Group 'A' Microbiology-10

1. Describe principle and clinical significance of gram stain.

2.5+2.5-5

2. Describe the sample collection, transfer and PCR method used for SARS-COVID-19 virus.

Group 'B' Genetics - 5

3. Outline the differences between point mutation and frame-shift mutation with examples

Group 'C' Anatomy-14

3+2-5

4. Explain the blood and nerve supply of heart.

5. Mention the parts and relations of internal carotid artery.

2-2-4

6. Write a short note on male Pseudohermaphroditism.

Group 'D' Pathology - 12

7. Discuss in brief the mechanism of autoimmune disease 4 4

8. Describe autophagy.

9. Evaluate oncogenic DNA virus. Describe the mechanism of tumorogenesis

Group 'A' Microbiology - 10

1. Describe the mechanism of antimicrobial drug resistance. 5

2 Describe hospital-acquired infection in post operative room and ICU. 5

Group 'B' Genetics-5

3. Give the genetic basis and features of Huntington's chorea. Mention the steps of genetic counselling.
3+2-5

Group 'C' Anatomy-14

4. Explain the pilosebaceous unit of skin with relevant applied

3+2-5
aspects. Explain the age related changes in skin.

5. Mention the functional components, origin, and cutaneous area ef supply of trigeminal nerve in brief
and correlate clinically.

1+1+2+1-5

6. Explain briefly on hypothalamo-hypophysical portal system.

Group D' Pathology - 12

7. Write short notes on:

a. P53 gene

3x4-12

b. Major abnormalities of immune function in AIDS

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Group E Biochemistry-10

8. Describe the biochemical basis of evaluation of kidney function in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
9. How do you explain new school of thoughts of cardiac markers in ischemic heart disease & myocardial
infarction?

werke of onda the sheds

10. Write short notes on the following:)

2x2-4

COPD 7 a. Gamma-glutamyltransferase in COPD b. Biochemical tests in pancreatic insufficiency,

challeng

Group 'F' Pharmacology-10

11. Enumerate the antimicrobials effective for treatment of cet various forms of staphylococcus with
their speciffe vide mechanism of action. Describe adverse effects of Linezolid.

2+2+2-6

12. Outline the management of acute angina pectoris. Describe metabolic modulators used in the
treatment of angina pectoris

2+2-4
Group 'G' Biostatistics-5

13. Write short notes on:

a. Chi-square test and its application

b. Type I and type II error

Group 'H' Physiology - 14 ✓ Explain why the heart muscle behaves as a "functional

syncytium. Why the heart muscle dos not undergo"

tetanization"? Explain "coronary steal" syndrome. 1+1+2-4 chy 15 Explain how urine is concentrated by
the kidneys. Why osteoporosis and anemia occur in chronic renal failure?

3+0.5+0.5-4

16. Write short notes on:

Haldane effect and Bohr Effect

Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer

3x2-6

Physiological basis of polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia seen in Diabetes mellitus

Group 'E' Biochemistry-10

10. Short notes:

4x2.5-10

a. Estimated GFR and measured GFR

Fy (fe

b. Non thyroidal illness and thyroid profile

c. Troponin analysis in myocardial infarction

TB

d. SGPT/SGOT relation in hepatitis

Group F Pharmacology-10

11. Discuss the mechanism of anti-microbial resistance and strategies to minimize it. 4

12. Write short notes on:

2x3-6

a. Post-marketing surveillance of drugs

b. Mechanism of action of corticosteroids.

Group 'G' Biostatistics - 5

13. What is basic difference between t-test and z-test? Describe situation in which paired t-test is used.

Group 'H' Physiology-14

14. Discuss briefly the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer and

principles of treatment. 15. Discuss the metabolic actions 4 s of insulin. 3, Lipo gene

16. Write short notes on:

a. Peripheral chemoreceptors

b. Permissive action of cortisol