Elements of Mechanical Engineering 18ME1525

Maharaja Education Trust (R), Mysuru
Maharaja Institute of Technology Mysore

Belawadi, Srirangapatna Taluk, Mandya – 571 477
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi,
Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi & Recognized by Government of Karnataka
Lecture Notes on
Elements of Mechanical Engineering
(18ME15/25)
Prepared by
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Maharaja Education Trust (R), Mysuru
Belawadi, Srirangapatna Taluk, Mandya – 571 477
Vision/ 鲸൮
“To be recognized as a premier technical and management institution promoting extensive

education fostering research, innovation and entrepreneurial attitude"
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Mission/ l Í൮
 To empower students with indispensable knowledge through dedicated teaching and

collaborative learning.
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 To advance extensive research in science, engineering and management disciplines.

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 To facilitate entrepreneurial skills through effective institute - industry collaboration and

interaction with alumni.
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 To instill the need to uphold ethics in every aspect.

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 To mould holistic individuals capable of contributing to the advancement of the society.

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Vision / 춰ग़
“To excel in technical education by producing Mechanical Engineers who are

competitive, contributing and sustainable in the global socio technological front.”
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Mission / l Íग़
1. To enrich teaching-learning experience through distinguished practices

and ever improving infrastructure
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2. To enhance student performance through consistent guidance, motivation

and mentoring
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3. To develop distinct skills, leadership qualities and creative thinking among

the learners through sensible endeavors
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Program Outcomes
1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate
consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental
considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and
research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and
synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering
activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities
relevant to the professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering
solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need
for sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and
norms of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and
write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and
receive clear instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and
leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
Course Overview
Subject: Elements of Mechanical Engineering Subject Code: 18ME15/25

Students belonging to all branches of Engineering are made to learn certain fundamental
topics related to mechanical engineering so that they will have a minimum understanding
of mechanical systems, equipment and process. Element of Mechanical engineering
course subject gives a very primitive but general information finding wide application in
day to day life with emphasis upon the principles and fundamentals involved in the inter-
conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy and vice versa. The course lays
emphasis on understanding the basic concepts of Energy sources, utilization of energy
resources, steam formation and properties of steams. The course outlines the construction
and working of Boilers, turbines, I C engines refrigeration and air-conditioning systems.
The course also offers a birds eye-view to the Machining, Joining processes, common
Engineering Materials finding wide application in Mechanical engineering. The students
are given knowledge on various energy sources, Boilers, Prime movers, Refrigeration and
Air-conditioning systems, Machining, Joining processes, Engineering Materials. .
Course Objectives
The objectives of this course is to make students to
1. Learn the fundamental concepts of energy, its sources and conversion.
2. Understand the concepts of boilers, turbines, internal combustion engines refrigeration,
Engineering materials, Robots
3. Distinguish different metal joining techniques.
4. Enumerate the knowledge of working with conventional machine tools, their
specifications.
Course Outcomes
CO’s DESCRIPTION OF THE OUTCOMES
18ME15/25.1 Interpret fundamentals concepts of energy, its sources and conversion to describe the
working principles of turbines, pumps, Boilers, IC engines and RAC systems
18ME15/25.2 Identify the principles operation of machine tools and joining process
18ME15/25.3 Apply the principles of thermodynamics to evaluate the properties of steam and explain the
concepts of energy generation
18ME15/25.4 Differentiate the pros and cons of energy sources, IC engines, machine tools,, engineering
materials,and power transmission systems.
18ME15/25.5 Analyze and compute performance parameters of IC engines, length & tensions in belt drives
and velocity ration in gear drives.
Syllabus
Module 1: Sources of Energy : Introduction and application of energy sources like fossil fuels,
hydel, solar, wind, nuclear fuels and bio-fuels; environmental issues like global warming and
ozone depletion.Basic concepts of Thermodynamics: Introduction, states, concept of work, heat, 10
temperature; Zeroth, 1st, 2nd and 3rd laws of thermodynamics. Concept of internal energy, Hours
enthalpy and entropy (simple numericals ).Steam: Formation of steam and thermodynamic
properties of steam (simple numerical).
MODULE 2: Boilers: Introduction to boilers, classification, Lancashire boiler, Babcock and
Wilcox boiler. Introduction to boiler mountings and accessories (no sketches).Turbines: Hydraulic
Thrbines-Classification and specification, Principles and operation of Pelton wheel turbine, Francis 10
turbine and Kaplan turbine (elementary treatment only).Hydraulic Pumps: Introduction, Hours
classification and specification of pwnps, reciprocating pump and centrifugal pump, concept of
cavitation and priming
Module 3: I.C engines: Classification, I.C. Engines parts, 2 and 4 stroke petrol and 4-stroke
diesel engines. P-V diagrams of Otto and Diesel cycles. Simple problems on indicated power,
brake power, indicated thermal efficiency, brake thermal efficiency, mechanical efficiency and
specific fuel consumption.Refrigeration and Air conditioning Refrigeration -Definitions -
Refrigerating effect, Ton of Refrigeration, Ice making capacity, COP, relative COP, Unit of 10
Refrigeration. Refrigerants, Properties of refrigerants, List of commonly used refrigerants. Hours
Principle and working of vapor compression refrigeration and vapor absorption refrigeration.
Domestic refrigerator. Principles and applications of air conditioners, window and split air
conditioners.
Module 4: Properties, Composition and Industrial Applications of engineering materialsMetals-

Ferrous: cast iron, tool steels and stainless steels and nonferrous: aluminum, brass, bronze.
Polymers -Thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers. Ceramics -Glass, optical flber glass,
cennets. Composites -Fiber reinforced composites, Metal Matrix Composites Smart materials -
Piezoelectric materials, shape memory alloys,semiconductors and insulators.Joining Processes:
Soldering, Brazing and Welding Definitions. Classification and methods of soldering, brazing and 10
welding. Brief description of arc welding, oxy-acetylene welding, TIG welding, and MIG Hours
welding.Belt drives Open & crossed belt drives: Definitions -slip, creep, velocity ratio,
derivations for length of belt in open and crossed belt drive, ratio of tension in flat belt drives,
advantages and disadvantages of V belts and timing belts, simple numerical problems.Gear
drives:Types-spur, helical, bevel, worm and rack and pinion. Velocity ratio, advantages and
disadvantages over belt drives, simple numerical problems on velocity ratio.
Module 5: Lathe -Principle of working of a center lathe. Parts of a lathe. Operations on lathe -
Thrning, Facing, Knurling, Thread Cutting, Drilling, Taper turning by Tailstock offset method
and Compound slide swiveling method, Specification of Lathe.Milling Machine-Principle of
milling, types of milling machines. Working of horizontal and vertical milling machines. Milling 10
processes -plane milling, end milling, slot milling, angular milling, form milling, straddle milling, Hours
and gang milling. (Layout sketches of the above machines need not be dealt. Sketches need to be
used only for explaining the operations performed on the machines)Introduction to Advanced
Manufacturing Systems :Computer Numerical Control (CNC): Introduction. components of
CNC, open loop and closed loop systems, advantages of CNC, CNC Machining centers and
Turning centers.Robots: Robot anatomy, joints and links, common robot configurations.
Applications of Robots in material handling, processing and assembly and inspection.
List of Text Books:

1. 1. V.K.Manglik, “Elements of Mechanical Engineering”, PHI Publications, 2013. (Module-
1,2,4,5)
2. MikellP.Groover, “Automation, Production Systems & CIM”, 3rd Edition, PHI (Module -3)
3. K.R.Gopalkrishna, “A text Book of Elements of Mechanical Engineering”- Subhash
Publishers, Bangalore. (Module -1,2,3,4,5)
List of Reference Books:

1. S.TrymbakaMurthy, “A Text Book of Elements of Mechanical Engineering”, 4th Edition 2006,
Universities Press (India) Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad.
2. K.P.Roy, S.K.HajraChoudhury, Nirjhar Roy, “Elements of Mechanical Engineering”, Media
Promoters & Publishers Pvt Ltd,Mumbai,7th Edition,2012
3. Pravin Kumar, “Basic Mechanical Engineering”, 2013 Edition, Pearson.
Index
SL. No. Contents Page No.
1. Module 1: Energy resources, Steam formation and Thermodynamics 1-54
2. Module 2: Turbines, Boilers and Pumps 55-79
3. Module 3: Refrigeration and IC engines 80-131
Module 4: Engineering materials, Joining process and Power

4. 132-212
Transmission
5. Module 5: Machine tools, CNC and Robotics 213-247
Maharaja Institute of Technology Mysore Department of Mechanical Engineering
Elements of Mechanical Engineering(18ME15/25) Energy resources,Steam formation & ThermodynamicsPage 1






















































Elements of Mechanical Engineering (18ME15/25) Module 2 Turbines, Pump and Boilers Page 55
Elements of Mechanical Engineering (18ME15/25) Module 3 Internal combustion Engine, Refrigeration

and Air-conditioning Page 80



















































Elements of Mechanical Engineering (18ME15/25) Module 4 Engineering materials, Joining Process and
belt drive and gear drive Page 132
Elements of Mechanical Engineering (18ME15/25) Module 4 Engineering materials, composite materials




























Elements of Mechanical Engineering (18ME25) Module 5 Machine tool operations and Advances in
Manufacturing System Page 1

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Maharaja Education Trust (R), Mysuru

Maharaja Institute of Technology Mysore

Approved by AICTE, New Delhi,

Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi & Recognized by Government of Karnataka

Elements of Mechanical Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

“To be recognized as a premier technical and management institution promoting extensive

‵敲 dfuS n ॐ^t^Íh d⺁ľ  lS^.

 To empower students with indispensable knowledge through dedicated teaching and

 To advance extensive research in science, engineering and management disciplines.

 To facilitate entrepreneurial skills through effective institute - industry collaboration and

f¡n dॐॐ`d S Í f ļds q nsds ^ ndt nॐ^ lS^.

 To instill the need to uphold ethics in every aspect.

 To mould holistic individuals capable of contributing to the advancement of the society.

“To excel in technical education by producing Mechanical Engineers who are

e D enee enDe n def È e e , l i Nl e⺁ ľ ee

ne ꢨ⺁ l if ऻ enDe fudef e⺁ e Tl nei fhd

1. To enrich teaching-learning experience through distinguished practices

2. To enhance student performance through consistent guidance, motivation

3. To develop distinct skills, leadership qualities and creative thinking among

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

Subject: Elements of Mechanical Engineering Subject Code: 18ME15/25

CO’s DESCRIPTION OF THE OUTCOMES

Module 4: Properties, Composition and Industrial Applications of engineering materialsMetals-

List of Text Books:

List of Reference Books:

Subject: Elements of Mechanical Engineering Subject Code: 18ME15/25

SL. No. Contents Page No.

1. Module 1: Energy resources, Steam formation and Thermodynamics 1-54

2. Module 2: Turbines, Boilers and Pumps 55-79

3. Module 3: Refrigeration and IC engines 80-131

Module 4: Engineering materials, Joining process and Power

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