10

English
Quarter 4 – Module 3:
Giving Expanded
Definitions of Words

CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
English – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 3: Giving Expanded Definitions of Words
First Edition, 2020

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 10

English
Quarter 4 – Module 3:
Giving Expanded
Definitions of Words
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each
SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, notes to the Teacher are also
provided and to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Do
not forget to read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
 What I Know

This is the pre-assessment section given to check your prior knowledge about the
topic to be discussed in this module. Please do not write anything on the pages of
this module. Use a clean sheet of paper for your answers.

A. Direction: Read each text and identify if it is an example of an expanded

definition or not. Write YES if it is an example of an expanded definition, and NO if
not. Please write your answers on a clean sheet of paper.

1. An electronic design engineer is an electrical engineer or electronic and

communication engineer who designs electronic circuits and systems. The
design may be original, a development, or modification of existing ones.
Applications are biomedical, communications, industrial control, analytical
instruments, image processing, consumer electronics, and automation. By
discipline, they are digital, analog, micro-processor based or very large-scale
integrated circuits (VLSIC) (Gonzales, et al., 2017).

2. Formal language is the language used when writing for professional or

academic purposes like university assignments (uts.edu.au, n.d.).

3. Speed is a concept that marks our day. Sluggishness is out. Speed is

demanded by industry which is constantly on the look–out for new
inventions. Sluggishness is penalized, especially in industries where
compensation depend upon output. Speed is the attractive come-on for
short- term courses in cooking, computerizing, sewing, diving, learning a
new language, and others. The slower long-term courses are not so
appealing. Instant coffee is usually preferred to coffee that needs to be
boiled. Yes, speed is the word of the day (Gorgon, et al., 2010).

4. COVID-19 is a potentially severe, primarily respiratory illness caused by a

coronavirus and characterized by fever, coughing, and shortness of breath
(dictionary.com, 2021).

5. Pandemic is an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic

area (such as multiple countries or continents) and typically affects a
significant proportion of the population: a pandemic outbreak of a disease
(Merriam-Webster, 2021).

1 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
B. Direction: Arrange chronologically the sentences to form a definition
paragraph. Use letters A, B, C, D, and E. Write letter A for the first sentence and
the other letters for the succeeding sentences.

1. Formal definitions generally include three elements: (1) a term, (2)

class; and (3) differentiating features, or the word or phrase that makes
it different with the others from the same class.
2. Meanwhile, informal definitions express the meaning of a term partially
or incompletely.
3. A definition can be formal or informal.
4. The definitions provided in dictionaries are examples of formal
definition.
5. They are frequently based on the writers’ experience so that they are
not universal.

What’s In

Activity 1: Define the Word

Using a dictionary, look for the definition of the word “crystal”. How is the
word defined? Are you satisfied with the definition that you have read? Do you think
you can add more to the definition? Yes, you can by giving the expanded definition of
the word. Look at the expanded definition of crystals below and compare with the
definition that you got from the dictionary.

A crystal is any solid material in which the component atoms are arranged in a
definite pattern and whose surface regularity reflects its internal symmetry. In a
crystal, all of the atoms (or ions) are arranged in a regular grid pattern. For example,
in the case of table salt (NaCl), the crystals are made up of cubes of sodium (Na) ions
and chlorine (Cl) ions. Each sodium ion is surrounded by six chlorine ions. Each
chlorine ion is surrounded by six sodium ions. It's very repetitive, which is exactly
what makes it a crystal (Amsen, 2019 and Mahan, 2021).

Does the expanded definition give you a better idea on what crystals are?

In this lesson, you will learn to give expanded definitions of words that can
help you present concepts into complete and clear manner.

2 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 What’s New

Activity 2: Map the Word

Here is a different presentation of the definition of the word “crystal”.

Study the model map on crystals and answer the questions that follow.

The Model Map on Crystals

Definition: Characteristics:
A solid made of glassy
atoms in an clear colored
ordered pattern brightly colored
evenly shaped
patterned glimmers
sparkle

CRYSTAL

Example: Non-example:

metals rocks coal pepper

snowflakes lava
salt
sugar

Source: Essential English 10 by Gonzales, et al.

1. What is the term being defined?

2. What aspects of the definition were considered in the graphic organizer?

3. Was the graphic organizer helpful to you? In what way?

3 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 What is It

Expanded definition is used to define technical terms with a very detailed

explanation, sometimes, with the use of examples and visuals. Expanded
definitions are usually found in academic texts (Gonzales, et al., 2017).

Here are ways on how to expand a definition into a paragraph:

1. Expanding by Giving an Example

Speed is a concept that marks our time. Everybody is in a hurry to

go somewhere. Industry is constantly demanding new inventions that will speed
up production so that the constant cry of the bosses to the workmen is speed it
up! The maker of automobiles boasts of the newest type of a car which is faster
than the old model. Shoppers push and shove each other all about the counters.
All are in a hurry to get something. People who are going to school, shop, or
office rush breathlessly to do important tasks, they gulp their food and swallow it
in haste. Restless “hunters of fun” crowd into places of entertainment. Most of
these people cannot sit still. At a movie, they tap their feet or finger in
impatience. Yes, speed is the word of the day (Gorgon, et al., 2010).

By studying the paragraph above, can you identify the word being
defined? Can you also give examples that were stated to expand the
definition of speed being “a concept the marks our time”?

2. Expanding by Comparing and Contrasting

Speed is a concept that marks our day. Sluggishness is out. Speed is

demanded by industry which is constantly on look-out for new inventions.
Sluggishness is penalized, especially in industries where compensation depends
upon output. Speed is the attractive come-on for short-term courses in cooking,
computerizing, sewing, diving, learning a new language, and others. The slower
long-term courses are not so appealing. Instant coffee is usually preferred to
coffee that needs to be boiled. Yes, speed is the word of the day (Gorgon, et al.,
2010).

Looking at the given example, identify which is speed compared to in the

given definition. How is speed different from sluggishness?

3. Expanding by Describing a Process

The process of speeding up in a vehicle begins with the setting of the

gear level to the first gear. This moves the vehicle from a stationary to a slow
speed of about less than ten kilometers per hour (kph). Gradually you shift the
gear to the next, pressing the accelerator pedal at the same time to attain a
speed between 10-30 kph. You pick up more speed by shifting gears to the next
higher levels at speed beyond 30 kph. To do this, however along with the shift or

4 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
fourth gear, ever-increasing pressure must be exerted on the accelerator. The
only time

5 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 you lift your foot from the accelerator is when you shift gears, so that you can
step on the clutch pedal simultaneously with the shifting. After releasing the
clutch pedal, you immediately step on the accelerator pedal while picking up
speed. Maximum speed is attained once you shift to the fourth, or in the case of
some vehicles, the fifth gear, at which you travel at speeds of 80 kph or above
(Gorgon, et al., 2010).

Is the definition about speed? Were the parts of the process presented
from beginning to end?

What’s More

Activity 3: My Definition

Study the definition below and answer the questions that follow.

For me, the word love means trust, friendship, and unselfishness. First of
all, love means trust because when you trust someone, you can talk to him/her
about anything. For example, I trust my girlfriend 100%. It is because I trust her
that I know I can tell her anything, and that is why I love her. Furthermore, I
believe that love means friendship because the people who you spend time with
are your friends, and if you do not love them, then why would you hang out with
them? To illustrate, I love my two best friends because they are like brothers to
me. We are always laughing and protecting each other. Finally, love means
unselfishness because when you love someone and they love you back, there
should always be sharing. For instance, my next-door neighbor’s wife never
shares anything with her husband, such as food, drinks, possessions, etc. I sure
do not see a whole lot of love there. For me, love means the above three things
(Pardede, 2011).

1. What is the word being defined?

2. How was the definition being expanded?

3. If you were to expand further the definition, what are you going to add?

6 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
Activity 4: Understand the Word

Here is a definition taken from an academic text. Study how the word is
being defined and answer the questions asked.

An electronic design engineer is an electrical engineer or electronic

and communication engineer who designs electronic circuits and systems. The
design may be original, a development, or modification of existing ones.
Applications are biomedical, communications, industrial control, analytical
instruments, image processing, consumer electronics, and automation. By
discipline, they are digital, analog, micro-processor based or very large-scale
integrated circuits (VLSIC) (Gonzales, et al., 2017).

1. What is the term being defined?

2. Does the writer include a formal definition in the paragraph?

3. How did the writer expand the definition of the term being defined?
Support your answer.

4. Give your own example of an expanded definition of the term.

What I Have Learned

Activity 5: Define the Word

You write a one-paragraph essay with 5-10 sentences to define the word
“family”. You use any of the given ways on how to expand a definition into a
paragraph. 20 points.

7 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 RUBRIC IN EXPANDING DEFINITION OF WORDS (20 POINTS)
5 4 3 2
Details are
Many
placed in a
details are
logical Some details
not in a
order and are not in a
Details are placed in logical or
the way logical or
a logical order, but expected
they are expected
the way in which order.
presented order, and
they are There is
effectively this distracts
presented/introduce little sense
keeps the the reader.
d sometimes makes that the
Sequencing interest of Some
the writing less writing is
the reader. transitions
interesting. organized.
A variety work well;
Transitions clearly The
of but
show how ideas are transitions
thoughtful connections
connected, but there between
transitions between
is little variety. ideas are
are used. other ideas
unclear or
They clearly are fuzzy.
nonexisten
show how
t
ideas are
connected.
Supporting Supporting
Relevant,
details and details and
telling,
Supporting details information informatio
quality
and information are are relevant, n are
Support for details give
relevant, but one key but several typically
Topic the reader
issue or portion is key issues or unclear or
important
unsupported. portions are not related
information
unsupported to the
.
. topic.
Clear and
An
well-defined An expanded
expanded
expanded An expanded definition is
definition
definition; definition has been created. The
is
Definition does an created; does a good author
attempted;
exemplary job of supporting attempts to
little
job of thesis. support a
support for
supporting thesis.
thesis.
thesis.
Writer
Writer
Writer makes 3 or
makes no
Writer makes one makes two more
error that
error that distracts errors that errors that
Conventions distracts
the reader from the distract the distract
the reader
content. reader from the reader
from the
the content. from the
content.
content.

8 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 What I Can Do

Read and understand the following article about “Research” then do the given
activities.

Research

Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of

knowledge". It involves the collection, organization, and analysis of information to
increase understanding of a topic or issue. A research project may be an expansion
on past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or
experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a
whole.

Research has been defined in a number of different ways, and while there are
similarities, there does not appear to be a single, all-encompassing definition that is
embraced by all who engage in it.

One definition of research is used by the OECD, "Any creative systematic

activity undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including
knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this knowledge to devise new
applications."

Another definition of research is given by John W. Creswell, who states that

"research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase
our understanding of a topic or issue". It consists of three steps: pose a question,
collect data to answer the question, and present an answer to the question.

The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines research in more details as

"studious inquiry or examination; especially investigation or experimentation aimed
at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in
the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws".

Forms of Research

Scientific research is a systematic way of gathering data and

harnessing curiosity. This research provides scientific information and theories for
the explanation of the nature and the properties of the world. It makes practical
applications possible. Scientific research is funded by public authorities, by
charitable organizations and by private groups, including many companies.
Scientific research can be subdivided into different classifications according to their
academic and application disciplines.

Artistic research, also seen as 'practice-based research', can take form when
creative works are considered both the research and the object of research itself. It is

9 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
the debatable body of thought which offers an alternative to purely scientific methods
in research in its search for knowledge and truth.

10 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 Historical research. The historical method comprises the techniques and
guidelines by which historians use historical sources and other evidence to research
and then to write history. There are various history guidelines that are commonly
used by historians in their work, under the headings of external criticism, internal
criticism, and synthesis. This includes lower criticism and sensual criticism. Though
items may vary depending on the subject matter and researcher, the following
concepts are part of most formal historical research: Identification of origin date;
Evidence of localization; Recognition of authorship; Analysis of data; Identification
of integrity; and Attribution of credibility.

Documentary research is the use of outside sources, documents, to support the

viewpoint or argument of an academic work. The process of
documentary research often involves some or all of conceptualizing, using and
assessing documents. The analysis of the documents in documentary research
would be either quantitative or qualitative analysis (or both). The key issues
surrounding types of documents and our ability to use them as reliable sources of
evidence on the social world must be considered by all who use documents in their
research.

Steps in conducting research

Research is often conducted using the hourglass model structure of research. The
hourglass model starts with a broad spectrum for research, focusing in on the
required information through the method of the project (like the neck of the
hourglass), then expands the research in the form of discussion and results. The
major steps in conducting research are:
 Identification of research problem
 Literature review
 Specifying the purpose of research
 Determining specific research questions
 Specification of a conceptual framework, sometimes including a set of
hypotheses
 Choice of a methodology (for data collection)
 Data collection
 Verifying data
 Analyzing and interpreting the data
 Reporting and evaluating research
 Communicating the research findings and, possibly, recommendations
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research

Activity 6: Define and Expand

Using the article as your reference and the rubric in expanding definition of
words as your guide, write a paragraph expanding the definition of research with 100
words only. You use any of the strategies in expanding definitions into paragraph.

11 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 Assessment

A. Direction: Read each text and identify if it is an example of an expanded

definition or not. Write YES if it is an example of an expanded definition, and NO
if not. Please write your answers on a clean sheet of paper.

1. An electronic design engineer is an electrical engineer or electronic and

communication engineer who designs electronic circuits and systems. The
design may be original, a development, or modification of existing ones.
Applications are biomedical, communications, industrial control, analytical
instruments, image processing, consumer electronics, and automation. By
discipline, they are digital, analog, micro-processor based or very large-
scale integrated circuits (VLSIC) (Gonzales, et al., 2017).

2. Formal language is the language used when writing for professional or

academic purposes like university assignments (uts.edu.au, n.d.).

3. Speed is a concept that marks our day. Sluggishness is out. Speed is

demanded by industry which is constantly on the look–out for new
inventions. Sluggishness is penalized, especially in industries where
compensation depend upon output. Speed is the attractive come-on for
short- term courses in cooking, computerizing, sewing, diving, learning a
new language, and others. The slower long-term courses are not so
appealing. Instant coffee is usually preferred to coffee that needs to be
boiled. Yes, speed is the word of the day (Gorgon, et al., 2010).

4. COVID-19 is a potentially severe, primarily respiratory illness caused by a

coronavirus and characterized by fever, coughing, and shortness of breath
(dictionary.com, 2021).

5. Pandemic is an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic

area (such as multiple countries or continents) and typically affects a
significant proportion of the population: a pandemic outbreak of a disease
(Merriam-Webster, 2021).

B. Direction: Arrange chronologically the sentences to form a definition

paragraph. Use letters A, B, C, D, and E. Write letter A for the first sentence and
the other letters for the succeeding sentences.

1. Formal definitions generally include three elements: (1) a term, (2) class;
and (3) differentiating features, or the word or phrase that makes it
different with the others from the same class.
2. Meanwhile, informal definitions express the meaning of a term partially
or incompletely.
3. A definition can be formal or informal.
4. The definitions provided in dictionaries are examples of formal
definition.
5. They are frequently based on the writers’ experience so that they are
not universal.

12 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
 Additional Activities

Using any reference materials, give an expanded definition of the term

“POLLUTION”. Your paragraph shall be limited to 100 words. Be guided by the
rubric in expanding definition of words and do not forget to cite your source/s.

A. Prewriting. To help you organize your ideas into a paragraph, you complete the
graphic organizer below:

B. Writing a definition paragraph. You write now your ideas into a paragraph.

13 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
Answer Key

14 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
References

Amsen, E. “What is a Crystal?” Let’s Talk Science (2019):

https://letstalkscience.ca/educational-resources/stem-in-context/what-
a-crystal.

Mahan, Gerald D. “Crystal.” Britannica (2021):

https://www.britannica.com/science/crystal.

Dictionary.com. “COVID-19.” Accessed February 11, 2021.

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/covid-19.

Frontiercsd.org. “Extended Definition Essay Rubric.” Accessed February 14,

2021.
https://www.frontiercsd.org/cms/lib/NY19000265/Centricity/Domain/7
0/Extended%20Definition%20Essay%20Rubric.pdf.

Gonzales, C. T. et al. Essential English 10 Worktext in Literature and Language.

Manila: Rex Bookstore, 2017.

Gorgon, E. R. et al. English Expressways IV. Quezon City: Book Media Press,
Inc./Printwell Inc., 2010.

Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. “Pandemic.” Accessed February 14,

2021. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pandemic.

Pardede, P. “Paragraphs of Definition.” Paragraph Writing (2011):

https://myreadwritebooster.wordpress.com/writing-3/2-paragraph-
writing/12-paragraphs-of-definition/.

Steve Vincent's Web Site. “ITS 311: IT Communications.” Accessed February 14,
2021. https://stevevincent.info/ITS311_7.htm.

UTS. “Formal and Informal Language.” Accessed February 13, 2021.

https://www.uts.edu.au/current-students/support/helps/self-help-
resources/grammar/formal-and-informal- language#:~:text=Formal
%20language%20is%20less%20personal,is%20m ore%20casual%20and
%20spontaneous.

Wikipedia. “Research.” Accessed February 13, 2021.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research.

15 CO_Q4_ENGLISH10_MODULE3
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