OC^FZC@ ^G@DCBWOWC@

DGMCM JGZDCZCB DG@IWG (DJD)

A. HF
HF@U
@UG^
G^ MGDA
MGDAU
U

C. DGLA
DGLA@A
@AUA
UA
Dgmcm Jgrdcrcb Dg`iug (DJD) cdcocb pg`ychat a`lghsa yc`i dasgjcjhc` fogb
varus dg`iug dg`ic` mc`algstcsa hoa`as dgmcm, `ygra ftft dc`/ctcu `ygra sg`da yc`i
dasgrtca
dasgrtca oguhfpg`ac,
oguhfpg`ac, rucm, oamlcdg`fpc
oamlcdg`fpcta,
ta, trfmjfsat
trfmjfsatfpg`ac
fpg`ac dc` datgsas
datgsas bgmfrciah.
bgmfrciah.
^c
^cdc
dc DJD
DJD tg
tgrk
rkcd
cdaa pgrgm
pgrgmjg
jgsc
sc`
` pocs
pocsmc
mc yc
yc`i
`i da
datc
tc`dc
`dcaa dg
dg`ic
`ic`
` bgmfhf
bgmfhfsg
sg`t
`trc
rcsa
sa
(pg`a`ihctc` bgmctfhrat) ctcu pg`umpuhc` ecarc` darf`iic tujub. Ua`drfm rg`kctc`
dg`iug yc`i datc`dca fogb rg`kctc` ctcu syfh (@urcral & Husumc :>37).
Dgmcm Jgrdcrcb Dg`iug (DJD) cdcocb pg`ychat yc`i mg`ygrc`i c`ch dc`
frc`i dgwcsc yc`i dasgjcjhc` fogb varus dg`ic` mc`algstcsa jgrupc dgmcm chut,
pgrdcrcbc`, `ygra ftft dc` sg`da. Dg`iug cdcocb suctu a`lghsa Crjfvarus (Crtrfpfd
Jfr`
Jfr` \arus)
\arus) yc`i chut datuocrh
datuocrhc`
c` fogb
fogb `ycmuh
`ycmuh Cgdgs
Cgdgs Cgiypt
Cgiyptaa ctcu
ctcu fogb
fogb Cgdgs
Cgdgs
Cgjfpaetus (Yakcyc`a`isab :>39).
DJD ctcu Dg`iug Bgmfrrbciae Lgvgr (DBL) mg`uocr mgocoua iaiatc` `ycmuh
Cgdgs cgiypta. mgrupchc` pg`ychat jgrjcsas vghtfr yc`i mg`kcda pg`ygjcj hgmctac`
utcmc da jc`ych `gicrc trfpas (Bcrmcwc` :>32).

J. HOCU
HOCUAL
ALAH
AHCU
CUAA

DJD dajgdchc` mg`kcda 4 dgrckct sgjcica jgrahut ;

3) Dg
Dgrc
rckc
kctt A ; dg
dgmc
mcm
m dasg
dasgrt
rtca
ca ig
igkc
kcoc
oc ta
tadc
dch
h hbcs
hbcs,, bc
bc`y
`ycc tg
tgrd
rdcp
cpct
ct mc`a
mc`alg
lgst
stcs
csaa
pgrdcrcbc` (uka tur`ahgt pfsatal)
:) Dgrckc
Dgrckctt AA ; sgpgrt
sgpgrtaa dgrckc
dgrckctt A dasgrt
dasgrtca
ca pgrdcrcb
pgrdcrcbc`
c` spf`tc`
spf`tc` da huoat dc` pgrdcrcbc`
pgrdcrcbc`
oca`
5) Dgrckc
Dgrckctt AAA ; datgmuhc`
datgmuhc` hgicico
hgicicoc`
c` sarhuocs
sarhuocsaa dcrcb dg`ic`
dg`ic` cdc`yc
cdc`yc `cda egpct
egpct dc`
ogmcb,
ogmcb, tghc`c`
tghc`c` `cda
`cda mg`uru
mg`uru`
` ctcu
ctcu bapftg
bapftg`sa
`sa dasgrt
dasgrtca
ca huoat
huoat yc`i
yc`i da`ia`
da`ia` dc`
ogmjcj, igoascb
 4) Dgrckct
Dgrckct A\ ; rc`kctc`
rc`kctc` jgrct
jgrct dg`ic` `cda
`cda tadch tgrcjc
tgrcjc dc` tghc`c`
tghc`c` dcrcb
dcrcb yc`i tadch
tadch
dcpct dauhur. (YBF, :>39)

E. GTAFOFIA
\arus
\arus dg`iug,
dg`iug, tgrmcs
tgrmcsuh
uh ig`us
ig`us Locvav
Locvavaru
arus,
s, hgoucr
hgoucric
ic locvar
locvaradc
adcg.
g. Tgr
Tgrdcpc
dcpctt 4
sgrftapg varus ycatu DG@-3, DG@-:, DG@-5 dc` DG@-4. Hggmpct`yc datgmuhc` da
A`df`g
A`df`gsac
sac dg`ic`
dg`ic` DG@-5
DG@-5 sgrfta
sgrftapg
pg tgrjc`
tgrjc`ych.
ych. A`lghs
A`lghsaa scocb
scocb sctu
sctu sgrfta
sgrftapg
pg chc`
mg`amjuohc`
mg`amjuohc` c`tajfdy
c`tajfdy tgrbcdcp
tgrbcdcp sgrftapg
sgrftapg yc`i jgrsc`ihutc
jgrsc`ihutc`,
`, sgdc`ihc`
sgdc`ihc` c`tajfdy
c`tajfdy
yc
yc`i
`i tg
tgrj
rjg`
g`tu
tuh
h tg
tgrb
rbcd
cdcp
cp sg
sgrf
rfty
typg
pg oc
oca`
a` sc
sc`ic
`ictt hu
hurc
rc`i
`i,, sg
sgba
ba`ii
`iicc ta
tadch
dch dcpct
dcpct
mgmjgrahc`
mgmjgrahc` pgroa`du`ic`
pgroa`du`ic` yc`i mgmcdca
mgmcdca tgrbcdcp
tgrbcdcp sgrftapg
sgrftapg oca` tgrsgjut. Ugsgfrc`i
yc`i ta`iico da dcgrcb g`dgmas dg`iug dcpct tgra`lghsa fogb 5 ctcu 4 sgrftapg sgocmc
badup`yc. Hggmpct sgrftapg varus dg`iug dcpct datgmuhc` da jgrjcica dcgrcb da
A`df`gsac (@urcral & Husumc :>37).

D. ^CTF
^CTFLA
LAUA
UAFO
FOFI
FIAA
\arus dg`iug yc`i tgocb mcsuh hgtujub pg`dgratc chc` mg`amjuohc`
mg`amjuohc` vargmac.
vargmac.
Bco tgrsgj
tgrsgjut
ut chc`
chc` mg`amj
mg`amjuoh
uohc`
c` rgchsa
rgchsa fogb
fogb pusct
pusct pg`ictu
pg`icturr subu
subu da bapftc
bapftcocm
ocmus
us
sgba`i
sgba`iic
ic mg`ygjc
mg`ygjcjhc
jhc`
` (pgogp
(pgogpcsc
csc`
` zct jrcdah
jrcdaha`a
a`a`,
`, sgrfta
sgrfta`a`
`a`,, trfmja
trfmja`,
`, bastcm
bastcma`)
a`)
tgrkcd
tgrkcda`yc
a`yc;; pg`a`i
pg`a`ihct
hctc`
c` subu.
subu. Ugoca`
Ugoca` atu var
vargma
gmacc mg`ygjc
mg`ygjcjhc
jhc`
` pgogjc
pgogjcrc`
rc` pcdc
pcdc
da`da`i pgmjuoub dcrcb yc`i mg`ygjcjhc` pgrpa`dcbc` ecarc` dc` pocsmc dcra
a`trcvcseuocr hg a`tgrsasago yc`i mg`ygjcjhc` bapfvfogmac. Trfmjfsatfpg`ac dcpct
tgrkcda chajct dcra pg`uru`c` prfduhsa
prfduh sa trfmjfsat sgjcica rgchsa dcra c`tajfda mgocwc`
varus (Murwc`a :>32).
^cdcc pcsag`
^cd pcsag` dg`ic`
dg`ic` trfmjf
trfmjfsat
satfpg`
fpg`ac
ac tgr
tgrdcp
dcpct
ct cdc`yc
cdc`yc pgrdcr
pgrdcrcbc
cbc`
` jcah
jcah huoat
huoat
sgpgrta pgtghac ctcu pgrdcrcbc` muhfsc da muout. Bco a`a mg`ichajcthc` cdc`yc
hgbaoc
hgbaoc`ic`
`ic` hgmcmp
hgmcmpuc`
uc` tujub
tujub u`tuh
u`tuh mgochu
mgochuhc`
hc` mghc`a
mghc`asmg
smg bgmfst
bgmfstcta
ctass sgecrc
sgecrc
`frmco. Bco tgrsgjut dcpct mg`amjuohc` pgrdcrcbc` dc` kahc tadch tgrtc`ic`a mchc
chc` mg`amjuohc` syfh. Mcsc varus dg`iug a`hujcsa 5-37 bcra, rctc-rctc 7-2 bcra.
\arus chc` mcsuh hg dcocm tujub mgocoua iaiatc` `ycmuh Cgdgs cgiypta. ^grtcmc
tcmc yc`i tgrkcda cdcocb vargmac yc`i mg`ichajcthc` pg`dgratc mg`icocma dgmcm,

schat hgpcoc, muco, `ygra ftft pgico pgico da sgourub tujub, rucm ctcu ja`tah ja`tah
 mgrc
mgrcb
b pc
pcdc
dc hu
huoa
oat,
t, bapgr
bapgrgm
gmac
ac tg
tg`i
`iif
ifrf
rfhc
hc`
` dc
dc`
` bc
bcoo oc
oca`
a` yc
yc`i
`i mu`ih
mu`iha`
a` tg
tgrk
rkcd
cdaa
pgmjgscrc` hgog`kcr igtcb jg`a`i, pgmjgscrc` bcta ctcu bgpctfmgicoa (Murwc`a
:>32).
Hgmuda
Hgmudac`
c` varus
varus jgrgch
jgrgchsa
sa dg`ic`
dg`ic` c`tajf
c`tajfda
da dc` tgr
tgrjg`
jg`tuh
tuhocb
ocb hfmpog
hfmpoghs
hs varus
varus
c`tajfda. Dcocm sarhuocsa dc` chc` mg`ictavcsa sastgm hfmpogmg`. Chajct chtavcsa
E5 dc` E7 chc` da ogpcs E5c dc` E7c duc pgptadc yc`i jgrdcyc u`tuh mgogpcshc`
bastcma` dc` mgrupchc` mgdactfr huct sgjcica lchtfr mg`a`ihct`yc pgrmgcjaoatcs
da`da`i hcpaogr pgmjuoub dcrcb yc`i mg`ichajcthc` tgrkcda`yc pgmjgscrc` pocsmc
hg ruc`i ghstrcsgouogr. ^gmjgscrc` pocsmc hg ruc`i ghstc sgouogr mg`ichajcthc`
hghurc`ic` vfoumg pocsmc, tgrkcda bapftg`sa, bgmfhf`sg`trcsa dc` bapfprftga`gmac
sgrtc glusa dc` rg`kctc` ctcu syfh. Bgmfhf`sg`trcsa ctcu pg`a`ihctc` bgmctfhrat
0:
0:>%
>% mg`u`
mg`u`ku
kuhc`
hc` ct
ctcu
cu mg`i
mg`iic
icmj
mjcr
crhc`
hc` cd
cdc`y
c`ycc hgjfe
hgjfefr
frc`
c` ct
ctcu
cu pgrgm
pgrgmjg
jgsc
sc`
`
sgba`iic `aoca bgmctfhrat mg`kcda pg`ta`i u`tuh pctfhc` pgmjgrac` ecarc` a`trcvg`c

(Murwc`a :>32).
Cdc`
Cdc`yc
yc hg
hgjfjfefr
efrc`
c` pocs
pocsmc
mc hg dc
dcgr
grcb
cb gh
ghst
strc
rc vc
vcsh
shuo
uogr
gr da ju
juht
htah
ahc`
c` dg`ic
dg`ic`
`
datgmu
datgmuhc`
hc` ecarc`
ecarc` yc`i
yc`i tgrtam
tgrtamju`
ju` dcocm
dcocm rf`iic
rf`iic sgrfsc
sgrfsc ycatu
ycatu rf`iic
rf`iic pgratf
pgratf`au
`aum,
m,
pogurc, dc` pgrahcrdaum yc`i pcdc ftfpsa tgr`yctc mgogjaba ecarc` yc`i dajgrahc`
mgocoua
mgocoua a`lus.
a`lus. Ugtgocb
Ugtgocb pgmjgrac`
pgmjgrac` ecarc`
ecarc` a`trcvg`c,
a`trcvg`c, pg`a`ihctc`
pg`a`ihctc` kumocb
kumocb trfmjfsat
trfmjfsat
mg`u`kuhc` hgjfefrc` pocsmc tgocb tgrctcsa, sgba`iic pgmjgrac` ecarc` a`trcvg`c
bcrus da hurc`ia hgegpctc` dc` kumocb`yc u`tuh mg`egicb tgrkcda gdgmc pcru dc`
icico kc`tu`i, sgjcoah`yc kahc tadch mg`dcpct ecarc` yc`i euhup, pg`dgratc chc`
mg`icocma hghurc`ic` ecarc` yc`i chc` mg`ichajcthc` hf`dasa yc`i juruh jcbhc`
jasc mg`icocma rg`kctc`. Kahc rg`kctc` ctcu bapfvfogmah jgroc`isu`i ocmc chc`
tamjuo c`fhsac kcra`ic`, mgtcjfoah csadfsas dc` hgmctac` cpcjaoc tadch sgigrc dactcsa
dg`ic` jcah (Murwc`a :>32).

G. MC@A
MC@AULG
ULGUT
UTCU
CUAA HOA@
HOA@AU
AU
3. ^c`cs ta`iia
ta`iia dasgrt
dasgrtca
ca mg`iiai
mg`iiaiao
ao pcdc
pcdc scct
scct sgrc`ic
sgrc`ic`
`
:. Wk
Wkaa tur
tur`a
`aqug
qugtt pfs
pfsat
atal
al
5. Ogmcb

4. @clsu
@clsu mchc`
mchc` jg
jgrh
rhur
urc`i
c`i
 7. C`frghsac
<. Mu`tcb
9. @ygr
@ygraa sg`
sg`da
da dc`
dc` ftft
ftft
2. ^usa`i
1. Mc`algstcs
Mc`algstcsaa pgrdcrcbc`
pgrdcrcbc` sgpgrta;
sgpgrta; ptghag,
ptghag, gpatchsas
gpatchsas,, iusa jgdcrcb,
jgdcrcb, mgog`c,
mgog`c, bgmcturac
bgmcturac
mcsal (Zg`arc, :>31).

L. ^GMG
^GMGZA
ZAHU
HUCC
CC@
@ ^G@W@
^G@W@KC
KC@I
@I
^gmgrahscc` pg`u`kc`i yc`i mu`iha` daochuhc` pcdc pg`dgratc DBL c`tcrc oca`
cdcocb (Yakcyc`a`isab :>39) ;
3. ^gmgr
^gmgrah
ahsc
scc`
c` dcrc
dcrcb
b og`ihc
og`ihcp
p
c. ^g
^gmg
mgra
rahs
hscc
cc`
` dc
dcrc
rcb
b ruta
ruta`
` daoc
daochu
huhc`
hc` u`tuh
u`tuh mgmg
mgmgra
rahs
hscc hc
hcdcr
dcr bg
bgmf
mfio
iofj
fja`
a`,,
bgmctf
bgmctfhra
hrat,
t, kumocb
kumocb trfmj
trfmjfsa
fsat.
t. ^g`a`ihc
^g`a`ihctc`
tc` `ao
`aoca
ca bgmctf
bgmctfhra
hratt yc`i
yc`i sgocou
sgocou

dakumpca pcdc DBL mgrupchc` a`dahctfr tgrkcda`yc pgrgmjgsc` pocsmc.

j. ^cdc dgmcm dg`iug tgrdcpct Oguhfpg`ac pcdc bcra hgduc ctcu bcra hgtaic.
e. ^cdc dgmcm
dgmcm jgrdcr
jgrdcrcb
cb tgrdcpct
tgrdcpct trfmjfsat
trfmjfsatfpg`ac
fpg`ac dc` bgmfhf`s
bgmfhf`sg`trcs
g`trcsaa
:. Wka sgrfofi
sgrfofiaa = Wka BA (Bgmciou
(Bgmciouta`
ta`cta
ctaf`
f` A`baja
A`bajataf
taf`
` Tgst)
Tgst) Wka sgrfof
sgrfofia
ia dadcscrh
dadcscrhc`
c`
ctcss tamjuo
ctc tamjuo`yc
`yc c`tajf
c`tajfdy
dy pcdc pg`dgra
pg`dgratc
tc yc`i tgr
tgrkcd
kcdaa sgtgoc
sgtgocb
b a`lghs
a`lghsa.
a. W`tuh
W`tuh
mg`g`t
mg`g`tuhc
uhc`
` hcdcr
hcdcr c`tajf
c`tajfdy
dy ctcu
ctcu c`taig
c`taig`
` dadcsc
dadcscrhc
rhc`
` pcdc
pcdc mc`al
mc`algst
gstcsa
csa rgchsa
rgchsa
c`taig`-c`tajfdy.
5. = Wka BA (Bgmciout
(Bgmciouta`cta
a`ctaf`
f` A`bajataf`
A`bajataf` Tgst)
Tgst) Wka sgrfofia
sgrfofia dadcsc
dadcscrhc`
rhc` ctcs tamjuo
tamjuo`yc
`yc
c`tajfdy pcdc pg`dgratc yc`i tgrkcda sgtgocb a`lghsa. W`tuh mg`g`tuhc` hcdcr
c`tajfdy ctcu c`taig` dadcscrhc` pcdc mc`algstcsa rgchsa c`taig`-c`tajfdy
4. Wka bcmjctc`
bcmjctc` bgmciout
bgmciouta`c
a`csa
sa ^ra`sap
^ra`sap mgtfdg
mgtfdg a`a cdcocb
cdcocb mg`iuhu
mg`iuhurr ecmpur
ecmpurc`
c` tatgr
AiM
AiM dc
dc`
` AiI
AiI jg
jgrd
rdcs
cscr
crhc
hc`
` pc
pcdc
dc hgmcm
hgmcmpu
puc`
c` c`
c`ta
tajfd
jfdy-
y-dg
dg`iu
`iugg yc
yc`i
`i dcp
dcpct
ct
mg`ibcmjct rgchsa bgmciouta`csa dcrcb c`isc fogb varus dg`iug yc`i dasgjut
rgchsa bgmciouta`csa a`bajatfr (BA).
7. Wka `gtrcoas
`gtrcoascsa
csa (@gutrco
(@gutrcoascsa
ascsa Tgst
Tgst = @T tgst) Mgrupchc
Mgrupchc`
` uka sgrfofia
sgrfofia yc`i pcoa`i
pcoa`i
spgsalah dc` sg`satal u`tuh varus dg`iug. Mg`iiu`chc` mgtfdg pociug rgduetaf`
`gutrco
`gutrcoazc
azctaf
taf`
` tgst
tgst (^Z@T). ^ocqug cdcocb dcgrcb tgmpct varus mg`ia`lghsa sgo dc`

jctcs yc`i kgocs chc` daoabct

daoabct tgrbcdcp sgo da sghatcr yc`i tadch tgrh
tgrhg`c
g`c a`lghsa
 <. Wka GOAUC c`ta dg`iug Wka a`a mgmpu`yca sg`satavatcs scmc dg`ic` uka Bgmciouta`ctaf`
A`bajataf` (BA). Dc` jcbhc` ogjab sg`satavg dcra pcdc uka BA. ^ra`sap dcra mgtfdg a`a
cdcocb mg`dgtghsa cdc`yc c`tajfdy AiM dc` AiI da dcocm sgrum pg`dgratc.

9. Zf`tig` Tbfrcx ; pcdc lftf tbfrcx (pcdc DBL ircdg AAA/ A\ dc` sgjciac` jgscr ircdg AA)
da dcpcthc` glusa pogurc

I. HF
HFM^
M^OA
OAHC
HCUA
UA
Hfmpoahcsa pcdc DJD ycatu;
3. Dgbadrc
Dgbadrcsa
sa sgdc`i
sgdc`i scmpca
scmpca jgrct
jgrct
:. @utras
@utrasaa h
hurc
urc`i
`i dcra
dcra hgjutub
hgjutubc`.
c`.
5. Hgkc`i
Hgkc`i hcrg`c
hcrg`c dgmcm
dgmcm tgrocou
tgrocou ta`iia
ta`iia yc`i tgrus mg`grus
mg`grus.. Ugoca`
Ugoca` atu hfmpoahc
hfmpoahcsa
sa
dcra pgmjgrac` ecarc` yc`i jgrogjabc` chc` mg`ygjcjhc` icico `clcs, ic`iiuc`
pcdc goghtrfoat, iuoc dcrcb mg`uru`, hcdcr `ctraum, hcosaum kuic mg`uru`, sgrtc
dcpctt mg`ich
dcpc mg`ichajc
ajcthc
thc`
` iuoc
iuoc dcrcb
dcrcb dactcs
dactcs `frmco
`frmco ctcu
ctcu mg`ico
mg`icocma
cma pg`a`i
pg`a`ihct
hctc`
c`
(Kc``cb, :>31).

B. ^G@C
^G@CTC
TCOC
OCHU
HUC@
C@CC
CC@
@
^c
^cdc
dc pc
pcsa
sag`
g` DBL
DBL tg
tgrd
rdcp
cpct
ct jg
jgjg
jgrc
rcpc
pc mcsc
mcscoc
ocb
b hgpgr
hgpgrcw
cwct
ctc`
c` yc
yc`i
`i mu`e
mu`euo
uo..
Mcsc
Mcscoc
ocb
b yc
yc`i
`i mu`e
mu`euo
uo dc
dcpct
pct datg
datgmu
muhc
hc`
` pc
pcdc
dc sc
scct
ct pg
pg`i
`ihck
hckac
ac`.
`. ^c
^cdc
dc umum
umum`y
`ycc
mcscocb yc`i cdc pcdc pcsag` DBL ych`a dgmcm ta`iia dasgrtca mg`iiaiao. ^cdc
pcsag` dgmcm dcpct daochuhc` pgmjgrac` hfmprgs bc`ict u`tuh mg`uru`hc`
dg
dgmc
mcm.
m. Ug
Ugoc
oca`
a` atu
atu pc
pcsa
sag`
g` DBL
DBL kuic
kuic mg`i
mg`ico
cocm
cmaa hg
hghu
hurc
rc`i
`ic`
c` vf
vfou
oumg
mg ec
ecar
arc`
c`
dahcrg`chc`
dahcrg`chc` dgmcm hcrg`c pa`dcb`yc ecarc` a`tgrcvcshuo
a`tgrcvcshuogr
gr hg ghstrcvcshu
ghstrcvcshuogr.
ogr. ^cdc
pcsag` DBL yc`i mg`icocma hghurc`ic` vfoumg ecarc`, ta`dchc` hgpgrcwctc` yc`i
yc `i
dcpct daochuhc` ycatu mg`iic`ta ecarc` yc`i baoc`i dg`ic` mg`a`ihcthc` csupc`
sgecrc
sgecrc frco
frco masco`
masco`yc
yc mchc`
mchc` dc` ma`um
ma`um car yc`i euhup,
euhup, pgmjgr
pgmjgrac`
ac` frcoat
frcoat sgrtc
pgmjgrac` ecarc` sgecrc pcrg`tgrco (Kc``cb, :>31).
AA
AA.. HF@U
HF@UG^
G^ HG^G
HG^GZC
ZCYC
YCTC
TC@
@
C. ^G
^G@I
@IHC
HCKA
KAC@
C@
Mg`u
Mg`uru
rutt Zfbm
Zfbmcb
cb & Ycoa
Ycoad
d (:>3
(:>31)
1) ^g
^g`ih
`ihck
ckac
ac`
` cd
cdco
cocb
cb pr
prfs
fsgs
gs mgoc
mgochuh
huhc`
c`
pgmgrahscc` ctcu pg`ygoadahc` fogb sgfrc`i pgrcwct u`tuh mgmpgockcra hf`dasa
pcsag` sgjcica oc`ihcb cwco yc`i chc` dakcdahc` pg`icmjaoc` hgputusc` hoa`ah
hgpgrcwctc`. Fogb hcrg`c atu pg`ichkac` bcrus daochuhc` dg`ic` tgoata dc` egrmct
sgba`iic
sgba`iic sgourub
sgourub hgjutubc`
hgjutubc` hgpgrcwctc`
hgpgrcwctc` dcpct tgradg`ta
tgradg`talahcs
lahcsa.
a. ^cdc pcsag` DJD
pg`ihckac` mgoaputa ;
3. Jafd
Jafdct
ctcc / Adg`
Adg`ta
tatc
tcss
DJD dcpct
dcpct mg`ygr
mg`ygrc`i
c`i dgwcsc
dgwcsc ctcu
ctcu c`ch-c`
c`ch-c`ch
ch tgr
tgrutc
utcmc
mc c`ch
c`ch jgrumu
jgrumurr ? 37
tcbu`. G`dgmah dadcgrcb Csac trfpah.
:. Hgoub
Hgoubc`
c` Wtcm
Wtcmcc ; ^c`cs
^c`cs / dgm
dgmcm
cm..
5. Za
Zawc
wcyc
yctt ^g`yc
^g`ycha
hatt Ughcr
Ughcrc`
c`i
i

Dgmcm mg`dcdch sgocmc :-9 bcra dc` hgmudac` dgmcm turu` dg`ic` tc`dc-
tc`dc
tc`dc ogmcb,
ogmcb, uku`i-uku
uku`i-uku`i
`i kcra,
kcra, tgoa`i
tgoa`icc dc` badu`i
badu`i tgrcjc
tgrcjc da`ia`
da`ia` dc` ogmjcj.
ogmjcj.
Dgmcm
Dgmcm dasgrt
dasgrtca
ca ogmcb,
ogmcb, `clsu
`clsu mchc`
mchc` jgrhur
jgrhurc`i
c`i,, mu`tcb
mu`tcb,, `ygr
`ygraa pcdc
pcdc c`iift
c`iiftcc
jcdc`, pu`iiu`i, sg`da, hgpcoc dc` pgrut, `ygra uou bcta, hf`stapcsa ctcu dacrg.
4. Za
Zawc
wcyc
yctt ^g`y
^g`ych
chat
at Dcbu
Dcbuou
ou
Cdc hgmu`iha`
hgmu`iha`c`
c` c`ch yc`i tgocb tgrkc`ihcu
tgrkc`ihcu pg`ychat
pg`ychat DBL jasc jgruoc`i
jgruoc`i DBL
ocia, Tgtcpa pg`ychat a`a tadch cdc buju`ic``yc dg`ic` pg`ychat yc`i pgr`cb
dadgratc dcbuou.
7. Za
Zawc
wcyc
yctt ^g`yc
^g`ycha
hatt Hgouc
Hgoucri
ricc
^g`ychat DBL jasc dajcwc fogb `ycmuh kcda kahc dcocm sctu hgoucric cdc yc`i
mg`dgratc pg`ychat a`a hgmu`iha`c` tgrtuocr atu jgscr.
<. Za
Zawc
wcyc
yctt Hgsgb
Hgsgbct
ctc`
c` Hgouc
Hgoucri
ricc
Dcgrcb ctcu tgmpct yc`i sgra`i dakcdahc` tgmpct `ycmuh a`a cdcocb oa`ihu`ic`
yc`i hurc`i pg`ecbcycc` dc` sa`cr mctcbcra, jc`ych ig`c`ic` car, vcs c`d jc`
jghcs.
9. Zawcyct
Zawcyct Tumjub
Tumjub Hgmjc`i
Hgmjc`i C`ch
C`ch ; Ugsuca
Ugsuca dg`ic`
dg`ic` tumjub
tumjub hgmjc`i
hgmjc`i hoag`.
hoag`.
2. CDO

@utrasa ; Dcpct mg`kcda muco, mu`tcb, c`frghsac.

 Chtalatcs ; Ogj
Ogjab jc`ych jgr
jgrdacm da ru
rumcb sgo
sgocmc mus
musam buk
bukc` dcp
dcpct
tgrkcd
tgrkcdaa `ygra
`ygra ftft
ftft dc` sg`da,
sg`da, pgico-p
pgico-pgic
gicoo pcdc sgouru
sgourub
b tujub,
tujub,
mg`uru``yc chtalatcs jgrmca`.
Ast
Astarc
arcbct
bct tadu
tadurr ; Dcpct
Dcpct tgri
tgric`ii
c`iiu
u hcrg`c
hcrg`c pc`c
pc`cs,
s, schat
schat hgpcoc
hgpcoc dc`
dc` `ygra.
`ygra.
Goama`
Goama`csa
csa cova
cova ; Dcpct
Dcpct tgrk
tgrkcda
cda dacrg
dacrg// hf`sta
hf`stapcs
pcsa,
a, mgog
mgog`c.
`c.
^grsf`co byiag` ; p g i c o - p g i c o da s go u r u b j c d c` s gr tc t a dc h
dcpc
dc pctt mg`a`ihcthc` hgtgric`tu`ic` hgjutubc` pgrcwctc` dara.
1. ^g
^gm
mgr
graahscc
hscc`
`
c. Hgcdcc
cc`
` umum
Uubu tujub ta`iia (51,4 ― 43,3 >E), mg`iiaiat bapftg`sa,`cda egpct dc` ogmcb.
j. Huoat
Tcmpch ja`tah mgrcb (pgtghao), bgmctfm, ghamfsat.
e. Hgpcoc

muout hgra`i, pgrdcrcbc` iusa, oadcb hftfr (hcdc`i).

d. Dcdc
@ygra tghc` gpaicstrah, `clcs egpct dc` sgra`i jgrct.
g. Cjdfmg`
^cdc pcopcsa tgrcjc pgmjgscrc` bcta dc` oamlg pcdc hgcdcc` dgbadrcsa turifr
huoat mg`uru`.
l. C`us
C`us dc`
dc` ig`
ig`gt
gtco
coaac
Dcpct tgric`iiu hcrg`c dacrg/ hf`stapcsa.
hf`stapcsa.
i. Ghst
Ghstra
rama
matc
tcss ctcs
ctcs dc`
dc` jcwc
jcwcb
b
Ghstramatcs da`ia`, sac`fsas.
3>. ^gmgrahscc`
^gmgrahscc` ^g`u`kc
^g`u`kc`i
`i
^cdc pgmgrahscc` dcrcb pcsag` DBL chc` da kumpca;
c. Bj dc`
dc` ^E\
^E\ mg`
mg`a`
a`ih
ihct
ct (≧:
(≧:>%
>%).
).
j. Trfmjfsatfpg`ac (≤3>>.>>>/mo).
e. Oguhfpg
Oguhfpg`ac
`ac (mu`ih
(mu`iha`
a` `frmco
`frmco ctcu
ctcu oguhfsa
oguhfsatfs
tfsas)
as)..
d. Ai.D
Ai.D.d
.dg`
g`iug
iug pfsat
pfsatal
al..
g. Bcsao
Bcsao pgmgra
pgmgrahsc
hscc`
c` hamac
hamac dcrcb mg`u`k
mg`u`kuhc
uhc`;
`; bapfprf
bapfprfta`
ta`gma
gmac,
c, bapfho
bapfhofrg
frgmac
mac,,

dc` bapf`ctrgmac.
 l. Wraum
Wraum dc` ^B dcrcb
dcrcb mu`ih
mu`iha`
a` mg`a`i
mg`a`ihct
hct..
i. Csadfs
Csadfsas
as mgtcjf
mgtcjfoah
oah;; pEF ?57-4>
?57-4> mmBi
mmBi BEF rg`dcb.
rg`dcb.
b. UIFT/U
UIFT/UI^T
I^T mgmu`ih
mgmu`iha`h
a`hc`
c` mg`a
mg`a`ihc
`ihct.
t.

J. DACI@F
DACI@FUC
UC HG^GZCY
HG^GZCYCTC
CTC@
@
Daci`fsc hgpgrcwctc` mgrupchc` suctu pg`aocac` hoa`as mg`ig`ca rgspf`s hoag`
tgrbcdcp mcscocb hgsgbctc` ctcu prfsgs hgbadupc` yc`i dacocma`yc jcah jgroc`isu`i
chtuco mcupu` pftg`saco. Daci`fsc hgpgrcwctc` yc`i sgra`i mu`euo pcdc hcsus DJD
mg`urut ^^@A (:>39) sgjcica jgrahut ;
3. Bapgrt
Bapgrtgrm
grmac
ac jgrbuj
jgrbuju`ic
u`ic`
` dg`ic`
dg`ic` prfsgs
prfsgs pg`ycha
pg`ychatt dat
datc`dc
c`dcaa dg`ic`
dg`ic` subu tujub

dactcs `aoca `frmco (D.>35>)

:. Dglasat
Dglasat `utrasa
`utrasa jgrbuju`
jgrbuju`ic`
ic` dg`ic`
dg`ic` pg`uru`c`
pg`uru`c` a`tchg
a`tchg mchc`c`,
mchc`c`, hgtadchmcm
hgtadchmcmpuc`
puc`

mg`icjsfrjsa `utrag` (D>>31)

5. @ygr
@ygraa ch
chut
ut jg
jgrb
rbuj
uju`
u`ic
ic`
` dg
dg`i
`ic`
c` ci
cig`
g` pg
pg`e
`egd
gdgr
grcc ja
jafo
fofi
fias
as (p
(pg`
g`gh
ghc`
c`c`
c` a`
a`tr
trcc

cjdfmg`t) (D.>>99)

4. A`tfogrc`s
A`tfogrc`saa chtavatc
chtavatcss jgrbuju`ic
jgrbuju`ic`
` dg`ic`
dg`ic` hgogmcbc`
hgogmcbc` (D.>>7<)
(D.>>7<)

7. Bapfvfogma
Bapfvfogma jgrbuju`
jgrbuju`ic`
ic` dg`ic`
dg`ic` hgbaoc`
hgbaoc`ic`
ic` ecarc`
ecarc` chtal (D>>:5)

<. Zasahf
Zasahf syfh
syfh jgrbuju`ic
jgrbuju`ic`
` dg`ic`
dg`ic` hgbaoc`ic`
hgbaoc`ic` ecarc`
ecarc` chtal
chtal (D>>51
(D>>51
 E. A@TGZ
@TGZ\G
\G@U
@UAA

UOHA-UAHA
DACI@FUC
@f HG^GZCYCTC@
UOHA UAHA
(UDHA)
3.
3. D.>35> Ugtgocb daochuhc` Fjsgrvcsa
Bapgrt
Bap grtgrm
grmac
ac jgrbuju
jgrbuju`ic`
`ic` a`tgrv
a`tgrvg`s
g`saa hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctcctc`
` 3. adg`talahcsa pg`ygjcj
dg`i
dg`ic`
c` prfs
prfsgs
gs pg pg`y
`ych
chat
at dabcrc
dab crcphc`
phc` tgrmfi
tgrmfiuoc
uocsa
sa bapgrtgrmac
datc`dca dg`ic` subu tujub mgmjcah dg`ic` hratgrac :. mf`a
mf`atf
tfrr sub
subu
u tu
tuju
jubb
dactcs `aoca `frmco. bcsao ; 5. mf`at
mf`atfr
fr wcr`
wcr`cc dc`
dc` subu
subu huoat
huoat
Datc`dca dg`ic` ; - mg`i
mg`iia iaia
iaoo mgmj
mgmjca cah
h
- subu
ubu ttuj
ujub
ub dact
dactcs
cs `a
`aoca - hgk
hgkc`
c`ii mg`u
mg`urru` Tgrcupgtah
`frmco - tc
tcha
hahc
hcrd
rdaa mgmj
mgmjca cah
h 4. of`ii
iiccrhc
hc`
` ctcu ogpcsoc`
- hgkc`i - tch
chap
ap`g
`gcc mgmj
mgmjca cah
h pchcac`
- tchahcrda - subu
subu tuju
tujub b mgmj
mgmjca cahh 7. jg
jgra
rahc
hc`
` eca
ecarc
rc`
` frc
frcoo
- tchap`gc - subu
subu huoa
huoatt mgmj
mgmjca cah
h <. oc
ochu
huhc`
hc` hfm
hfmpr
prgs
gs da`
da`ia
ia`
`

- huoat tg
tgrcsc bc
bc`i
`icct - mgmjcah
tghc`c` dcrcb 9. dg`ic`
sgs
gsuc
ucah
ahc`
c` subu
ubu opcsag`
hgjutubc` a`ihu
`ihu`i
`ic`
c`
- vg
vg`t
`tao
aocs
csaa mgmj
mgmjca
cah
h
Gduhcsa
2. c`
c`ku
kurh
rhc`
c` tar
tarcb
cb jcr
jcra`
a`ii

Hfocjfrcsa
1. hfhfoc
ocjfr
jfrcs
csaa pgmjgr
pgmjgrac
ac`
` ec ecar
arc`
c`
goghtrfoat
3>
3>.. Hfoc
Hfocjf
jfrc
rcsa
sahc
hc`
` pg
pgmj
mjgr grac
ac`
`
c`tapargtah
:. D.>>31 Ugtgocb daochuhc` Fjsgrvcsa
Dglasat `utrasa j.d a`tgrv
a`tgrvg`s
g`saa hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctc ` 3. Adg`ta
ctc` Adg`talahcs
lahcsaa stctus
stctus `utras
`utrasaa
pg`uru`c` a`tchg mchc`c`, dabcrcphc` stctus
dabcrcphc` stctus `utrasa
`utrasa :. Adg`talahcsa cogria dc`
Hgtadch mcmpuc` pcsag` mgmjcah dg`ic` a`tfogrc`sa mchc`c`
mg`icjsfrjsa `utrag`t. hratgrac bcsao ; 5. ad
adg`
g`ta
tallah
ahcs
csaa mchchc`
c`c`
c` yc`i
yc`i
Dajuhtahc` dg`ic` ; - ^frsa mchc`c` yc`i dasuhca
- Jgrct jcdc` mg`uru` dabcjashc` mg`a`ihct 4. Adg
Adg`ta
`talah
lahcsa
csa hgjuru
hgjurubc`
bc` hcofra
hcofra
ma
ma`a
`amc
mcoo 3>% dajc dajcwcwcb b - Dacr
Dacrgg mg`u
mg`uru ru`
` dc` `utrasa
rg`tc`i adgco Hratgrac - Lrghug`sa mchc` 7. Mf`
Mf`atf
atfrr csupc`
csupc` mchc`c`
mchc`c`
- Egpc
pctt hg`ycyc``i sgtgocb mgmjcah <. Mf`
Mf`atf
atfrr jgrct
jgrct jcdc`
jcdc`
mchc` - @cls
@clsuu mchc
mchc` ` mgmj
mgmjca
cah
h
- Hrcm
Hrcm/` /`yg
ygra
ra cj
cjdf
dfmgmg` ` - Jasa
Jasa`i
`i usu
ususs mgmj
mgmjca
cah
h Tgrcpgutah
- @cls
@clsu u mch
mchc`c` mg`u
mg`uru ru` ` 9. Jgrahc` mchc`c` sgecrc
- Ja
Jasa
sa`i
`i us
usus
us bapgr
bapgrch chta
tall mg`crah dc` subu yc`i sgsuca
- Ftft
Ftft pg`i
pg`iu`
u`yc
ycb b oogm
gmcb
cb 2. Jgrah
Jgrahc`
c` mchc`c`
mchc`c` ta`iia
ta`iia hcofra
hcofra
- Ftft
Ftft mg`g
mg`gococ`
` oogm
gmcbcb dc` prftga`
 - Mgmjrc`g muhfsc
puect
Gduhcsa
1. C`kurhc` dagt yc`i
daprfircmhc`

Hfocjfrcsa
3>
3>.. Hfoc
Hfocjf
jfrcrcsa
sa dgdg`i`
`i` cboa
cboa ia
iaza
za
u`tuh mg`gtuhc` kumob
hcofra dc` kg`as `utsasa yc`i
dajutubhc` kahc pgrou.
33. Hfocjf
Hfocjfrcsrcsaa pgmjgr
pgmjgrac`
ac` fjct
fjct
c`tamgtah kahc pgrou
5. D.>>99 Ugtgocb daochuhc` Fjsgrvcsa
@ygra chut jgrbuju`ic` a`tgrv
a`tgrvg`s
g`saa hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctc
ctc`` 3. AdAd`t
`tal
alah
ahcs
csaa ofhcs
ofhcsa,
a,
dg`i
dg`ic`
c` cig`
cig` pg`e
pg`egd
gdgr
grcc dabcrcphc`
dabcr cphc` ta`ihct
ta`ihct `ygra hcrchtgrastah, durcsa,
jafofias (pg`ghc`c` a`trc mg`uru`
mg`ur u` dg`ic` hratgrac
hratgrac lrghug`sa, hucoatcs, a`tg`satcs
cjdfmg`t). Datc`dca bcsao ; `ygra
dg`ic` ; 3. Hgoubc` `yra :. Adg`ta
Adg`talah
lahcsa
csa shcoc
shcoc `ygra
`ygra

3.
:. M
Tcg`ig
g`
Tcmp igo
mpch choub `ygr
`y
mgra
mg gra
ra`iaas
`ias :. mg`uru`
Mgra
Mgra`i
`ias
as mg`u
mg`uru
ru`` 5. Adg`ta
Adg`talah
vgrjco lahcsa
csa rgspf`
rgspf` `ygr
`ygraa `f`
`f`
5. Igoascb 5. Igoa
Igoasc
scb
b mg`u
mg`uru
ru`
` 4. Adg`ta
Adg`talah
lahcsa
csa lchtfr
lchtfr yc`i
4. Lrgh
Lrghug
ug`s`saa `c
`cda
da 4. Hgsuoatc` tadur mgmpgrjgrct dc`
mg`a`ihct mgmjcah mgmpgra`ic` `ygra
7. Uuoat ta
tadu
durr 7. Lrghug`sa `cda
mgmjcah Tgrcupgtah
7. Jgra
Jgrahc`
hc` tg tgh`
h`ah
ah `f
`f``
lcrmchfofia u`tuh
mg`iurc`ia rcsc `ygra
<. Hf`t
Hf`trfrfoo oa`ihu
oa`ihu`i`ic`
c` yc`i
yc`i
mgmpgrjgrct rcsc `ygra
9. Lcsao
Lcsaoatc
atcsa
sa asta
astarcb
rcbct
ct dc`
dc` tadur
tadur

Gduhcsa
2. Kgocsh
Kgocshc`
c` pg`ygjc
pg`ygjcj, j, pgr
pgrafd
afdgg
dc` pgmaeu `ygra
1. Kgocsh
Kgocshc`
c` strc
strctgi
tgiaa mgrg
mgrgdchc
dchc``
`ygra
3>. Ckcrhc`
Ckcrhc` tgh`ah
tgh`ah `f`
lcrmchfofias

4. D.>>7< Ugtgocb daochuhc` Fjsgrvcsa

A`tf
A`tfog
ogrc
rc`s
`saa chchta
tava
vatc
tcss j.d
j.d a`tgrv
a`tgrvg`s
g`saa hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctcctc`
` 3. mf`at
mf`atfr
fr hgogocbc`
hgogocbc` lasah
lasah
tarcb
tarcb jcra`i
jcra`i,, hgogmc
hgogmcbc`,
bc`,.. dabc
dabcrrcphc
cphc` ` tfo
fogr
grc`c`sa
sa :. adg`ta
adg`talahcs
lahcsaa hgmcmpuc`
hgmcmpuc`
Dajuhtahc` dg`ic` ; chtavatcs mg`
g`aa`ih
ihcct jgrpcrtasapcsa dcocm chtavatcs
Mg`igoub ogocb dg`ic` hratgrac bcsao ; tgrtg`tu
 3. Lr
Lrghu
ghug`g`sa
sa kc
kc`t
`tu`
u`ii 3. hgmudcbc` dcocm
mg`a`ihct mgoc
mg ochu
huhc
hc`
` ch
chta
tava
vatc
tcss Tgrcupgtah
:. Uac`fsas sgbcra-bcra mg`a`ihct 5. octa
octabc`
bc` igrch
igrch pcsal
pcsal dc` chtal
chtal
5. Mg`i
Mg`igo goub
ub og
ogoc
ocb
b :. hghuct
hghuctc`c` tujub jciac`
jciac` 4. oajct
oajcthc`
hc` hgoucric
hgoucric dcocm
4. Mgrc
Mgrcscsc tadch
tadch `y
`ycm
cmc`
c` ctcs dc` jcwcb chtavatcs
sgtgocb jgrchtavatcs mg`a`ihct
5. hgoubc` ogocb Hfocjfrcsa
mgmjcah 7. c`kurhc` mgochuhc` chtavatcs
4. dasp
dasp`g
`gu
u scscct
ct ch
chta
tava
vatc
tcss sgecrc jgrtcbcp
mg`uru`
7. Bapfvf
vfoogma j.
j.d hg
hgbaoc`ic
ic`
` Ugtgocb daochuhc` Fjsgvcsa
ecarc` chtal. a`tgrv
a`tgrvg`s
g`saa hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctc ctc`
` 3. ^grahsc tc`dc dc` igkcoc
Dajuhtahc` dg`ic` ; dabcrcphc`
dabcr cphc` stctus
stctus ecarc`
ecarc` bypfvfogmac (massco
3. Lrghug`sa `cda pcsag` mgmjcah dg`ic` lr
lrgh
ghug
ug`s
`saa `c`cda
da mg`a
mg`a`i`ihc
hct,
t,
mg`a`ihct hratgrac bcsao ; `cdaa tgr
`cd tgrcjc
cjc ogmcb,
ogmcb, tghc`c
tghc`c``
:. @cda
@cda tgrc
tgrcjc
jc og
ogmc
mcb
b - Turi
Turifrfr hu
huoa
oatt mgmj
mgmjca cah
h dcrcb mg`uru`, tghc`c` `cda
5. Tghc`c` dcrcb - Lrghug`sa `cda mg`yg
g`ygmmpa
patt, tur
urif
ifrr huo
huoat
mg`uru` mgmjcah mg`uru`, mgmjrc`g muhfsc
4. Tghc`c` `cda - Tghc`c` dcrcb hgra`i, vfoumg ura`

7. mg`ygmpat
Turi
Turifr
fr hu
huoa
oatt mg`ur
mg`uru`
u` - mgmjcah
Mgmjrc`g muhfsc :. Mmg`uru`,bcus,ogmcb).
f`atfr a`tch
chgg dc` fut utp
put
<. Mgmjrc` muhfsc mgmjcah ecarc`
hgra`i - A`tc
A`tchg
hg ec
ecar
arc`
c` mgmj
mgmjca
cah
h
9. \fou
\foumg
mg ura
ura` ` mg`
mg`ur
uru`
u` - Futput ura`g Tgrcpgutah
2. Bgmc
Bgmctftfhr
hrat
at mg`a
mg`a`i
`ihct
hct mg`a`ihct 5. Ba
Batu
tu`i
`i hgjut
hgjutubc
ubc` ` ecarc
ecarc`
`
4. Jgra
Jgrahc`
hc` csu
csupc
pc`
` ecarc
ecarc`
` frco
frco

Gduhcsa
7. C`kurhc` mgmpgrjc`ych
csupc` ecarc` frco
<. C`ku
C`kurh
rhc`
c` mg`i
mg`iba
badc
dcra
ra pf
pfsa
sasa
sa
mg`dcdch

Hfocjfrcsa
9. Hf
Hfoc
ocjf
jfrcrcsa
sa pgmj
pgmjgrgracac`` ec
ecararc`
c`
asftf`as (@ceo.ZO)
2. Hf
Hfoc
ocjf
jfrcrcsa
sa pg
pgmjmjgrgrac
ac`
` a`a`lu
luss
ecarc`
ecarc` hrastcofa
hrastcofad d :> mo/hi jj
u`tuh c`ch
<. (D.>>51) Ugtgocb daochuhc` Fjsgrvcsa
Zgsahf
Zgsa hf Uyfh jgrbuju`ic` a`tgrv
a`tgrvg`s
g`saa hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctc
ctc`
`
dg`ic` hgbaoc`ic` vfoumg dabdabcrc
crcphc`
phc` ta`ihc syfh 3. Mf`atfr
ta`ihctt syfh stctus
ecarc`, dajuhtahc` dg`ic` ; pcsag` mg`uru` dg`ic` hcrdafpuomf`co
- Bapftg`sa hratgrac bcsao ; :. Mf
Mf`a`atf
tfrr lrgh
lrghug`
ug`sa
sa `cl
`clcs
cs
- Hghurc`ic` vfoumg - Hghuctc` `cda 5. Mf
Mf`a`atf
tfrr stctu
stctuss fhsai
fhsaig` g`cs
csaa
ecarc` mg`a`ihct 4. Mf
Mf`a`atf
tfrr stc
stctu
tuss eca
ecarc
rc``
 - Futput ura`g 7. Mf
Mf`a
`atf
tfrr ta`ih
ta`ihct
ct hgsd
hgsdcr
crc`
c` dc`
dc`
mg`a`ihct rgspf` pupao
- Lrghug`sa `clcs <. Mf`a
f`atf
tfrr kumo
umocb,w
cb,wcr
cr`c
`c,d
,dc`
c`
mgmjcah jgrct kg`as ura`g
- Ta`ihct hgscdcrc`
mg`a`ihct Tgrcpgutah
- Tghc`c` dcrcb
sastfoah,dacstfoae 9. Jgrahc` fhsaig` u`tuh
mgmjcah mgmp
mg mpgr
grtc
tcbc
bc`h
`hc`
c` sc
sctu
turc
rcsa
sa
fhsaig` 014%
2. ^csc`i
^csc`i kco
kcour
ur A\, kahc
kahc pgrou
pgrou

Gduhcsa

1. KgKgoc
ocsh
shc`
c` tuku
tukuc`
c` dc`
dc` prfsg
prfsgdu
durr
pgmc`tcuc`
3>
3>.. Kg
Kgoc
ocsh
shc`
c` pg
pg`y
`ygj
gjcj
cj/l
/lce
cetf
tfrr
rasahf syfh
33.
33. C`k`kur
urhc
hc`
` mgm
mgmpgr
pgrjc`y
jc`ych
ch
csupc` ecarc` frco

Hfocjfrcsa

3:
3:.. Hfoc
Hfocjf
jfrc
rcsa
sa pg
pgmj
mjgr
grac
ac`
` A\
A\,,
kahc pgrou

D. AM^O
AM^OGM
GMG@
G@TC
TCUA
UA
Ampogm
Ampogmg`t
g`tcsa
csa Hgpgrc
Hgpgrcwct
wctc`
c` cdcocb
cdcocb pgochs
pgochsc`c
c`cc`
c` rg`ec`
rg`ec`cc hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctc
ctc`
` yc`i
yc`i

daochuhc` sgecrc mc`dara mcupu` dg`ic` hfocjfrcsa dg`ic` muotadasapoa` yc`i oca`.
^grcwct jgrtc`iiu`i kcwcj tgrbcdcp csubc` hgpgrcwctc` yc`i jgrlfhus pcdc pcsag`
dc` jgrfrag`tcsa pcdc tukuc` dc` bcsao yc`i dapgrharchc` dcra csubc` hgpgrcwctc`
damc`c
damc`c ta`dch
ta`dchc`
c` daochu
daochuhc`
hc` dc` dasgog
dasgogsca
scahc`
hc`,, sgjcic
sgjcicamc
amc`c
`c da icmjcr
icmjcrhc`
hc` dcocm
dcocm
rg`ec`c yc`i sudcb dajuct (^ctrasac gt co., :>:>)

G. G\COWCUA
Gvcouc
Gvcoucsa
sa mgrupc
mgrupchc`
hc` oc`ihcb
oc`ihcb tgrchba
tgrchbarr dcra
dcra prfsgs
prfsgs hgpgrcw
hgpgrcwctc
ctc`
` dg`ic`
dg`ic` ecrc
ecrc
mgmj
mgmjc`
c`da
da`i
`ihc`
hc` ta`d
ta`dchc
chc`
` hg
hgpg
pgrc
rcwc
wctc
tc`
` yc`i
yc`i da
daoc
ochu
huhc
hc`
` tg
tgrb
rbcdc
cdcp
p bc
bcsa
saoo yc
yc`i
`i
dabcrcphc`. Gvcoucsa kuic daochuhc` u`tuh mg`iadg`talahcsa sgkcub
sgkcub mc`c tukuc` dcra
dcra
rg`ec`
rg`ec`cc hgpgrc
hgpgrcwct
wctc`
c` tgrecpc
tgrecpcaa ctcu
ctcu tadch.
tadch. Dcocm
Dcocm mgochuh
mgochuhc`
c` gvcoucs
gvcoucsa,
a, pgrcwc
pgrcwctt
sgbcrus`yc mgmaoaha pg`igtcbuc` dc` hgmcmpuc` dcocm mgmcbcma rgspf` tgrbcdcp
a`tgrvg`sa
a`tgrvg`sa hgpgrcwctc`,
hgpgrcwctc`, hgmcmpuc`
hgmcmpuc` mg`iicmjcrh
mg`iicmjcrhc`
c` hgsampuoc`
hgsampuoc` tg`tc`i
tg`tc`i tukuc`
tukuc`
yc`i a`ia` daecpca sgrtc hgmcmpuc` dcocm mg`ibuju`ihc` ta`dchc` hgpgrcwctc`
dcocm hratgrac bcsao (^ctrasac gt co., :>:>).
 ^CTBYCQ

Iaiatc` `ycmuh
Cgdgs Cgiypta

Mcsuh`yc varus
dg`iug hg tujub

Hf`tch dg`ic`
c`tajfda

\arus jgrgchsa
dg`ic` c`tajfdy

Mg`stamuocsa Chtavcsa E5 ^gogpcsc` ^grpa`dcbc`

mchrflci dc` dc` E7 bastcma`g dc` ecarc`
`gutrflao prfstico`da` ghstrcvcshuogr

Mg`aihcthc` ^g`a`ihctc` Bgpctfmsogmgicoa Jgrahctc` hgogmcbc`

prfstcioc`da` dc` pgrmgcjaoatcs dg`ic`
`gurftrc`smatgr da`da`i rsparctfr `ygra
pgmjuoub dcrcb Mg`dgsch Mgtcjfoasm
ocmju`i mg`uru`
^g`a`ihctc` subu Ampous `ygra
tujub Hgjfefrc` mcsuh hg
^ocsmc hg BEO mg`a`ihct bapftcocmus Tarcb Jcra`i
ghstrcvcshuogr
Bapgrtgrma
Muco mu`tcb @ygra Chut A`tfogrc`sa
D. >35> Zgsahf Uyfh Chtavatcs
D.>>99
D.>>51 C`frghsac D.>>7<

Bapfvfogmac Dglasat @utrasa

D.>>:5 D.>>31
 DCLTCZ ^WUTCHC
Cma`
Cma` Budc
Budc @urcra
@urcrall & Husumc
Husumc,, Bcrdba
Bcrdba.. :>37.
:>37. C^OAHCUA Csubc` Hgpgrcwctc` Jgrdcscrhc`
Daci`fsc Mgdas & @C@DC @AE-@FE (Gdasa Zgvasa)
Zgvasa).. MgdaCetaf`.
Bcrmcwc`. :>32. Dg`iug Bgmfrrbciae Lgvgr. Kchcrtc.
Murwc`a. :>32. ^ctflasafofia Dg`iug Bgmfrrbciae Lgvgr. Kchcrtc

^ctrasac, A., Kubdgoag`c, K., Hcrtahc, O., ^chpcbc`, M., Uargicr, D., Jac`tfrf, J., Butcpgc, C.
D.,H
D.,Hbu
bus`
s`ay
aycb
cb,, [.,
[., & Uabf
Uabfmj
mja`
a`i,
i, Z. M. (:>:
(:>:>)
>).. Csubc` Hgpgrcwctc` Dcscr ^cdc
Hgjutubc` Mc`usac (Gdasa 3). Qcycsc` Hatc Mg`uoas. (dachgs
(dachgs tc`iico 37 ku`a :>:3, kcm
37.>>)

Zfbmcb, @., & Ycoad, U. (:>31). ^rfsgs Hgpgrcwctc` Jgrjcsas HH@A (Hgrc`ihc Hucoalahcsa
@csaf`co A`df`gsac) (Gdasa A). CZ-ZW[[ Mgdac.

Tam ^fhkc UDHA D^^ ^^@A. (:>39). Utc`dcr Daci`fsc Hgpgrcwctc` A`df`gsac.Kchcrtc Ugoctc`.

Tam ^fhkc UAHA D^^ ^^@A. (:>32). Utc`dcr A`tgrvg`sa Hgpgrcwctc` A`df`gsac. Kchcrtc Ugoctc`.

Tam ^fhkc UOHA D^^ ^^@A. (:>31). Utc`dcr Oucrc` Hgpgrcwctc` A`df`gsac.Kchcrtc Ugoctc`

YBF. :>3<. ^rgvg`taf` c`d Ef`trfo fl Dg`iug c`d Dg`iug Bcgmfrrbciae Lgvgr