‫‪Effect of tension and compression reinforcement of flat slab on long‬‬

‫‪term deflection‬‬
‫ة‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﺒ ﻃﺎت اﻟﻔ ت ﺳ ب ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﺗ ﺣﻆ ﻗﻴﺎم ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻮدﻳﻞ ﻣﺒﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ Long term deflection‬ﺑﺪون ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺒ ﻃﻪ وأﺧﺬ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮه ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻬﻞ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ ‪LTD‬؟‬

‫وﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أﺧﺬ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ واﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ا‪ S‬ﺿﺎﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ا‪WS‬ﻣﺪ ‪ LTD‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺴﻴﻒ؟‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻓ ت ﺳ ب ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫=‬ ‫∅ =‬ ‫‪/‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫∅ =‪.‬‬ ‫‪/‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ا‪WS‬وﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻮدﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ا‪ S‬ﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺒ ﻃﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮم‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ا‪ S‬ﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪= .‬‬ ‫‪= .‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻮدﻳﻞ اﻟﺒ ﻃﺔ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ا‪WS‬وﻟﻲ ا‪ S‬ﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ LTD‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫∆‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻮدﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﺪون وﺿﻊ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ا‪ S‬ﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫∗ !" ‪! .‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= .‬‬ ‫!‬
‫∗‬ ‫! ∗‬
‫∗ !" ‪! .‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= .‬‬ ‫!‬
‫∗‬ ‫! ∗‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻮدﻳﻞ اﻟﺒ ﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ LTD‬أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ا‪WS‬وﻟﻰ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ أﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺣﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺼﻮرة‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫∆‬ ‫‪= ".‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻮدﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ وﺗﻢ وﺿﻊ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ا‪ S‬ﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬
‫∗ !" ‪! .‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= .‬‬ ‫""‬
‫∗‬ ‫! ∗‬
‫∗ !" ‪! .‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= .‬‬ ‫!‬
‫∗‬ ‫! ∗‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻮدﻳﻞ اﻟﺒ ﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ LTD‬أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ أﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ واﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ا‪ S‬ﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫∆‬ ‫=‬ ‫"‪. #‬‬

 ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ا‪WS‬ﻣﺪ اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح ﺑﻪ ‪ Allowable long term deflection‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪Actual long-term‬‬ ‫‪Allowable long-‬‬

‫‪Trials‬‬ ‫‪Reinforcement‬‬ ‫‪Check‬‬
‫‪deflection‬‬ ‫‪term deflection‬‬

‫‪Case 1‬‬ ‫‪Program default‬‬ ‫‪30.21 mm‬‬ ‫‪24 mm‬‬ ‫‪Unsafe‬‬

‫‪Bottom + Top‬‬
‫‪Case 2‬‬ ‫‪25.14 mm‬‬ ‫‪24 mm‬‬ ‫‪Unsafe‬‬
‫‪mesh only‬‬

‫‪Bottom + Top‬‬
‫‪Case 3‬‬ ‫‪mesh + Add.‬‬ ‫‪24.65 mm‬‬ ‫‪24 mm‬‬ ‫‪Unsafe‬‬
‫‪Reinf.‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻰ‪:‬‬

‫ة ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻮدﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺴﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ا‪WS‬ﻣﺪ ‪ LTD‬ﻣﺒﺎ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺑﺪون أﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻰ ﻓﻰ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﺒ ﻃﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ S‬ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻰ ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن ﺷﺒﻜﺔ رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ واﺿﺎﻓﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒ ﻃﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻳﺘﻀﺢ أن اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫•‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻀﺢ أن ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ أﺧﺬﻧﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻰ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‪.‬‬