Group 5

WTO AND
CONSERVATION OF
CROP DIVERSITY
E N V I R O N M E N T A L C O N S E R V A T I O N P R E S E N T A T I O N
Muncada, Jerome
Pante, Carla
Parcon, Januela
Quillbio, Hans
Ramos, Maria Carmela
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION?

The WTO Agriculture provides a framework for the long-term reform of

agricultural trade and domestic policies, with the aim of leading to fairer
competition and a less distorted sector. The Agreement covers: Market
access — the use of trade restrictions, such as tariffs on imports.

The new rules and commitments apply to:

market access — various trade restrictions confronting imports

domestic support — subsidies and other programmes, including
those that raise or guarantee farmgate prices and farmers’
incomes
export subsidies and other methods used to make exports
artificially competitive.
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WTO RULES
Trade without discrimination

Freer trade: gradually,

through negotiation

Promoting fair competition

Encouraging development and

economic reform

Predictability: through binding

and transparency
 TRANSPARENCY IN
THE WTO
Transparency is a key principle of all WTO agreements, and a core element
of good regulatory practices. The implementation of the disciplines
contained in WTO agreements promotes many elements of good
regulatory practices, which are designed to ensure that measures are
effective in achieving their expected outcome (including, e.g., conservation
of biodiversity), and to avoid unintended consequences, such as
environmental damage. The WTO agreements also encourage international
regulatory cooperation that can contribute to reducing unnecessary
barriers to trade.
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THE WTO AND LIFE

ON LAND
Sustainable development and the protection and
preservation of the environment are enshrined in the
WTO’s founding document, the Marrakesh Agreement
Establishing the WTO.
WTO members are adopting trade measures to address
biodiversity loss and ensure effective conservation efforts
such as grants, direct payments, and nonmonetary
support to protect biodiversity; technical regulations,
standards, and conformity assessment procedures;
sanitary and phytosanitary measures; import and export
licencing, prohibitions, and quantitative restrictions; and
intellectual property measures.
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Trade and protection of animal and plant life and health

If trade is sustainable throughout the value chain, it can play a

role in preserving biodiversity.
Habitat loss from unsustainable agriculture is a main driver of
biodiversity loss, accor. to UN report on progress towards
SDGs.
Animal and plant diseases and pests, as well as invasive alien
species (IAS) can be vectored by trade unless appropriate
measures are taken.
By promoting science- and risk-based measures, WTO
agreements can contribute to the protection of animal and
plant life and health.

Presentation Design
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TRADE AND DEFORESTATION

Forests are vital for the sustainability of our world as they ensure food security, provide
biodiversity habitat and raw materials for products, and play a key role in climate change
mitigation.
Deforestation is considered to be one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss, together with
habitat loss from unsustainable agriculture, unsustainable harvest and trade and IAS.
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TRADE AND
WILDLIFE
International trade in wildlife is coming under
increased scrutiny.
The OIE estimates that ;
60% of human infectious diseases are zoonotic;
75% of emerging infectious diseases in humans
have an animal origin.
Wildlife trade is reported to be one of the most
lucrative trades in the world, even more so if
endangered species are involved.
When trade is well-regulated, it can contribute to
conservation efforts while improving livelihoods.
WTO X PHILIPPINES / AGRICULTURE
AGREEMENT

The Philippines has been a WTO member since 1 January 1995 and a
member of GATT or General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade since 27
December 1979.
 ROLE OF WTO IN THE PHILIPPINES

The Philippines has been a WTO member

since 1 January 1995. The WTO accession
provided new impetus for the government's
long-term efforts to improve trade and
industrial structure and performance, as it
created profitable new opportunities in new
and expanded markets for various local
products.
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CONSERVATION OF CROP
DIVERSITY
Presentation Design
Crop diversity is important on the individual
farm, as well as on national and global scales
for two reasons:

1) the need for genetic diversity to protect

the world’s food supply
2) the impact of biodiversity on the health of
agricultural and nonagricultural ecosystems.
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CROP DIVERSITY'S
IMPORTANCE AND
BENEFITS

The benefits of conservation, including improved soil quality, increased

organic matter, better filtration and reduced soil erosion can all add up
to an investment in the future of your fields and yields. Optimize your
soil health by adopting conservation efforts.

Economic benefits that improve production efficiency.

Agronomic benefits that improve soil productivity.
Environmental benefits that protect the soil and make agriculture
more sustainable:
Why do we need to conserve crop diversity?

It helps us conserve water and land resources amidst climate change

and environmental degradation since they require less external
inputs and thrive in extreme weather conditions.
Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education provides information
about the importance of maintaining crop diversity for farmers,
communities, and the world. And it provides you with a jumping-off
point to diversify your farm, from choosing the right new crops to
managing them successfully. While some alternative crops command
high prices, others pay dividends by building natural resources or
boosting the yields of rotational crops. And growing crops that
require processing, for example, can provide jobs in your community.
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THANK YOU