Public awareness and

dissemination of information
plays a crucial part in
ensuring the safety of the
community living near a
volcano
Public awareness and
dissemination of information
plays a crucial part in
ensuring the safety of the
community living near a volcan
UNIVERSITY OF SAINT ANTHONY
(Dr. Santiago G. Ortega Memorial)
City of Iriga

SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

Asynchronous Activity in MAEd Science

Name: JAY-R N. PALLEGA Score: __________

Date: May 18, 2023
 “Quantum Entanglement Enables Storage and Retrieval of Photonic Qubits using Rare-
Earth Ions.”
- An analysis on the research demonstrating the potential of using rare-earth ions in
storing and retrieving quantum information and its significant implications for the
development of quantum computing technologies.

Tasks:

1. Write a summary of the breakthrough research in layman’s terms. What was the main objective
of the research? What are the key findings?

 The research highlights the importance of investigating and verifying the connections
between the foundations of quantum mechanics and general relativity that requires
extremely sensitive quantum experiments specially in the usage of rare-earth ions in
storing and retrieving photonic qubits. In order to provide ultimate insight into this area
of physics, experiments in space becomes a necessity. Quantum technologies, quantum
memories in particular, are providing novel approaches to reach conclusive experimental
results due to their advanced state of development backed by decades of progress. Storing
quantum states for prolonged time will make it possible promote the case of exploiting
quantum memories for fundamental physics in space, and discuss both distinct
experiments as well as potential quantum memory platforms and their performance.

2. Identify the potential applications of the research. How can the research impact our daily lives?
What industries can benefit from this breakthrough? Critically analyze the research methodology
used. What are the strengths and limitations of the study?

Answer is cited from the related study of quantum entanglement in storing and retrieving
photonic qubits:
 Quantum technologies are currently expanding into viable public and commercial
applications as well as extending their capabilities for use in engineering and applied
science. There is increasing interest to deploy such technologies in space to advance
secure quantum communication, assist distributed quantum computation, improve
sensing, and run experimental tests of fundamental physics. Operation of complex
quantum systems in space has already been successfully demonstrated by the Cold Atom
Laboratory and MAIUS missions, operating Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in space.
The upcoming project BECCAL will build on this heritage and perform a multitude of
new experiments, among them the operation of a quantum memory in space. Since
quantum memories are an important component for future quantum communication
systems, insights from this mission will inform further development of space-ready
hardware for global quantum networks.
 In general, quantum memories allow to store a given quantum state, such as the state of a
single photon, for a specific amount of time until retrieval occurs at a later point in time.
The key aspect here is that this process of storage and retrieval conserves all previously
established quantum properties such as entanglement and quantum coherence.
  In this way, quantum memories are able to play a key role in greatly enhancing many
scientific and technological applications, such as quantum state teleportation and long-
range Bell tests and aiding the design of new quantum tests of general relativity.

3. Discuss the implications of the research for future studies. What are the potential areas for further
investigations?

Answers are cited from the related studies on Quantum Entanglement Enables Storage and
Retrieval of Photonic Qubits using Rare-Earth Ions:
 Ensembles of rare-earth ions doped in crystals exhibit outstanding quantum coherence
properties and large inhomogeneous linewidths that are suitable for quantum information
transfer with broadband photons in high-speed optical quantum communication networks.
They are used in state-of-the-art optical quantum memories with potential for microwave
storage and are promising candidates for optical-to-microwave quantum transduction.
One major challenge towards broadband quantum interfaces based on solid-state emitters
is that information stored in the collective excitation of the ensemble quickly decoheres
due to inhomogeneous broadening. To restore the optical coherence, protocols based on
spectral hole burning techniques like atomic frequency comb (AFC)7,8 and controlled
reversible inhomogeneous broadening9 have been perfected. Although effective, these
protocols involve long (hundreds of milliseconds) and complex preparation procedures
that generally limit the interface bandwidth. Recently, it was proposed that ensemble
decoherence can be suppressed via strong coupling to a cavity. This phenomenon, called
cavity protection, has been experimentally observed, though not in full effect, in the
microwave domain with a nitrogen vacancy spin ensemble. Prior experiments reported
polariton linewidth narrowing in the quantum well structure, but it is not yet conclusive
that those effects were results of cavity protection.

 As an emerging solid-state platform, rare-earth-ion doped solids have enabled optical

quantum storage with remarkable performances. Moreover, the rare-earth-ion doped
crystal is currently the only candidate for a transportable photonic quantum memory, due
to its hours-long optical storage times. Despite these remarkable achievements, rare-
earth-ion doped crystals typically have birefringence and anisotropic absorption which
make the storage of polarization-qubits become a great challenge.
4. Compare and contrast this breakthrough research with other related research in the field. How
does it contribute to the existing knowledge on the topic?

 Based from the readings that I’ve done, related studies on Quantum Entanglement
Enables Storage and Retrieval of Photonic Qubits using Rare-Earth Ions purely
focuses on the use of rare-earth to cut down on the time and computing power to process
information transfer between qubits. Entanglement enables tasks such as quantum
cryptography, super dense coding, and teleportation. With the existing related studies on
quantum entanglement, it will allow the researchers to explore more on the capabilities of
rare-earth ions in storing and retrieving photonic qubits.
 It offers unique insights into the fundamental principles of our physical world and it
provides at the same time the basis of novel communication protocols, which allow
efficient communication and computation beyond the capabilities of their classical
counterparts.