DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY

BAGUIO CITY

DESIGN OF ICE PLANT AND COLD STORAGE

PLANT WITH AN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Progress Report No. 3

GROUP NO. 8
MEMBERS:
Aben, Christian Louie B.
Aromin, Christian Froi C.
Onia, Christian Arvin L.
Palos, Joshua D.
 DESIGN OF ICE PLANT AND COLD STORAGE
PLANT WITH AN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

IV. CENTRALIZE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

A single refrigeration system that will serve the whole plant:

A. Schematic diagram of the whole system
B. Evaporator system: parallel / series
C. P-H diagrams of the processes
D. Each building should be labeled with their respective
temperature requirements and the product/s stored.
E. The amount of refrigeration, mass flow, volume flow in the
piping system. Indicate the directional flows.
F. Mass and flow of air in the air conditioned ducting system.

V. DESIGN OF THE EVAPORATOR FOR EACH SECTION

VI. SELECTION OF CONDENSER

VII. SELECTION OF COMPRESSOR (SIZE, CAPACITY, ETC.)

VIII. DESIGN/SELECTION OF OTHER AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

(COOLING TOWER, PUMPS, FANS, BLOWERS, DUCTING SYSTEM,
ETC.)
a) P-H diagrams of the processes
V. DESIGN OF THE EVAPORATOR FOR EACH SECTION

TLP - Low Profile Evaporators

Overview:

The LP Low Profile Unit Cooler line offers a compact flush to ceiling design featuring internally
enhanced tube technology. Storage space is optimized by a compact, slim profile, which
provides uniform air distribution through the coil for maximum heat transfer performance. Many
models also available as value-priced pre-assembled units.

• Ample electrical and header

compartments
Certification:
• Lower heater wattage

• PSC Motors
Features:
• Proven motor/fan/motor mount design
• Streamlined cabinet style
• Liquid line solenoid valve wire harness
• High efficiency and high strength fan factory installed
guard
• Schrader valve on suction header
• Front access
• Positive slope, hinged drain pan
• Higher capacity
• Central drain connections (approximate)
• Compact
• Universal drain fitting
• Internally enhanced tubing
• Large 3/4” ID (3/4” MPT) drain hole
• More uniform air flow
• Factory installqed distributor nozzle
• Reverse cycle & 3 pipe hot gas available
• 460/1/60 PSC motor only
• Convenient mounting brackets
 Options:  -30°F and above room temperatures

Optional Features (Factory Mounted):  Air, electric and hot gas defrost (reverse
cycle or 3 pipe) models
• EC motors with SmartSpeed® Technology
(Patent Pending)
 R404A, R22, R407C
• Compatible with SmartVap™ Capacity:
Electronically Controlled System
 Medium Temp. models from 4,300 to
• Heat exchanger - shipped loose
39,000 BTUH @10°F TD, R404A
• Heresite Coating
 Low Temp. models from 3,070 to 34,400
• Copper or GW Aluminum “Gold Coat” Fins BTUH @10°F TD, R404A
• Wire fan guard Electrical:

• Painted Cabinet  115/1/60

 208-230/1/60
SPECIFICATIONS:
Application:  208-230/3/60

 Medium and Low Temperature Applications

VI. SELECTION OF CONDENSER

TrilliumSeries™ Condenser
The TrilliumSeries™ Condenser uses a patented Dry-Coil Adiabatic™ Design that saves energy,
reduces refrigerant charge, and lowers operating costs. With the use of proprietary logic and
EcoFlex controls, the On-Demand Adiabatic™ Pre-Cooler uses water only on the hottest days to
maintain condensing temperatures that typical air cooled technology cannot achieve. Because of
this, the TrilliumSeries™ Condenser is the lowest total cost of ownership product for supermarket
refrigeration systems.

Installation Advantages
Ownership Benefits
o 60% lower refrigerant charge may
In a variety of climate conditions, the
help meet EPA’s Greenchill Certification
TrilliumSeries™ Condenser provides the
lowest total cost of ownership compared to o Compact and lighter in weight
air
o Single point electrical connection
cooled units.
o Direct drive VSEC motors and System Energy Savings Reduce Monthly
Whisper Quiet Fans are standard Energy Bills

o For new stores, reduces overall • Reduced condensing temperature

system size by operating at lower condensing
• Less compressor work
temperatures
• Direct drive VSEC motors minimize
o Exempt from Title 24 legislation
fan energy required
o For refrigeration upgrades, increases
system capacity without changing out
expensive racks

• Economic Advantages

o Attractive payback timeframes

o Lower total cost of ownership

Annual 37.2% System Energy Reduction for El

Paso, Texas

Peak Energy Savings

Average Payback Period by Region
Notes for the Average Payback by Region
Graph:
1. Average payback periods based on current
analyses performed. Specific payback periods
vary. Utility prices (electricity, water, etc)
vary by state and system details vary by job.
• Up to 43.5% peak energy reduction
compared to air cooled units by operating
compressors at significantly lower
condensing temperatures
o Peak energy is more expensive than
off peak energy
o Reduces peak demand charges
o Potential for substantial state and
local energy rebates

2. Northeast region includes MA, MD, CT, DC,

NJ, NY, PA, RI.

3. Midwest region includes MN, MO.

4. Southwest region includes LA, TX,

Southern CA.

5. Northwest region includes Northern CA,

OR, and UT.
 Average Peak Energy Reduction %kW by

State

Rebates
Most states offer utility incentives and
rebates which further decrease the initial
investment of the TrilliumSeries™ Condenser.

Type of Rebate Example based on www.dsireusa.org

Custom Measures and Retro-commissioning:

Custom $0.11/kWh saved up to 75% of incremental cost

• Refrigeration Equipment: $35-$1000/unit

Refrigeration • Air Conditioning and Refrigeration: $0.09 – $0.15/kWh saved

• Variable Frequency Drives: $80/HP

VFDs on Fan Motors or Other Controls • Refrigeration Controls: $75-$100/Controller

• Optional energy monitoring

Dsireusa.org is a website with information on
state, local, utility, and federal incentives and
policies that promote renewable energy and
energy efficiency. Established in 1995 and
funded by the U.S. Department of Energy,
DSIRE is an ongoing project of the N.C. Solar
Center and the Interstate Renewable Energy
Council.
For custom rebates, an analysis of the overall
system energy savings from air cooled to the
TrilliumSeries™ Condenser may be necessary
and is available from Baltimore Aircoil
Company.
Optional Built-in Energy
Tracking / Alarms
• Optional alarms for the fans, pumps
and valves reduce high head pressure
instances
maintains efficient operation over the life of
the product
On-Demand Adiabatic™ Pre-
Cooler
• Water is used ONLY when the
ambient temperatures require it
o Water spray saturates and cleans the
On-Demand Adiabatic™ Pre-Cooler media of
any dust and debris
• No water treatment is required
• Free draining prevents stagnant
water
• LEED® Points available for water
efficient landscaping (WE credit 1) based on
2009 LEED for Retail and Commercial Interior
rating system
o Water from the drain and overflow
can be used for irrigation or other non-
potable uses
• Controls Options
o Water Quality Sensor (Option) –
Flushes the sump based on a factory preset
conductivity level to minimize water use.
o Water Monitoring (Option) – This
option monitors the amount of purged water
and maintains efficient operation over the
life of the product.
Average Annual Water Use Compared to
Evaporative Condensers
Low Sound
• Whisper Quiet Fans are standard
• Direct drive VSEC fan motors vary the
fan speed eliminating sudden starts and
stops
Sound Levels
Easy Maintenance
• Requires the same time to maintain
as an air cooled condenser
• Water treatment is not required
o Water is turned on only when
ambient temperature requires it
o Water spray saturates and cleans the
On-Demand Adiabatic™ Pre-Cooler media of
any dust and debris
• On-Demand Adiabatic™ Pre-Cooler
media acts as a filter to prevent debris from
reaching the microchannel
o Can be removed without tools for
easy coil inspection
• Clean-out ports on both ends of
water distribution header facilitate easy
cleaning
• The EcoFlex Controls maintain a
clean sump
• Pump and strainer are easily
accessible from the access hatch

Easy Access to Pumps and Valves
Charge Reduction
• 60% less charge than comparable air
cooled condensers
• Reduced charge could help meet
EPA’s Greenchill commitments
• Lowers greenhouse gas emissions of
the supermarket refrigeration system
Unit Refrigerant Charge Reduction
Peace of Mind
• All units are equipped with state of
the art EcoFlex controls, On-Demand
Adiabatic™ Pre-Cooler, and daily automatic
sump clean out
• Critical components are stocked and
ship within 24-hours
• Manual discrete spray system (water
bypass) standard
Discrete Spray System
• Durable materials of construction
extend the life of the unit
• Sump and drain pans drain freely
• Ability to switch fans from automatic
to manual fan override in case of control
signal loss
• Access hatch sensor shuts off the fan
when the hatch is opened
• UL Approved unit
• Coated microchannel independently
tested per G85-A4 for 3,000+ hours
The TrilliumSeries™ Condenser program
allows you to select the optimum
TrilliumSeries™ Condenser based on ASHRAE
design conditions and weather profile by bin
data that are pre-populated by city and state.
VII. SELECTION OF COMPRESSOR (SIZE, CAPACITY, ETC.)

Copeland Scroll™ Compressors for

Refrigeration
Because of their unmatched reliability, Copeland Scroll™ compressors are being used more and
more in commercial refrigeration as contractors and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)
seek new ways to utilize the technology in supermarket, foodservice and healthcare applications.
Copeland Scroll K5 Compressor

 7.5–15 horsepower for supermarket,

walk-in, and industrial applications
 Approved for low, medium, & high
temperature applications
 R-404A, R-407A, R-407C, R-134a ready
 Enhanced Vapor Injection (EVI)
available for best total store efficiency
 Improvements in low condensing
performance for better real world
benefit (AEER)
 Equipped with CoreSense Diagnostics
for advanced reliability

Copeland Scroll CO2 Compressor

 Leverages reliability of proven

Copeland Scroll technology
 Designed For CO2 pressure and
lubrication requirements
 Hermetic design to reduce potential
for leaks
 Digital modulation available from 10–
100%

Copeland Scroll ZS*KA Compressor

 1-4 horsepower applications

 Evaporating temperatures from -25°F
to 45°F
 R-404A, R507, R-134a, R-407A/C, & R-
22
 Recommended for walk-in
refrigerators and freezers, soft serve
machines, frozen beverage machines
Copeland Scroll ZFKV Compressor

 4–15 horsepower low temp optimized

compressor
 R-404A, R-407A, & R-407C ready
 Designed for Enhanced Vapor
Injection (EVI) performance gains
 Improved system capacity (~50%) and
efficiency (~20%)
 Digital modulation available from 10-
100%

Copeland Scroll ZBKC Compressor

 2-15 horsepower compressors

optimized for medium & high
temperature applications
 R-404A, R-407C & R-134a ready
 Improved efficiency from 10-15%
annually
 Digital modulation available from 10-
100%

Copeland Scroll Transport Compressors

 Best in class energy efficiency and

pull-down
 Precision temperature control through
digital modulation
 Corrosion protection and superior
reliability for demanding
environments
 Copeland Scroll Outdoor Condensing Unit - XJ
Series

 Scroll compressor unit with

CoreSense™ Diagnostics provides
superior reliability
 High efficiency compressor, fan and
coil result in energy savings of 20% or
more over standard systems
 Slim profile, lightweight and quiet
operation offer flexible installation
options

http://www.emersonclimate.com/en-
us/Products/Compressors/Scroll_Compressors/copeland_scroll_refrigeration/Pages/copeland_scroll_for_refrige
ration_applications.aspx#sthash.e6MyeYPG.dpuf

Table 27.1: COMPRESSOR POWER

Power Efficiency Brake Standard
(hp) (%) (hp) (hp)
Wk1 = 0.4609 40 1.15225 2
brake power = power/efficiency = 0.4609 hp / 0.4 = 1.15225 hp ≈ 2 hp
Wk2 = 39.9672 40 99.918 100
Wk3 = 4.6003 40 11.5 12
Wk4 = 1.4437 40 3.6093 4
Wk5 = 0.4813 40 1.2033 2
Wk6 = 0.4337 40 1.0843 2
Wk7 = 0.1663 40 .4158 1
Wk10 = 0.152 40 .38 1
Wk11 = 0.1739 40 .4348 1
WkA = 106.1355 40 265.3388 266

VIII. DESIGN/SELECTION OF OTHER AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

(COOLING TOWER, PUMPS, FANS, BLOWERS, DUCTING
SYSTEM, ETC.)
A. COOLING TOWER
Paragon Induced Draft Towers

Delta’s Paragon® Induced Draft, counter flow design is available in single module capacities from 55
to 250 cooling tons.

Manufactured since 1981, the Paragon® tower has been very well received in both commercial and
industrial applications.

Paragon’s unique design provides unlimited flexibility of modular operation, future upgrade
capability and location convenience.

Standard Features:
• Seamless Engineered Plastic (HDPE) Shell

• Corrosion Proof Construction

• Direct Drive Fan System

• Totally Enclosed VFD Rated Motors

• Factory Assembled for Simple Installation

• 20 Year Shell Warranty

• Low Pressure Drop Self Propelled PVC Water Distribution System

• High Efficiency PVC Fill

• Made in the USA

Basic Specs

Detailed Features
All Delta Cooling Towers are factory
assembled to the fullest extent possible for
ease of installation and shipment. The
following features are standard on our
Paragon® Series Induced Draft Cooling
Towers:
Shell:
A seamless engineered polyethylene
cylindrical (HDPE) molded shell, with conical
transition for motor/fan assembly, louvered
inlets and fitting orientation. Louvered inlets
are designed for 360° air distribution. There
are no joints, seams, panels, gaskets, bolts,
fasteners or caulking like conventional
towers.
Sump:
Sump is integral with cooling tower shell,
creating a one-piece seamless structure.
Water Distribution System:
A self-propelled PVC distribution system
incorporating a rotating sprinkler head and
lateral distribution arms with integral drift
eliminators. An inspection port is provided in
the cooling tower shell at the lateral arm
elevation for adjustment. (Non-rotating
water distribution system is also available).
Wet Decking:
A continuous wrapped spiral configuration of
lightweight PVC, bonded and packed for
maximum film cooling efficiency.
Fan Assembly:
The fan assembly consists of a fan ring,
propeller, motor and guard. The fan ring is
coated with premium plasite coating ideal for
the harshest corrosive environments. An
adjustable pitch propeller fan, fiberglass
reinforced polypropylene with a silica alloy
hub, is directly driven by a totally enclosed
VFD Premium rated motor designed for
cooling tower duty. A fan guard is included
that allows protection from the propeller and
access to the motor.
Motor:
Totally enclosed air over (TEAO) VFD rated
motor with 1.15 service factor, designed for
208 or 230/460V 3 phase 60 cycle operation
and suitable for outdoor service. Motor is
provided with a 5-year motor manufacturers
warranty.
Fitting Connections:
PVC fittings are provided for inlet, outlet,
overflow, drain and make-up connections at
standard orientation locations. Orientation
for special requirements is available for new
and replacement installations.
Hardware:
All fasteners are 304 stainless steel. Anchor
and lifting lugs are aluminum.
Cutaway View 2 - Lightweight And Heavy Duty: Plastic is
lighter than conventional cooling towers and
average wall thickness is 5-10 times sheet
metal towers.

3 - Leak Proof Sump: Molded as Unitary (One-

Piece) Structure that has no joints to leak or
require recaulking and sealing

4 - Water Distribution System: Self-propelled

multiple PVC rotating arm system evenly
distributes the water

5 - Drift Eliminator: Polyethylene drift

eliminators prevent water droplets from
leaving the tower

6 - Fill Material: high efficiency spiral wound

PVC cellular design for maximum cooling
1 - Corrosion-Proof Shell: HDPE Plastic 7 - Direct Drive Air Moving System: Totally
Construction can not corrode and is backed enclosed PVC rated cooling tower motor
by 15 Year Warranty powers fiber-reinforced polypropylene axial
propeller fan.
http://www.deltacooling.com/paragon-induced-draft-towers/#sthash.5u6znWyb.dpuf

B. PUMP
 Refrigeration Circulation Pump

Product Description
Specifically designed for refrigeration cold plate circulation, this pump allows you to adjust water flow
accordingly to your system. This 8050 features a positive displacement, three chamber diaphragm,
self-priming to 4 feet vertical––and EPDM™ valves for proven ability and longer life.

 Model Numbers
• Model # 8050-261-105 Aftermarket
• Model # 8050-261-105 OEM
 Features & Benefits
 Continuous Duty Motor
 • Cold Plate Circulation
 • Self-Priming up to 4’
 • Run Dry Capability
 • 12 VDC Motor
 • Seamless Motor Shell-Waterproof
 • 30 PSI Pressure

 Specifications / Replacement Parts
 Name : Refrigeration Circulation Pump
Model # OEM/Aftermarket : 8050-261-105 OEM, 8050-261-105 Aftermarket
 Description: 12 VDC-CE Version, No switch, Continuous Duty Motor, Cold
Plate,
 Refrigeration Pump.
Dimensions : 7.25" x 4.25" x 4.40" [184x108x112mm]
Flow Rate GPM/LPM : 0.5 GPM [1.9 LPM]
Amps (Max) : 1.5
Max Pressure : 30 PSI [2.1 BAR]
 Refrigeration Circulation Pump

Product Description
Specifically designed for refrigeration cold plate circulation, this pump allows you to adjust water flow
accordingly to your system. This 2095 features a positive displacement, three chamber diaphragm,
self-priming to 4 feet vertical––and EPDMâ valves for proven ability and longer life.

 Model Numbers

• Model # 2095-273-200 Aftermarket

• Model # 2095-273-200 OEM

 Features & Benefits

 Continuous Duty Motor
 • Cold plate circulation
 • Self-Priming up to 4’
 • Run Dry Capability
 • 12 VDC Motor
 • Seamless Motor Shell-Waterproof
 • 70 PSI

 Specifications / Replacement Parts
 Name : Refrigeration Circulation Pump
Model # OEM/Aftermarket : 2095-273-200 OEM, 2095-272-200
Aftermarket Description: 12 VDC-CE Version, No switch, Continuous Duty
Motor, Cold Plate,
 Refrigeration Pump.
Dimensions : 6.25" x 6" x 4.6" [159x152x117mm]
Flow Rate GPM/LPM : 1.5 GPM [5.7 LPM]
Amps (Max) : 3.5
Max Pressure : 70 PSI [4.9 BAR]
C. FANS

Haiku™ / S3150-A2

Model Name/#
Cocoa
Haiku™ / S3150-A2 Number of Airfoils

Fan Diameter 3

60 in. (1524 mm) Motor Type

Motor & Assembly Finish EC motor with a digital inverter drive

Controller Included
Black
Yes, remote
White
Airfoil Material Controller Features

Bamboo On/Off
Sleep Mode
Airfoil Finish
Off Timer
Whoosh Mode
Caramel
Reverse
Mount and Drop Tube Watts (min/max)

Standard length, included (10.2 in. / 260 2/30 W (fan only)

mm) Ambient Operational
Hanging Weight Temperature Change

13.2 lb (6 kg) 32°–120° F (0–49° C)

Number of Fan Speeds Environment

7 For indoor use only

Operating Voltage Fan Mode Indicator

100–240 VAC, 1Φ LED display

Operating Frequency Warranty*

50–60 Hz Limited lifetime

RPM (min/max) Energy Information at High Speed**

35/175 RPM Airflow: 5,365 CFM

Electricity Use: 11W (w/out light)
Amps (min/max)
Airflow Efficiency: 485 CFM/watt
0.05 - 0.363 A

View DOE Label

** Many standard ceiling fans feature only three speeds, so ENERGY STAR® tests CFM at high,
medium and low speeds. Haiku's measured "high speed" is actually just the fifth of its
six/seven speeds.
* Limited Lifetime Warranty applies to U.S. and Canada purchases only. Outside U.S. and
Canada; 1 year warranty.
D. BLOWERS
InLine-Series Fan Centrifugal Exhaust Blower

The KCH Inline Series exhaust blower is completely weatherproof and fully
corrosion resistant. This tubular centrifugal inline blower offers straight airflow design
for duct installations requiring minimal space, low noise characteristics, and high
efficiency.

These blowers can be fabricated from a wide variety of materials such as:

 PVC
 FRP
 Polypropylene
 Stainless Steel
 Epoxy coated carbon steel

Each unit is complete with TEFC motor with cover, formed inlet cone, backward
inclined wheel, and V-belt drive.

Fan Specs for CI & NH

Fan Ratings:
The fans shall be tested and rated according to AMCA Standard 210. They shall be
certified by the Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA) and shall be licensed to
bear the AMCA seal. Fans shall be model CI or NH as manufactured by KCH Services,
Inc.

Fan Units:
Provide factory-assembled and tested fan units consisting of housing, wheel, fan shaft,
bearings, access door, corrosion resistant support structure, drive, motor, drain, and
OSHA approved belt guard and shaft cover.
Fan Corrosion Resistance:
All fan parts in contact with the airstream shall be resistant to corrosion by chemicals in
the air stream. Fan housings shall be PVC, Polypropylene, or FRP Material.

Fan Wheels:
Wheels to be keyed to shafts. Steel wheels to be minimum Class II construction and
coated with FRP. Solid FRP, Stainless Steel, or Hastelloy wheels can be offered as an
alternative. Wheels to be statically and dynamically balanced after assembly and
before shipment.

Fan Bearings:
Provide heavy-duty grease lubricated, precision anti-friction ball or roller, self-aligning,
pillow block type bearings selected for minimum average life (AFBMA L 50) of 100,000
hours.

Fan Drive:
Provide V-belt drive, selected for 1.5 services factor. Belts shall be provided in matched
sets.

Fan Arrangement:
Fans to be arrangement 9 for motors of less than 40 H.P. and Arrangement 1 for
motors 40 H.P. and above.

Fan Base:
Provide slide rail motor base.

Fan Motors:
Provide totally enclosed fan cooled motors, 230/460 volt, 3 phase, 60 hertz. 1800 RPM
or 3600 RPM.

Fan Access Doors:

Provide bolted access door in housing scroll. Provide stainless steel bolts with bolt
surface inside housing capped and sealed.

Fan Drain Connection:

Provide 1" - 1 1/2" dia. coupling drain connection at lowest point of housing.

Fan Connections:
Provide flanged or flexible type inlet and flanged outlet connections.

HARTZELL TURBO PRESSURE BLOWER

Request Quote
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Features:
 Sizes 14" to 26" wheel diameters, available in Arrg. 1, 4, 8, 9, and 10
 CFM from 100 to 5,250 with SP up to 60"
 Designed for applications with high static pressure and low flow requirements and features a
compact design, easy installation, and low maintenance
 Housings are continuously welded heavy gauge steel
 Type PB turbo blower wheel is fabricated high strength aluminum and steel using a spun front
plate and formed blades and is available in AMCA Type A or B spark resistant construction
 Type SB turbo blower wheel is fabricated steel or stainless steel with a spun front plate and
formed blades
 Available in clockwise or counter clockwise rotation with six standard discharge positions and
rotatable housing
 Options and accessories are available
REFERENCES:
Kent’s Mechanical Engineering Handbook
Wikipedia.org
HVAC Handouts
Mechanical Engineering Handbooks and Manuals
World Wide Web