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Lecture # 01 (EL-305) - DR - Tariq
Lecture # 01 (EL-305) - DR - Tariq
(EL-305)
Lecture-1
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Classical Control Modern Control
• System Modelling • State Space Modelling
• Transfer Function • Eigenvalue Analysis
• Block Diagrams • Observability and Controllability
• Signal Flow Graphs • Solution of State Equations (state Transition Matrix)
• System Analysis • State Space to Transfer Function
• Time Domain Analysis • Transfer Function to State Space
• Frequency Domain Analysis • Direct Decomposition of Transfer Function
• Bode Plots, Nyquist Plots, Nichol’s Chart • Cascade Decomposition of Transfer Function
• Root Locus • Parallel Decomposition of Transfer Function
• System Design • State Space Design Techniques
• Compensation Techniques
• PID Control
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Text Books
1. Modern Control Engineering, (5th Edition)
By: Katsuhiko Ogata.
(Prof Emeritus)
Mechanical Engineering
University of Minnesota
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Reference Books
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Prerequisites
• For Classical Control Theory
– Differential Equations
– Laplace Transform
– Basic Physics
– Ordinary and Semi-logarithimic graph papers
• For Modern Control theory above &
– Linear Algebra
– Matrices
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What is Control System?
• A system Controlling the operation of another
system.
• A system that can regulate itself and another
system.
• A control System is a device, or set of devices to
manage, command, direct or regulate the
behaviour of other device(s) or system(s).
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Definitions
Process – The device, plant, or system under control. The input and
output relationship represents the cause-and-effect relationship of the
process.
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Definitions
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Definitions
Manipulated Variable
Input
or Output
Set point Controller Process Or
or Controlled Variable
reference
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Types of Control System
• Natural Control System
– Universe
– Human Body
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Types of Control System
• Manmade Control System
– Aeroplanes
– Chemical Process
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Types of Control System
• Manual Control Systems
– Room Temperature regulation Via Electric Fan
– Water Level Control
Input Output
Controller Process
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Types of Control System
Closed-Loop Control Systems
Input Output
Comparator Controller Process
Measurement
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Types of Control System
Multivariable Control System
Outputs
Temp
Humidity Comparator Controller Process
Pressure
Measurements
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Types of Control System
Feedback Control System
Feedback
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Types of Control System
Servo System
• A Control System in which output varies linearly with the input is called a
linear control system.
30
0
25
-5
y(t)
y(t)
20
-10
15
-15
10
-20 5
0 2 4 6 8 10 0 2 4 6 8 10
u(t) 19
u(t)
Types of Control System
Linear Vs Nonlinear Control System
• When the input and output has nonlinear relationship the system is said
to be nonlinear.
0.4
Adhesion Coefficient
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
Creep
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Types of Control System
Time invariant vs Time variant
y(t ) = −2u(t ) + 1
y(t ) = 2u(t ) − 3t
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Types of Control System
Continuous Data Vs Discrete Data System
• A discrete time control system involves one or more variables that are
known only at discrete time intervals.
X[n]
n
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Types of Control System
Deterministic vs Stochastic Control System
t t
t 23
Classification of Control Systems
Control Systems
Natural Man-made
Manual Automatic
Open-loop Closed-loop
Non-linear linear
Non-linear linear
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Examples of Control Systems
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Examples of Modern Control Systems
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END OF LECTURE # 01
thank you !!!
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