1. What is polygraph?

A polygraph, commonly known as a lie detector, is a machine used to measure physiological

responses in individuals when they answer a series of questions. It typically records changes in
heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and skin conductivity. The underlying assumption is
that when someone is being deceptive or lying, their physiological responses may show
variations that can be detected by the polygraph. While it is used in some law enforcement and
investigative contexts, its accuracy and reliability have been the subject of debate and
controversy.

2. What is the use of polygraph?

Polygraphs, or lie detectors, are used in criminal investigations, pre-employment screening,

security clearances, probation monitoring, and occasionally in domestic disputes to assess
truthfulness. However, their reliability and use as evidence in legal contexts are contentious and
vary by jurisdiction.

3. What is the Philippine position on the legality of polygraph?

As of September 2021, the Philippines lacks specific legislation regarding the legality of
polygraph testing. Nevertheless, polygraph tests have been employed in law enforcement and
pre-employment screenings. In the absence of dedicated laws, their use must adhere to the
Philippine Constitution's right to privacy and labor laws for employers.

Polygraph results aren't typically admissible as evidence in Philippine courts, which favor more
reliable forms like witness testimonies, documents, or widely accepted scientific evidence.

Due to the limitations and controversies surrounding polygraph testing, individuals and
organizations in the Philippines should exercise caution when using or relying on it. Consulting
with legal experts and exploring alternative, scientifically sound, and legally recognized
investigative methods is advisable.

4. Differentiate the legal status of polygraph result in the Philippines and the three other country.

The legal status of polygraph results varies internationally, with distinct regulatory
frameworks and applications in different jurisdictions. In the Philippines, polygraph results are
generally deemed inadmissible as court evidence due to perceived unreliability, yet they find
utility in investigative procedures and pre-employment screenings for sensitive roles. In the
United States, admissibility depends on state and jurisdiction, often accompanied by court
skepticism. The United Kingdom refrains from employing polygraph tests in criminal
proceedings but has limited usage in probationary contexts, governed by stringent guidelines. In
Canada, polygraph results are typically inadmissible in court but find use in certain employment
screenings and investigative settings. Globally, there is a prevailing skepticism regarding the
reliability of polygraph results, leading to their restricted use in legal and occupational domains.

5. Describe the international influence in forensic science particularly in polygraphic test result?

International influence in forensic science, including polygraph testing results, is significant and
plays a crucial role in promoting standardized practices, sharing research, and advancing the
field. It helps ensure that the field evolves in a way that upholds scientific rigor, reliability, and
ethical standards. However, it's essential to be aware that while there is international influence
and cooperation, individual countries may still have their own legal and regulatory frameworks
governing the use of polygraph results.

6. Research and present your position on forensic polygraphy

As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, the Philippines does not have a specific law or
regulation that explicitly addresses the legality of polygraph testing. However, polygraph testing
has been used in certain contexts in the Philippines, such as in law enforcement and pre-
employment screenings.

In the absence of specific legislation, the use of polygraph tests in the Philippines may be
subject to general legal principles and regulations. For example, the Philippine Constitution
guarantees the right to privacy, and any use of polygraph testing must be in compliance with
this constitutional right. Employers and organizations conducting polygraph tests must also
ensure that their practices adhere to labor laws and regulations, including those related to hiring
and employment.

It's worth noting that the admissibility of polygraph results as evidence in Philippine courts is
generally not recognized. Courts in the Philippines typically require more reliable and objective
forms of evidence, such as witness testimonies, documentary evidence, or scientific evidence
that has gained acceptance in the relevant scientific community.

Given the limitations and controversies surrounding polygraph testing, it is advisable for
individuals and organizations in the Philippines to exercise caution when utilizing or relying on
polygraph results. It is recommended to consult with legal professionals and consider alternative
methods of investigation and evidence gathering that have a stronger scientific basis and legal
recognition.