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Digitalization and Education System: A Survey

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 International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 16, No. 1, January 2018
Digitalization and Education System: A Survey
Saiful Islam
Lecturer at dept. of CSE
Daffodil International University
Dhaka, Bangladesh
E-mail: saiful.cse@diu.edu.bd
Abstract— Education is a basic need for every human being and
digital education is the current trend and necessity for every
students or learners to be more focused in their learning. In this
paper authors worked with these current phenomena. Digital
education helps students or learners to gather knowledge in
easier and different ways than before. It also reduces the learning
time. In traditional education system we were mostly dependent
on text book or in instructor’s speech. But nowadays it is easier to
find any text book or any other learning materials by using
digital educational tools. Another charismatic change that
transformed human life is social networking. In terms of digital
education social networks contribute a good portion of education.
Among social networking services, Facebook has become most
popular for communication with familiar and unfamiliar
persons. The impact of the use of Facebook on students is very
impactful. In this paper authors conducted a survey on various
students for understanding the digitalization effect on
educational purpose. Machine learning was applied for classified
the happy and unhappy student with digitalization where focused
time spent on educational purposes. Finally authors provided an
analytical summary of digitalization effect on education based on
their survey.
Keywords—Digitalization, E-learning, Machine learning, Social
networking.
I. INTRODUCTION
The history of Internet began with the development of
electronic computers in 1950s. Like many other developed and
developing countries, Internet in Bangladesh has also
witnessed phenomenal growth. Although facing many
constraints in expanding internet access and uses, development
of the internet and information technology is one of the
government’s high priorities. In present era, social networking
websites, such as MySpace and Facebook have been attracting
a large number of participants. For example- in 2013, Internet
users in Bangladesh increased to 33 million [1].
In social networks, each node represents a participant and
each link between participants corresponds to real-world
interactions or online interactions between them. One
participant can give a trust value to another based on their
interactions [2]. Online social networking sites have been
attracting a large number of participants and are being used as
the means for a variety of rich activities. For example,
participants carry out business, and share photos and movies
on the first generation (e.g., ebay.com) and second generation
(e.g., facebook.com) social networking sites respectively [3].
Authors tried to find out the percentage of participants that
70
Nusrat Jahan
Dept. of CSE
Daffodil International University
Dhaka, Bangladesh
E-mail: nusratjahan.cse@diu.edu.bd
actually uses these social networking sites for digital education
purpose. They also tried to determine is these sites really
helping our student participants to gain more quicker and clear
knowledge to grow as a learner or are they just wasting their
time leading them to a poor career.
This paper is organized as follows: Section II gives a brief
historical idea about digitalization’s activity. Section III for a
small overview of this paper work. In section IV discuss about
result analysis. Section V includes the conclusion with future
plan.
II. RELATED WORK
In this section noted some previous discussion about
digitalization, social networking and machine learning with
digital education.
Umamaheswari. k and S. Niraimathi worked with student’s
socio-demographic variables like age, gender, name, class
grade, proficiency and extra skill. Their data analysis result
helps recruitment process on interview board through
student’s grade [7]. Sunday Tunmibi, Ayooluwa Aregbesola,
Pascal Adejobi, and Olaniyi Ibrahim was discussed the impact
of e-learning and digitalization in primary and secondary
school levels. They showed that majority of teachers agreed
about e-learning helps our students to gather more knowledge
and resources [4]. Manoj Kumar discussed on smart phone
uses in education technology. He was also worked with the
application of technical and professional studies in Indian
education [5]. Pooja Thakar, Anil Mehta, and Manisha
discussed about educational data mining which was based on
different survey results. Machine learning helps us to find out
informative information to solve a problem [6]. Radhika R
Halde was introduced machine learning approach for
predicting the student’s performances and also compared
different machine learning algorithms [12].
One of the digitalization impact of Bangladesh is 1 to class
10 including teacher’s training and other necessary books are
available at this website www.ebook.gov.bd website. The
government provides laptops and multimedia projectors to
20,500 public and private educational institutions to improve
the classroom teaching-learning process [18].
There are many online social networking sites like
Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, eBay etc. Among all of these
sites, participants of Facebook are the highest. Facebook is an
online social networking service. Its name stems from the
colloquial name for the book given to students at the start of
the academic year by some American university
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 International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 16, No. 1, January 2018

administrations to help students get to know each other [8]. A. Effectiveness

Facebook (as of 2012) has about 180 petabytes of data a year Although the traditional education in our country i.e.
and grows by over half a petabytes every 24 hours [9]. writing on the board with chalk or white board marker is still
After this study here author worked with digitalization preferable to many of the teachers, our student’s thoughts are
impact on education and they discussed the positive and otherwise. On our survey one of the most important questions
negative answer of student’s. Finally author provided a result was the thought of our students about the effectiveness of
which was focused the reason of this survey. Digital Education. A maximum of number of 95.4% student
are happy while the teachers uses digitization tools inside the
classroom. Only 4.6% students stayed with the unhappy
III. OVERVIEW
group. As our survey result is suggesting most of our students
Social networking is an internet based medium that makes are changing and loving digitization so our teachers should
a way to communicate with friends, family, classmates, keep that fact in mind and prepare their content based on that.
customers and clients. Social networking can occur for social
purposes, business purposes or both through sites such as
Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn etc. [13]. But nowadays
social networking also used for educational purposes.
Facebook is the most popular social networking site. Facebook
was founded in February 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with his
college roommates. As of September 2012, Facebook has over
one billion active users [14]. There are many Facebook pages
and groups that help us to gather information in different
reasons. Finally it helps us to increases our knowledge besides
social communication.
Figure 1. Effectiveness of digitalization.
Machine learning algorithms can be categorized under two
main streams: supervised learners and unsupervised learners
[16]. The program is trained with a pre-defined set of training Another aspect of the effect of digitization tools inside the
examples, which then facilitate its ability to reach an accurate classroom was found when author raised a question in their
conclusion when given new data is the supervised learning and survey that is “Do you think these digitized tools are effecting
Unsupervised machine learning is the program where given a your classroom studying?” the answer was varying with the
bunch of data and must find patterns and relationships therein happy unhappy ratio. Author found that 83.4% agrees with the
[17]. In this paper author focused on supervised learning positive effect of digitalization inside the classroom while
approaches. 16.6% of students said that traditional system is not good or
bad then the digitalized education. In this section author found
Digital Technology for education is defined with any that students have different thinking about digitalization on
process where the teacher or learner uses digital equipment classroom. Some students have no idea about practices of
such as a personal computer, a Laptop, tablet, MP3 player, or digital tools for educational purposes.
console to access digital tools such as learning platforms and
virtual learning environments (VLEs) to improve their
knowledge and skills. The Learning with Digital Technology
comprises of ICT products such as teleconferencing, email,
audio, television lessons, radio broadcasts, interactive voice
response system etc. [19]. Day by day all over the world go
through with digitalization and our education system is one of
the biggest fields where we can introduce more digitalization.

IV. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT

Authors have conducted an online survey on the basis of
Internet access among several students of different educational
institutions throughout Bangladesh [10]. Here collected
necessary real time data on the basis of some questions from
students of corresponding regions. Here considered responses
from 283 students. All of the participants use Internet at
different time. In this paper author also introduced machine
learning to classify the student’s based on the two fields-
Gender and Happy/Unhappy with digitalization (H/UH). This
paper also realized the male and female student’s interest on
digitalization. In this section discussed five issue related with
the survey and those actually focused on digital education
effect on education.
Figure 2. Digitalization effect on classroom study.
B. Social Network
After the vision 2021 of current Bangladesh Govt. in 2008
of a digital world many of our pupil is now online and a large
portion of this online activity is based on social networks,
mostly Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp and many others.
Nowadays social networks contribute a good portion of
Internet traffic and thus attract tremendous research interests.
Our students carry a large participation in this activity. In this
survey result we found 95.3% students are fond of Facebook
and 20.4% of twitter in their social networking activities.

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 International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 16, No. 1, January 2018

Only a mere of 1.1% are fond of YouTube, while there are like to spend this time on Google, YouTube, Wikipedia and
some other social network users in our survey. We also found others. In table we show the survey result for this scenario.
that students are spending more than 2-3 hrs for social
networking on daily basis.
Hours spend for study per day
100
Social Network Uses
80
Others 60
Linkedin 40
Instragram
20
WhatsApp
0
Facebook
Hours
Youtube
Twitter Figure 5. Hours spend for educational purposes per day.
0 100 200 300
E. Helpful tools inside class room
In this digital era student like to learn in their classroom by
using power point presentation slide, YouTube, Google
Figure 3. Social Networking.
classroom and few others. Based on our survey result we
found that 85.4% students like to use these digital tools inside
C. Gender classroom.
Since 1971 population of Bangladesh is rising in an Useful Websites for Education
alarming rate. According to the population structure in
Bangladesh male percentage per 100 female of an age of 20- 150 128
24 is 76.8% [11]. But as our survey result shows that female
student percentage is less than 20%. It is very concerning fact
for our women education and development because in our 100
country most of the family’s children are growing up in a 52 49
mother centric environment. And it is still believed that “An 50
educated mother can provide an educated nation”. In this 12 9
survey we found that the percentage of female student’s 6 5
is18.4% that is not too good in our nation. 0
Useful Sites for Education
Figure 6. Useful website for education.

F. Machine Learning and Survey

In this section author was used Weka 3.8.0 for understood
the male and female students ration about happy with
digitalization effect and also here we found that the ration of
male and female in our graduation level of education. In
Figure 7 represent the decision tree.

Figure 4. Percentage of Gender.

D. Education Time
Our survey was based on digital education and its effect,
Figure 7. No. of Happy participant with digitalization.
where one of the key question was “Per day how much time
do you spend for education by using Internet?” The result of
this question is so impressive that the average spending time Table 1 for presented the total discussion result at a glance.
for education purpose is more than 3hrs. Most of our students Here focused the above five terminology- Effectiveness,
Social Network, Gender, Education Time and Helpful website
and tools inside class room.

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 International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 16, No. 1, January 2018

TABLE I. SURVEY RESULT. [8]. Eldon, Eric, “2008 Growth Puts Facebook In Better Position to
Make Money”. [Venture Beat (San Francisco), December 18,
Field Survey Result
2008].
Effectiveness Digitalization Y-95.4% [9]. Sharwood, and Simon, “Facebook warehousing 180 PETABYTES
N-4.6% of data a year”. [9th November 2012].
Digitalization on Y-83.4% [10]. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe03grxoq5OdBuqzW
classroom 0-mr0oNdm-eVzX3leYATnbCLJJPO-Zhw/viewform
N-16.6%
[11]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Bangladesh
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with applications 41.4 (2014): 1432-1462.
V. CONCLUSION
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Today most of the learning styles have been converted into student’smarks in Hellenic open university”. In Fifth IEEE
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effect of social networking in our education site. So in future [17]. https://www.toptal.com/machine-learning/machine-learning-
we can work with e-learning through Facebook that will more theory-an-introductory-primer
interactive and easy to access. If this study attract the [18]. The Ministry of Education website.
concerned authority, then it will be helpful for all of the Available:http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_docm
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“A Heuristic Algorithm for Trust-Oriented Service Provider
Selection in Complex Social Networks” 2010 IEEE. Saiful Islam
[3]. G. Liu, Y. Wang, and M. Orgun, “Trust inference in complex trust- He completed his Graduation in CSE from
oriented social networks”. In IEEE CSE’09, pages 996–1001.
Daffodil International University,
Bangladesh and Master in Information
[4]. Sunday Tunmibi, Ayooluwa Aregbesola, Pascal Adejobi, and
Technology from University of Dhaka,
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IIT.
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Practice, Vol.6, No.17, 2015. research interests are Data Analysis and
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Education Technology and its Application in Technical and
Professional Studies: Indian Perspective”. International Journal of
Managing Information Technology (IJMIT), Vol.3, No.3, August
Nusrat Jahan
2011.
She completed her Graduation in CSE
[6]. Pooja Thakar, Anil Mehta, and Manisha, “Performance Analysis
from Patuakhali Science and Technology
and Prediction in Educational Data Mining: A Research University, Bangladesh and Master in
Travelogue”. International Journal of Computer Applications Information Technology from University
(0975 – 8887) Volume 110 – No. 15, January 2015. of Dhaka, IIT.
[7]. Umamaheswari. K , and S. Niraimathi, “A Study on Student Data She is having 3 years of teaching
Analysis Using Data Mining Techniques”. International Journal of experience. Her research interests are
Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software machine learning, Data Analysis and
Engineering, Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2013. image processing.

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