slide drive and tailstock kick.
Replacement of worn fasteners.
Replacement or restoration and adjustment of adjusting wedges and clamping bars.
Restoring the accuracy of the lead screw (by cutting).
Checking and cleaning unworn parts left in the machine mechanisms.
Repair of the coolant supply pump and fittings.
If the hinge mechanism of the lamp NKS 01 X 100/POO-03 wears out, unscrew the base, turn it counterclockwise
90° and fasten it again.
Repair of the lubrication system pump, equipment and fittings, repair or replacement of oil indicators, gaskets,
plugs and other elements of the lubrication system.
Correction by grinding or scraping guide surfaces in need of repair if their wear exceeds the permissible level.
Repair or replacement of protectors on the carriage, caliper slide, tailstock.
Repair or replacement of enclosing panels, casings, screens, etc.
Assembling repaired components, checking the correct interaction of components and all machine mechanisms.
Painting external non-working surfaces with putty.
Running in the machine at idle speed at all speeds and feeds.
Check for noise and heat.
Checking the machine for compliance with accuracy standards.
73
17.3.5. Major overhaul
Checking the machine for accuracy before disassembling.
Measuring the wear of rubbing surfaces before repairing base parts.
Complete disassembly of the machine and all its components.
Washing and wiping all parts.
Inspection of all details.
Clarification of a previously compiled (during inspections and repairs) list of defective parts requiring restoration
or replacement.
Restoration or replacement of worn parts.
Cooling system repair.
Replacing the lubrication system pump and repairing it.
Grinding or scraping the guide surfaces of the bed, carriage, caliper slide, tailstock.
Replacement of protectors on the carriage, caliper slide, tailstock.
Assembling all machine components, checking the correct interaction of components and mechanisms.
Puttying and painting of all unfinished surfaces in accordance with the finishing requirements of new equipment.
Running in the machine at idle speed at all speeds and feeds.
Check for noise and heat.
Check the condition of the foundation, correct it and install the machine in accordance with section 4 of this
manual.
17.4. Additional requirements for operation, maintenance and repair of the machine
17.4.1. Maintaining the machine in working condition is ensured by timely preventive measures and high-quality
daily maintenance.
The 16K20 machine should be periodically checked for compliance with accuracy standards.
17.4.2. It is important to avoid unnecessary disassembly of the machine, especially the units that determine the
output accuracy (spindle group, screw-cutting chain).
17.4.3. Assemblies and critical parts dismantled during repairs must be stored on special soft pads.
74
18. Instructions for Accuracy Control
This section provides three arbitration tests of machine tool accuracy that should be used when the accuracy of
the machined parts decreases.
Table 10
Inspection Tolerance mm
numbers (according to GOST 18097-72)
according Name of checks Check method
to GOST 16K20
16К25 16K20P
18097-72 16K20G
Accuracy of the a)8 a)10 a)5

2.1 geometric shape of the b)20 b)30 b)12
cylindrical surface of a L=200mm L=300mm L=200mm
sample processed on a
machine when the
sample is secured in a
chuck (in the spindle
holes):
a) constant diameter in
the cross section
b) constant diameter in Sample - Roller with three belts
any cross section located at the ends and in the
middle
1 1
d< and L = D
8 2
D - largest diameter of the
workpiece, mm.
The sample is pre-processed.
The sample is fixed on the machine,

in the chuck or in the spindle hole,
and its outer cylindrical surface
(belts) is processed.
The consistency of the diameter of

the treated surface is checked using
a device for measuring shaft
diameters.
The deviation is determined by the

difference in the diameters of the
treated surfaces.
For check 2.1 a - in any transverse
section.
For checking 2.1b - in any two or
more cross sections
75
2.2 Flatness of the end
16 on a 20 on a 10 on a
surface of the sample
diameter diameter diameter
machined
of 200 of 300 of 200
mm mm mm
Bulge is not allowed
1
Sample disk D1 > 1 D and L1 > D
2 2
With D1 = 200 mm, the end surface
may have ring bands (at the
periphery, in the middle and in the
center).
The sample is preprocessed.
The sample is fixed on the machine
in a chuck or spindle, for example,
in a hole, and the end surface is
processed.
The flatness of the treated surface is
checked using one of the following
methods.
2.2.1. Checking using a indicator on
the machine.
The check is carried out without
removing the sample from the
machine.
The indicator is mounted on a
support so that its measuring tip
touches the surface being tested
and is perpendicular to it.
The upper part of the caliper is
moved in the transverse direction by
a length equal to or slightly greater
than D1.
The deviation is determined as the
source of the largest algebraic
difference in the indicator readings.
2.2.2. Checking using a control ruler
and indicator (or gauge lengths,
tiles or a probe) A ruler is installed
on the surface to be checked
alternately in axial and other various
sections.
The indicator is installed nearby and
touched with the measuring tip of
the ruler.
Deviation is defined as the largest
algebraic difference in the indicator
readings when it moves. Checking
with a probe is allowed.
76
2.3 Accuracy of thread
pitch, cut on a machine 16 at a
(uniformity), in the 20 at a length of 50 mm length of
sample 50 mm
25 at a
30 at a length of 100
length of
mm
100 mm
30 at a
40 at a length of 100
length of
mm
300 mm
Sample - Roller with thread

d - approximately equal to the
diameter of the machine lead
screw, L > D, but not more than
1000 mm, L1 = D1, but not more than
500 mm.
The sample is pre-processed.
The sample is fixed in the centers of

the machine, after which a
trapezoidal thread is cut d X L1 X t, t
is the thread pitch, approximately
equal to the pitch of the machine
lead screw.
In this case, the lead screw is

directly connected to the spindle
through replaceable gears,
disabling the feed box mechanism.
After finishing, check the thread
uniformity using appropriate
instruments and inspection
methods.
Based on the measurement results,

the accumulated thread pitch error
is determined - the difference
between the actual and specified
distance between any identical and
adjacent thread profiles in the axial
section along the line parallel to the
screw axis.
77
19. Passport
19.1. General information
Inventory number
Fashion
Largest processing area L
Company
Date the machine was put into operation
78
19.2. Basic technical data and characteristics
Table 11
Unit of Parameter values

Parameter name
measurement 16K20 16K20P 16K20G 16K25
mm 710
Inch 27 15/16
mm 1000
Inch 39 3/8
Maximum length of the processed product
mm 1400 1400
-
Inch 55 1/8 55 1/8
mm 2000 2000
-
Inch 78 3/4 78 3/4
The height of the center axis above the flat mm 215 250
guides of the bed Inch 8 7/18 9 7/8
basic version rpm 12.5-1600
Spindle speed limits
by special order rpm 16-2000 10-1250
mm/rev 0.05-2.8
longitudinal
inch/rev 0.002-0.11
Feed Limits
mm/rev 0.025-1.4
longitudinal
inch/rev 0.001-0.055
The greatest on the stop kgf(s) 800(7845)
force longitudinal
on the incisor kgf(s) 600(5884)
allowed by on the stop kgf(s) 460(4510)
the feed transverse
mechanism on the incisor kgf(s) 360(3530)
kW 11
basic version
HP 14.7
Main drive motor power
kW 7.5
by special order
HP 10
mm 2505
Inch 98 5/8
mm 2795
Inch 110 1/16
length
mm 3195 3195
-
Machine dimensions Inch 125 13/16 125 13/16
(respectively L) mm 3795 3795
-
Inch 196 1/2 196 1/2
mm 1190 1240
width
Inch 46 7/8 48 13/16
mm 1500
height
Inch 59 1/16
kg 2835 2945 2925
lb 6250 6493 6449
kg 3005 3010 3110 3095
lb 6625 6636 6856 6823
Machine weight (resp. L)
kg 3225 3335 3315
-
lb 7110 7325 7308
kg 3685 3695 3775
-
lb 8124 8146 8322
79
Table 12
PARAMETERS OF PROCESSED PRODUCTS

Unit of Parameter values
Parameter name
measurement 16K20 16K20P 16K20G 16K25
The largest diameter of the product installed mm 400 500
above the bed Inch 15 3/4 19 11/16
Largest machining diameter above the cross mm 220 290
slide of the caliper Inch 8 21/32 11 7/16
The largest diameter of the product installed mm 630
- -
above the recess in the frame Inch 24 13/16
The largest diameter of the rod passing mm 53
through the hole in the spindle Inch 2 2/25
mm 645
Inch 25 3/8
mm 935
The height of the center axis above the flat Inch 36 13/16
guides of the bed mm 1335 1335
-
Inch 52 9/16 52 9/16
mm 1935 1935
-
Inch 76 3/16 76 3/16
Distance from the end of the spindle flange to mm 298
- -
the right edge of the recess Inch 11 5/8
mm 305
Notch length - -
Inch 12
metric mm 0.5-112
modular module 0.5-112
Limits of pitches of cut
number of threads
threads inch 56-0.5
per 1"
pitching pitch 56-0.5
kg 220 400 400
in the cartridge
lb 440 880 880
kg 460 560 650
lb 1010 1240 1440
Maximum permissible
weight of the product being kg 650 900
in centers
installed: lb 1440 1980
(corresponding
to L) kg 900 1300
lb 1980 2870
kg 1300 1800
lb 2870 3970
80
348
320
355
Figure 41 Sketch of the recess in the bed
19.2.1. Spindle
Spindle end - 6K GOST 12593--72
Flange diameter, mm (inch): 170 (6 11/16).
Conical hole GOST 2847-67: Morse No. 6.
Through hole diameter, mm (inch): 52 (2 1/16).
19.2.2. Caliper
Caliper movements
Maximum length of longitudinal movement (respectively L), mm (inch): 645 (25 3/8), 935 (36 13/16), 1335 (52
9/16), 1935 (76 3/16).
Maximum length of transverse movement, mm (inch): 300 (11 13/16).
Rapid movement speed, mm/min (inch/min):

Longitudinal: 3800 (149 5/8)
Transverse: 1900 (74 13/16)
Maximum permissible speed of movement when working on stops, mm/min (inch/min): 250 (9 7/8).
Minimum permissible carriage movement speed, mm/min (inch/min): 10 (0.4).
Price of one dial division, mm:

Longitudinal movement: 1
Lateral movement: 0.05 per diameter of the workpiece.
Cutting slide
Rotation angle scale, degrees: + or – 90.
Price of one division of the rotation scale, degrees: 1.
Maximum travel length, mm (inch): 150 (5 29/52).
Price of one dial division, mm: 0.05.
Indexable cutting head
Number of fixed positions: 4.
No. of cutters simultaneously installed in the tool holder: 4.
81
The largest cross-section of the cutter holder, mm (inch): 25X25 (1X1).
Height from the supporting surface of the cutter to the axis of the centers, mm (inch): 25 (1).
Tailstock
Conical hole in the quill GOST 2847-67: Morse No. 5.
Maximum quill movement, mm (inch): 150 (5 29/32).
Price of one division of the quill movement dial, mm: 0.1.
The amount of transverse displacement of the housing, mm (inch): + or – 15 (19/32).
82
Morse 6
Morse 6
-0.040
80 -0.120
(rectangular thread) 2 holes. M20 class 3
I 80 +0.5
-1.0 54.399 7°07'30"
A
106.373 +0.01
107 -0.26
-0.80
54 +1.0
A
75 -0.02
30 40.5 II III
95 -0.050 4 holes 23
-0.140
133.4 +0.2
-0.2 (rectangular thread) 25 +1.0 14
936
A - A rotated I 63.348 +0.120
8 Step 2 II
93 -0.05
M8 class 3 19 +0.045 1 +0.05
+0.10
78 -0.05
1 +0.05
+0.10
Step 2
III
106.373 +0.01
Figure 42 Spindle Sketch
83
220
C D
E
Figure 43 Caliper Sketch
16K20 16K20P 16K20G 16K25

A 220 290
B 400 500
C 215 250
D 225 275
E - 310 -
Table 13
84
19.3. Repair information
Table 14
date Position, surname and signature

Repair Machine
Name and designation of the machine Type of of the responsible person
Grounds for repair complexity operation.
components Start of Finish of repair who accepted the
category h repaired
repairs repairs repair
85
19.4. Information about changes to the machine
Table 15
Position, surname and

Name and designation of the machine Characteristics of the machine
Basis (name of document) Date changes made signature of the responsible
components operation after the changes
person
86
19.5. Contents of delivery
19.5.1. The machine is delivered assembled with the main accessories and equipment installed on it. Additional
accessories and devices, as stated in section 2, are packed in separate boxes with attached packing lists, against
which the completeness of the delivery is checked.
19.5.2. The main delivery set includes accessories and fixtures, the cost of which is included in the price of the
machine:
Complete machine* - 1 set.
Replacement gears - 1 set:

For machines 16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G:
z= 86, z= 73, z= 64, z= 60, z= 40, z= 36, z= 44, z= 48, z= 57.
For machine 16K25:
z= 90, z= 80, z= 45, z= 48, z= 57, z= 86, z= 73, z= 60, z= 72, z= 66.
Tools for machine maintenance - 1 set.
V-belts according to GOST 1284-68:

main drive B2240T-1- 5 pcs.
lubrication pump drive 0800T-1-1 pcs.,
high speed drive A710T-1-1 pcs.
Micrometric hard longitudinal stop - 1 set.
Drive chuck - 1 set.
Three-jaw self-centering chuck with key and flange 250 mm (927 / 32") or without flange (1 set).
Faceplate, diameter 500 - 1 piece (only for machine 16K20G).
Mandrel - 1 set (only for machine 16K20G).
Movable rest for products with a diameter from 20 mm (25/32") to 80 mm (3-5/32") for machines 16K20, 16K20P,
16K20G - 1 pc.
Fixed rest for products with a diameter from 20 mm (25/32") to 130 mm (51/8") for machines 16K20, 16K20P,
16K20G - 1 pc.
Movable rest for 11 pieces with a diameter from 20 mm (25/32") to 100 mm (3 15/16") for the machine 16K25 - 1
PCS.
Fixed rest for products with a diameter from 0 mm (25/32") to 160 mm (65/1 6") for the 16K25 machine.
Thrust centers according to GOST 13214-67:

For spindle - 1 pc.
For tailstock quill - 1 pc.
Rotating centers according to GOST 8742 - 62 pcs.
A set of spare parts for electrical equipment for export deliveries.
Technical documentation:
Packing lists - 1 set.
Instruction manual - 1 copy.
87
19.5.3. The delivery package may also include accessories and accessories available at an additional cost:
Pulleys with increased speed range 16 - 2000 rpm (for machines 16K20 and 16K20P).
* The 16K20P machine is equipped with a cutting slide with mechanical movement.
Pulleys for a reduced range of spindle speeds 10-1250 rpm (for machine 16K20G).
Pulleys for a reduced range of spindle speeds 10-1250 rpm (for machine 16K25).
Electrical equipment is given for a reduced main drive power of 7.5 kW.
Note. When these versions are delivered, the main version is not supplied.
ACCESSORIES
Holder for centering tool (1 set).
Sleeve steady for cutting threads on screws (1 set).
Four-jaw chuck with key (1 set).
19.5.4. On special order, the following can be supplied for an additional fee:
Mechanical slides with mechanical movement (only for machine 16K20) - 1 set.
Replacement gears (1 set).
For cutting threads not listed in the table (Figure 9): for machines 16K20, 16K20G and 16K20P:
z= 66, z= 54, z= 52, z= 46.
for machine 16K25:
z= 88, z= 81, z= 65, z= 69, z= 64, z= 72, z= 54, z= 50.
For cutting threads “directly” for machines 16K20P and 16K20:

z= 60, z= 72, z= 54, z= 56, z= 80, z= 80** z= 127**.
ACCESSORIES
Front-mounted hydrocopy unit (for machines 16K20 and 16K20P).
Conical ruler - 1 set.
Rear tool holder - 1 set.
Micrometric hard cross-travel stop - 1 set.
Micrometric longitudinal stroke stop kit.
Five-position longitudinal stop kit.
Micrometric multi-position cross-travel stop - 1 set.
Transitional bushing for thrust center 1 pc. 6101-0134 GOST 18258-72.
Thrust center according to GOST 13214-67 - 1 pc.
Drill chuck - 1 pc.
Short adapter bushings - 1 set according to GOST 1 3598-68.
88
Wedges for tools with a tapered shank - 1 set.
Thread indicator for machines with metric lead screw - 1 set.
Cross feed dial with metric and inch index rings (only for machines supplied for export) - 1 set.
Longitudinal feed dial with metric and inch index rings (ONLY for machines supplied for export) - 1 set.
Specification and drawings of spare parts - 1 set.
** m= 1.5.
89

16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G, 16K25: Screw-Cutting Machines

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16K20, 16K20P, 16K20G, 16K25: Screw-Cutting Machines

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MOSCOW MACHINE BUILDING PLANT

RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INFORMATION

16K20 - basic machine of normal accuracy,

USSR, 117071, Moscow, M. Kaluzhskaya, 15, plant 2-1209

"Red Proletarian" named after. A. I. Efremova.

Telegraphic address: Moscow DIP. TTY: 111222.

b) the longest length of the workpiece,

c) spindle speed limits,

General view of the machine

Figure 1 Transportation Scheme

Figure 2 Installation drawing

Installation may be offered as an option.

Machines at an angle of 10° to the workshop wall or equipment placement line.

The specified handle is packed in a toolbox.

A description of locking devices is placed in section 7.4. Locking devices.

After completing these operations, the machine is ready to start.

6.2. Lubrication map

GDR R-20 TGL11871 R-32 TGL11871

Czechoslovakia OL-J2 CSN656610 OL-J4 CSN656610

Machine oil ЗZ PN-55/C- Machine oil 4 PN-55/C-

SRR ТВ 5003 Stas 742-49 OL405 Stas 751-49

Yugoslavia Circope 30 Circope 40

Shell Axinus- Tractor

Figure 3 Lubrication diagram

Note. The parameters of the main execution are emphasized.

7.2. Machine connection

Insulated copper wire

Power Supply System Mains voltage, V Section,

With solidly grounded 220 6

With insulated neutral 220 6

The machine must be securely connected to the workshop grounding device.

7.4. Locking devices

Figure 4 Electrical circuit diagram

Electric motor Direction of rotation

Main drive Counterclockwise (from the side)

Fast travel Clockwise (from the side)

4C1 4C2 4C3

Notes: 1. a - position of jumpers when connecting electric motors

2*. For machines with hydraulic support.

7.7. Description of the electrical circuit

The main drive electric motor M1 is stopped by pressing the SЗ button.

F7 5A/-1 2.5A/+2 2.5A/+1 2.5A/0 2.5A/-1 2.5A/-2

* Data based on main drive power 7.5 kW.

Figure 6 Control cabinet. Location of electrical devices

7 .8. Recommendations for servicing electrical equipment

Fill the chamber with lubricant to 2/3 of its volume.

Recommended lubricants are given in Table 5.

Grease 1-13 fat GOST 1631-61 USSR

Shell Retinax RB, A, C, H Shell England

Grease CIATIM-203, GOST 8773-63 USSR

Aeroshell Grease 6В-7, 8, DTD-783, For frost-

Retinax А, С, Н, RB, Alvania ЕР1, 2, operating in

Specification of pneumatic devices

Figure 7 Pneumatic equipment diagram

Figure 8 Machine Controls

Turn left - enable the carriage

The minimum recommended carriage speed is 10 mm/min.

Imbalance (G.R), kg-cm

It is necessary to avoid processing products with impact.

Radial runout should not exceed 0.02 mm.

Handle position Direct spindle rotation Reverse spindle rotation

5 31.5 100 4.2

12.3. Threading Instructions