Shipbuilding Quality Standards:

Piping

INDEX

Sr No. Description

1. PipingProcess
1.1 Pipe Finishing
1.2 Pipe Joint
1.3 Pipe Branches
1.4 Reducing Pipe Diameter
1.5 Pipe Penetrations
1.6 Pipe Joints done On-board
1.7 Pipe Galvanizing
1.8 Pipe Pickling by Acid
1.9 Flushing of Pipes
1.10 Bolts for Pipe Flange Joints
1.11 Pipe Supports
1.12 Pipe Tests
1.13 NDT for Butt weld Joints
1.14 Pipes

2. Yard Design Standard

2.1 Flanges
2.2 Flange fitting
2.3 Sleeve
2.4 Welding detail for Flange and Sleeve
2.5 Butt welding for Pipes
2.6 Tolerance limit for Pipes Butt welding
2.7 Pipe support clamp
2.8 Span of Pipe Support
2.9 Bell mouth
2.10 Tk Penetration for Air Vent & Overflow Pipes
2.11 Filling Pipes
2.12 Tk Fitting for Filling
2.13 Piping
2.14 Fillet welding for branch
2.15 Fillet welding for branch of pipe – WP<7bar
2.16 Scupper Box
2.17 WT Bhd / Dk penetration Details
2.18 Details of Sounding Pipe (ERDB)
2.19 Details of Sounding Pipe (Flush Type)

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1. Piping Process

1.1. Pipe
Finishing.
Weld beads on inside surface of fabricated pipes, shall be finished
to suit purpose of the respective piping system in accordance with
the following 3 grades. In case of root run by TIG welding, inside
finishing of butt joint shall be omitted except hydraulic pipes.

1.1.1. Grade A
Welding splatters and slag shall be removed as far as
possible.
This grade applies to lube oil pipes, hydraulic oil pipes, fuel oil
service pipes for main diesel engine & Class I pipes. For butt
welded joints, root run shall be by TIG welding. Welds to be
ground
smooth and flushed.

1.1.2. Grade B
Welding spatters and slag shall be removed and weld beads
shall be cleaned with wire brush as far as possible.
This grade applies to Fuel oil transfer pipes, Compressed air
service pipe (7bar &below) Sea water & fresh water cooling
pipes, Bilge, Ballast & Fire Main pipes, Water supply pipes,
Sprinkler system.

1.1.3. Grade C
Welding spatters and slag on the flange face shall be removed
but welded beads inside pipes shall not be finished.
This grade applies to all other pipes which are not specified in
Grade A & Grade B and open ended lines such as Drains,
Overflows, vent, sounding, crank case, vest pipes and exhaust
gas pipes etc

1.2. Pipe Joints

Pipe joints in respective piping systems shall be in accordance with
the following standards.

1.2.1. Sleeve Joints and Butt Joints.

A. Generally, sleeve welded joints and butt welded joints shall

be used to prevent leaks from pipe joints, unless other joints
are specified in the hull and / or machinery specification,

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Especially, these joints shall be applied to all pipes in space ,
except galvanized and painted pipe spools, such as tanks,
cargo holds, cofferdams, void spaces, ducts, store spaces,
accommodation.

spaces, hatch side spaces etc. where the removal of pipes is

usually not necessary.

B. Butt Welding Details.

End Penetrations – Oxygen or Arc Cutting is acceptable only if the
cut is reasonable.
(Smooth & True and all slag is cleaned from the flame cut
surfaces.)

C. Butt welding details of equal & unequal thickness pipe to pipe flange
/ tee / elbows welding neck flanges shall be as per Yard Standard
No. WSPL/P/105

D. Allowable limits of convex of butt welded beads on the pipe

internal surface and external surface shall be as per Yard Std
No. WSPL/P/106.

1.2.2. Flange Joint and Union Joints.

Flange joints and other removable joints shall be used in addition to
sleeve welded joint and butt welded joints for the steel pipes in the
engine room, pump room, steering gear room and other machinery
spaces and also on exposed deck facilitate the removal of pipes.

A. Flange Joints.
A.1. Flange for low pressure pipes shall be as per DIN 2576 DN
16/10 : Refer Yard Std No WSPL/P/102
A.2. Flange fitting in shop & on board : Refer Yard Std No
WSPL/P/102
A.3. Flange Welding – refer Yard Std No WSPL/P/104

B. Flange for starting air piping of NB 32 and above shall be forged of

welding neck type conforming to DIN PN 40

C. Union joint of cutting ring type shall be used for pipes of NB 25

& below for systems of LO, FO and FWC and starting air.

D. Flanges or screwed union joints shall be used at connection to all

pipe fittings, machinery and equipment for machinery or over
haul purposes.

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1.2.3. Socket Joints.

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For pipes of high pressure piping system having nominal pipe dia of
50mm and below, socket joints shall be used to prevent leaks, if
required.

1.2.4. Joint – Non Ferrous Pipes.

Pipes joint for non ferrous pipes shall be applied similar to those foe
steel pipes, unless otherwise specified in the specifications.

1.2.5. Joints Gaskets.

Heat and oil resisting Non-asbestos joint sheets (CAF) shall be used
generally in oil piping system, excepting those for high pressure
and high temp piping system, where metallic CAF gaskets shall be
used.
Neoprene gaskets shall be used in PCV pipes and also in low
pressure water piping of ferrous and non ferrous pipes.

1.3. Pipe Branches.

In general, branch pipe shall be welded directly to the main pipe having
branch axis angles of at least 45 degrees.
For high pressure and/or high temp pipes having nominal dia of 50 mm and
below, forged steel socket T – pieces may be used.
Socket welded type Tee may be used in low pressure piping etc., only for
steel pipes having nominal dia of 40 mm and below. Non ferrous pipes shall
be branched by standard Tee pieced.

1.4. Reducing pipe Diameters.

For connection pipes of different diameters, commercial reducing pieces as
per ASTM standards shall be used. Commercial reducing pieces shall be of
seamless steel for nominal pipe dia of 200 mm and below and fabricated
reducing piece shall be commonly used for nominal pipe dia of 250 mm and
above unless specifically required by Class.
Reducing pieces having a reducing ratio of 3:1 or over shall be of
fabricated steel, irrespective of their sizes.

1.5. Pipe Penetrations.

For penetrations in spaces where sleeve welded joints are used, welded
sleeve type pipe penetration piece shall be used as per Yard Std No
ABG/P/104 but if welded sleeve type penetration pieces can not be used to
adjust the pipe alignment, penetration pieces with middle flange
and welded sleeves at both ends may bee used at WSPL’s option,
except in WB tanks.

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For penetrations in other spaces, penetration piece of 3-flanged type shall

be used.
In general, the wall thickness of penetration pipes shall be SH 80. But for
pipes of 250mm dia and above, the wall thickness of penetration pipes shall
be 12.7 mm. penetration pipes for hydraulic oil pipes and non ferrous pipes
shall have the same wall thickness and material as the corresponding
pipes.
If compensation is required for the penetration, the thickness and the
plate lap of the middle flange shall be similar to the above drg approved by
class.
1.6. Pipe joints done On board.
Adjusting pipes shall be generally used foe connections on board
between pipes already fitted on the blocks. The flanges for the
adjusting pipes may be welded on board.
In order to keep the flange face parallel to the mating flange on board,
the flange angle of the adjusting pipes may be slopped. Pipes of nominal
dia of 25mm and below may be fabricated on board excepting surface
treated pipes.
After checking the alignment of the pipes on board correcting of the
alignment shall be done on the spot by heating process, but lubricating and
hydraulic oil pipes shall be returned to shop for proper alignment.

1.7. Pipe Galvanizing.

Galvanizing of pipes shall be carried out after fabrication of pipes, but if the
welding is carried out after galvanizing, such as cases as mentioned
hereunder, the external of the damaged parts shall be touched up with zinc
solution paint of high purity and internal parts shall be touched up with the
same paint as far as possible.
Galvanizing of pipes are to be carried out in accordance with IS 2633 & IS6745.
a. Sleeve welded joint fabricated on board *
b. Flange of pipes adjusted on board.
c. Middle flange of penetrating pieces adjusted on board *
d. Anchoring pieces welded on galvanized pipes after adjusting on board.
*
*-Technical specification over rules, if case of conflict

1.8. Pipe pickling by Acid.

After finishing the steel pipes, acid pickling shall be carried out on
following pipes before installation on board. After pickling FO,LO
Hydraulic oil pipes shall be oiled and blanked.
a. Lube oil pipes excepting oily bilge pipes and air vent pipes.

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b. Fuel oil service pipes for main engine, diesel generators & Aux
boilers & indicators only.
c. Hydraulic oil pipes.
d. Starting air pipes.

1.9. Flushing of pipes.

Following piping systems shall be flushed with following medium after
being fitted on board.

Piping System System Applied Flushing Method

Lub. oil Piping For main engine and System shall be
stern tube circulated by flushing
oil or system oil
For generator engine System shall be
circulated with system
oil
Fuel oil Piping For Main Engine System shall be
circulated by system
oil
For DG Engine System shall be blown
out by compressed air
Compressed air For main engine System shall be blown
starting air, Aux out by compressed air
engine starting air
and control air
Hydraulic oil Piping For main engine (at the System shall be
manufacturer) and circulated by flushing
deck machinery oil or operating oil
For remote control System shall be
circulated by operating
oil or blown out by
nitrogen
# Refer Technical specification

1.9.1. Flushing of Main engine LO pipes.

Before starting flushing, it must be confirmed that the LO sump , other
LO tanks and main engine crank case are properly clad and are ready
for flushing.
It must also be confirmed that the temporary filters (above 200
mesh) are fitted in strainers and magnates are properly installed.

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The flushing temp. shall be in accordance with the recommendations of

the manufacturers (above 40˚C - 55˚C ) The completion of the flushing
shall be finally decided after checking the conditions of filter papers on
the temporary filters.
The flushing is considered to be completed when the filters have
maintained a consistent clean condition for 02 hours by periodical
inspection.
1.9.2. Flushing of Generator Engine LO pipes.
If pipes of the LO system are fitted by the Engine manufacturer, no
flushing for the system is required on board. This depends on the period
and condition of storage of pipes.
For pipes of the LO system which are manufacture and fitted by
WSPL, the flushing shall be required on board or at shore.
After flushing, the condition of the filters (about 200 mesh) in the
strainers shall be checked in the same way for the main engine.

1.9.3. Flushing of Stern Bearing LO pipes.

Flushing shall be carried out by using system oil (or flushing oil) and
the temporary filter (about 200 mesh filter paper) & magnets shall be
installed in the LO pump strainers.
The finishing of flushing shall be decided in the same way as for the
main engine LO pipes.

1.9.4. Flushing of Main Engine FO Pipes.

Flushing shall be carried out by using “Diesel fuel oil” according to the
following process:
The Main Engine FO inlet shall be connected to the return pipe by
a temporary pipe and diesel oil shall be circulated at room temp.. 60
mesh filter paper shall be installed on the suction side to check the
condition of filtration. Finishing of flushing shall be decided after
checking the condition of filtration.

1.9.5. Flushing of Generator Engine FO Pipes.

Flushing shall be carried out by using diesel fuel oil as under: Generator
engine FO inlet shall be connected to the return pipe by a temporary
line and diesel oil shall be circulated at room temp.. Finishing of
the flushing shall be decided same as for the main engine.

1.9.6. Flushing of Starting & Control air pipes & Steam Pipes.
Starting air pipes for main and aux engines and control air pipes
shall be detached and opened at a position farthest from the air vessel
and the flushing shall be carried out by air blow out.

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1.9.7. Flushing of Hydraulic Oil Pipes.

The flushing shall be carried out by circulation of flushing oil or
operating oil and a filter (150-200 mesh filter paper) & magnets shall be
installed for checking purpose. The finishing of flushing shall be
decided in the same way as for the main engine. Non ferrous pipes for
remote control, if any, may be blown out by nitrogen gas or flushing by
oil.

1.10. Bolts for pipe flange joints :

Metric standard hexagonal head bolts and nuts of galvanized steel
shall be generally used for pipe flange joints. Galvanized bolts and
nuts shall be generally used in water tanks, weather decks, etc.
The length of the bolt protruding from the after tightening shall be
between zero to half of the bolt diameter. .
1.11. Pipe Supports :
In general, steel supports and u-type bolts galvanized shall be applied to
pipe lines at suitable intervals. The length of the screw part of the U-type
bolts , protruding from the nut after tightening shall be between zero and
bolt diameter. Pipe supports for non ferrous pipes shall be of poly propylene
type clamps. Cable trays with aluminum strips shall be used for clamping
multi pipes of small sizes depending on weather. Aluminum may be
replaced by galvanized or stainless steel depending on location.

1.12. Pipe Tests.

Range of pressure gauge shall be maintained 0 to 2.5 times to the required
test pressure.
Hydrostatic test of partial sections of piping may be carried out in order to
check intermediate connections in shop to 1.5 times the working pressure.
The whole system shall be hydrostatic tested at again completion of the
installation to check the newly installed connection as per Class.

1.13. Non destructive tests for butt welded joints.

For the purpose of quality check and security of welded joints, the following
non destructive tests shall be applied to welded joints designed by the
Class and/or any other parts considered necessary by the builder.

a. Radiographic Examination.
b. Magnetic Particle Examination

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1.14. Pipes.
Seamless steel pipes conforming to ASTM standard shall be used.

1.15. Butt welded fittings.

Butt welding fitting, such as long radius elbow, reducer, Tees shall conform
to ASTM standard in live with the thickness mentioned in above pipe
standards.

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SLEEVE FOR PENETRATION & PIPE JOINT

(DETAIL)

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1.) BUTT WELDING DETAILS

1.3) PIPE TO PIPE AND FITTING

This standard covers the preparation of butt welding ends of pipes, welding neck flanges and all
pipe fittings.

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TOLERANCE LIMIT FOR PIPES BUTT WELDING

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PIPE SUPPORT CLAMP

( U – TYPE)

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SPAN OF PIPE SUPPORTS (FOR STEEL AND COPPER PIPES)

SUPPORT SPAN SHOULD BE DECIDED CONSIDERING DEFLECTION , STRESS AND

VIBRATION OF PIPES.

THE FOLLOWING PIPE SUPPORTING SPAN SHOULD BE USED IN GENERAL:

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DETAILS OF BELLMOUTHS

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TANK PENETRATION DETAIL FOR AIR VENT AND OVERFLOW PIPES

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FILLING PIPE

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TANK FITTING FOR FILLING

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YARD STANDARD FOR STEEL PIPES PER ASTM/CLASS

ASTM A 53 OR A 106 GRADE A OR B HAVING C < 0.22% WITH WORKS TC

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FILLET WELDING FOR BRANCH PIPE

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FILLET WELDING FOR BRANCH OF PIPE – W.P < OR = 7BAR

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SCUPPER BOX (WITH LIQUID SEAL)

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W.T BHD/ DECK PENETRATION DETAIL

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DETAIL OF SOUNDING PIPE (DN 40)

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DETAIL OF SOUNDING PIPE (DN 40)

(STAND TYPE WITH CAP & KEEP CHAIN)

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