TUGADE, ROY OLIVER B.

SEAMANSHIP 5

BSMT 3 ECHO-NON

Ship rescue methods are critical for everyone’s safety during unforeseen calamities.
Drills for warning signals and responses, protocols for man overboard and ship
abandonment situations, and fire and collision prevention techniques are all examples.

Drills are vital for interpreting emergency alerts and determining where to go in an
emergency. In cases of man overboard or ship abandonment, prompt action and clear
communication are essential. Fires and crashes necessitate a rapid reaction, with
precautionary measures such as frequent inspections and firefighting equipment in place to
reduce risk.

Strong behavior, realistic drills, and a composed attitude are necessary for handling
crises on board a ship. Crew members need to be aware of emergency procedures and ready
to act quickly. Everyone’s safety on board can be ensured by following these guidelines and
being calm and organized in an emergency.
TUGADE, ROY OLIVER B. MANAGEMENT II

BSMT 3 ECHO-NON

The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and Watch keeping for
Seafarers (STCW) 1978 was significantly revised and updated in 1984, 1995, 2010, and 2017.
Here are the main changes introduced during each iteration.

1984 Revision: The STCW 1978 Convention entered into force on April 28, 1984. This initial
convention established basic requirements for training, certification, and watch keeping for
seafarers on an international level. It aimed to standardize practices across different
countries and ensure minimum standards were met or exceeded.

1995 Revision: The 1995 amendments marked a major revision of the STCW Convention.
These changes were introduced to update the convention and address vague phrases that
led to varying interpretations. The amendments divided the technical annex into regulations
and a new STCW Code, simplifying administration and updating technical regulations. It also
required detailed information from parties to ensure compliance with the convention.

2010 Revision (Manila Amendments): The Manila Amendments in 2010 were aimed at
bringing the STCW Convention and Code up to date with new developments. These
amendments introduced various changes, including improved measures to prevent
fraudulent practices, revised requirements on hours of work and rest, new certification
requirements, training in modern technology, security training, and updated competence
requirements for personnel serving on different types of vessels.

2017 Revision: The 2017 revisions focused on further enhancing the STCW Convention and
Code. These updates aimed to address emerging issues and ensure that seafarers were
adequately trained and certified to meet evolving demands in the maritime industry. The
revisions likely included adjustments to training methodologies, new training requirements,
and updates to existing standards to align with current industry practices and technologies.
CALLANGAN, JOHN MARK G.

BSMT 3E NON

SEAMANSHIP 5

Given the diversity of possibilities for scenarios that may occur in the maritime modal, and
considering the resulting socio-environmental impacts, it is necessary to analyze what risks a
company operating in this modal is subject to, in order to identify what are the possible
situations to happen.

The ECP in the maritime modal aims to provide a set of guidelines and information aiming at
the adoption of logical, technical and administrative procedures, in order to prevent and
minimize the risks and potential impacts of activities subject to emergency situations. This
way, with the ECP it is possible to identify possible emergency scenarios and thus establish a
standard of conduct to respond to them quickly, safely and efficiently, minimizing any type of
environmental impact. The ECP structure is composed of a set of emergency measures and
procedures, first aid and medical care. They indicate the responsibilities and actions to be
taken immediately after an incident. They also define the human resources, materials and
equipment suitable for preventing, controlling and combating emergencies in port facilities
that threaten physical integrity and human health.

For each class of risk that exists, there must be their respective file, located in the spaces
where dangerous products are operated. Basic and specific response procedures, area
evacuation, communication, combat and post-emergencies actions, training and simulations,
dissemination and maintenance of the plan must also be indicated.
CALLANGAN, JOHN MARK G.

BSMT 3E NON

MANAGEMENT 2

The 1978 STCW Convention was the first to establish basic requirements on training,
certification and watchkeeping for seafarers on an international level. Previously the
standards of training, certification and watchkeeping of officers and ratings were established
by individual governments, usually without reference to practices in other countries. As a
result standards and procedures varied widely, even though shipping is the most
international of all industries.

The convention prescribes minimum standards relating to training, certification and

watchkeeping for seafarers which countries are obliged to meet or exceed.

The 1995 amendments, adopted by a Conference, represented a major revision of the

Convention, in response to a recognized need to bring the Convention up to date and to
respond to critics who pointed out the many vague phrases, such as to the satisfaction of the
Administration, which resulted in different interpretations being made. The 1995
amendments entered into force on 1 February 1997. One of the major features of the
revision was the division of the technical annex into regulations, divided into Chapters as
before, and a new STCW Code, to which many technical regulations were transferred. Part A
of the Code is mandatory while Part B is recommended. Dividing the regulations up in this
way makes administration easier and it also makes the task of revising and updating them
more simple: for procedural and legal reasons there is no need to call a full conference to
make changes to Codes.

Another major change was the requirement for Parties to the Convention are required to
provide detailed information to IMO concerning administrative measures taken to ensure
compliance with the Convention. This represented the first time that IMO had been called
upon to act in relation to compliance and implementation – generally, implementation is
down to the flag States, while port State control also acts to ensure compliance. Under
Chapter I, regulation I/7 of the revised Convention, Parties are required to provide detailed
information to IMO concerning administrative measures taken to ensure compliance with
the Convention, education and training courses, certification procedures and other factors
relevant to implementation.The information is reviewed by panels of competent persons,
nominated by Parties to the STCW Convention, who report on their findings to the IMO
Secretary-General, who, in turn, reports to the Maritime Safety Committee on the Parties
which fully comply. The MSC then produces a list of confirmed Parties in compliance with
the STCW Convention.