i.

Calculate the observed heterozygosity (Hobs) and expected heterozygosity (Hexp) four
the four populations.
Solutions

Bunda

RS 12
(Hobs) ¿ ,¿
N 86

= 0.12

(Hexp) = 2pq

First, we need to find the allele frequencies p and q in this case our R is p and S is q
2(RR)+ RS 2 ( 4 ) +12
p= ,=
2(N ) 2(86)
20
p= , = 0.12
172
q = 1-p
q = 1-0.12 = 0.88
Therefore: Hexp = 2pq
= 2(0.12)(0.88)
= 0.21

Makoka

RS 25
(Hobs) ¿ ,¿
N 128

= 0.20

(Hexp) = 2pq

First, we need to find the allele frequencies p and q in this case our R is p and S is q
2(RR)+ RS 2 ( 6 ) +25
p= ,=
2(N ) 2(128)
37
p= , = 0.14
256
q = 1-p
q = 1-0.14 = 0.86
Therefore: Hexp = 2pq
 = 2(0.14)(0.86)

=0.24

Chitedze

RS 174
(Hobs) ¿ ,¿
N 307

= 0.57

(Hexp) = 2pq

First, we need to find the allele frequencies p and q in this case our R is p and S is q
2(RR)+ RS 2 ( 45 ) +174
p= ,=
2(N ) 2(307)
264
p= , = 0.43
614
q = 1-p
q = 1-0.43 = 0.57
Therefore: Hexp = 2pq
= 2(0.43)(0.57)
= 0.49

Lunyangwa

RS 127
(Hobs) ¿ ,¿
N 322

= 0.39

(Hexp) = 2pq

First, we need to find the allele frequencies p and q in this case our R is p and S is q
2(RR)+ RS 2 ( 44 ) +127
p= ,=
2(N ) 2(322)
215
p= , = 0.33
644
q = 1-p
q = 1-0.33, = 0.67
Therefore; Hexp = 2pq
= 2(0.33)(0.67)
= 0.44
ii. Calculate the F value of each of the four population
 Solutions

Bunda

H exp−H obs
F(bunda) =¿
H exp
0.21−0.14
=
0.21
= 0.33
Makoka

H exp−H obs
F(makoka)=¿
H exp
0.24−0.20
=
0.24
=0.17
Chitedze

H exp−H obs
F(chitedze)=¿
H exp
0.49−0.57
=
0.49
= -0.16
Lunyangwa

H exp−H obs
F(lunyangwa) =¿
H exp
0.44−0.39
=
0.44
=0.11