Trigonometry

Quarter 2
Mrs. Allyn R. Mendez
Mathematics Teacher
Quezon City Science High School
 Periodic
Properties of
Trigonometric
Functions
Objectives:

1. Define a periodic function

2. Identify the periodic properties of
trigonometric functions
3. Use periodic properties to find the
exact values of the trigonometric
functions
Look at the figure below:

What are the coordinates of

point P for the angle
𝜋
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠?
3

What are the coordinates of

𝜋
point P for the angle +
3
2𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠?
 𝜋
The figure shows that for an angle of
3
radians the corresponding point P on the
1 3
unit circle is ( , ) . Notice that for an
2 2
𝜋
angle of + 2𝜋 radians the corresponding
3
1 3
point P on the unit circle is also ( , ). As
2 2
a result,
𝜋 3 𝜋 3
𝑠𝑖𝑛 = sin( + 2𝜋) =
3 2 3 2
𝜋 1 𝜋 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠 = cos( + 2𝜋) =
3 2 3 2
For a given angle 𝜃, measured in radians, suppose that
we know the corresponding point 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦)on the unit
circle. Now add 2𝜋 to 𝜃 . The point on the unit circle
corresponding to 𝜃 + 2𝜋 is identical to the point P on
the unit circle corresponding to 𝜃.The values of the
trigonometric functions of 𝜃 + 2𝜋 are equal to the
values of the corresponding trigonometric functions of
𝜃.
If we add (or subtract) integer multiples of 2𝜋 to 𝜃, the
values of the sine and cosine function remain
unchanged. That is, for all 𝜃
What is a periodic function?
The sine and cosine functions are periodic. In fact, the
sine, cosine, secant, and cosecant functions have
period 2𝜋 The tangent and cotangent functions are
periodic with period 𝜋.
Because the sine, cosine, secant, and cosecant functions have
period 2𝜋, once we know their values for 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋 , we
know all their values; similarly, since the tangent and cotangent
functions have period 𝜋, once we know their values for 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤
𝜋, we know all their values.
Example:

Find the exact value of sin 420𝑜 .

sin 420𝑜 = sin 60𝑜 + 360𝑜

= sin(60𝑜 )
3
=
2
Example:

5𝜋
Find the exact value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛
4

5𝜋 𝜋
𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛( + 𝜋)
4 4
𝜋
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛
4
=1
Example:

11𝜋
Find the exact value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠
4

11𝜋 3𝜋 8𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠( + )
4 4 4
3𝜋
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 2𝜋
4
3𝜋
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠
4
2
=−
2
Thank you!