Limitation and definition

Definition of Terms

Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL): This term refers to individuals who have been deprived of
their liberty, typically due to being incarcerated or detained in a prison, jail, or other correctional
facility.

LGBTQIA: An acronym that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other
identities. The "+" signifies inclusivity of other identities within the community.

Issues: These are specific challenges or problems faced by LGBTQIA PDL while incarcerated
or detained. These may include discrimination, violence, lack of access to healthcare, and
difficulties related to gender identity or sexual orientation.

Concerns: These are broader issues or worries related to the well-being and rights of LGBTQIA
PDL in prison. Concerns may include the lack of legal protections, access to support networks,
and challenges with reintegration into society after release.

Discrimination: Unfair treatment or prejudice against individuals based on their LGBTQIA

identity. Discrimination can manifest in various forms, including verbal abuse, physical violence,
or denial of rights and services.

Violence: It refers to a physical, sexual, or emotional harm inflicted on LGBTQIA PDL. This
violence can be perpetrated by other inmates, prison staff, or external parties and can have severe
consequences for the victim's physical and mental health.
Access to Healthcare: It refers to the ability of LGBTQIA PDL to receive appropriate medical
care while incarcerated. This includes access to gender-affirming healthcare for transgender
individuals and treatment for HIV/AIDS and other health conditions.

Gender Identity: It refers to a person's deeply held sense of their gender, which may be
different from the sex assigned to them at birth. LGBTQIA PDL who are transgender may face
challenges related to their gender identity while in prison.

Sexual Orientation: It refers to a person's romantic or sexual attraction to others. LGBTQIA

PDL may face discrimination or harassment based on their sexual orientation while incarcerated.

Stigma: It refers to a negative attitude or beliefs held by society towards LGBTQIA individuals.
Stigma can contribute to the marginalization and isolation of LGBTQIA PDL in prison.

Limitation of the Study

Compared to lesbians, gay men, and bisexual men and women, transgender individuals are
characterized by their gender identity and presentation. In addition to people who do not adhere
to or reject traditional cultural conceptualizations of gender in terms of the male-female
dichotomy, this group also includes people whose gender identity is not the same as the sex that
was originally assigned to them at birth, or whose gender expression is not typical or
traditionally associated with that sex. They may also be male born but later identify as female, or
female born but later identify as male. Diverse differences exist in transgender individuals'
sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression.

The committee feels that these different groups are primarily comparable because of their
historically low social status relative to the purely heterosexual cultural norm of upholding
gender norms and expectations. As a result of their members' defiance of heterosexuality and
gender norms, these groups are all viewed as "other," which lays the groundwork for stigma,
discrimination, and violence. Several health disparities discussed in this report are also a result of
society's general disregard for these groups' health needs. This article describes the stigma that
exists today toward sexual and gender minorities. Medical personnel and researchers face several
challenges while dealing with prisoners. Understanding the age group to which a person belongs
is crucial to understanding the background of their life. The youth of today will experience many
changes in their lifetimes that lesbian and gay men of the past could not have predicted,
including same-sex marriage, openly gay politicians, business executives, and educators, and a
shifting popular and artistic culture that features many positive representations of lesbian and gay
characters in plays, movies, television series, and literature.

The first topic discussed in this chapter is the evolution of gender identity and sexual orientation
among LGBTQIA inmates. The chapter next reviews the research on the physical and mental
health of these young people. The three subjects of danger, protection, and health care are then
covered one after the other. Subsequently, the chapter examines environmental influences,
including demographic features and family dynamics. The chapter begins with a summary of the
most significant findings and research directions for the future. Because there is a dearth of
information regarding the understanding, attitudes, and experiences of younger children and pre-
adolescents regarding being LGBTQIA, the chapter noticeably focuses more emphasis on
adolescence than childhood.

REFERENCES

“Childhood/Adolescence.” The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People -

NCBI Bookshelf, 2011, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64808.

Bockting WO, Robinson BE, Rosser BR. Transgender HIV prevention: A qualitative needs
assessment. AIDS Care. 1998;10(4):505–525.
HHS (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). Healthy people 2010: Understanding
and improving health. Washington, DC: HHS; 2000.