APCR Unit 5 MCQ and FRQ 1 1 PDF

AP Physics 1 Test Booklet
Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1) Name
1.
Block and Block are tied together by a rope. The system containing Block and Block is dropped
above Earth’s surface in the orientation shown in the figure. Block has a larger mass than Block .
Which of the following claims is correct regarding the momentum of the system containing only Block
and the system that contains Block and Block ?
A The system containing Block is an open system, and the system of both blocks is an open system.
B The system containing Block is an open system, and the system of both blocks is a closed system.
C The system containing Block is a closed system, and the system of both blocks is an open system.
D The system containing Block is a closed system, and the system of both blocks is a closed system.
Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your
school’s participation in the program is prohibited.
Page 1 of 21
Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)
An object of mass travels in the positive direction with a speed of . The object collides with a
2.
second object that exerts an average net force over an interval of time such that the object comes to
rest. Which of the following best predicts the change in momentum for the object?
A The change in momentum is in the negative direction.
B The change in momentum is in the positive direction.
C The change in momentum is zero.
The direction of the change in momentum cannot be determined without knowing the value of the average
D
force and time in which the force is exerted.
Block of mass is at rest at the top of a ramp, and the block’s center of mass is at a height above the
ground. Block is then released from rest, and it slides down the ramp and collides with block of mass ,
which is initially at rest and has its center of mass at a height above the ground. At the moment before the
collision, block has a speed of . After the collision, block travels such that it lands at point .
Page 2 of 21
Consider the scenario in which block is released from rest at a height , which is lower than but
3.
higher than . Which of the following statements is true about the horizontal distance traveled by block as
a projectile in the two scenarios? Assume the collision in both scenarios is elastic.
A The horizontal distance will be greater for block when block is released from height .
B The horizontal distance will be greater for block when block is released from height .
C The horizontal distance will be the same for block in both scenarios.
D The answer cannot be determined without knowing the exact height of and .
4.
A spacecraft of mass 4000 kg is traveling in a straight line in the positive direction. Engines can be fired so
that the force exerted on the spacecraft is in the positive or negative direction. The graph above shows data
for the force during one interval. Which of the following is the best estimate of the net change in the speed
of the spacecraft from time t = 0 to time t = 4 s?
Page 3 of 21
A +0.4 m/s
B +0.1 m/s
C -0.1 m/s
D -0.4 m/s
5.
A stationary object explodes, breaking into three pieces of masses m, m, and 3m. The two pieces of mass m
move off at right angles to each other with the same magnitude of momentum mV, as shown in the diagram
above. What are the magnitude and direction of the velocity of the piece having mass 3m ?
Page 4 of 21
A Magnitude Direction
↗
B Magnitude Direction
↙
C Magnitude Direction
↗
D Magnitude Direction
↙
Magnitude Direction
E
↙
6.
The two blocks of masses M and 2M shown above initially travel at the same speed v but in opposite
directions. They collide and stick together. How much mechanical energy is lost to other forms of energy
during the collision?
A Zero
Page 5 of 21
Three objects can only move along a straight, level path. The graphs below show the position d of each of the
objects plotted as a function of time t.
7. The magnitude of the momentum of the object is increasing in which of the cases?
A II only
B III only
C I and II only
D I and III only
E I, II, and III
A student plans to conduct an experiment in which the momentum of a two-object system can be determined
immediately before and after a collision takes place. The student slides block at an unknown constant speed
toward an identical block, block , that is initially at rest, as shown in the figure. There is negligible friction
between the blocks and the surface.
Page 6 of 21
8. Which of the following choices lists the measuring tools necessary to determine the initial momentum of the
system before the collision takes place?
A Mass balance
B Mass balance and meterstick
C Mass balance, meterstick, and stopwatch
D Mass balance, meterstick, stopwatch, and force probe
9.
A cart of known mass moves with known speed along a level, frictionless track, as shown in the figure
above. The cart hits a force sensor and rebounds. The force sensor measures the force exerted on the cart as
a function of time and as a function of the position of the cart. The results will be graphed on the axes
shown. Which of the two graphs can be used to determine the cart’s speed after it rebounds?
Page 7 of 21
A Only graph 1; graph 2 will have no information useful for finding the speed.
B Only graph 2; graph 1 will have no information useful for finding the speed.
C Either graph 1 or graph 2 can be used.
D Neither graph alone is sufficient; both graph 1 and graph 2 are needed.
10. Two identical blocks with mass 5.0 kg each are connected to the opposite ends of a compressed spring. The
blocks initially slide together on a frictionless surface with velocity 2 m/s to the right. The spring is then
released by remote control. At some later instant, the left block is moving at 1 m/s to the left, and the other
block is moving to the right. What is the speed of the center of mass of the system at that instant?
A 4 m/s
B 3 m/s
C 2 m/s
D 0 m/s
11. Two identical carts are free to move along a straight frictionless track. At time t1, cart X is moving at 2.0
m/s when it collides with and sticks to cart Y, which is initially at rest. Which of the following graphs best
shows the velocity of cart X before and after the collision?
Page 8 of 21
Page 9 of 21
Page 10 of 21
Page 11 of 21
12. Two objects, A and B, initially at rest, are “exploded” apart by the release of a coiled spring that was
compressed between them.
As they move apart, the velocity of object A is 5 m/s and the velocity of object B is -2 m/s. The ratio of the
mass of object A to the mass of object B, mA/mB, is
Page 12 of 21
A 4/25
B 2/5
C 1/1
D 5/2
E 25/4
13. Two particles collide and stick together. If no external forces act on the two particles, which of the
following is correct for the change in total momentum Δp and the change in total kinetic energy ΔK of the
two particles?
A Δp < 0; ΔK < 0
B Δp < 0; ΔK = 0
C Δp = 0; ΔK< 0
D Δp = 0; ΔK = 0
E Δp = 0; ΔK > 0
14. Two people of unequal mass are initially standing still on ice with negligible friction. They then
simultaneously push each other horizontally. Afterward, which of the following is true?
Page 13 of 21
A The kinetic energies of the two people are equal.
B The speeds of the two people are equal.
C The momenta of the two people are of equal magnitude.
D The center of mass of the two-person system moves in the direction of the less massive person.
E The less massive person has a smaller initial acceleration than the more massive person.
15.
In an experiment, a variable net force is applied to an object. A graph of the net force exerted on the object
as a function of time is shown. Which of the following experiments could have been conducted to represent
the variable net force shown in the graph?
Page 14 of 21
A A object increases its speed from to .
B A object increases its speed from to .
C A object increases its speed from to .
D A object increases its speed from to .
16.
A student conducts an experiment to verify that a collision is elastic. The two objects, object and object
, travel toward each other, as shown in the figure. The mass and the initial speed of both objects are known.
Which of the following equations should the student consider using to verify that the collision is elastic, and
why?
Equation :
Equation :
Equation :
Page 15 of 21
Equation only, because the change in momentum of object will be equal to the negative change of
A
momentum for object .
Equation only, because the conservation of momentum must be verified for the system of object and
B
object .
Equation and equation , because the change in momentum of object will be equal to the negative
C change of momentum for object , and the difference in the kinetic energy of the system before and after
the collision should be determined.
Equation and equation , because the conservation of momentum must be verified for the system of
D object and object , and the difference in the kinetic energy of the system before and after the collision
should be determined.
Refer to the following material for answering the questions.
Block 1 of mass m1 and block 2 of mass m2 are sliding along the same line on a horizontal frictionless surface when
they collide at time tc. The graph above shows the velocities of the blocks as a function of time.
17. Which block has the greater mass, and what information indicates this?
Page 16 of 21
A Block 1, because it had a greater speed before the collision.
B Block 1, because the velocity after the collision is in the same direction as its velocity before the collision.
C Block 2, because it had a smaller speed before the collision.
Block 2, because the final velocity is closer to the initial velocity of block 2 than it is to the initial velocity
D
of block 1.
18. Which of the following is true of the motion of the center of mass of the two-block system during the time
shown?
A The center of mass does not move because the blocks are moving in opposite directions before the collision.
The center of mass moves at a constant velocity of +1.0 m/s because there is no friction acting on the
B
system.
The center-of-mass velocity starts out greater than +1.0 m/s but decreases to +1.0 m/s during the collision
C
because the collision is inelastic.
The center-of-mass velocity increases as the blocks get closer together, and then becomes constant after the
D
collision.
19. Which of the following is true of the conservation of momentum and kinetic energy?
Page 17 of 21
A Momentum is conserved only in elastic collisions.
B Momentum is conserved only in inelastic collisions.
C Kinetic energy is conserved only in elastic collisions.
D Kinetic energy is conserved only in inelastic collisions.
E Both require the same conditions in order to be conserved.
Object of mass travels with a speed of toward object of mass that is initially at rest.
20.
Object then collides with and sticks to object . After the collision, object and object remain stuck
together. How much mechanical energy is converted into nonmechanical energy during the collision?
21.
Several students are riding in bumper cars at an amusement park. The combined mass of car A and its
occupants is 250 kg. The combined mass of car B and its occupants is 200 kg. Car A is 15 m away from
car B and moving to the right at 2.0 m/s, as shown, when the driver decides to bump into car B, which
is at rest.
Page 18 of 21
(a) Car A accelerates at 1.5 m/s2 to a speed of 5.0 m/s and then continues at constant velocity until it
strikes car B. Calculate the total time for car A to travel the 15 m.
(b) After the collision, car B moves to the right at a speed of 4.8 m/s .
i. Calculate the speed of car A after the collision.
ii. Indicate the direction of motion of car A after the collision.
____ To the left ____ To the right ____ None; car A is at rest.
(c) Is this an elastic collision?
____ Yes ____ No
Justify your answer.
Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.
22.
The experimental apparatus shown in the figure above contains a pendulum consisting of a 0.66 kg ball
attached to a string of length 0.60 m. The pendulum is released from rest at an angle of 60 degrees and
collides with a ball of mass 0.22 kg initially at rest at the edge of a table. The 0.22 kg ball hits the floor
a distance of 1.4 m from the edge of the table.
a. Calculate the speed of the 0.66 kg ball just before the collision.
b. Calculate the speed of the 0.22 kg ball immediately after the collision.
c. Calculate the speed of the 0.66 kg ball immediately after the collision.
d. Indicate the direction of motion of the 0.66 kg ball immediately after the collision. ____ To the
left ____ To the right
e. Calculate the height to which the 0.66 kg ball rises after the collision.
f. Based on your data, is the collision elastic? ____ Yes ____ No Justify your answer.
Page 19 of 21
23.
A small block of mass M is released from rest at the top of the curved frictionless ramp shown above.
The block slides down the ramp and is moving with a speed 3.5v0 when it collides with a larger block of
mass 1.5M at rest at the bottom of the incline. The larger block moves to the right at a speed 2v0
immediately after the collision. Express your answers to the following questions in terms of the given
quantities and fundamental constants.
(a) Determine the height h of the ramp from which the small block was released.
(b) Determine the speed of the small block after the collision.
(c) The larger block slides a distance D before coming to rest. Determine the value of the coefficient of
kinetic friction between the larger block and the surface on which it slides.
(d) Indicate whether the collision between the two blocks is elastic or inelastic. Justify your answer.
24. A new kind of toy ball is advertised to “bounce perfectly elastically” off hard surfaces. A student
suspects, however, that no collision can be perfectly elastic. The student hypothesizes that the collisions
are very close to being perfectly elastic for low-speed collisions but that they deviate more and more
from being perfectly elastic as the collision speed increases.
a. Design an experiment to test the student’s hypothesis about collisions of the ball with a hard
surface. The student has equipment that would usually be found in a school physics laboratory.
i. What quantities would be measured?
ii. What equipment would be used for the measurements, and how would that equipment be
used?
iii. Describe the procedure to be used to test the student’s hypothesis. Give enough detail so
that another student could replicate the experiment.
Page 20 of 21
b. Describe how you would represent the data in a graph or table. Explain how that representation
would be used to determine whether the data are consistent with the student’s hypothesis.
c. A student carries out the experiment and analysis described in parts (a) and (b). The student
immediately concludes that something went wrong in the experiment because the graph or table
shows behavior that is elastic for low-speed collisions but appears to violate a basic physics
principle for high-speed collisions.
i. Give an example of a graph or table that indicates nearly elastic behavior for low-speed
collisions but appears to violate a basic physics principle for high-speed collisions.
ii. State one physics principle that appears to be violated in the graph or table given in part
(c)i. Several physics principles might appear to be violated, but you only need to identify
one. Briefly explain what aspect of the graph or table indicates that the physics principle is
violated, and why.
Copyright © 2021. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your school’s participation in
the program is prohibited.
Page 21 of 21

APCR Unit 5 MCQ and FRQ 1 1 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

APCR Unit 5 MCQ and FRQ 1 1 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

AP Physics 1 Test Booklet

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1) Name

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

A The change in momentum is in the negative direction.

B The change in momentum is in the positive direction.

C The change in momentum is zero.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

D I and III only

E I, II, and III

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

B Mass balance and meterstick

C Mass balance, meterstick, and stopwatch

D Mass balance, meterstick, stopwatch, and force probe

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

C Either graph 1 or graph 2 can be used.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

A The kinetic energies of the two people are equal.

B The speeds of the two people are equal.

C The momenta of the two people are of equal magnitude.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

A A object increases its speed from to .

B A object increases its speed from to .

C A object increases its speed from to .

D A object increases its speed from to .

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Refer to the following material for answering the questions.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

A Block 1, because it had a greater speed before the collision.

C Block 2, because it had a smaller speed before the collision.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

A Momentum is conserved only in elastic collisions.

B Momentum is conserved only in inelastic collisions.

C Kinetic energy is conserved only in elastic collisions.

D Kinetic energy is conserved only in inelastic collisions.

E Both require the same conditions in order to be conserved.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

i. Calculate the speed of car A after the collision.

ii. Indicate the direction of motion of car A after the collision.

(c) Is this an elastic collision?

____ Yes ____ No

Justify your answer.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

Ch7 - Unit 5 - MCQ and FRQ (1)

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

You might also like

Yes No