Mathematics Standard 10

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EVERGREEN 100% SUCCESS IN MATHEMATICS – 10 [STANDARD]
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-1

Subject : MATHEMATICS
Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Q. 1. * If the HCF (2520, 6600) = 40 and LCM (2520, 6600) = 252 × p, then find the value of p.
Sol. Here, LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers
 252 × p × 40 = 2520 × 6600
2520 × 6600
p = 252 × 40
2 2500
=1650
Or 2 1250
Here, denominator = 2500 5 625
= 22 × 54 5 125
5 25
5
Sol. 2. Given polynomial p(x) = (k – 1)x2 + 2kx + 3
Since one zero of this polynomial is 1
 p(1) = 0
 (k – 1)(1)2 + 2k(1) + 3 = 0
 k – 1 + 2k + 3 = 0
 3k = – 2
2
 k =–
3
Sol. 3. For no solution, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b2 c 2
3 2k 2
= 
2 5 1
15
 k =
4
Sol. 4. Let ` x and ` y be respectively the cost price of one chair and one table.
 3x + 2y = 800
8x + 12y = 3000
Which is the required pair of linear equations algebraically.
Sol. 5. Here, a = –1, d = 3 – (–1) = 3 + 1 = 4 and an = 95
Now, a + (n – 1)d = an
–1 + (n – 1)4 = 95
4n – 5 = 95
100
n = = 25
4
Hence, 25th term of the given sequence is 95.
Or
Here, Sn = n(n + 2) = n2 + 2n
(1) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

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Sn – 1 = (n – 1) (n – 1 + 2) = (n + 1)(n – 1)=n2 – 1
an = Sn – Sn – 1 = n2 + 2n – n2 + 1 = 2n +1
Hence, nth term of given A.P. is 2n + 1.
Sol. 6. For equal roots, we have
b2– 4ac = 0
2
(–4k) – 4(1)k = 0
16k2 – 4k = 0
4k(4k – 1) = 0
1
 k =0 or k=
4
Sol. 7. Given equation is :
2 2 3
x x =0
5 5
or 2x2 – 5x – 3 = 0
2x2 – 6x + x – 3 = 0
2x(x – 3) + 1(x – 3) = 0
(x – 3)(2x + 1) = 0
1
 x = 3 and x = –
2
Or
Discriminant = b2 – 4ac
= (– 4)2 – 4(2)(3) = 16 – 24 = – 8
Since discriminant is negative or less than zero.
Hence, no real root exists.
Sol. 8. We know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are of equal length.
 AQ = AR, BQ = BP and CR = CP
Now, perimeter of ABC = AB + BC + AC
= AB + BP + CP + AC
= (AB + BQ) + (CR + AC) [ CP = CR]
= AQ + AR
= AQ + AQ [ AR = AQ]
= 2AQ
1
Hence, AQ = AR= (Perimeter of ABC)
2
Sol. 9. We know that angle between the radius and the tangent through the point of contact is right
angle.
 In quad. OQTP, we have
OQT + QTP + TPO + POQ = 360°
90° + QTP + 90° + 110° = 360°
QTP = 360° – 290° = 70°
Hence, PTQ = 70°
Or B
We know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle

are of equal length.
Q
 AP = AQ, BQ = BR, CR = CS and DS = DP
Let CR = CS = x cm A
 DS = DP = (4 – x) cm R
P
BR = BQ = (7 – x) cm x
AQ = AP = 6 – (7 – x) = (x – 1) cm
C x S D

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Now, AD = AP + DP = x – 1 + 4 – x = 3
Hence, AD = 3 cm
Sol. 10. In PQR, EF  QR
P
PE PF
 =
EQ FR
E F
4 8
 =
4.5 FR
Q R
8 × 4.5
 FR = =9
4
Hence, RF = 9 cm
Sol. 11. Minimum number of points = 7 + 3 = 10
Sol. 12. tan (A + B) = 3 = tan 60°  A + B = 60° ...(i)
1
tan (A – B) = = tan 30°  A – B = 30° ...(ii)
3
Adding (i) and (ii), we obtain 2A = 90°  A = 45°
From (i), we have 45° + B = 60°  B = 15°
15
Sol. 13. 8 tan x = 15  tan x =
8
225 289 17 8
sec2 x = 1 + tan2x = 1 + =  sec x =  cos x =
64 64 8 17
64 225 15
sin2 x = 1 – cos2x = 1 – =  sin x =
289 289 17
15 8 7
Now, sin x – cos x =  =
17 17 17
22
Sol. 14. Circumference of circle = 2 × × 21 = 132 cm
7
Perimeter of the square = 132 cm
4 × Side = 132
132
Side =
= 33 cm
4
Sol. 15. Let n be the number of solid spheres.
4
 n×  × 3 × 3 × 3 =  × 2 × 2 × 45
3
2 × 2 × 45 × 3
n = 4×3×3×3  5
Sol. 16. Total number of playing cards = 52

Number of red cards and queens = 26 + 2 = 28
52  28 24 6
Required probability =  
52 52 13
Or
Sample space = 8 outcomes
Total outcomes of factor of 8 = 4 [1, 2, 4, 8]
4 1
Required probability = =
8 2
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SECTION – II
Sol. 17. Case Study Based-1 :
(i) (a) (9, 20)
 5  13 20  20 
[Mid-point of B(5, 20) and C(13, 20) =  , i.e., (9, 20)]
 2 2 
(ii) *Refer to Front View : (b) 9 units
(iii) *Replace option (c) 11 by (c) 6
(c) 6 units
1:3
 57   21  Q R
(iv) *Replace option (d)  , 8  by (d)  , 9 
 5   2  (9, 9) (15, 9)
 21   15  27 , 9  27    42 , 36    21 , 9  
(d)  , 9  
 2   4 4   4 4   2 

(v) (b) x – 7 = 0
[ (x – 1)2 + (y – 20)2 = (x – 13)2 + (y – 20)2
x2 – 2x + 1 = x2 – 26x + 169  24x – 168 = 0  x – 7 = 0]
(i) (c) 15 cm
1 1
[Here, the scale factor = 1 : 3 = ; Width of the scale modal = 45 × = 15 cm]
3 3
A
(ii) (a) They are not the mirror image of one another
(iii) (c) Their medians have a ratio p : q
[Here, ABC ~ DEF
AB BC AC
 B = E and = = B P C
DE EF DF
2BP D
AB
= 2EQ
DE
AB BP
 = and B = E
DE EQ
 ABP ~ DEQ
E Q F
AB AP
 =
DE DQ
p
= Ratio of the medians]
q
(iv) (a) 18 m
Shadow of tree Shadow of stick 4.5
[Here,   Shadow of tree = × 6  18 m]
Height of tree Length of stick 1.5
(v) *Replace (i)  (a) (ii) (b) (iii)  (c) (iv)  (d)
1 1
(b) 8 m [By mid-point theorem, EF  AB and EF = AB,  EF = × 16 = 8 m]
2 2
(i) (a) (3, 5)
[x2 – 8x + 15 = x2 – 3x – 5x + 15 = x(x – 3) – 5(x – 3) = (x – 3) (x – 5)
 x = 3 and x = 5]
(ii) (b) intersects x-axis
(iii) (c) parabola
(iv) (d) x2 – 3x – 28
[Here,  = – 4 and  + = 3   = 3 + 4 = 7,   = (– 4)(– 7) = – 28
 Quadratic polynomial = x2 – ( +)x +  = x2 – 3x – 28]
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(v) (b) 0
[ f(x) = (x – 3)2 + 5 = x2 – 6x + 9 + 5 = x2 – 6x + 14
Now, D = b2 – 4ac = (– 6)2 – 4(1)(14) = 36 – 56 = – 20 < 0
 No real root exist]
Sol. 20. Case Study Based-4 : (i) (a) 53.2
6 × 10  30 × 8  50 × 15  70 × 14  90 × 7
[Mean = 6 + 8 +15 + 14 +7
60+240+750+980+630 2660
=   53.2]
50 50
(ii) (b) 40
[Here, highest frequency is 15 and class interval corresponding to 15 is 40–60, thus
40 – 60 is the modal class]
(iii) (c) Median [ Median is the middle most term i.e.,  N  th term]
2
(iv) (d) 120 [Here, 40 – 60 is the modal class as well as median class i.e., 25th term.
Hence, sum of upper limits of modal and median classes = 60 + 60 = 120]
(v) (a) 29
[Number of students finished the race within 1 minute = 6 + 8 + 15 = 29]
PART-B
Sol. 21. Find the LCM of 4, 12 and 20.
4 = 22
12 = 22× 3
20 = 22 × 5
LCM of 4, 12 and 20 = 22 × 3 × 5 = 60
Thus, the three alarm clocks will ring together next after 60 minutes or 1 hour i.e., at 6 am.
Sol. 22. Mid-point of MN is
3k 46
P(x, y) = P  ,
 2 2 
1:1
= P  3  k , 5 
M P N
 2  (3, 4) (x, y) (k, 6)
3k 
Since P  , 5  lies on the line x + y – 10 = 0
 2 
3k
 + 5 – 10 = 0
2
 3+k =2×5  k = 10 – 3 = 7
Hence, the value of k is 7.
Or
Let P(x, 0) be a point on x-axis equidistant from A(2, –5) and B(–2, 9).
 |AP|2 = |BP|2
(x – 2)2 + (0 + 5)2 = (x + 2)2 + (0 – 9)2
x2 – 4x + 4 + 25 = x2 + 4x + 4 + 81
8x = – 56
x =–7
Hence, the required point is (–7, 0).
b 5 c 1
Sol. 23. Here,    = =  and  = =
a 2 a 2
5 1 4
Now,  +  +  = –    2
2 2 2
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Sol. 24. Given : A circle of radius 3 cm and a point P, 5 cm away

T
from its centre.
A
Required : A pair of tangents.
3
Steps of Construction :
cm
1. Draw a circle C(O, r) with centre O and radius 3 cm. P M 5 cm
O
2. Take a point P, such that OP = 5 cm.
3. Draw AB, the perpendicular bisector of OP and let it B
intersect OP in M. T
4. With M as centre and PM or OM as radius, draw another
circle intersecting the given circle in T and T.
5. Join PT and PT.
Thus, PT and PT are the required tangents from point P to the circle C(O, r).
6 3
Sol. 25. cos A = 0.6 = 
10 5
9 16 4
sin2A = 1 – cos2A = 1 –   sin A =
25 25 5
4
sin A 5 4
tan A =  
cos A 3 3
5
4 4
Now, 3 tan A – 5 sin A = 3 ×
–5× =4–4=0
3 5
Or
*Q. If x = a cos  and y = b sin a, then find the value of b2x2 + a2y2.
x = a cos   x2 = a2 cos2
y = b sin   y2 = b2 sin2 
Now, b2x2 + a2y2 = b2(a2cos2) + a2(b2sin2)
= a2b2(cos2 + sin2)
= a2b2
Sol. 26. We know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are of equal lengths.
 AE = AH  x = 4 – x  2x = 4  x=2
DH = AD – AH = 5 – 2 = 3
CF = CG  2y – 3 = y  2y – y = 3  y = 3
Now, DC = DG + GC = 3 + 3 = 6 cm.
2 3
Sol. 27. Let be a rational number.. B
5
E
a 2 3 x
 = , b 0, a and b Z A
b 5
(4 – x)
5a
= 2 3
13 cm
b
H
5 cm
5a
– 2= 3 F
b
3)
5a  2b Integer
( 2y –
= 3 ; = 3
b Integer D
y C
G
Rational = 3
But, it is given that 3 is an irrational number..
Thus, our supposition is wrong.
2 3
Hence, is an irrational number..
5
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Sol. 28. Here, x = 1 is one of the root of the quadratic equation 3x2 – kx + 7 = 0
 3(1)2 – k(1) + 7 = 0  3–k+7=0  k = 10
Given quadratic equation is
3x2 – 10x + 7 = 0
3x2 – 3x – 7x + 7 = 0
3x (x – 1) – 7(x – 1) = 0
(x – 1)(3x – 7) = 0
7
 x = 1 and x =
3
7
Hence, value of k is 10 and other root of the equation is .
3
Or
Given quadratic equation is :
x2 – p(x + 1) – c = 0 or x2 – px – p – c = 0
Now,  +  = p and  = – p – c
Also, ( + 1)( + 1) = 0 (given)
 +  +  + 1 = 0
–p–c+p+1 =0
–c+1 =0
 c =1
Sol. 29. * In first line  With the three corners of the field a cow ...
15+16+17 48
Here, s = = =24
2 2
Area of the triangular field = 24(24  15)(24  16)(24  17)
= 24 × 9 × 8 × 7  24 21 m 2
180 22
Area of the field grazed by three animals = × × 7 × 7  77 m 2
360 7
Hence, the area of the triangular field not grazed by the three animals = (24 21  77) m2
Sol. 30. Since ABC is an equilateral. A
 AB = BC = CA = x (say)
1 x 3x
Also, BE = BC = and EC =
4 4 4
1 x
AL  BC  BL = BC = B L C
2 2 E
[ in equilateral triangle, perpendicular from the vertex, bisects the opposite side]
In rt. angled AEL, L = 90°
AE2 = AL2 + EL2
= AB2 – BL2 + EL2
[ in ABL, L = 90°, AL2 = AB2 – BL2]
2 2
x x x
= x2 –      [ EL = ]
 2 4 4
x2 x2
= x2 – 
4 16
16AE2 = 16x2 – 4x2 + x2
= 13x2
16AE2 = 13AB2 [ x = AB]
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Or
In ABC, P and Q are points on AB and AC
AP 3 1 AQ 5 1
 =  and  
PB 6 2 QC 10 2 A
5c
3c
AQ
m
AP
 = P Q
PB QC
10
6c
 PQ  BC
cm
 APQ ~ ABC
B C
BC AB 3  6 9
 =   3
PQ AP 3 3
 BC = 3PQ
Sol. 31. Classes Frequency ( fi ) Class Marks (xi ) fi xi
06 10 3 30
6  12 p 9 9p
12  18 4 15 60
18  24 7 21 147
24  30 q 27 27q
30  36 4 33 132
36  42 1 39 39
Total 40 9 p  27q  408
Here, p + q + 26 = 40
p + q = 40 – 26 = 14  p = 14 – q ...(i)
fi xi
Mean = f
i
9 p + 27q + 408
14.7 =
40
588 = 9p + 27q + 408
588 – 408 = 9p + 27q
180 = 9{14 – q + 3q] [using (i)]
20 = 14 + 2q
20  14 6
q =  3
2 2
From (i), p = 14 – 3 = 11
Hence, p = 11 and q = 3.
Sol. 32. Let AB be the tower of height h m, P and Q be the two points in line with the foot of the
tower AB, such that
APB = and AQB =  A
 
Consider rt. angled QBA,
AB
= tan 
QB
QB = AB. 1 hm
tan
= AB cot  ...(i)
Again, consider rt. angled PBA,  
AB P Q B
= tan 
PB
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AB
PQ + QB = tan 
1
 PQ + QB = AB.
tan 
= AB cot  ...(ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we obtain
PQ = AB cot  – AB cot 
PQ = AB (cot  – cot )
PQ = h(cot  – cot )
Sol. 33. Class 0 – 20 20 – 40 40 – 60 60 – 80 80 – 100 100 – 120
Frequency 6 8 f1 12 6 5
Here, mode = 65. Also, 6, 8, f1 and 12 are frequencies in ascending order.
 Modal class is 60 – 80, as it has maximum frequency.
 f1  f0   12  f1 
Now, Mode = l   h  65 = 60     20
 2 f1  f0  f2   2  12  f1  6 
12  f1
 65 – 60 =  20  5(18 – f1) = 240 – 20f1 90 – 240= 5f1 – 20f1
18  f1
 –150 = –15f1  f1 = 10
Hence, the value of f1 is 10.
1
Sol. 34. Volume of conical vessel =  × 20 × 20 × 24 cm 3
3
Water collected per minute through cylindrical pipe =  × 1 × 1 × 1000

4 4
1
 × 20 × 20 × 24
3
Time required to fill conical vessel = 1 1
 × × × 1000
4 4
20 × 20 × 24 × 4 × 4
=
3 × 1000
= 51.2 min or 51 min 12 sec.
Sol. 35. Let the speed of the boat in still water be x km/h and the speed of the stream be y km/h.
According to the statement, we obtain
30 44
 = 10 ...(i)
xy xy
40 55
 = 13 ...(ii)
xy xy
1 1
Put = p and = q.
xy xy
 30p + 44q = 10 ...(iii)
40p + 55q = 13 ...(iv)
Multiplying (iii) by 4 and (iv) by 3, we have
120p + 176q = 40
120p + 165q = 39
Subtracting above two equations, we obtain
11q = 1
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1
 q =
11
1 1
 = x + y = 11
xy 11
...(v)
From (iii), we obtain
1
30p + 44 × = 10
11
30p + 4 = 10 30p = 6
6 1
 p = 
30 5
1 1
 x – y = 5
 ...(vi)
xy 5
Adding (v) and (vi), we have
2x = 16
x =8
From (v), we have
8 + y = 11
 y = 11 – 8 = 3.
Hence, the speed of the stream is 3 km/h and that of the boat in still water is 8 km/h.
Sol. 36. Let C and F be the two positions of the balloon. Let AB be the height of the girl, such that
AB = DE = GH = 1.2 m
CAG = 60°, FAG = 30°
Now, CD = FG = 88.2 – 1.2 = 87 m
Consider a rt. angled ADC, D = 90°, CAD = 60°, we have
CD 87
= tan 60°   3
AD AD
87
 AD = m ...(i)
3
C F
87 m
88·2 m
60°
30° D
A G
1·2 m 1·2 m
B E H
Again, consider a rt. angled AGF,

G = 90°, FAG = 30°, we have
FG
= tan 30°
AG
87 1
 =
AG 3
 AG = 87 3 m ...(ii)
Thus, EH = DG = AG – AD
87
= 87 3  [using (i) and (ii)]
3

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87  3  87 174 3
= = 
3 3 3
174
=  3 = 58 3 m
3
Hence, distance travelled by the balloon during the interval is 58 3 m.
Or
Let us consider the height of the tower PQ be h m.
Let X and Y respectively denote the initial and second point of observation.
Here, QXP = 60°, QYR = 45° and Q
(h – 40) m
XY = PR = 40 m
Consider a rt. angled QXP,
45°
PQ Y
R
= tan 60°
XP
h hm
 = 3 h = 3 XP m ...(i)
XP
40 m
Again, consider a rt. angled QYR, 40 m
QR
= tan 45°
YR 60°
h – 40
=1 X P
XP
 h – 40 = XP
 h = 40 + XP ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have
40 + XP = 3 XP
 ( 3 – 1)XP = 40
40
 XP =
3 1
40 3 1
 XP = 
3 1 3 1
= 20( 3  1)m
= 20(1.73 + 1)
= 54.6 m.
From eqn. (i), we obtain
h= 3 {20( 3  1)}
= 20(3  3)m
= 20 (3 + 1.73) = 94.6 m
Hence, the height of the tower is 94.6 m and the distance of the tower and the first point of
observation i.e., XP is 54.6 m.
vvvvv

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Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. We know that
LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers
LCM × 50 = 2500
2500
LCM of p, q = = 50
50
Or
34567 34567 23 276536 276536
 ×    27.6536
1250 2 × 54 23 (2 × 5)4 10000
34567
will terminate after four places of decimals.
1250
Sol. 2. Here, p(x) = ax2 + 2x + 3a
b 2 c 3a
Sum of zeroes =  , product of zeroes =  3
a a a a
According to the statement, we have
2 2
3  a=
a 3
Sol. 3. Given pair of linear equations is :
px + qy = 4 ...(i) and 4x + 3y = 5 ...(ii)
For coincident lines, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b2 c 2
p q 4 16 12
 = =  p= and q =
4 3 5 5 5
16 12 48  12 60
Now, 3p + q = 3 ×     12
5 5 5 5
Sol. 4. Let ` x and ` y be certain fixed salary and fixed incriment respectively.
 x + 4y = 19250 and x + 10y = 23000
Which are the required linear equations.
Sol. 5. Here, a = 7 and an = 49, Sn = 420
a + (n – 1)d = an
7 + (n – 1)d = 49
(n – 1)d = 49 – 7 = 42 ...(i)
n
Also, [2a + (n – 1)d] = Sn
2
n
[2 × 7 + (n – 1)d] = 420
2
n[14 + 42] = 420 × 2 [using (i)]
56n = 840
840
n = = 15
56
From (i), we have
(15 – 1)d = 42
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S E RI E S
42
d = 3
14
Or
Here, a= 103, d = 101 – 103 = – 2, an = 49
a + (n – 1)d = an
103 + (n – 1)(– 2) = 49
–2n + 2 = 49 – 103
–2n = – 56
n = 28
n
Now, Sn = [a + l]
2
28
S28 = [103 + 49]
2
= 14 × 152 = 2128
Sol. 6. Given equation is : 2x2 + kx + 3 = 0
For equal roots, we have
b2 – 4ac = 0
k2 – 4(2)(3) = 0
k2 = 24
k =  24 =  2 6
Sol. 7. 2x2  7x  5 2 = 0
2 x 2  2x  5 x  5 2 = 0
2 x (x  2)  5( x  2) = 0
(x  2)( 2 x  5) = 0
5
 x = – 2 and x = 
2
Or
Given equation is :x2 – 4x + a = 0
For real and distinct roots, we have
b2 – 4ac > 0
2
(– 4) – 4(1)(a) > 0  16 > 4a  4>a
Hence, a < 4.
 AP = AR, BP = BQ and CQ = CR ...(i)
Now, perimeter of ABC = AB + BC + CA
= AP + PB + BQ + CQ + CR + AR
= AP + BP + BP + CQ + CQ + AP [using (i)]
= 2AP + 2BP + 2CQ
= 2{(AP + BP) + CQ}
= 2{AB + CQ}
= 2 × 8 = 16 cm
Sol. 9. In rt. angled ABO, B = 90°
 AB2 + OB2 = AO2 O
42 + OB2 = 52
m
OB2 = 25 – 16 = 9 5c r
OB = 3
A 4 cm B
Hence, radius of the circle is 3 cm.
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Or
POB + POA = 180° [a linear pair]
115° + POA = 180°
POA = 180° – 115° = 65°
We know that line drawn through the centre to the point of contact is perpendicular
 OAP = 90°
Now, in OAP, we have
OAP + APO + POA = 180°
90° + APO + 65° = 180°
APO = 180° – 90° – 65°
APO = 25°
Sol. 10. In ABC, DE  BC
AD AE
 =
DB EC
1.5 1
=
3 EC
3
EC =  2 cm
1.5
Sol. 11. We know that,
Angle between radii + Angle between tangents = 180°
Angle between radii + 35° = 180°
Angle between radii = 180° – 35° = 145°
Sol. 12. Here, cos A + sin B = 2
cos 45° + sin B = 2
1
 sin B = 2
2
1 2 1 1
sin B = 2    sin 45
2 2 2
B = 45°
Sol. 13. Here, x = 2sec2 and y = 2tan2 – 1
Now, x – y = 2sec2 – 2tan2 + 1
= 2(sec2 – tan2) + 1
= 2(1) + 1 = 3

Sol. 14. Length of the arc = × 2r
360
90 22
= × 2× × 35  55 cm
360 7
Sol. 15. Volume of right circular cylinder = Volume of metallic sphere
4
×6×6×h =  × 4.2 × 4.2 × 4.2
3
4 × 4.2 × 4.2 × 4.2
h = 3×6×6 = 2.744 cm
Sol. 16. Sample space = {HH, HT, TH, TT} ; 4 outcomes only.
Exactly one head = {HT, TH} ; 2 outcomes only
2 1
 Required probability = 
4 2
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Or
Total number of playing cards = 52
Total number of black king = 2
2 1
Required probability = 
52 26
SECTION – II
(i) (d) 77 [Here, highest frequency is 136 and class corresponding
to it is 64 – 77. Upper limit of modal class 64 – 77 is 77]
(ii) (b) 141 [Here, n = 200 and n/2 = 100. Class corresponding to c.f.
100 is 64 – 77, so it is median class and modal class is also
64 – 77. Required sum = 64 + 77 = 141]
(iii) (c) 32 [Number of qualified students = 5 + 27= 32]
82
(iv) (a) 164 [82% of total students (200) = × 200  164]
100
(v) (c) Median
5   1 +4 1 +1  5 
(i) (c)  , 1  [Mid-point of A(1, 1) and B(4, 1) =  2 , 2  i.e.,  2 , 1 ]
2     
(ii) (a) 4
[Coordinates of G are (4, 4), therefore, its distance from x-axis is 4 units (ordinate of G)]
(iii) (c) 41
[Distance between F(2, 5) and C(7, 1) = (7  2)2  (1  5)2  25  16  41]
(iv) (d) 2x – 7 = 0
[Here, (x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = (x – 5)2 + (y – 3)2  x2 – 4x + 4 = x2 – 10x + 25
 6x – 21 = 0 or 2x – 7 = 0]
(v) (b) (3, 2)
54 24  9 6 1:2
[ ,  i.e.,  ,  i.e., (3, 2) ]
 3 3  3 3 L M
(2, 2) (5, 2)
d 64 16 × 64
(i) (b) 51.2 m [Here,   d=  51.2 m]
16 20 20
(ii) (c) 16 m
Height of tree 1 40
[Here,   Height of tree =  16 m]
40 2.5 2.5
h 6
(iii) (a) 4.5 m [Here,   h = 1.5 × 3 = 4.5 m]
1.5 2
(iv) (b) Their altitudes have a ratio 1 : 3
AB 1
[ABC ~DEF and 
DE 3
AB BC AC 1
 A = D, B = E, C = F ; = = =
DE EF DF 3
In ABM and DEN
B = E and M = N = 90° D
ABM ~ DEN A
AM AB 1
 = = ]
DN DE 3
(v) (c) Pythagoras B M C E N F

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(i) (b) x-axis
(ii) (c) (1, 4) [p(x) = x2 – 5x + 4 = x2 – x – 4x + 4 = (x – 1)(x – 4)  x = 1 and x = 4]
(iii) (d) x2 + 3x
[Here, sum of zeroes = 0 + (– 3) = – 3, product of zeroes = (0) (– 3) = 0
Required polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – (–3)x + 0 = x2 + 3x]
(iv) (a) 2
[Graph of polynomial p(x) = x2 + 3x – 2, intersect x-axis at two points]
(v) (b) – 3 [Put x = 0 in p(x) = x2 – 2x – 3, we have p(0) = (0)2 – 2(0) – 3 = – 3]
PART-B
Sol. 21. Time duration is the LCM of 18 minutes and 12 minutes
18 = 2 × 32
12 = 22 × 3
LCM of 18 and 12 = 22 × 32 = 4 × 9 = 36 minutes
Hence, they will meet again at the starting point after 36 minutes.
Sol. 22. Coordinates of P are :
 3  2 4  4  i.e., P  1 , 0  1:2
P , 
 1 2 1 2   3 
A P B
(1, –2) (–3, 4)
Coordinates of Q are :
 6  1 8  2   5 
Q ,  i.e., Q  , 2  2:1
 1 2 1 2   3 
A Q B
Or (1, –2) ( –3, 4)
|LM| = |NM|
LM2 = NM2
(x – 5)2 + (y – 1)2 = (x + 1)2 + (y – 5)2
x2 – 10x + 25 + y2 – 2y + 1 = x2 + 2x + 1+ y2 – 10y + 25
– 12x + 8y =0 or 12x = 8y
or 3x = 2y
Sol. 23. Given that :
4x2 – 3x – 5 = 0
3 5
x2 – x =0
4 4
3 5
x2 – 2 × x– =0
8 4
2 2
 3  3  3 5
x2 –2   (x)       =0
 8   8   8  4
2
 3 3 5 3  80 83
x   =   
 8  64 4 64 64
3 83
x =
8 8

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S E RI E S
3 83 3  83
x =  
8 8 8
3
.
Hence, the number added and subtracted is
64
Sol. 24. Given : Two circles of radii 4 cm and 3 cm with A and B as their centres which are 9 cm apart.
Required : Tangents from their centres to the other circle.
1. Draw a line segment AB = 9 cm.
2. With A as centre, draw a circle of radius 4 cm and let it intersect the line segment AB in M.
3. With B as centre, draw a circle of radius 3 cm.
4. With M as centre, draw a circle of radius AM and let it intersect the given two circles in P, Q
and R, S.
5. Join AP, AQ, BR and BS.
Thus, AP, AQ, BR and BS are the required tangents.
R
P
4 cm 3 cm
A B
M 9 cm
Q
S
Sol. 25. cosec A = 2

1 1
2  sin A = = sin 30°  A = 30°
sin A 2
1 sin A 1 sin 30

Now,  = 
tan A 1  cos A tan 30 1  cos 30
1
2 1
= 3 = 3
3 2 3
1
2
2 3  31 2 3 4
= =
2 3 2 3
2( 3  2)
= = 2
(2  3)
Or
7 sin2 
+3 cos2
 4 =
 4 sin2  + 3 sin2  + 3 cos2  4 =
 4 sin2  + 3 (sin2  + cos2 ) 4 =
 4 sin2 + 3 4 =
 4 sin2  =
4–3=1
1
 sin2  =
4
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S E RI E S
1
 sin  = = sin 30°
2
Hence,  = 30°
Sol. 26. Join OQ and OR
ROQ + P = 180°
[ OQ  PQ and OR  PR]
ROQ = 180° – P = 180° – 30° = 150° S R
1 1 O
S = ROQ = × 150° = 75°
2 2
Also, RQP = S = 75° 30°
[angle in corresponding alt. segment] Q P
SR  QP  R = RQP = 75°
Now, in SQR, S + R + RQS = 180°
RQS = 180° – S – R = 180° – 75° – 75° = 180° – 150° = 30°
a
Sol. 27. Let 3  2 5 be a rational number i.e., it can be expressed as , where a and b both are
b
integers and b  0.
a
32 5 = b
a  3b
2 5 = b
a  3b Integer
5 = =
2b Integer
5 = rational
But, it is given that 5 is an irrational number..
Thus, our supposition is wrong.
Hence, 3  2 5 is irrational.
Sol. 28. Given quadratic equation is
x2 – 5x + k = 0
One root of this equation is 4
 (4)2 – 5(4) + k = 0
 16 – 20 + k = 0  k=4
Now, x 2 – 5x + 4 =0
2
x – 4x – x + 4 = 0
x(x – 4) – 1(x – 4) =0
(x – 4)(x – 1) =
0
 x =
4 and x = 1
Hence, the value of k is 4 and otherroot is 1.
Or
Given quadratic equation is x2 + px – q = 0
p and q are its roots
 p+q =–p and pq = – q
2p + q = 0 and p =–1
2(–1) + q = 0  q =2
Hence, the values of p and q are p = – 1 and q = 2.
Sol. 29. Here, side of the square ABCD = 12 cm
Since P, Q, R and S are the mid-points of AB, BC, CD and DA
12
 AP = PB = BQ = QC = CR = RD = DS = SA = = 6 cm
2

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S E RI E S
Area of the shaded region = Area of square ABCD – 4 × Area of quadrant APS
1
= 12 × 12 – 4 × × 3.14 × 6 × 6
4
= 144 – 113.04
= 30.96 cm2
Hence, area of the shaded region is 30.96 cm2.
Sol. 30. We have AED = 90°
 ADE < 90° and ADC > 90°
i.e., ADE is acute and ADC is obtuse
In ADC, ADC is an obtuse angle
 AC2 = AD2 + DC2 + 2DC.DE
BC 2 BC
= AD2 + + 2. . DE
4 2
BC 2
AC2 = AD2 + + BC.DE ...(i)
4
In ABD, ADE is an acute angle
 AB2 = AD2 + BD2 – 2BD.DE
BC 2 BC
= AD2 +  2. .DE
4 2
BC 2
AB2 = AD2 +  BC.DE ...(ii)
4
Adding (i) and (ii), we obtain
BC 2
AC2 + AB2 = 2AD2 +
2
Or
In AEB and DEC
A = D = 90° (given)
AEB = DEC (vertically opposite angles)
By using AA similarity criterion, we have D
AEB ~ DEC A
AE BE E
 =
ED EC
AE.EC = BE.ED B C
Sol. 31. Variable Frequency c. f .

10  20 12 12
20  30 30 42
30  40 f1 42  f1
40  50 65 107  f1
50  60 f2 107  f1  f2
60  70 25 132  f1  f2
70  80 18 150  f1  f2
Total 228
Here, median is 46.

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 Median class is 40–50
N 228
l = 40,   114, c.f. = 42 + f1, h = 10, f = 65
2 2
N 
 2  c. f . 
Median = l +  ×h
 f 
 114  42  f1 
46 = 40 +   × 10
 65 
6 × 65 = 720 – 10f1
10f1 = 720 – 390 = 330
f 1 = 33
Also, 150 + f1 + f2 = 228
150 + 33 + f2 = 228
f 2 = 228 – 183 = 45
Hence, the missing frequencies f1 and f2 are 33 and 45.
Sol. 32. Let AB and CD be the two poles of heights h m and 2h m respectively, such that
AMB = , CMD = 90° – , BD = 120 m C
Let BM = 60 m, MD = 60 m
In rt. angled ABM
AB
= tan  A
BM 2h
h h
= tan  (i)
60  90° – 
In rt. angled CDM
B 60 m M 60 m D
CD 120 m
= tan (90° – )
MD
2h
= cot  ...(ii)
60
Multiplying (i) and (ii), we have
h 2h
× = tan .cot 
60 60
h 2 = 1800
h = 1800  30 2 m
Hence, the height of two poles are 30 2 m and 60 2 m.

Sol. 33.
Classes Frequency ( fi ) Class Marks (xi ) fi xi
0  20 12 10 120
20  40 15 30 450
40  60 32 50 1600
60  80 p 70 70 p
80  100 13 90 1170
Total 72  p 3340  70 p
fi xi
Mean = f
i
3340  70 p
53 =
72  p
53(72+ p) = 3340 + 70p
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S E RI E S
3816 + 53p = 3340 + 70p

70p – 53p = 3816 – 3340
17p = 476
476
p =
17
p = 28
Hence, the missing frequency is 28.
Sol. 34. Let AB be the pole of height 5 m and CD be the ladder, such that CDB = 60°,
CB = 5 – 1.3 = 3.7 m A
In rt. angled DBC 1.3 m
C
CB
= tan 60° = 3
DB
5m
3.7 m
3.7
= DB
3
60°
3.7 × 3 D B
DB = = 1.23 3 m
3
CB 3
Also, = sin 60° =
CD 2
3.7 3 2 7.4 3
=  CD = 3.7 ×   2.47 3 m
CD 2 3 3
Hence, length of the ladder is 2.47 3 m and distance between the foot of the ladder and
pole is 1.23 3 m.
Or
Let A be the position of the man and CD be the cliff of height h m.
CAE = 60°, EAD = ADB = 30°, AB = ED = 12 m C
In rt. angled AED
ED 1
(h –12) m
= tan 30° =
AE 3
12 3 = AE
(hm)
In rt. angled AEC
CE
= tan 60° 60°
AE A E
30°
h  12 12 m 12 m
= 3
12 3 30°
B D
h – 12 = 36
h = 36 + 12 = 48
Hence, distance of the cliff from the ship is 12 3 m and height of the cliff is 48 m.
Sol. 35. Let r be the internal radius of the pipe.
 Volume of water collected per hour = r2 × 2520 m3
40 40
Volume of water in cylindrical tank =  × × × 3.15 m3
100 100
According to the statement of the question, we have
1 4 4
× r 2 × 2520 =  × × × 3.15
2 10 10

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4 4 2
r2 = × × 3.15 ×
10 10 2520
4 4 315 2
= × × ×  0.0004
10 10 100 2520
r = 0.004  0.02 m = 2 cm
Hence, diameter of the cylindrical pipe is 4 cm.
Sol. 36. Let the speed of a car which starts from the point A be x km/h and the speed of the car which
starts from the point B be y km/h.
Case I. When the cars travel in the same direction at constant speeds, then
x km/h y km/h
A 150 km B C
Let the two cars meet at point C after 15 hours.

 AC = 15x and BC = 15y
Also, AC – BC = 150
 15x – 15y = 150
or x – y = 10 ...(i)
Case II. When the cars travel in opposite direction at constant speeds, then
x km/h y km/h
A D B
Let the two cars meet at point D after one hour
AD = x and BD = y
Also, AD + BD = AB
x + y = 150 ...(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we have
2x = 160  x = 80
From eq. (ii), we obtain
80 + y = 150
y = 150 – 80 = 70
Hence, the speeds of two cars are 80 km/h and 70 km/h.
vvvvv

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Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Since 3000 and 525 both are divisible by 3, 5, 15, 25 and 75, therefore, HCF of 3000 and
525 is the LCM of 3, 5, 15, 25 and 75.
Now, 75 is divisible by all 3, 5, 15 and 25
Thus, LCM of 3, 5, 15, 25 and 75 is 75
Hence, HCF of 3000 and 525 is 75.
Or
5824 91  64 64 64
   or 6.4
910 91  10 10 2  5
Hence, terminating as denominator is of the form 2m × 2n.
Sol. 2. Here, one zero of the given polynomial is negative of the other.
b 3k  1
  + (–) = 
a 2
3k  1 1
 0 =  k .
2 3
Sol. 3. For parallel lines, we have
a1 b1 c
=  1
a2 b2 c 2
3p  1 3 2
 2
= 
p 1 p  2 5
 3p2 + p – 6p – 2 = 3p2 + 3
 –5p = 5
 p = –1
Sol. 4. Let x years and y years be the ages of father and his son respectively.
 x + 2y = 70 and
2x + y = 95
Which are the required algebraic form of the given situation.
Sol. 5. a + (n – 1)d = an
1 + (n – 1)d = 20
(n – 1)d = 19 ...(i)
n
[2a + (n – 1)d] = Sn
2
n
[2 × 1 + 19] = 399 [using (i)]
2
n
× 21 = 399
2
2
n = 399  = 38
21

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S E RI E S
Or
Here, a = 40, d = 36 – 40 = – 4 and an = – 44
a + (n – 1)d = an
40 + (n – 1) (– 4) = – 44
 44  40 84
n–1 =   21
4 4
n = 21 + 1 = 22
Hence, 22nd term of the given A.P. is –44.
Sol. 6. Discriminant = b2 – 4ac
1
= (–2)2 – 4 × 3 × =4–4=0
3
Sol. 7. 3x2 + 7x + 2 = 0
3x2 + 6x + x + 2 = 0
3x(x + 2) + 1(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2) (3x + 1) = 0
1
 x = –2 and x =  .
3
Or
kx(x – 2) + 6 = 0
kx2 – 2kx + 6 = 0
For no real root, we have
b2 – 4ac < 0 [D < 0]
2
(–2k) – 4(k)(6) < 0
4k2 – 24k < 0
4k(k – 6) < 0
 k < 6.
Sol. 8. We know that tangents drawn through an external point to a circle are of equal length.
 AP = AR, BP = BQ = r (radius)
and CR = CQ
A
In rt. angled ABC
AB = AC 2  BC 2  172  152 R
= 289  225  64  8 cm r O
P
AP = AR = 8 – r, CQ = CR = 15 – r r
Also, AR + CR = AC
B Q C
8 – r + 15 – r = 17
2r = 23 – 17 = 6 r = 3
Hence, radius of the required circle is 3 cm.
Sol. 9. BAT = BCA [ angles in the corresponding alternate segment are equal]
BAT = 55°
Or
Here, in rt. angled PQA, Q = 90°
A
AQ m
 = sin 30° 5c 3 cm
PA
30°
P 30° Q O
1
AQ = PA sin 30° = 5 × = 2.5 cm
2
Similarly, QB = 2.5 cm B
And AB = AQ + QB = 2.5 + 2.5 = 5 cm.

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S E RI E S
Sol. 10. In PQR, AB QR

P
PA PB
 =
PQ PR
5 PB
= A B
12.5 10
5  10
PB =
12.5 Q R
PB = 4 cm
Sol. 11. Minimum number of points = 5 + 7 = 12.
Sol. 12. Here, tan A tan B = 1 and A = 30°
tan 30° tan B = 1
1
tan B = 1
3
tan B = 3  tan 60

 B = 60°
Sol. 13. Here, x = 3 sin  and y = 4 cos 
x2= 9 sin2 and y2 = 16 cos2 
Now, 16 x 2  9 y 2 = 16  9 sin 2   9  16 cos 2 
= 144(sin 2   cos 2 )
= 144 [ sin2  + cos2  = 1]

= 12
Sol. 14. Here, radius of semicircle = 6 – 4 = 2 cm
 Area of shaded region = Area of rectangle + Area of semicircle
1
=8×4+ × × 2 × 2
2
= (32 + 2) cm2
4
333
Sol. 15. Number of small spherical balls = 3 = 1000
4
  0.3  0.3  0.3
3
Sol. 16. Total number of coins in the piggy bank = 100 + 50 + 20 + 10 = 180
Total number of coins other than ` 5 = 180 – 10 = 170
170 17
 Required probability = 
180 18
Or
Total number of outcomes = 6
Total number of outcomes of getting B or C = 3
3 1
 Required probability =  .
6 2
SECTION – II
(i) (c) AA similarity criterion
(ii) (b) Converse of Pythagoras theorem
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(iii) (b) 5 : 7 A
AB BC CA
[Here, ABC ~ DEF B = E and  
DE EF FD
B Q C
AB BQ  QC BQ  BQ 2BQ BQ
    
DE EP  PF EP  EP 2EP EP
D
Now, in ABQ and DEP
AB BQ
 and B = E  ABQ ~DEP
DE EP
AQ AB 5
   ] P
F
DP DE 7 E
(iv) (d) 21 cm
[Since SKY ~ LMN
Perimeter of LMN LM
 =
Perimeter of SKY SK
16 6.4
=
Perimeter of SKY 8.4
16  8.4
Perimeter of SKY = = 21 cm]
6.4
(v) (b) 60 m
[In ABC and DEF
A
B = E = 90°
C = F [angle of elevation of the Sun] P
12 m
O
 ABC ~ DEF L
E D
AD BC
 =
DE EF B 5m C
T
12 5 O
h
= W
h 25 E
R
h = 12 × 5 = 60 m]
Sol. 18. Case Study Based-2 : E 25 m F
(i) (c) (3, 2)
 2  4 2  2
[Coordinates of the mid-point of J(2, 2) and K(4, 2) =  ,  = (3, 2)]
 2 2 
(ii) (b) 3 units
[Coordinates of G are G(3, 4) and its distance from y-axis is x-coordinate of (3, 4)
= 3 units]
(iii) (a) 65
[Distance between O(0, 0) and R(7, 4) = 72  4 2  49  16  65 units]
 23 
(iv) *Replace option (a)  , 3  with option (a)  13 , 3 
 10   8 
 3  
 13   5  2 3  9   13  1:3
(a)
 8 , 3   1  3 , 1  3    8 , 3  H
1, 3
E
(5, 3)
    
2
(v) (d) 28 sq. units
[Area of rectangle OQRP = 7 × 4 = 28 sq. units]

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(i) (a) parabola
(ii) (b) (– 4, 0)
[For zeroes of x2 + 4x, put x2 + 4x = 0  x(x + 4) = 0 x = 0, – 4]
(iii) (c) 3
[p(x) = x2 – x – 6 = (x – 3) (x + 2), then zeroes of p(x) are 3 and –2]
(iv) (b) intersects x-axis
(v) (d) 3
[Graph of given polynomial y = g(x) intersects the x-axis at three points]
* Replace table with :
Rainfall (in cm) 0  10 10  20 20  30 30  40 40  50 50  60
No. of Days 15 9 20 14 5 3
(i) * Replace option (b) 18.79 cm with option (b) 24.09 cm
5  15  9  15  20  25  14  35  5  45  3  55
(b) 24.09 cm [Mean 
15  9  20  14  5  3
1590
  24.09]
66
(ii) (c) 24.5 cm
 33  24 
[Median = 20 +  × 10 = 20 + 4.5 = 24.5 cm]
 20 
(iii) (d) 50
[Median class is 20 – 30 and modal classs is 20 – 30.
Sum of upper limit and lower limit = 20 + 30 = 50]
(iv) (b) 20 [Lower limit of modal class 20 – 30 is 20]
(v) (a) Mode
PART-B
Sol. 21. Required time is the LCM of 18 and 12.
18 = 2 × 32
12 = 22 × 3
LCM of 18 and 12 = 22 × 32 = 4 × 9 = 36
Hence, after 36 minutes they will meet again at the starting point.
Sol. 22. Coordinates of P are
 24  9 14  9 
P , 
 2 3 2 3 
2:3
 15 5 
P , A B
 5 5  (–3, 3) P (12, –7)
P(3, –1)
Or
Let P(x, 0) be any point on x-axis which divides the line joining A(1, –7) and B(6, 4) in the
ratio k : 1.
 6k  1 4k  7 
 P(x, 0) = P  ,
 k  1 k  1 
4k  7
 =0
k 1 k:1
 4k – 7 = 0 A B
(1, –7) P (6, 4)
7 (x, 0)
 k =
4
Hence, the required ratio is 7 : 4.
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Sol. 23. Sum of zeroes = 2  3  2  3

S =4
Product of zeroes = (2  3) (2  3)
P =4–3=1
Required quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P
= x2 – 4x + 1.
Sol. 24. Given : A circle of radius 3 cm with centre O and two points P and Q at a distance of 7 cm
each from its centre on its extended diameter.
Required :Tangents from P and Q to the circle.
1. Draw a circle with centre O and radius = 3 cm.
A C
p q
P Q
M O N
B D
2. Mark two points P and Q on extended diameter, such that OP = OQ = 7 cm.

3. Draw the perpendicular bisectors (p and q) of OP and OQ, let they intersect OP in M and
OQ in N.
4. With M as centre and radius MP, draw a circle which intersects the given circle in A and B.
5. With N as centre and radius NQ, draw a circle which intersects the given circle in C and D.
6. Join PA, PB, QC and QD.
Thus, PA, PB, QC and QD are the required tangents.
1
Sol. 25. Here, tan A =  tan 30  A  30
3
Now, in rt. angled ABC, B = 90°
 A + B + C = 180°
30° + 90° + C = 180°
 C = 60°
Now, sin A cos C + cos A sin C = sin 30° cos 60° + cos 30° sin 60°
1 1 3 3
=   
2 2 2 2
1 3 4
=    1.
4 4 4
Or
1
sin (A – B) = = sin 30° A – B = 30° ...(i)
2
2cos (A + B) = 1
1
cos (A + B) = = cos 60° A + B = 60° ...(ii)
2
2A = 90°
 A = 45°
From (ii), we obtain
45° + B = 60°
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B = 60° – 45° = 15°
Hence, A= 45° and B = 15°.
Sol. 26. Since AB || PQR
 B = BQR [ alt. int. s are equal]
 B = 70°
Also, A = BQR [ s in the corresponding alternate
segments are equal]
 A = 70°
Now, in ABQ, we have
A + B +AQB = 180º
 70° + 70° + AQB = 180°
 AQB = 180° – 70° – 70° = 40°
Hence, AQB = 40°
Sol. 27. If possible, let us assume that 7 be a rational number..
p
 7 = , q  0, where p and q are co-prime.
q
Squaring on both sides, we have
p2
7 =
q2
 p2 = 7q2
 7 divides p2  7 divides p ...(i)
Let p = 7 × m, where m is an integer. ...(ii)
(7m) 2 = 7q2
 49m2 = 7q2
 q2 = 7m2
 7 divides q2  7 divides q
 q = 7 × n, where n is an integer. ...(iii)
From (ii) and (iii), we have 7 as a common factor of p and q.
Which contradicts the fact that p and q are co-prime.
Hence, 7 is an irrational number..
Sol. 28. 3x2 + 2x + a = 0
D = b2 – 4ac = (2)2 – 4 × 3 × a = 4 – 12a
x2 – 4x + 2 = 0
D = b2 – 4ac = (–4)2 – 4 × 1 × 2 = 16 – 8 = 8
4 – 12a = 2(8)
12a = 4 – 16 = –12
a = –1
Or
Here,  and  are the roots of quadratic equation x2 + px + q = 0
  = –p and = q
1 1    p
Also, S =   
   q
1 1 1 1
And P =   
   q
Required quadratic equation is
x2 – Sx + P = 0
p 1
 x2  x  =0 or qx2 + px + 1 = 0
q q
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Sol. 29. Area of square ABCD = 4 × 4 = 16 cm2

22 44
Area of four quadrants + Area of circle = 2r2 = 2 × ×1×1= cm2
7 7
44
 Area of shaded region = 16 
7
112  44 68
=  9.72 cm2
7 7
Sol. 30. Here, P and Q are mid-points of CA and CB
 BC = 2QC and AC = 2CP
In rt. angled ACQ
AQ2 = AC2 + CQ2
4AQ2 = 4AC2 + 4CQ2 [multiplying by 4]
4AQ2 = 4AC2 + (2QC)2 A
4AQ2 = 4AC2 + BC2 ...(i)

In rt. angled BCP P
BP2 = BC2 + CP2
4BP2 = 4BC2 + 4CP2 [multiplying by 4]
4BP2 = 4BC2 + (2CP)2
B Q C
4BP2 = 4BC2 + AC2 ...(ii)
4AQ2 + 4BP2 = 4AC2 + BC2 + 4BC2 + AC2
4(AQ2 + BP2) = 5(AC2 + BC2)
4(AQ2 + BP2) = 5AB2 [ in rt. angled ABC, AC2 + BC2 = AB2]
Or
In BMC and EMD
BMC = EMD [vert. opp. angles]
MC = MD [M is mid-point of CD]
MCB = MDE [alt. angles]
 By ASA congruence rule, we have
BMC  EMD
 BC = ED
In AEL and CBL
ALE = CLB [vert. opp. angles]
EAL = BCL [alt. angles]
By AA similarity criterion, we have
AEL ~ CBL
AE EL AL
 = 
BC BL CL
EL AE
 =
BL BC
EL AD  DE
 =
BL BC
EL BC  BC
 = [ AD = BC and DE = BC]
BL BC
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EL 2BC
 = 2
BL BC
 EL = 2BL
Sol. 31. Class Interval Frequency c.f.

0 – 10 x x
10 – 20 5 x+5
20 – 30 9 x + 14
30 – 40 12 x + 26
40 – 50 y x + y + 26
50 – 60 3 x + y + 29
60 – 70 2 x + y + 31
Total 40
Here, x + y + 31 = 40
 x+y =9 ...(i)
Median = 32.5
 30 – 40 is the median class
N 40
l = 30,  = 20, c.f. = x + 14, f = 12, h = 10
2 2
N 
 2  c. f . 
Median = l   h
 f 
 20  x  14 
32.5 = 30     10
 12
(6  x)5
2.5 =
6
15 = 30 – 5x
5x = 15 x = 3
From (i), we obtain
3 + y = 9 y = 6
Hence, the values of x and y are x = 3 and y = 6.
Sol. 32. Let AB be a tower of height h m, such that
PQ = 40 m, P = 45° and Q = 60° A
In rt. angled PBA

AB
= tan 45° = 1 AB = PB = h m
hm
PB
In rt. angled QBA
45° 60°
AB
= tan 60° = 3 P Q B
QB
AB = (PB – PQ) 3
h = (h  40) 3
3 h  h = 40 3
h( 3  1) = 40 3

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40 3 3 1 40(3  3)
h =    20(3  1.732)
3 1 3 1 2
= 20 × 4.732
h = 94.64
Hence, the height of the tower is 94.64 m.
Sol. 33. Consider the following frequency distribution table :
Marks No. of Students (fi ) Class Mark (xi ) fi xi
0 – 10 14 5 70
10 – 20 8 15 120
20 – 30 15 25 375
30 – 40 21 35 735
40 – 50 9 45 405
50 – 60 8 55 440
fi = 75  fi xi = 2145
 fi xi 2145
 Mean = X    28.6
 fi 75
Sol. 34. Volume of water collected per hour = r2h
10 10
=    6000 m3
100 100
Volume of cylindrical tank = r2h
=  × 5 × 5 × 2 m3
  5  5  2  100  100
Time required = hour
  10  10  6000
5 5  60
= hour   50 minutes.
6 6
Sol. 35. Let AB be the boy of height 1 m and CD be
the building of height 21 m, such that
AB = FG = ED = 1 m
C
CE = 20 m, A = 30°, F = 45°
In rt. angled FEC
CE
20 m
21 m
= tan 45° = 1
FE
30° F 45°
 CE = FE = 20 m A E
1m 1m 1m
B G D
CE 1
= tan 30° =
AE 3
3 CE = AF + FE
3 (20) = AF + 20
 AF = 3  20  20  20( 3  1) m
Hence, the required distance walked by the boy is 20( 3  1) m.

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Or
Let PQ be the lighthouse of height h m. A and B P
60° 45°
be the positions of two ships, such that
 3 1 hm
AB = 200   m
 3  60° 45°
A = 60° and B = 45° A Q B
In rt. angled PQB 200 3 + 1 m
3
PQ
= tan 45° = 1
QB
PQ = QB = h m ...(i)
In rt. angled PQA
PQ
= tan 60° = 3
AQ
PQ = 3 AQ
h
= AQ ...(ii)
3
Using (i) and (ii), we have
AQ + QB = AB
h  3 1
+ h = 200  
3  3 
1 3   3 1
h   = 200  
 3   3 
h = 200
Hence, the height of the lighthouse is 200 m.
Sol. 36. Let the speed of boat in still water be x km/h and speed of the stream be y km/h.
Effective speed in upward journey = (x – y) km/h
Effective speed in downward journey = (x + y) km/h
According to statement of the question, we obtain
32 36
 =7
x–y xy
40 48
and  =9
x–y xy
1 1
Put = a and = b, we have
x–y xy
32a + 36b = 7 ...(i)
40a + 48b =9 ...(ii)
Now,
4(32a + 36b) – 3(40a + 48b) =4×7–3×9
128a + 144b – 120a – 144b = 28 – 27
8a =1
1
a =
8

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S E RI E S
From (i), we have
1
32 × + 36b = 7
8
36b = 7 – 4
3 1
b = =
36 12
Again, putting the values of a and b, we obtain
1 1 1 1
= and =
x–y 8 xy 12
 x – y = 8 and x + y = 12
Adding these two equations, we have 2x = 20
 x = 10
And x + y = 12
 10 + y = 12
 y =2
Hence, the speed of boat in still water is 10 km/h and speed of the stream is 2 km/h.
vvvvv

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S E RI E S

Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Given that : a = x3y2
b = xy3, x and y are prime numbers.
 LCM (a, b) = x3y3
Or
1717 1717 2 3434 3434
2 3 = 2
 = 3 = 1000 = 3.434
3 2
2 5 2 5 (2  5)
Sol. 2. Given quadratic polynomial is 2x2 – 3x + k
Here, one zero (say ) is reciprocal of other
1 c
 ()   =
 a
k
1 = k=2
2
Sol. 3. Given linear equations are
3x + y = 1 ...(i)
and (2k – 1)x + (k – 1)y = 2k + 1 ...(ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) can be rewritten as
3x + y – 1 = 0 ...(iii)
and (2k – 1)x + (k – 1)y – (2k + 1) = 0 ...(iv)
Here, a1 = 3, b1 = 1, c1 = – 1, a2 = 2k – 1, b2 = k – 1 and c2 = – (2k + 1)
a1 3 b 1
Now, = , 1 =
a2 2k – 1 b2 k –1
c1 –1 1
and = =
c2 – (2k  1) 2k  1
For a pair of linear equations to have no solution, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b2 c2
3 1 1
 = 
2k – 1 k –1 2k  1
3 1 1 1
 = and 
2k – 1 k –1 k –1 2k  1
 3(k – 1) = 2k – 1  2k + 1  k – 1
 3k – 3 = 2k – 1  2k – k  – 1 – 1
 3k – 2k = – 1 + 3  k–2
 k =2
Hence, for the values of k = 2 and k  – 2, the given pair of linear equations have no solution.
Sol. 4. Let ` x and ` y be the cost of one pencil and one pen respectively.
 5x + 7y = 50 ... (i) and 7x + 5y = 46 ... (ii)
12x + 12y = 96
96
x+y = =8
12
x+y =8 ... (iii)
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Subtracting (i) from (ii), we have

2x – 2y = – 4  x – y = – 2 ... (iv)
Adding (iii) and (iv), we have 2x = 6  x = 3
From (iii), we have 3 + y = 8  y = 8 – 3 = 5
Hence, cost of one pencil is ` 3 and cost of one pen is ` 5.
Sol. 5. Given A.P. is 113, 108, 103, ...
Here, a = 113, d = 108 – 113 = – 5
an < 0
a + (n – 1)d < 0
113 + (n – 1) (– 5) < 0
113 – 5n + 5 < 0
118 < 5n
118 3
< n  n > 23 .
5 5
Hence, 24th term is its first negative term.
Or
Here, 7a7 = 11a11
7(a + 6d) = 11(a + 10d)
7a + 42d = 11a + 110d
4a + 68d = 0
4(a + 17d) = 0
a + (18 – 1)d = 0
 a18 = 0
b2 – 4ac = 0
{– 2(1 + 3k)}2 – 4(1) (7(3 + 2k)) = 0
1 + 9k2 + 6k – 21 – 14k = 0
9k2 – 8k – 20 = 0
2
9k – 18k + 10k – 20 = 0
9k(k – 2) + 10(k – 2) = 0
(k – 2) (9k + 10) = 0
10
 k = 2 and k = –
9
Sol. 7. 25x2 + 25x + 4 = 0
25x2 + 20x + 5x + 4 = 0
5x(5x + 4) + 1(5x + 4) = 0
(5x + 4) (5x + 1) = 0
4 1
 x = – and x = – .
5 5
Or
4 5 x2 + 7x – 3 5 = 0
Here, D = b2 – 4ac
= (7)2 – 4(4 5) (3 5)
= 49 + 240
= 269 > 0
Thus, real and distinct roots exist.
Sol. 8. AC = AB 2 +BC 2 = 8 2 +15 2
= 64  225  289  17 cm
Clearly, OPBQ is a square.
 BP = BQ = OP = OQ = r cm
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AR = AP = AB – BP = (8 – r) cm C
Also, CR = CQ = CB – BQ = 15 – r
 CR + AR = AC
 15 – r + 8 – r = 17
15 cm
 23 – 2r = 17
 – 2r = – 6
R
 r = 3 cm r O r
Q
Hence, the radius of the circle is 3 cm.
r
Sol. 9. Since OP  PR
A B
 OPR = 90° 8 cm
P
OPQ + QPR = 90°

OPQ + 50° = 90°
 OPQ = 90° – 50° = 40°
Also, in OPQ, OP = OQ = r (radii)
 OPQ = OQP = 40°
Again,
POQ + OPQ + OQP = 180º
 POQ + 40° + 40° = 180º
 POQ = 180º – 40° – 40°
= 100°
Or
Join OA, OAT = 90°.
AT
In rt. ed ATO, = cos 30°
OT
3 3
 AT = OT ×=4× = 2 3 cm
2 2
Sol. 10. We know that the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular
bisector of each other.
D
In rt. angled AOB,
AD = AO 2 + DO 2 6 cm
A C
= 8 2 + 6 2 = 64 + 36 = 100 = 10 cm 8 cm O
Hence, the length of side of rhombus is 10 cm.

Sol. 11. For two distinct tangents, point P must lie outside the circle.
 Its distance from the centre is more than radius. B
Hence, distance of P from the centre is more than 2r.

Sol. 12. Here, sin  + sin2 = 1
sin  = 1 – sin2
sin  = cos2
sin2 = cos4 [squaring both sides]
1– cos2 = cos4
1 = cos2 + cos4
Sol. 13. Given, x = 3sec2 – 1 and y = tan2 – 2
Now, x – 3y = 3sec2 – 1 – 3tan2 + 6
= 3(sec2 – tan2) + 5
= 3(1) + 5 [ sec2 = 1 + tan2  sec2 – tan2 = 1]
=8
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 14. Area of flower bed = Area of two semicircular ends + Area of middle rectangle
1 22
=2×  × 7 × 7 + 14 × (30 – 14)
2 7
= 154 + 14 × 16
= 154 + 224 = 378 m2
Sol. 15. Here, two solid hemispheres of same base radius ‘r’ are joined to form a solid sphere.
 Curved surface area of new solid is 4r2.
Sol. 16. Total number of cards = 48 i.e., from 3, 4, 5, ..., 50.
Number of perfect squares from 3 to 50 = 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49 = 6 cards
6 1
P(getting a perfect square number) = =
48 8
Or
Total number of days in the year 2000 = 366
Total number of ways in which two friends may have their birthday = 366 × 366
Number of ways in which both have same birthday = 366
366 1
Probability that both have same birthday = =
366×366 366
SECTION – II
(i) (b) (1, 5)
[For zeroes, put x2 – 6x + 5 = 0
 (x – 1) (x – 5) = 0  x = 1 and x = 5]
(ii) (d) parabolic
(iii) (c) x2 – 4x – 21
[One zero = 7 and sum of zeroes = 4   +  = 4  7 +  = 4   = – 3
Now, quadratic polynomial = x2 – ( + )x + 
= x2 – 4x – 21]
(iv) (a) 0
[p(x) = (x – 1)2 + 5 = x2 – 2x + 1 + 5 = x2 – 2x + 6
D = b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(1) (6) = 4 – 24 = – 20 < 0
 No real root exists]
(v) (a) 1
1
[Here,  × = k  k = 1]

 41
(i) (a)  10, 
 4
 17 
 9  11 12  2   20 24  17   41 
[Mid-point of BK =  ,  =  2 , 2  2  =  10, ]
 2 2     4 
(ii) (b) 5
[Distance between BC = (14  9)2  (12  12)2 = 5 2 = 5 units]
(iii) (c) 8.5 [Coordinates of K are K (11.5, 8.5)
Distance of K from x-axis = Ordinate K = 8.5 units]
7 
(iv) (b)  , 9
2
  4.5 9  36 
13 2:3
[P  2  3 , 2  3  A P I
(1.5, 12) (6.5, 4.5)
 17.5 45  7 
P  ,   P(3.5, 9) or P  , 9 ]
5 5 2 
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S E RI E S
9
(v) * Replace F  y   with F  14, 9  and option (c) 2x + 23 = 0 with (c) 2x – 23 = 0
 2  2
9
(c) 2x – 23 = 0 [(x, y) is equidistant from H  9,  and F  14, 9 
 2  2
2 2
 9  9
 (x – 9)2 +  y   = (x – 14)2 +  y  
 2  2
x2 – 18x + 81 = x2 – 28x + 196
28x – 18x + 81 – 196 =0
10x – 115 =0
2x – 23 = 0]
(i) (b) 15 cm
AB 25
[ =  AB = 5 × AB = 5 × 3 = 15 cm]
A B  5
 3
(ii) (a)  3, 
2
7.5 x x3 3
[Scale factor = = 3, =  3x – x = 3  x = ]
2.5 2.5 7.5 2
(iii) (b) They are not the mirror image of one another.
(iv) *Replace option (c) 5 m with (c) 15 m
(c) 15 cm [In BDE, G and F are mid-points of BD and BE
1 1
 GF = DE = × 30 = 15 m]
2 2
b(a  c)
(v) (d)
a
[Since KNO  KLM ( K = K and N = L = 60°)
KN KL a ac b(a  c)
=   x= ]
ON LM b x a
(i) (b) 30
N 100
[Here, N = 100 and = = 50 lies in class interval 20 – 30]
2 2
(ii) (a) 28.1
5  12  15  15  25  24  35  28  45  21 2810
[Mean = = = 28.1]
100 100
(iii) (d) centered at the class marks of the classes
(iv) (c) 60
[Here, 30 – 40 is modal class and 20 – 30 is the median class.
Required sum = 30 + 30 = 60]
(v) (c) 49
[Since 30 is the passing marks, therefore, number of students got more than 30 marks
= 28 + 21 = 49]
PART-B
Sol. 21. Statement of Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic : Every composite number can be
factorised as a product of primes and this prime factorisation is unique, apart from the order
in which the prime factors occur.
Here, HCF = 24 and LCM = 540
LCM 540 45
Let us calculate = =  integer
HCF 24 2
Since LCM is always a multiple of HCF, hence, two numbers cannot have HCF and LCM as 24
and 540 respectively.
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 22. Here, P, Q, R and S divide the line segment joining A(2, 6) and B(7, – 4) in five equal parts.
A P Q R S B
(2, 6) (7, – 4)
 AP = PQ = QR = RS = SB
Now, P divides AB is the ratio 1 : 4
 Coordinates of P are
 2  4  1  7 6  4  1( 4) 
P ,  1:4
 1 4 1 4  A
P
B
(2, 6) (7, –4)
 15 20 
P , 
 5 5 
P(3, 4)
Again, R divides AB in the ratio 3 : 2
 Coordinates of R are
 2  2  7  3 2  6  3( 4) 
R ,  3:2
 32 32  A B
P
(2, 6) (7, –4)
 25 0 
R , 
 5 5
R(5, 0)
Hence, the coordinates of P and R are P(3, 4) and R(5, 0).
Or
Here, 5AP = 4PB
AP 4 4:5
 = A B
PB 5 P
(3, 7) (9, 4)
or AP : PB = 4 : 5
P divides the line segment AB in ratio 4 : 5
 36  15 16  35   51 51   17 17 
P  4  5 , 4  5  i.e., P  ,  or P  , 
   9 9   3 3 
Sol. 23. f(x) = px2 – 2x + 3p
b 2 c 3p
+ =  and  =  =3
a p a p
Also,  +  =  (given)
2 3p
 = =3
p p
2
p = .
3
Sol. 24.
A C
p
q
P Q
M O N
B D
1. Draw a circle with centre O and radius = 3 cm. ( diameter = 6 cm, given)
2. Mark two points P and Q on extended diameter, such that OP = 6 cm and OQ = 8 cm.
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S E RI E S
OQ in N.
Thus, PA, PB, QC and QD are the required tangents.Since AOC is a diameter and AT be
the tangent.
Sol. 25. 2(cos4 60° + sin4 30°) – (tan2 60° + cos2 45°) + 3sec2 30°
 1 4  1 4   2
 1    2 
2
= 2        ( 3)2      3  
 2   2  
   2    3
2 1
= 2×  3  4
16 2
1 1 1 2 3
=  = 
4 2 4 4
Or
(1 + tan ) (1 – sin ) (1 + sin )= sec  (1 – sin2)
2 2
1
= 2
 cos 2 
cos 
= 1.
Sol. 26. Since AOC is a diameter and AT be the tangent
 CAT = 90°
 CAB + BAT = 90° ...(i)
ABC = 90° [angle in semi-circle]
 CAB + ACB = 90° ...(ii)
CAB + BAT = CAB + ACB
 BAT = ACB
Sol. 27. (i) First of all find the HCF of 60, 84 and 108
60 = 22 × 3 × 5
84 = 22 × 3 × 7
108 = 22 × 33
HCF of 60, 84 and 108 = 22 × 3 = 12.
Minimum number of rooms required for Hindi = 60  12 = 5
Minimum number of rooms required for Social Science = 84  12 = 7
Minimum number of rooms required for English = 108  12 = 9
Hence, minimum number of rooms required for all three subjects is 5 + 7 + 9 = 21
(ii) HCF
Sol. 28. Let the smaller number be x, then the other number is 9 – x
According to statement of the question
1 1 1
 =
x 9x 2
9x x 1
 x (9  x) = 2  9 × 2= 9x – x2
 x2 – 9x + 18 = 0  x (x – 3) – 6 (x – 3)= 0
 (x – 3) (x – 6)= 0
 x= 3 or x = 6
Hence, the smaller number is 3 and other number is 9 – 3 i.e., 6.
Or
1 1 1 1
Here, =  
abx a b x

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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
1 1 1 1 x a bx ab
  =   =
abx x a b (a  b  x) x ab
(a  b) ab
 2 =
x  ax  bx ab
 – ab = x2 + ax + bx
 x2 + ax + bx + ab = 0
x (x + a) + b (x + a) = 0

 (x + a) (x + b) = 0
 x+a =0 or x+b=0
 x =–a or x=–b
Sol. 29. Suppose R and r be the radii of bigger and smaller circles, respectively
E
 AB – AC = CB
 2R – 2r = 9
D
9
 R–r = = 4.5 cm ...(i)
2 A r O B
C
Join AD and CD R
AOD
 DOC
OD
OC
 =
OA
OD F
 OD2
= OA × OC
 (R – 5)2
= R × (R – 9) [ DE = 5 cm and CB = 9 cm]
 R2 + 25 – 10R
2
= R – 9R
 R
= 25 cm
From (i), we have R–r
= 4.5
 r
= R – 4.5
= 25 – 4.5 = 20.5 cm
Now, area of the shaded portion = R2 – r2
=  (R2 – r2) =  (R + r) (R – r)
= 3.14 × (25 + 20.5) (25 – 20.5)
= 3.14 × 45.5 × 4.5 = 642.915 cm2
Hence, the required area of the shaded portion is 642.915 cm2.
Sol. 30. Given : AD and PM are the medians of ABC and PQR respectively, such that
AB AC AD
= =
PQ PR PM
To Prove : ABC ~ PQR
Const. : Produce AD to E, such that AD = DE. Produce PM to N, such that PM = MN. Join BE
and QN.
P
A
3 4
1 2
D M
B C Q R
E
N

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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Proof : In ADC and EDB

CD = BD [given]
AD = EB [by construction]
ADC = EDB [vertically opposite s]
 ADC EDB [by SAS congruence rule]
 BE = AC [c.p.c.t.]
Similarly, PMR NMQ
 QN = PR [given]
AB AC AD
Now, = = [given]
PQ PR PM
AB BE 2AD
 = =
PQ QN 2PM
AB BE AE
 = = [ 2AD=AE and 2PM=PN by const.]
PQ QN PN
 ABE ~ PQN [by SSS similarity criterion]
 1 = 3 ...(i)
[corresponding s of similar triangles]
Similarly, 2 = 4 ...(ii)
1 + 2 = 3 + 4
 A = P
Now, in ABC and PQR
AB AC
= [given]
PQ PR
A = P [proved]
 ABC ~ PQR [by SAS similarity criterion]
Or
Here, AE  BC
 AED = 90°, ADE < 90° and ADC > 90°
In ADC, ADC is obtuse angle
 AC2 = AD2 + DC2 + 2DC.DE
A
BC 2 BC
= AD2 + + 2. .DE
4 2
BC 2
AC2 = AD2 + BC.DE + ... (i)
4 B E D C
In ABD, ADE is an acute angle

 AB2 = AD2 + BD2 – 2BD.DE
2 BC
= AD2 + BC – 2. .DE
4 2
BC 2
AB2 = AD2 + – BC.DE ... (ii)
4
BC 2
AB2 + AC2 = 2AD2 +
2
2AB2 + 2AC2 = 4AD2 + BC2
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 31. Class Interval Class Marks (xi) Frequency (fi) fix i
10 – 30 20 5 100
30 – 50 40 8 320
50 – 70 60 f1 60f 1
70 – 90 80 20 1600
90 – 110 100 f2 100f 2
110 – 130 120 2 240
Total fi = 35 + f1 + f2 fixi = 60f1 + 100f2
+ 2260
Here, fi = 50
 35 + f1 + f2 = 50  f1 + f2 = 15 ... (i)
fi xi
Median =
fi
60 f1  100 f2  2260
65.6 =
50
60f1 + 100f2 = 3280 – 2260
60f1 + 100f2 = 1020
or 3f1 + 5f2 = 51 ... (ii)
3f1 + 5f2 – 3f1 – 3f2 = 51 – 45
2f 2 = 6
f2 = 3
From (i), we have
f1 + 3 = 15
f 1 = 12
Hence, the missing frequencies are f1 = 12 and f2 = 3.
Sol. 32. Let AB be the lighthouse of height 100 m and P, Q be the positions of two ships, such that
P = 30° and Q = 60°
AB
= tan 60° = 3
QB A
30°
60°
100
100 = 3 QB or QB = ... (i)
3
100 m

AB 30° 60°
= tan 30°
PB P Q B
100 1
=
PQ + QB 3
100
100 3 = PQ +
3
100 300  100 200 200

PQ = 100 3 – =   = 115.47 m
3 3 3 1.732

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S E RI E S
Sol. 33. Salary (in thousand `) Mid Values (xi) No. of Persons (fi) c.f.
5 – 10 7.5 49 49
10 – 15 12.5 133 182
15 – 20 17.5 63 245
20 – 25 22.5 15 260
25 – 30 27.5 6 266
30 – 35 32.5 7 273
35 – 40 37.5 4 277
40 – 45 42.5 2 279
45 – 50 47.5 1 280
Total 280
For median
N 280
N = 280 and = = 140
2 2
c.f. 140 lies in 10 – 15, so median class is 10 – 15
N
l = 10, = 140, c.f. = 49, f = 133 and h = 5
2
N 
 2  c. f . 
Median = l +  h
 f 
 140  49 
= 10 +  5
 133 
455
= 10 +
133
= 10 + 3.42
= 13.42 thousand = ` 13420
For mode, we have
133 is the highest frequency and class corresponding to it is 10 – 15, so 10 – 15 is the modal
class.
l = 10, f1 = 49, f0 = 133, f2 = 63, h = 5
 f0  f1 
Mode = l +  h
2 f
 0 1 2 f  f
 133  49 
= 10 + 
2  133  49  63 5
 
420
= 10 +
154
= 10 + 2.73
= 12.73 thousand = ` 12730
Sol. 34. Let PQR be the right triangle, right-angled at P, whose sides PQ and PR measure 15 cm and
20 cm, respectively (see fig.)
Now, QR2 = PQ2 + PR2
 QR = 15 2  20 2  25 cm
Here, PO (or PO) is the radius of the common base of the double cone formed by revolving
the right triangle about QR.
Height of the cone QPP is QO and slant height is 15 cm.
Height of the cone RPP is RO and slant height is 20 cm.

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S E RI E S
Now, in s POQ and RPQ P
POQ = RPQ [each 90°]

15 cm 20 cm
Q = Q [common]
 POQ  RPQ [by AA similarity criterion]
Q R
PO 15 O
 =  PO = 12 cm
20 25
15 cm
20 cm
QO 15
Also, =  QO = 9 cm
15 25 P'
Thus, RO= (25 – 9) cm = 16 cm
1 1
Now, volume of the double cone =   3.14  122  9   3.14  12 2  16  cm3
3 3 
3.14
× 122 × (9 + 16) = 3768 cm3
=
3
Surface area of the double cone = (3.14 × 12 × 15 + 3.14 × 12 × 20) cm2
= 3.14 × 12 × (15 + 20) cm2
= 1318.8 cm2.
Sol. 35. Let the present age of Jacob be x years and the present age of son be y years.
5 years hence, Age of Jacob= (x + 5) years and age of son = (y + 5) years
By the first condition, (x + 5) = 3(y + 5)
 x + 5 = 3y + 15
 x = 3y + 15 – 5
 x = 3y + 10 ...(i)
5 years ago, Age of Jacob= (x – 5) years and age of son = (y – 5) years
By the second condition, (x – 5) = 7(y – 5)
 x – 5 = 7y – 35
 x = 7y – 30 ...(ii)
Substituting the value of x from equation (i) in equation (ii), we have
3y + 10 = 7y – 30
 3y = 7y – 40
 3y – 7y = – 40
 – 4y = – 40
–40
 y= = 10
–4
Substituting the value of y in equation (i), we have
x = 3(10) + 10
 x = 30 + 10
 x = 40
Hence, the present age of Jacob = 40 years and the present age of son = 10 years.
Sol. 36. Let AB be the tree of height h m, P and Q be the two positions of the man, such that QB = width
of the river, P = 30°, Q = 60° and PQ = 50 m.
AB
= tan 60° = 3
QB
AB = 3 QB
h = 3 QB ... (i)

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S E RI E S
In rt. angled PBA A

AB 1
= tan 30° =
PB 3
1
hm
h = (PQ + QB)
3
3h = 50 + QB 60°
30°
or QB = 3h – 50 ... (ii) P 50 m Q B
h = 3( 3h  50)
h = 3h – 50 3
2h = 50 3
h = 25 3 or 25 × 1.732 = 43.3 m
h 25 3
Also, QB =  = 25 m
3 3
Hence, the width of the river is 25 m and height of the tree is 43.3 m.
Or
Let A be the position of bird flying at a distance of 100 m from a boy. G be the position of a girl
standing on a building of height 20 m.
In rt. angled ABC A
AC 1
= sin 30° =
AB 2
1 1
0m
45° G
AC = AB × = 100 × = 50 m D
10
2 2
20 m
Now, DC = GH = 20 m 30°
 AD = AC – DC = 50 – 20 = 30 m B C H
In rt. angled ADG
AD
= sin 45°
AG
AD 30
AG = = = 30 2 m.
sin 45° 1
2
vvvvv

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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S

Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. For any n, if the number 4n ends in the digit zero, then it is divisible by 10 i.e., 2 × 5.
 4n = 10 × p
 (2 × 2)n = 2 × 5 × p
 2n × 2n = 2 × 5 × p
 5 is a prime factor of 2n × 2n,
which is not possible, as 4n i.e., 2n × 2n can have only one prime factor, i.e., 2.
Hence, there is no n  N for which 4n can end with the digit 0.
Or
3277081 3277081 3277081
327.7081 =  
10000 10 4 24 × 54
Prime factors of denominator q is of the form 2m × 2n (24 × 54); n and m  N.
7 1
Sol. 2. Here, pq + qr + rp= – and pqr = –
9 9
1 1 1
Now, p–1 + q –1 + r –1 = + +
p q r
7
qr  rp  pq –
= = 9 =7
pqr 1
–
9
Sol. 3. For coincident lines, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b2 c 2
6 k 16
= 
3 1 8
 k =2
Sol. 4. Let x and y be number of ` 2 and ` 5 coins with Sudha.
 x + y = 45 and 2x + 5y = 1080
Which is the required linear representation.
Sol. 5. Here, a9 = 0  a + 8d = 0 ...(i)
a19 = a + 18d
And a29 = a + 28d
Now, 2a19 = 2a + 36d
2a19 = (a + 28d) + (a + 8d)
2a19 = a + 28d + 0 [using (i)]
2a19 = a29
Or
a10 = 52  a + 9d = 52 ... (i)
a16 = 82  a + 15d = 82 ... (ii)
6d = 30  d =5
From (i), a + 9 × 5 = 52  a = 52 – 45 = 7
Thus, a32 = a + 31d = 7 + 31 × 5 = 7 + 155 = 162
®
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S E RI E S
Sol. 6. Let  and  be the roots of y2

+ my + 12 = 0
 : =1:3
 1
  = 3   = k and  = 3k
+ = – m and  = 12
k + 3k = – m and (k) (3k) = 12
4k = – m and k2 = 4
m = – 4k and k = 2
m = – 4 ( 2) =  8
Q.7. * Find the roots of the equation x2 – x – 3x  3  0.
Sol. x2 –x– 3x  3 = 0
x(x – 1) – 3 (x – 1) = 0
(x – 1) (x – 3 ) = 0
x–1 =0 and x– 3 =0
x =1 and x= 3
Or
1
Let  and be the roots of given equation 3x2 – 10x + k = 0.

c
Now, Product of zeroes =
a
 1 k
 ()   =
  3
 k =3
Sol. 8. We know that, tangents from an external point to a circle are of equal length.
 BD = BF, CD = CE and AE = AF ...(i)
Now, BD = BC – CD = BC – CE
= BC – CA + AE
= BC – CA + AF [using (i)]
A
= BC – CA + AB – BF
BD = BC – CA + AB – BD
BD + BD = BC – CA + AB
F E
2BD = BC – CA + AB
=a–b+c
=a–b+c+b–b
B D C
= a + b + c – 2b
2BD = 2s – 2b
BD = s – b
Sol. 9. AC + OC2 = OA2
2
AC2 = OA2 – OC2

= 52 – 42 = 25 – 16 = 9
O
 AC = 3 cm cm
5 4 cm
Since OC is perpendicular bisector of AB.
A B
C
 AB = 2AC = 2(3) = 6 cm

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S E RI E S
Or
OA  PA and OB  PB
 AOB = 180° – APB = 180° – 50° = 130°
Now, in OAB, we have
OA = OB
 OAB =OBA
Also, OAB + OBA + AOB = 180°
 OAB + OAB + 130° = 180°
2OAB = 50° OAB = 25°
Sol. 10. Since P is the mid-point of AC
1 1
 AP = × AC = × 5 = 2.5 cm
2 2
Sol. 11. False.
Since point P lies in the interior of the circle (3 < 3.5), therefore, no tangent.
Sol. 12. Yes.
In ABC, C = 90° and A = B
1
 A = B = × 90° = 45°
2
Now, cos A = cos B  cos 45° = cos 45°.
1
Sol. 13. x sin  = 1  x2 sin2 = 1  x2 = = cosec2
sin 2 
y = cot   y2 = cot2
Now, x2 – y2 = cosec2 – cot2
=1 [ cosec2 = 1 + cot2]
Sol. 14. Let R and r be the radii of two circles.
Now, R + r = 14 cm
 R = 14 – r
R2 + r2 = 130
R2 + r2 = 130
(14 – r)2 + r2 = 130 [ R = 14 – r]
r
196 – 28r + r2 + r2 = 130 O R O
A
33 – 28r + 2r2 =0
 r2 – 14r + 33 = 0
 (r – 11) (r – 3) = 0
 r = 11 or r=3
R = 14 – 3 = 11
Hence, radii of two circles are 11 cm and 3 cm.
Sol. 15. Diameter of sphere = Side of cube

1
Radius of sphere = × Side of cube
2
4 Side × Side × Side
Volume of cube : Volume of sphere = Side × Side × Side : 
3 2× 2× 2

=1: =6:
6
22
=6: = 42 : 22 = 21 : 11
7

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Sol. 16. Sample space when two dice are thrown = 6 × 6 = 36

Number of outcomes when sum is more than 10 = 3 [(5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)]
3 1
36 12
Or
Sample space = 7 outcomes [–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3]
Outcomes where square of a number is less than or equal to 1 = 3 [– 1, 1, 0]
3
Required probability = .
7
SECTION – II
 25 37 
(i) (b)  , 
 2 2
[Mid-point of line segment joining H(12, 17) and C(13, 20)
 12  13 17  20   25 37 
= 
 2
,  i.e.,  ,  ]
2 2 2
(ii) *Replace option (c) 8 with option (c) 9
(c) 9 [ Coordinates of S are S(17, 9)
 Distance of S from x-axis = Ordinate of S = 9 units]
(iii) *Replace option (d) 4 with option (d) 3
(d) 3 [Distance between F(9, 13) and I(9, 16) = 16 – 13 = 3 units]
 57 77 
(iv) (d)  , 
 4 4
 51  6 60  17   57 77  3:1
[  ,  i.e.,  ,  ]
4 4  4 4 J D
(6, 17) (17, 20)
(v) (b) 22x = 209
[Here, (x – 4)2 + (y – 8)2 = (x – 15)2 + (y – 8)2
x2 – 8x + 16 = x2 – 30x + 225
22x = 209]
1
(i) (b) 52 cm [Here, scale factor = 1 : 5 or . Full size boat’s width = 260 cm
5
1
 Width of scale modal = × 260 = 52 cm]
5
(ii) (b) They are not the mirror image of one another.
(iii) (a) The ratio of their perimeters is 1 : 3
[Here, scale factor = 1 : 3
 Each side is multiplied by 3
Hence, perimeter is also multiplied by 3]
(iv) (d) 12 m
Shadow of tree Shadow of stick Shadow of tree 2
[ =  =
Height of tree Length of stick 18 3
2
 Shadow of tree = 18 × = 12 m]
3
(v) (d) 13 m
[Here, E and F are the mid-points of TA and TB
 By Mid-point theorem, we have
1 1
EF  AB and EF = × AB = × 26 = 13 m]
2 2
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S E RI E S

(i) (a) (– 4, – 2)
[ x2 + 6x + 8 = (x + 4) (x + 2)  x = – 4 and x = – 2]
(ii) (c) Intersects x-axis
(iii) (b) parabola
(iv) (d) x2 – 16x + 60
[Sum of zeroes = 16 and one zero = 10
 Other zero = 16 – 10 = 6 and product of zeroes = 10 × 6 = 60
 Required quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 16x + 40]
(v) (b) 0
[ f (x) = (x – 3)2 + 1 = x2 – 6x + 9 + 1 = x2 – 6x + 10
Now, b2 – 4ac = (–6)2 – 4(1) (10) = 36 – 40 = – 4 < 0
 No real root exist.]
(i) (d) 24.5
5  4  15  11  25  14  35  5  45  6 980
[Mean time taken = = = 24.5]
4  11  14  5  6 40
(ii) (d) 20
[Here, 14 is the highest frequency and class interval corresponding to 14 is 20 – 30.
Hence, lower limit of modal class is 20]
(iii) (a) Median
(iv) (d) 60
N
[Here, N = 40 and = 20, which corresponds to class interval 20 – 30. Thus,
2
20 – 30 is the median class as well as modal class. Hence, sum of the upper limits = 30
+ 30 = 60]
(v) (d) 34
[No. of student finishes the race within 40 seconds = 4 + 11 + 14 + 5 = 34]
PART-B
Sol. 21. Required minimum distance is the LCM of 40 cm, 42 cm and 45 cm.
40 = 23 × 5
42 = 2 × 3 × 7
45 = 32 × 5
LCM of 40 cm, 42 cm and 45 cm = 23 × 32 × 5 × 7 = 2520 cm
Hence, the required minimum distance is 2520 cm.
Sol. 22. Here, x-coordinate of P is twice its y-coordinate.
Let coordinates of P be P(2a, a).
Now, P is equidistant from Q(2, –5) and R(–3, 6).
 QP2 = RP2
 (2 – 2a)2 + (– 5 – a)2 = (–3 –2a)2 + (6 – a)2
 4 + 4a2 – 8a + 25 + a2 + 10a = 9 + 4a2 + 12a + 36 + a2 – 12a
 5a2 + 2a + 29 = 5a2 + 45
 2a = 45 – 29
 2a = 16
 a= 8
Hence, the coordinates of P are P(16, 8).

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S E RI E S
Or
Coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining points A(x, y + 1) and
B(x + 1, y + 2) are
 x  x  1 y  1  y  2
C , 
 2 2
 2 x  1 2y  3 
or C , 
 2 2 
3 5
Also, coordinates of C are C  ,  (given)
 2 2
2x  1 3 2y  3 5
 = and =
2 2 2 2
 2x + 1 = 3 and 2y + 3 = 5
 2x = 2 and 2y = 2
 x = 1 and y = 1
Sol. 23. 4 – 3 and 4 + 3 are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial.
 Sum of zeroes (S) = 4 – 3 +4+ 3 =8
Product of zeroes (P) = (4 – 3 ) (4 + 3 ) = 16 – 3 = 13
 Required quadratic polynomial = x2 – 8x + 13
Required :Tangents from P and Q to the circle.
A C
2. Mark two points P and Q on q
p
extended diameter, such that
OP = OQ = 7 cm.
3. Draw the perpendicular bisectors P Q
M O N
(p and q) of OP and OQ, let they
intersect OP in M and OQ in N.
4. With M as centre and radius MP,
draw a circle which intersects the B D
given circle in A and B.
4 3
Sol. 25. tan A =  cot A =
3 4
16 25
Now, sec2A = 1 + tan2A = 1 + 
9 9
25 5
sec A = =
9 3
9 25
And cosec2A = 1 + cot2A = 1 + 
16 16
25 5
cosec A = =
16 4
5 5 35
Now, cosec A + sec A =  
4 3 12
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S E RI E S
Or
Here, sin  – 3 cos  = 0 and 0 <  < 90°
sin  = 3 cos 
sin 
= 3
cos 
tan  = tan 60°
  = 60°
Sol. 26. We know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are of equal lengths.
 CR = CS, BR = BQ, AQ = AP and
DP = DS = r cm (say)
CR = CS = 25 – r and BR = BQ = 27 cm
Also, CR + BR = 38
 25 – r + 27 = 38  r = 52 – 38 = 14 cm
Sol. 27. Let us assume, to contrary that 4  3 2 is a rational number..
p
 4  3 2 = , q  0 and p, q Z
q
p
 3 2 = 4
q
p  4q
 3 2 =
q
p  4q
 2 =
3q
4 q  p Integer
 2 = 
3q Integer
 2 = a rational number
But this contradicts the fact that 2 is irrational.
Hence, 4 – 3 2 is an irrational number..
Sol. 28. Here,  and  are the roots of quadratic equation 5x2 – 6x + k = 0.
6
 + = ... (i)
5
1
Also, – = ... (ii) (given)
5
7 7
 2 = =
5 10
7 6 6 7 12  7 5 1
From (i), += = – =  
10 5 5 10 10 10 2
k
Now, product of zeroes =
5
7 1 k 7
  = k=
10 2 5 4

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S E RI E S
Or
Since  and are the roots of 2x2 – 5x + 7 = 0
5 7
 + = and =
2 2
Now, sum of zeroes of required polynomial = 2 + 3 + 2 + 3
= 2( + ) + 6
5
=2× + 6 = 11
2
Product of zeroes = (2 + 3) (2 + 3)
= 4 + 6 + 6 + 9
7 5
=4×
+6× + 9 = 14 + 15 + 9 = 38
2 2
Hence, the required quadratic equation is x2 – 11x + 38 = 0.
Sol. 29. The diagonals of the square are perpendicular bisector of each other.
AOB = 90° = COD
1
 Radius of sector OAB =
AC
2
1
= × 56 2
2
= 28 2 m [ Diagonal of square = 2 × side]
Also, radius of sector COD = 28 2 m
90 22
 Area of (sector AOB + sector COD) = 2 ×   28 2  28 2 = 2464 cm2
360 7
1
Now, area of (AOD + BOC) = × area of square ABCD
2
1
= × 56 × 56 = 1568 cm2
2
 Total area = 2464 cm2 + 1568 cm2 = 4032 cm2
Sol. 30. PA and PB are two tangents to circle with centre O
 OA  AP
 OP bisect APB A
 OPA = 30°
3 cm
In OAP, we have 30°

P O
30°
AP
= cot 30°
OA
B
AP
 = 3  AP = 3 3 cm
3
Or D C
Let ABCD be a parallelogram with A as acute and B as obtuse.
In ABC, B > 90°
 AC2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2BC.BN ...(i)
In ABD, A < 90° A M B N
 BD2 = AB2 + AD2 – 2AD.AM ...(ii)
But BC = AD [opp. sides of a gm]
Now, in AMD and BNC, we have
AD = BC
AMD = BNC [each = 90°]
DAM = CBN [corr. s]

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S E RI E S
 By using AAS congruence axiom

AMD  BNC
 AM = BN [c.p.c.t.]
 2BC.BN = 2AD.AM ...(iii)
[ BC = AD and AM = BN]
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we have
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2BC.DN
BD2 = AB2 + AD2 – 2BC.DN
Adding these two results, we obtain
AC2 + BD2 = AB2 + BC2 + AB2 + AD2
= AB2 + BC2 + CD2 + AD2 [ AB = CD]
Hence, sum of the squares of the diagonals of a parallelogram is equal to sum of the squares
of its sides.
Sol. 31. Class Interval Frequency ( fi ) Class Marks (xi ) fi x i
0 – 20 7 10 70
20 – 40 f1 30 30f1
40 – 60 12 50 600
60 – 80 f2 70 70f 2
80 – 100 8 90 720
100 – 120 5 110 550
Total fi = f1 + f2 + 32 fixi = 1940 + 30f1 + 70f2
Now, f1 + f2 + 32 = 50
 f1 + f2 = 18
 f1 = 18 – f2 ...(i)
 fi xi 1940  30 f1  70 f2
Also, Mean = ;  57.6 =
 fi 50
 57.6 × 50 = 1940 + 30f1 + 70f2
 2880 = 1940 + 30f1 + 70f2
 30f1 + 70f2 = 940
 3f1 + 7f2 = 94
 3(18 – f2) + 7f2 = 94 [using (i)]
 54 + 4f2 = 94
 4f2 = 40
 f2 = 10
From (i), we have
f1 = 18 – f2
 f1 = 18 – 10 = 8
Hence, the missing frequencies f1 and f2 are f1 = 8 and f2 = 10.
Sol. 32. Let PQ be the pole of height h m, AB be the tower of height 50 m, such that
APC = 45°, PQB = 60°, PQ = CB = h m
A
and AC = (50 – h) m 45°
In rt. angled AQB 60°
(50 – h) m
AB 50
= tan 60° = 3  QB = ... (i)
50 m
QB 3
In rt. angled APC 45°
P C
AC
= tan 45° = 1
hm
hm
PC
AC = PC = QB [ PC = QB] 60°
Q B
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S E RI E S
50 50 50
50 – h =  h = 50 – = 50 – = 50 – 28.87 = 21.13 m
3 3 1.732
Hence, the height of the pole is 21.13 m.
Sol. 33. Consider the following distribution table :
No. of Apples No. of Trees ( fi ) Cumulative Frequency
40 – 60 12 12
60 – 80 11 23
80 – 100 14 37
100 – 120 16 53
120 – 140 13 66
140 – 160 9 75
160 – 180 5 80
Here, highest frequency is 16, which lies in the class interval 100 – 120.
So, it is the modal class
 l = 100, f1 = 16, f0 = 14, f2 = 13 and h = 20
 f1  f0 
 Mode = l +   ×h
 2 f1  f0  f2 
 16  14 
= 100 +   20
 2  16  14  13 
40
= 100 + = 100 + 8 = 108
5
Thus, the mode is 108.
N 80
Clearly, = = 40, lies in the class interval 100 – 120
2 2
So, 100 – 120 is the median class
 l = 100, c.f. = 37, f = 16 and h = 20
N 
 2  c. f . 
Median = l +   h
 f 
 40  37 
= 100 +   20
 16 
60
= 100 + = 100 + 3.75 = 103.75.
16
Thus, the median is 103.75.
Sol. 34. Let P and Q be the two positions of the flying bird and A be the point of observation on the
ground, such that PAB = 45°, QAC = 30°, PB = QC = 60 m and time taken = 2 sec.
In rt. angled ABP
PB
= tan 45° = 1  AB = PB = 60 m
AB
In rt. angled ACQ
P Q
QC 1
= tan 30° =
AC 3
60 m
60 m
60 3 = AB + BC  BC = 60 3 – AB = 60 3 – 60
= 60 ( 3 – 1)
30°
= 60 × 0.732 = 43.92 m 45°
A B C
Distance 43.92 2 seconds
Speed of flying bird = = = 21.96 m/s
Time 2
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S E RI E S
Or
Let AB be the vertical tower of height h m, L and M be the positions of two cars, such that
LM = 100 m, L = 45° and M = 60°.
In rt. angled ABM
AB
= tan 60° = 3
BM A
h 45°
 h = 3 BM or BM = m 60°
3
In rt. angled ABL
hm
AB
= tan 45° = 1
BL
 AB = BL
45° 60°
h
 h = 100 + L M B
3
 3 1
 h  = 100
 3 
100 3 100 3( 3  1)
 h = =
3 1 ( 3  1) ( 3  1)
= 50(3  3) = 50(3 + 1.73) = 236.5
6
Sol. 35. Here, radius of two cones A and B, radius of cylinder (r) = = 3 cm
2
Let height of cone B be h cm, therefore, the height of cone A be (21 – h) cm, because height of
cylinder is 21 cm.
Now, according to given question, we have
Volume of cone A 2
=
Volume of cone B 1
1 2
r (21  h) 2
 3 =
1 2 1
r h
3
21
 21 – h = 2h  h = = 7 cm
3
Thus, height of two cones A and B are 14 cm and 7 cm respectively.
1 22
Volume of cone A = × × 3 × 3 × 14 = 132 cm3
3 7
1 22
Volume of cone B = × × 3 × 3 × 7 = 66 cm3
3 7
Volume of the remaining portion of the cylinder = Volume of cylinder
– Volume of cone A – Volume of cone B
22
=  3  3  21  132  66
7
= 594 – 132 – 66 = 396 cm3.
Sol. 36. Let original average speed of the train be x km/h.
63 72
  =3
x x6
7 8 3 1
  = =
x x6 9 3
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S E RI E S
7(x  6)  8 x 1
 =
x(x  6) 3
 3(7x + 42 + 8x) = x2 + 6x
 45x + 126 = x2 + 6x
 x2 – 39x – 126 = 0
 x2 – 42x + 3x – 126 = 0
 x(x – 42) + 3(x – 42) = 0
 (x – 42) (x + 3) = 0
 Either x – 42 = 0 or x+3=0
 x = 42 or x=–3
Since x is the average speed of the train, x cannot be negative.
x = 42
Hence, the original speed of the train is 42 km/h.
vvvvv

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S E RI E S

Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Non-terminating, because denominator contains a factor 7 other than 2 and 5 i.e., factors of
denominator are not of the form 2m × 5n.
Or
2.134  2.134134134...
It is a non-terminating and repeating decimal representation. Hence, a rational number.
Sol. 2. Here, f(x) = 4x2 – 12x + 9
f(x) = (2x)2 – 2(2x)(3) + 32
f(x) = (2x – 3)2, which is a whole square
 Minimum value of f(x) is zero
3
Put 2x – 3 = 0  x=
2
Sol. 3. 37x + 43y = 123 ...(i)
43x + 37y = 117 ...(ii)
80x + 80y = 240  x + y = 3 ...(iii)
6x – 6y = – 6  x – y= – 1 ...(iv)
Adding (iii) and (iv), we have
2x = 2  x =1
From (iii), we obtain 1 + y = 3  y = 3 – 1 = 2
Sol. 4. Let present ages of father and his son be x years and y years.
x + 5 = 3(y + 5)
x – 3y = 10 ...(i)
And x – 5 = 7(y – 5)
x – 7y = – 30
or 7y – x = 30 ...(ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) are the linear equations corresponding to given representation.
Sol. 5. Here, a11 = 38  a + 10d = 38 ...(i)
a16 = 73  a + 15d = 73 ...(ii)
5d = 35  d=7
From eq.(i), we obtain
a + 10 × 7 = 38
a = 38 – 70 = – 32
Now, a31 = a + 30d
= – 32 + 30 × 7 = 178
Or
Here, a = 1, d = – 2 – 1 = – 3 and an = – 236
an = a + (n – 1)d
– 236 = 1 + (n – 1)(–3)

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S E RI E S
237
= (n – 1)
3
n = 79 + 1 = 80
n
Now, Sn = [a + l]
2
80
S80 = [1 + (–236)] = 40 × (–235) = – 9400
2
Sol. 6. Let two roots of given quadratic equation be  and 2
p
  + 2 = p  =
3
2
 p
And () (2) = q  2   q
3
 2p2 = 9q
Sol. 7. 2x2 – 5x + 3 =0
2x2 – 2x – 3x + 3 =0
2x(x – 1) – 3(x – 1) =0
(x – 1)(2x – 3) =0
3
x =1 or x =
2
Or
3x2 – 4 3 x  4 = 0
D = b2 – 4ac
D = ( 4 3)2 – 4 × 3 × 4 = 48 – 48 = 0
Hence, real and equal roots exist.
Sol. 8. Let O be the centre of two concentric circles of radii a and b. Draw OC AB
We know that perpendicular drawn from the centre to the chord, bisects the chord.
 AB = 2AC
Now, in rt. ed ACO, we obtain
AC2 + CO2 = AO2
AC2 + b2 = a2
O
AC2 = a2 – b2
a
b
AC = a2  b2
A C B
Hence, AB = 2AC
 AB = 2 a 2  b 2 .
Sol. 9. Join OT and OQ
Now, OT and OQ are radii through the point of contacts
 OTP = OQP = 90°
TOQ = 180° – 70° = 110°
1 1
TRQ = TOQ = × 110° = 55°
2 2
[ Angle subtended at the centre is double the angle subtended at the remaining point of the
circle]
Or
* Replace in second line : If CB = 11 cm with CQ = 11 cm ....
We know the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are of equal length.
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 BR = BQ ...(i)
Here, CQ = CB + BQ
BQ = CQ – CB = 11 – 7 = 4 cm
Hence, BR = 4 cm [using (i)]
Sol. 10. In ABC, DE  BC
AD AE
 =
DB EC
x x2
=
x2 x 1
x – x = x2 – 4
2
x = 4 cm
Sol. 11. Minimum number of points = 1 + 5 = 6
Sol. 12. b cos  + a sin  = 4  b2 cos2 + a2 sin2 + 2ab sin  cos  = 16 ...(i)
b sin  – a cos  = 3  b2 sin2 + a2 cos2 – 2ab sin  cos  = 9 ...(ii)
b2(cos2 + sin2) + a2(sin2 + cos2) = 16 + 9
b + a2 = 25
2 or a2 + b2 = 25 [ sin2 + cos2 = 1]
Sol. 13. Here, tan  = 4
sec2 = 1 + tan2 = 1 + 42 = 1 + 16 = 17
1 1 1
Now, (tan2 + 2sec2) = (16 + 2 × 17) = × 50 = 5
10 10 10
Sol. 14. Area of the shaded portion = Area of square – Area of quadrant
1 22
=7×7–× ×7×7
4 7
= 49 – 38.5 = 10.5 cm2
Sol. 15. Let radii of two right circular cones be 3x and 5x
1 1
Now, ratio of their volumes = (3 x)2 × h : (5 x)2 ×h
3 3
= 2
9x : 25x 2
= 9 : 25
Sol. 16. Total numbers = 30
Total prime numbers = 10 [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29]
10 1
30 3
Or
Sample space = 11 [–5, – 4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,5]
Favourable outcomes = 9 [– 4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4], |x|  4
9
Required probability =
11
SECTION – II
(i) (a) 255
50 × 20  150 × 15  250 × 20  350 × 30  450 × 15
[Mean number of wickets =
20  15  20  30  15
25500
=  255]
100
(ii) (b) 300
N
[Here, N = 100 and = 50 lies in the class interval 200 – 300, so 200 – 300 is the median class]
2
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(iii) (c) 45
[No. of wickets more than and equal to 300 = 30 + 15 = 45]
(iv) (a) Mode = 3Median – 2Mean
(v) (d) 600
[Here, hightest frequency is 30 and its corresponds to 300 – 400, so 300 – 400 is the modal
class and median class is 200 – 300. Sum of lower limit of median class and upper limit of
modal class = 200 + 400 = 600]
(i) (c) (7, 6)
 4  10 4  8 
[Using mid-point formula, we have  , i.e., (7, 6)]
 2 2 
(ii) (a) 2 : 5
[Distance covered by Prabhjot : Distance covered by Sukhi = 4 : 10 = 2 : 5]
(iii) (d) 17 [Distance between Reeta (5, 3) and Gugu (4, 7)
= (4  5)2  (7  3)2  1  16  17]
 5 
 65 15  [ 10 × 3  2 × 1 3 × 8  6 × 1 
(iv) (b)  ,  ,
 8 2   3+1 3 1

 3:1
( 5 , 6) (x, y) (10, 8)
 65  2
 2 30   65 15 
 ,  ;  8 , 2 ]
 4 4   
(v) (c) 2y – 9 = 0
[(x, y) is equidistant from (4, 2) and (4, 7), then
(x – 4)2 + (y – 2)2 = (x – 4)2 + (y – 7)2
y2 – 4y + 4 = y2 – 14y + 49
14y – 4y + 4 – 49 =0
10y – 45 =0
2y – 9 = 0]
(i) (d) – 4, 3
b c
[Given polynomial is p(x) = x2 + 4x + 3, S = – = – 4 and P = = 3]
a a
1 1
(ii) (b)  , 
3 3
[Given polynomial is p(x) = 9x2 + 6x + 1 = (3x)2 + 2(3x)(1) + 12 = (3x + 1)2
1 1
For zeroes, we have (3x + 1)2 = 0  x = – ,  ]
3 3
5
(iii) (a) x2 + 2x –
4
1
[One zero = and sum of zeroes = – 2   +  = – 2
2
1 5 5
 =–2–=–2–   . Required polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 + 2x – ]
2 4 4
(iv) (d) intersects x-axis
(v) (c) 0
[p(x) = (x – 3)2 + 3 = x2 – 6x + 9 + 3 = x2 – 6x + 12
D = b2 – 4ac = (–6)2 – 4(1)(12) = 36 – 48 = – 12 < 0
 No real zero exists]
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(i) (c) 3, 10
12 3 5 5×6
[Here, scale factor = = 3 and   y=  10]
4 6 y 3
(ii) (b) 1875 cm
1
[Here, scale factor = 1 : 25 or and height of the modal = 75 cm
25
Actual height of the building = 25 × 75 = 1875 cm]
(iii) (d) Area of resulting figure is 2 times the area of the given figure
[ Area of the figure = length × breadth i.e., scale factor multiplied two times
= 2 times the area of the given figure]
(iv) (c) Their corresponding sides are equal
(v) (d) They are not the mirror image of one another
PART-B
Sol. 21. The smallest number of toys is one more than the LCM of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 and a multiple
of 7.
2=2
3=3
4 = 22
5=5
6=2×3
LCM of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 = 22 × 3 × 5 = 60
Required smallest number of toys = 60 × 5 + 1 = 301.
3
Sol. 22. Here, AR = AB
4
AB 4 3:1
 =
AR 3 A R B
AB  AR 43 (– 4, 0) (0, 6)
 =
AR 3
BR 1
 =
AR 3
AR 3
or =
BR 1
 0  4 18  0  9
Coordinates of R are R  ,  i.e., R(–1, ).
 3  1 3+1  2
Or
Let P(x, y) be any point which lie on the perpendicular bisector of AB. Since it lies on y-axis.
 P(0, y)
|AP|2 = |BP|2
(0 – 1) + (y – 5)2 = (0 – 4)2 + (y – 6)2
2
1 + y2 – 10y + 25 = 16 + y2 – 12y + 36
2y = 52 – 26 = 26
y = 13
Hence, the required point is (0, 13).
Sol. 23. (x – 1) (2x – 5) = 2(x + 1)
2x2 – 5x – 2x + 5 = 2x + 2
2x2 – 9x + 3 = 0
9  81  24 9  57
x = 
4 4
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Sol. 24. Steps of Construction :

A10 X
1. Draw a line segment AB = 8.5 cm. A9
A8
2. At A, construct an acute angle BAX A7
(<90°). A6
A5
3. On AX mark ten points (3 + 7) such that A4
A3
AA1 = A1A2 = A2A3 = A3A4 = A4A5 A2
= A5A6 = A6A7 = A7A8 = A8A9= A9A10. A1
Join A10 to B.
A P 8.5 cm B
4. Through A3, draw A3P||A10B.
Thus, P is the required point and two parts are 2.5 cm and 6 cm.
Sol. 25. 4(sin430° + cos460°) – 3(cos245° – sin290°) + (sin260° + sin245°)
2 2
   
= 4  1  1   3  1  (1)2     3    1  
 24 24   ( 2)2    2   2 

= 4 ×  1  1   3  1  1    3  1 
 16 16  2   4 2
2  1 5
=4×  3   
16  2 4
2  6  5 13
= 
4 4
Or
Q. *If sin4 + cos4 = 1 + 4k sin2 cos2, then find the value of k.
sin4 + cos4 = 1 + 4k sin2 cos2
(sin )2 + (cos2)2 = 1 + 4k sin2 cos2
2
(sin2)2 + (cos2)2 + 2 sin2 cos2 – 2 sin2 cos2 =1 + 4k sin2 cos2

(sin2 + cos2)2 – 2 sin2 cos2 = 1 + 4k sin2 cos2
– 2 sin2 cos2 = 4k sin2  cos2 [ sin2 + cos2 = 1]
2 sin 2  cos 2  1
 k = 
4 sin 2 cos 2  2
Sol. 26. Given : A parallelogram ABCD, circumscribes a circle. R
C
D
To Prove : ABCD is a rhombus i.e.,
AB = BC = CD = DA.
S Q
Proof : Since ABCD is a parallelogram
 AB= DC and BC = AD ...(i)
AP and AS are two tangents from an external point A to the circle. A B
P
 AP = AS ...(ii)
[_ tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal]
Similarly, we have
BP = BQ ...(iii)
CR = CQ ...(iv)
And DR = DS ...(v)
Adding (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v), we have
(AP +BP) + (CR + DR)= (AS + DS) + (BQ + CQ)
AB + CD = AD + BC
AB + AB = AD + AD [using (i)]
2 AB = 2 AD  AB = AD
i.e., adjacent sides of the parallelogram are equal. Thus, all the sides are equal.
Hence, ABCD is a rhombus.

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p
 5 , q  0, where p and q are co-prime.
q
Squaring both sides, we have
p2
5 =
q2
p 2 = 5q2
 5 divides p2  5 divides p ...(i)
Let p= 5m, where m is an integer
(5m) 2 = 5q2
q 2 = 5m2
 5 divides q2  5 divides q ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have 5 as a common factor of p and q.
Sol. 28. x2 + 5x – (a2 + a – 6) = 0
x2+ 5x – (a + 3)(a – 2) = 0
2
x + {(a + 3) – (a – 2)}x – (a + 3)(a – 2)= 0
x2 + (a + 3)x – (a – 2)x – (a + 3)(a – 2)= 0
x(x + a + 3) – (a – 2)(x + a + 3) = 0
(x + a + 3) (x – (a – 2)) = 0
 x+a+3 =0 and x – (a – 2) = 0
 x =–a–3 and x = a – 2
Or
2
Here, –5 is a root of 2x + px – 15 = 0
 2(–5)2 + p(–5) – 15 = 0
5p = 50 – 15 = 35
p =7
2
Now, 7(x + x) + k = 0 or 7x2 + 7x + k = 0 has equal roots
 b2 – 4ac = 0
(7)2 – 4(7)k = 0
28k = 49
49 7
 k =
28 4
Sol. 29. Area of shaded region = Area of semi-circle with diameter AB
+ Area of semi-circle with diameter AC
– (Area of semi-circle with diameter BC – Area of ABC)
1 3 3 1 4 4 1 5 5 1 
= × × ×  × ×  × ×  × 3× 4
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 
[ in rt. angled ABC, BC = AB 2  AC 2  5]
1 22  9 16 25  1 11  25 25 
× =   × 12    6  6 cm 2
2 7  4 4 4  2 7  4 4 
Sol. 30. In ABC, B = 90°
AB  BC
Also, DM  BC
 AB  DM
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Similarly,
A
BC  AB and DN  AB
 BC  ND
Now, in quadrilateral BMDN D
N
AB  DM, BC  ND and ABC = 90° 2 1
 BMDN is a rectangle. B
3 4
C
 BM  ND M
In DMB,
2 + 3 = 90° ...(i)
[ BMD = 90°]
Similarly, 1 + 4 = 90° ...(ii)
Since BD  AC, 1 + 2 = 90° ...(iii)
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we obtain
1 = 3 and 2 = 4
 BMD ~ DMC [by AA similarity axiom]
DM BM
 =
MC DM
 DM.DM = MC.BM
 DM2 = MC.DN [ BM = DN]
Similarly, BND ~ DNA
DN BN
 =
AN DN
 DN.DN = AN.BN
 DN2 = AN.DM [ BN = DM]
Or
Since NSQ MTR
 SQN = TRM
 Q = R in PQR
Also, P + Q + R = 180°
 Q + Q = 180º – P
1
 Q = (180° – P)
2
1
 Q = R = 90° – P
2
Again, in PST
1 = 2 [given]
and P + 1 + 2 = 180°
 1 + 1 = 180° – P
1
 1 = (180° – P)
2
1
 1 = 2 = 90° – P
2
Now, in PTS and PRQ
1
1 = Q [ each is equal to 90° – P]
2
P = P [common]
Hence, by AA similarity rule, we have
PTS ~ PRQ

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Sol. 31. For mean, we have

Classes Frequency ( fi ) Class Mark (xi ) fi xi c.f.
0 – 10 8 5 40 8
10 – 20 16 15 240 24
20 – 30 36 a = 25 900 60
30 – 40 34 35 1190 94
40 – 50 6 45 270 100
Total 100 fixi = 2640
Here, n = fi = 100
 fi xi 2640
Mean = = = 26.4
 fi 100
For mode, we have
Class interval 20 – 30 has the maximum frequency i.e., 36, so 20 – 30 is the modal class.
 f1 – f0 
Mode = l +  2 f – f – f  × h
 1 0 2
 36 – 16 
= 20 +  × 10
 2  36 – 16 – 34 
200
= 20 + = 20 + 9.09 = 29.09
22
For median, we have
N 100
Clearly, = = 50
2 2
50 lies in the class interval 20 – 30.
So, 20 – 30 is the median class.
N 
 2 – c. f .   50 – 24 
Median= l +  × h = 20 +  × 10 = 20 + 7.22 = 27.22
 f 
  36 
Hence, the mean = 26.4, the mode = 29.09 and the median = 27.22.
Sol. 32. Let CD be the tower of height h m, such that AB = 40 m, A = 30°, B = 60°
and BC = x m.
In rt. angled BCD, D
CD
= tan 60°
BC
h
= 3
TOWER
hm
x
h
 x = m
3
In rt.angled ACD, 30° 60°
CD A xm C
40 m B
= tan 30°
AC
h 1
=
40  x 3
1
h = (40 + x)
3
 h  1 40 h
=  40   = 
 3 3 3 3

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h 40
h =
3 3
2 40
h =
3 3
40 3 60 3
h =   
3 2 3 3
60 3
=  20 3
3
= 20(1.732)
= 34.64
Sol. 33. Weekly Wages (in `) Mid - Values (xi ) No. of Workers ( fi ) fi xi
40  43 41.5 31 1286.5
43  46 44.5 58 2581
46  49 47.5 60 2850
49  52 50.5 x 50.5 x
52  55 53.5 27 1444.5
Total fi  176  x fi xi  50.5 x  8162
fi xi
Mean =
fi
50.5 x  8162
47.2 =
176  x
8307.2 + 47.2x = 50.5x + 8162
(50.5 – 47.2)x = 8307.2 – 8162
3.3x = 145.2
145.2
x = = 44
3.3
Hence, the missing frequency is 44.
Sol. 34. Let AB be a house of height 60 m and CD be another house on the opposite side of a street,
such that CAE = 60°, EAD = 45°, AB = ED = 60 m, CE = (h – 60) m and BD = AE.
In rt. angled AED,
ED
= tan 45° = 1
AE C
 ED = AE = 60 m
In rt. angled AEC,
(h - 60) m
hm
CE
= tan 60° = 3
AE
60°
A E
h – 60 = 60 3 45°
60 m 60 m
h = 60 3  60  60( 3  1)m
45°
B D
Hence, the height of the opposite house is 60(1  3)m.
Or
Let AB = 60 m, C and C be the position of cloud and its reflection in the lake, such that
AB = ED = 60 m, CAE = 30°, EAC = 60°
In rt. angled AEC
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S E RI E S
C
EC
= tan 60° = 3
AE
hm
EC = AE 3
30°
A E
h  60 60 m
60°
60 m
= AE ...(i) Lake
3 B D
CE 1 hm
= tan 30° =
AE 3
C
AE 60  h
h – 60 = = [using (i)]
3 3× 3
3h – 180 = 60 + h
2h = 240
h = 120 m
Hence, the height of the cloud above the lake is 120 m.
Sol. 35. Let the speed of wind be x km/h and speed of cycling in still air be y km/h.
 Speed of the boy along the wind = (y + x) km/h
Speed of the boy against the wind = (y – x) km/h
30
=3
yx
 y + x = 10 ...(i)
30
And =5
yx
 y–x =6 ...(ii)
2y = 16
y =8
From eq. (i), we obtain
8 + x = 10
 x = 10 – 8
x =2
Hence, the speed of wind is 2 km/h and the speed of cycling in still air is 8 km/h.
Sol. 36. Volume of cuboid = l × b × h
= 15 × 10 × 3.5
= 525 cm3
1
There are four conical depressions, such that the radius of each depression is cm and depth
2
is 1.4 cm.
Volume of wood taken out to make four conical cavities
1 2
=4× r h
3
4 22 1 1
= × × × × 1.4
3 7 2 2
= 1.47 cm3
Hence, the volume of the wood in the entire stand
= 525 – 1.47
= 523.53 cm3
vvvvv
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Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Here, (p + q) must be an even number, which is divisible by 2.
Hence, the least prime factor of (p + q) is 2.
Or
Let x = 0.36 = 0.3666 ...

 10x = 3.666...
 100x = 36.666...
Now, 100x – 10x = (36.666...) – (3.666...)
 90x = 33
33 11
 x = =
90 30
11
Hence, 0.36 =
30
Sol. 2. Given cubic polynomial p(x) = x3 – 27x2 + 54
b
Sum of zeroes ( +  + ) = = – (– 27) = 27.
a
c 1 3
Sol. 3. For infinitely many solutions, we have    c = 3 or c=9
6 2 2
3 5
Sol. 4. Given linear equations are : x+ y=7
2 3
3 5
or x+ y–7 =0 ...(i)
2 3
and 9x – 10y = 14
or 9x – 10y – 14 =0 ...(ii)
Comparing (i) with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and (ii) with a2x + b2y + c2 = 0, we have
3 5
a1= , b1 = , c1 = – 7, a2 = 9, b2 = – 10 and c2 = – 14
2 3
3 5
a1 2 3 1 1 b1 5 1 1
Now, a2 = 9 = 2 × 9 = 6 and = 3 = × =–
b2 –10 3 –10 6
a1 b
Hence, the given pair of linear equations is consistent and have unique solution [   1 ]
a2 b2
Sol. 5. Here, given A.P. is 27, 24, 21, ...
a = 27, d = – 3 and Sn = 0
n
We know,
2
 2a  (n  1) d  = Sn
n

2
 2 × 27  (n  1)( 3) = 0
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S E RI E S
 54n –3n2 + 3n = 0
 3n2 – 57n = 0
 3n(n – 19) = 0
 n = 0 or n – 19 = 0 n = 19
Rejecting n = 0 (which is not possible)
Hence, the required number of terms is 19.
Or
Here, Sn = n2
Put n =1
S1 = 12 S1 = 1 a1 = 1
Put n =2
S2 = 22 S2 = 4
 a1 + a2 = 4 a2 = 4 – 1 = 3
Now, d = a2 – a1 = 3 – 1 = 2 and n = 10
 an = a + (n – 1)d
a10 = 1 + (10 – 1)2
= 1 + 9 × 2 = 1 + 18
= 19
Hence, the required 10th term is 19.
Sol. 6. Let base of a right triangle be x cm.
 Altitude = x – 7
Now, x + (x – 7)2 = (13)2
2
 x2 + x2 – 14x + 49 – 169 = 0
 2x2 – 14x – 120 = 0
 x2 – 7x – 60 = 0
 (x – 12)(x + 5) = 0
 x = 12
or x = – 5(not possible)
Hence, the other two sides are 12 cm and 5 cm.
3 1
Sol. 7. Given equation is 2x 2  x 0
2 2
D = b2 – 4ac
2
 3   1 
=    4( 2)  
 2  2
9 98 1
= 4 =  0
2 2 2
 Roots of the equation are real and unequal.
Or
2
Given quadratic equation is : 2x – kx + k = 0
b2 – 4ac = 0
2
(–k) – 4(2)k = 0
k2 – 8k = 0
k(k – 8) = 0
k = 0 and k = 8
Sol. 8. We know that, tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are of equal length.
P
 AR = AP  ...(i) A
BR = BQ 
O R T
B
Q

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Now, perimeter of TAB = TA + AB + TB

= TA + AR + BR + TB
= TA + AP + BQ + TB [using (i)]
= TP + TQ = TP + TP
= 2TP [ TQ = TP]
1
Semi-perimeter of TAB = × 2TP = TP
2
= 13 cm
Sol. 9. POB + POA = 180° [a linear pair]
115° + POA = 180°
POA = 180° – 115° = 65°
 OAP = 90°
OAP + APO + POA = 180°
90° + APO + 65° = 180°
APO = 180° – 90° – 65°
APO = 25°
Or
In rt. angled POQ
Q
PQ = OP 2  OQ 2 5 cm
13 cm
= P O
132  5 2
5 cm
= 144  12 cm R
1
Area of quad. PQOR = 2 area of POQ = 2× ×12×5  60 cm 2
2
Sol. 10. Join AC, intersecting EF in G D C
In ADC, EG  DC
 By Thale’s theorem, we have
E F
G
AE AG
= ...(i)
ED GC
In ABC, GF  AB A B
 By Thale’s theorem, we have

AG BF
= ...(ii)
GC FC
AE BF
=
ED FC
Sol. 11. Yes [ 3 : 12 = 3 :2 3  1 : 2]
Sol. 12. tan A = 1  tan A = tan 45°  A = 45°
1
sin B =  sin B = sin 45°  B = 45°
2
Now, cos (A + B) = cos (45° + 45°) = cos 90° = 0
1
Sol. 13. 3x = sec   9x2 = sec2  x2 = sec2
9
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3 9 1 1
 tan   2  tan 2   2
 tan 2 
x x x 9
1 1 1
Now, x2 – 2 = sec 2   tan 2 
x 9 9
1
= (sec2 – tan2)
9
1
= [ sec2 = 1 + tan2  sec2 – tan2 = 1]
9
Sol. 14. Given that ABCD is a rectangle with AD = 6 cm, DC = 8 cm and D = 90°
 AC2 = AD2 + DC2 = 62 + 82
= 36 + 64 = 100
AC = 10 cm
10
AO = OC =
= 5 cm
2
Now, area of the shaded region = Area of circle – Area of rectangle
= 3.14 × 5 × 5 – 6 × 8
= 78.5 – 48
= 30.5 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded region is 30.5 cm2.
Sol. 15. Let the required rainfall in cm be x
 According to the statement of the question, we have
Volume of rainfall = Volume of cylinder
x 22
× 22 × 20 = × 1 × 1 × 3.5
100 7
22 1 × 1 × 3.5 × 100
x = 7 × 22 × 20
= 2.5 cm
Hence, required rainfall is 2.5 cm.
Sol. 16. When three coins are tossed simultaneously, there are 8 outcomes (HHH, HHT, HTH, THH,
HTT, THT, TTH, TTT).
Number of no head is only in one case (TTT)
1
 Required probability =
8
Or
A leap year contains 364 + 2 i.e., 52 weeks + 2 days. The possibility of 2 days are as follows :
(Mon, Tue), (Tue, Wed), (Wed, Thur), (Thur, Fri), (Fri, Sat), (Sat, Sun), (Sun, Mon) i.e., total
7 outcomes.
Now, favourable outcomes = 2 {(Mon, Tue) and (Sun, Mon)}
2
 Required probability =
7
SECTION – II
Height of tree Length of shadow of tree
(i) (a) 540 cm [ 
Height of boy Length of shadow of boy
Height of tree 9
 
90 1.5
 Height of tree = 540 cm]
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(ii) *Replace AB with LM

LM LP LM 3 15
(d) 7.5 m [LPM ~ RPQ      LM = = 7.5 m]
RQ RP 5 2 2
(iii) (a) 1.5 m [ABE ~ ADG by AA similarity criterion
EB AB EB 2 12
 =  =  EB = = 1.5 m]
GD AD 6 8 8
(iv) (d) Their median have a ratio 1 : 2.
AB BC AC
 B = E and = 
DE EF DF
D
B P C E Q P
AB 2BP BP
= 
DE 2EQ EQ
 ABP ~ DEQ
AB AP
 =
DE DQ
1
 = Ratio of the medians]
2
(v) (b) Pythagoras
(i) (a) x-axis
(ii) (c) – 6, 1 [For zeroes of p(x), put p(x) = 0
 x2 + 5x – 6 = 0  (x + 6)(x – 1) = 0  x = – 6 and 1]
(iii) (b) x2 – 4x [S = Sum of zeroes = 0 + 4 = 4 and P = Product of zeroes = 0 × 4 = 0
 Polynomial p(x) = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 4x]
(iv) (d) 2 [p(x) = x2 – 6x + 9 = (x – 3)2 or (x – 3)(x – 3)]
(v) (b) – 3 [Put x = 0, 1, 2 in p(x), we have
1 7 2 3 3 27
p(0) = – 3, p(1) = 1 + – 3 =  , p(2) = 4 +  3  , p(3)  9   3  ]
4 4 4 2 4 4
(i) (a) 64 [Highest frequency = 120 and class interval corresponding to it is 64 – 77]
N
(ii) (d) 141 [Here, N = 200 and = 100 and class interval corresponding to it is 64 – 77
2
 64 –77 is median as well as modal class. Now, required sum = 64 + 77 = 141]
(iii) Replace option (b) 40 with option (b) 160
[Here, qualifying status is given to us is all those students whose grade is equal to and higher
than C i.e., 120 + 30 + 10 = 160]
(iv) (c) 164
82
[Here, total number of students = 200. Now, 82% of 200 = × 200  164]
100
(v) (b) Median
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(i) (c) (5, 5)
46 55
[Coordinates of the mid-point of line segment joining S(4, 5) and R(6, 5) is  ,
 2 2 
i.e., (5, 5)]
(ii) * Replace option (c) 7 with (c) 6.
 5
(c) 6 [Distance of point M  6,  from y-axis = x–coordinate of point M = 6 units]
 2
(iii) * Replace option (c) 6 with (c) 3.
(c) 3 units [Distance between A(1, 1) and H(1, 4) = 4 – 1 = 3 units]
(iv) (d) 3x + y = 23
[Here, |LU|2 = |NU|2
(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = (x – 9)2 + (y – 6)2
x2 – 6x + 9 + y2 – 8y + 16 = x2 – 18x + 81 + y2 – 12y + 36
12x + 4y = 92 or 3x + y = 23]
(v) (b) (4, 1)
[Thus, coordinates of the required point are
 8  4 1 2  12 3 
 1  2 , 1  2  i.e.,  3 , 3  or (4, 1)] 1:2
   
A B
(2, 1) (8, 1)
PART-B
Sol. 21. Here, find the LCM of 30 cm, 36 cm and 40 cm
30 = 2 × 3 × 5
36 = 22 × 32
40 = 23 × 5
LCM of 30, 36 and 40 = 2 × 32 × 5 = 360
3
Hence, the required minimum distance is 360 cm.

Sol. 22. Let P(x, y) divides the line segment joining A(4, – 3) and B(8, 5) in 3 : 1.
 Coordinates of P are
 24  4 15  3   28 12 
P(x, y) = P  ,  i.e., P  ,  or P(7, 3)
 3 1 3 1   4 4 
Or
3:1
Here, |AB| = 10 A B
P
AB2 = 100 (4, –3)
(x, y)
(8, 5)
(13 – 5) + (m + 3)2 = 100
2
64 + m2 + 6m + 9 – 100 = 0
m2 + 6m – 27 = 0
(m + 9)(m – 3) = 0
 m = 3 and m = – 9
Hence, the positive value of m is 3.
Sol. 23. Here, S = Sum of zeroes = 3  2  3  2  6
P = Product of zeroes = (3  2)(3  2) = 9 – 2 = 7 X L
Hence, the required polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 6x + 7

90° 90°
1. Draw a circle with centre O and radius 3.5 cm. P
O
Q
2. Draw the diameter POQ.

3. Construct angle of 90° at the end points P and Q.
4. XPY and LQM are the two tangents at P and Q to the Y M
circle with centre O.

Yes, XPY  LQM, because P + Q = 180°.
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Sol. 25. (1 + cot  – cosec )(1 + tan  + sec )
 cos  1  sin  1 
= 1    1 
 sin  sin   cos  cos  
 sin   cos   1  cos   sin   1 

=   
 sin   cos  
(sin   cos )2  1

=
sin  cos 
sin 2  + cos 2   2sin  cos   1

=
sin  cos 
1  2 sin  cos   1 2sin  cos 

= 
sin  cos  sin  cos  = 2
Or
1
sin  = = sin 30°
2
  = 30°
Now, cot  = cot 30° = 3
Sol. 26. Let the circle touches the sides BC, CA, AB of the right triangle ABC at D, E, F respectively,
where BC = a, CA = b and AB = c. A
Then AE = AF
and BD = BF.
Also, CE = CD = r
c
i.e., b – r = AF, F b
a – r = BF r
O r
or AB = c = AF + BF E
 c =b–r+a–r r
abc
 r = B C
2 D
a
1
Sol. 27. If possible, let us suppose that (3  2 5) be a rational number..
2
1 p
 (3  2 5) = q , where q  0 and p, q are integers
2
3 p
 5 =
2 q
p 3 2p  3q Integer
5 =    = rational number
q 2 2q Integer
Which contradicts the fact that 5 is irrational (given).
Hence, 1 (3  2 5) is an irrational.
2
Sol. 28. Given quadratic equation is kx2 + 4x + 4 = 0
b 4 c 4
+ =– = and  = 
a k a k
16
 2 + 2 + 2 =
k2
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4 16
24 + 2   = 2 [ 2 + 2 = 24 (given)]
k k
1 2
3+ = 2
k k
or 3k2 + k – 2 = 0
3k2 + 3k – 2k – 2 = 0
3k(k + 1) – 2(k + 1) = 0
(k + 1)(3k – 2) = 0
2
 k = – 1 and k=
3
Or
* If sum of the squares of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 8x + k is 40, find
the value of k and two zeroes of the polynomial.
f(x) = x2 – 8x + k
 +  = 8 and  = k
Given that  + 2 = 40
2
( + )2 – 2 = 40
82 – 2k = 40
2k = 64 – 40 = 24
k = 12
2 2
Now, f(x) = x – 8x + 12 = x – 2x – 6x + 12 = (x – 2)(x – 6).
Hence, the value of k is 12 and the zeroes of polynomial f(x) are 2 and 6.
Sol. 29. Let us mark four unshaded parts as I, II, III and IV.
Area of I + Area of III = Area of ABCD – Area of two semicircles A B
of radius 5 cm each I
= 100 – 3.14 × 5 × 5 = 21.5 cm2
Area of II + Area of IV = Area of ABCD – Area of two semicircles
IV II 10 cm
of radius 5 cm each
= 100 – 3.14 × 5 × 5 = 21.5 cm2
Area of shaded part = Area of ABCD III
– Area of (I + II + III + IV) D 10 cm C
= 100 – 2 × 21.5
= 100 – 43
= 57 cm2
Sol. 30. Given : ABC is right-angled at B.
To Prove : AC2 = AB2 + BC2.
Const. : Draw BD  AC.
Proof : ADB ~ ABC
B
A C
D
[ ADB = ABC = 90°

and A = A (common)]
AD AB
 = [sides of similar s are proportional]
AB AC
 AB2 = AD × AC ...(i)

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Similarly, CDB ~ CBA [ C = C, CDB = CBA = 90°]

CD BC
BC AC
 BC2 = CD × AC ... (ii)
AB2 + BC2 = AD × AC + CD × AC
AB2 + BC2 = (AD + CD) × AC
= AC × AC R
= AC2
6
Hence, 2 2
AB + BC = AC2
Or
Here, QN  PR
N
 1 = 2 = 90° 2
1
Also, PN.NR = QN.QN 4
3 5
PN QN P Q
 =
QN NR
 PNQ ~ QNR
 3 = 4
and 5 = 6 [ corresponding angles of similar s]
Now, inPQR, we have
3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 180°
4 + 4 + 5 + 5 = 180° [ 3 = 4 and 6= 5]
 2(4 + 5) = 180º
 4 + 5 = 90°
 PQR = 90°
Sol. 31. Height (in cm) No. of Girls c. f .
Less than 140 4 4
140  145 7 11
145  150 18 29
150  155 11 40
155  160 6 46
160  165 5 51
Total 51
N 51
Here, N = 51 and   25.5
2 2
c.f. 25.5 lies in 145 – 150, so, 145 – 150 is the median class
N
l = 145, = 25.5, c.f. = 11, f = 18 and h = 5
2
N 
 2  c. f . 
Median = l +  ×h
 f 
 25.5  11 
= 145 + 
18 ×5
 
72.5
= 145 + = 145 + 4.03 = 149.03 cm
18

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Sol. 32. Let AD = h km be the height of aeroplane above the horizontal road and B, C are positions
of two stones on the road. So ABD = 60°, ACB = 30°, BC = 1 km.
Let BD = x km, then CD = (1 – x) km
A
Consider a rt. ABD, we have
60° 30°
AD
= tan 60°
BD
h
h
 = 3
x
30°
 h =3x ...(i) B C
D
x (1 – x)
Now, consider a rt. ACD, we have
1
AD
= tan 30°
CD
h 1
 =
1 x 3
 3h = 1 – x
 3  3x = 1 – x [using (i)]
 3x = 1 – x
 4x = 1
1
 x = km
4
Putting the value of x in (i), we have
1 3
h = 3 = km
4 4
3
 Height of aeroplane = km
4
Sol. 33. Class Interval Class Mark (xi ) Frequency ( fi ) fi xi
0  20 10 7 70
20  40 30 8 240
40  60 50 fi 50 fi
60  80 70 10 700
80  100 90 f2 90 f2
100  120 110 5 550
Total fi  30  f1  f2 fi xi  1560  50 f1  90 f2
Here, fi = 30 + f1 + f2 = 50
 f1 + f2 = 50 – 30 = 20
 f 2 = 20 – f1 ...(i)
fi xi
Mean =
fi
1560  50 fi  90 f2
57.6 =
50
57.6 × 50 – 1560 = 50f1 + 90f2
2880 – 1560 = 50f1 + 90f2
1320 = 50f1 + 90f2
5f1 + 9f2 = 132
5f1 + 9(20 – f1) = 132 [using (i)]
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5f1 + 180 – 9f1 = 132

4f 1 = 48  f1 = 12
From (i), f 2 = 20 – 12 = 8
Sol. 34. Let AB be the first tree of height h m and CD be the second C
tree of height 80 m, such that CAE = 45°, AB = ED = h m 45°
CE (80–h) m 80 m
= tan 45° = 1
AE A
45°
E
80 – h = 60 [ AE = BD = 80 m] h m 60 m
hm
h = 80 – 60 = 20
B 60 m D
Hence, the height of the first tree is 20 m.
Or
Let AB be the mountain of height h m, such that APB = 45°, AQR = 60°, QPS = 30°,
PQ = 1.5 km or 1500 m
A
In rt. angled PSQ
QS 1 PQ 1500
= sin 30° =  QS =   750 m
PQ 2 2 2
60° hm
PS 3 PQ 3 R
= cos 30° =  PS =  750 3 m km Q
PQ 2 2 1.5
In rt. angled PBA 45° 30°

P S B
AB
= tan 45° = 1  AB = PB = h m
PB
SB = QR = PB – PS = h – 750 3
AR = AB – RB = h – 750 [ RB = QS]
In rt. angled QRA
AR
= tan 60°
QR
h  750
= 3
h  750 3
h – 750 = 3 h – 750 × 3
( 3 – 1)h = 1500
h = 1500  1500 × 3 1
 750 (1.732 + 1)
3 1 3 1 3 1
= 750 × 2.732 = 2049 m or 2.049 km
Hence, the height of the mountain is 2.049 km.
Sol. 35. Volume of the iron pillar = Volume of conical part 30
cm
+ Volume of cylindrical part
1 2 8 cm
= r h  r 2 H
3
h 
= r 2   H 
240 cm
3 
22  30 
= × 8 × 8  240 
7  3 
22
= × 8 × 8 × 250 cm3 8 cm
7
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22
Weight of the pillar = × 64 × 250 × 7.8 g
7
22 × 64 × 250 × 7.8
= kg
7 × 1000
= 392.229 kg
Sol. 36. Let ` x and ` y be the cost price of one chair and one table respectively.
125 110
x y = 1520
100 100
125x + 110y = 152000 ...(i)
110 125
And x y = 1535
100 100
110x + 125y = 153500 ...(ii)
235x + 235y = 305500
or x + y = 1300 ...(iii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
15x – 15y = – 1500
or x – y = –100 ...(iv)
Adding (iii) and (iv), we obtain
2x = 1200
x = 600
From eq. (iii), we have
600 + y = 1300
y = 1300 – 600
y = 700
Hence, the cost price of one chair is ` 600 and the cost price of one table is ` 700.
vvvvv

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Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Here, p = x3y2z and q = x2yz3
LCM of p and q = x3y2z3
Or
5000 = 23 × 54
257 257 2 514 514

Now, = 5000 × 2  10000   0.0514
5000 (10)4
Sol. 2. p(x) = x2 + px + 45
Let  and  be the zeroes of this polynomial
 +=–p and  = 45
2
Also, ( – ) = 144   –  =  12 i.e.,  –  = 12 and  –  = – 12
  +  +  –  = – p + 12 and  +  +  –  = – p – 12
 2  = – p + 12 and 2 = – p – 12
Also,  +  –  +  = – p – 12 and  +  –  +  = – p + 12
 2 = – p – 12 and 2 = – p + 12
Now,  = 45 or 2 × 2 = 4 × 45
 (– p + 12)(– p – 12) = 180
 (– p)2 – 144 = 180  p2 = 180 + 144 = 324
 p = ± 324 = ± 18
Hence, the value of p is ± 18.
Sol. 3. For infinite number of solutions, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b2 c 2
2 3 7
= 
pq 2 p  q 21
 p + q = 6 and 2p – q = 9  3p = 15  p = 5
And 5+q =6  q=1
Hence, values of p and q are p = 5 and q = 1.
Sol. 4. Let ` x and ` y be the cost price of one chair and one table.
 4x + 3y = 2100 and
5x + 2y = 1750
Which is the required linear pair as per given situation.
Q. 5. * How many terms are there in the sequence 3, 6, 9, 12, ...., 111 ?
Sol. Here, a = 3, d = 6 – 3 = 3 and an = 111
Now, a + (n – 1)d = an
3 + (n – 1)3 = 111
111  3 108
n–1 =   36
3 3
 n = 36 + 1 = 37
Or
an = a + (n – 1)d = 50
a + (16 – 1)3 = 50
a = 50 – 45 = 5
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S E RI E S

D = b2 – 4ac = 0
2
(–k) – 4(2)(8) = 0
k2 = 64
k = ±8
Sol. 7. 3 3 x 2  10 x  3 = 0
3 3x2  9x  x  3 = 0
3 3 x(x  3)  1(x  3) = 0
(x  3)(3 3 x  1) = 0
1
 x =– 3 and x = –
3 3
Or
For real roots, we have
D 0
b2 – 4ac  0
k2 – 4(2)(–8)  0
k2 + 64  0
Which is true for all real values of k.
Hence, all real values of k.
 TQ = TP ...(i)
And TR = TP ...(ii)
TQ = TR
 AP = AS, BP = BQ, CQ = CR and DR = DS
Let DR = DS = x cm
 CR = CQ = (4 – x) cm
BQ = BP = BC – CQ = 7 – (4 – x) = 7 – 4 + x = (x + 3) cm
AP = AS = AB – BP = 6 – (x + 3) = (3 – x) cm
Now, AD = AS + DS = 3 – x + x = 3 cm
Or
In rt. angled OAP, OAP = 90°
OP = OA 2 +AP 2  5 2  122  25  144  169  13 cm

In rt. angled OBP, OBP = 90°
BP = OP 2  OB 2  132  32  169  9  160  16 × 10  4 10 cm

Sol. 10. * Replace 6 cm with 16 cm. D
We know that diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular bisector
of each other.
cm
 AO = CO, DO = BO and AOD = 90°

10
In rt. angled AOD, A C

8 cm O 8 cm
OD = AD2  AO2  10 2  82  100  64  36  6 cm
Thus, BD = 2 × 6 = 12 cm
Sol. 11. True. B

 A pair of tangents can be constructed to a circle inclined at an angle less than 180°
[170°<180°]
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5
Sol. 12. tan A =
12
25 169
sec2A = 1 + tan2A = 1 + 
144 144
13 12
sec A = and cos A =
12 13
144 25 5
sin2A = 1 – cos2A = 1 –   sin A =
169 169 13
 5 12  13 17 13 17
Now, (sin A + cos A) sec A =   ×  × 
 13 13  12 13 12 12
Sol. 13. tan  = 2 1
BC 2 1 C
  BC = ( 2  1)k and AB = k
AB 1
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
= (1 + 2 + 1 – 2 2 )k = (4 – 2 2 )k ( 2 – 1)k
AC = ( 4  2 2 )k 
2 1 1 A k B
Now, sin  = and cos  
42 2 42 2
2 1 1
sin  cos  = ×
42 2 42 2
2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2
=    × 
4  2 2 2 2( 2  1) 2 2 2 2 2 4
Sol. 14. Area of square = 484 cm2
Side × Side = 22 × 22
Side = 22 cm
Circumference of circle = Perimeter of square
2r = 4 × 22
4 × 22
r = × 7 = 14 cm
2 × 22
22
Area of circle = r2 = × 14 × 14 = 616 cm2
7
Sol. 15. Volume of wire = Volume of sphere
4 3 3 3
r2 × 36 =
× × ×
3 100 100 100
4 3 3 3 1 1
r2 = × × × × 
3 100 100 100 36 1000000
1
r = m = 0.1 cm or 1 mm
1000
Sol. 16. Total number of 2-digit numbers = 90
Total numbers of multiple of 3 = 30
[12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57,
60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84, 87, 90, 93, 96, 99]
30 1
90 3
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Or
Total number of lottery tickets = 100
Number of lottery tickets with prize = 5
5 1
100 20
SECTION – II
Sol. 17. Case Study Based-1:
(i) (a) (4, 4)
 26 08 
[Mid-point of line segment AB =  , i.e., (4,4)]
 2 2 
(ii) (b) 11 units
[Distance of point F from y-axis = x-coordinate of F = 11 units]
(iii) (c) 260 units
[|PQ| = (14  0)2  (0  8)2  196  64  260 units]
1:3
 23 9 
(iv) (d)  ,  J F
 4 2 (4, 4) Z (11, 6)
 11  12 6  12   23 18   23 9 
[Coordinates of Z =  ,  ,  , ]
 1 3 1  3   4 4   4 2 
(v) (c) 8 sq. units
[Area of window STUV = l × b = 4 × 2 = 8 sq. units]
Sol. 18. Case Study Based-2:
(i) (b) parabola
(ii) (c) (3, – 5)
[Here, x2 + 2x – 15 = x2 + 5x – 3x – 15 = x(x + 5) – 3(x + 5) = (x – 3)(x + 5)]
(iii) (b) 3
[For zero, put x2 – x – 6 = 0  (x – 3)(x + 2) = 0  x = 3 and x = – 2]
(iv) (b) intersects x-axis
(v) (d) 2
1
[ g(x) = (x + 3)(x – 1) – 3 (x – ) = x2 + 2x – 3 – 3x + 1 = x2 – x – 2,
3
which is a quadratic polynomial]
(i) *Replace option (d) 17.17 cm with (d) 23 cm
(d) 23 cm
5 × 21  15 × 9  25 × 6  35 × 14  45 × 5  55 × 5 1380
[Mean rainfall (in cm) =   23]
21  9  6  14  5  5 60
(ii) *What is the median rainfall for 60 days ?
(c) 20 cm
N 60  30  21 
[Here,   30, median class = 10  20. Median = 10 +  × 10  10  10  20]
2 2  9 
(iii) (b) 20
[Here, median class is 10 – 20 and modal class is 0 – 10 (highest frequency)
Required sum = 10 + 10 = 20]
(iv) (a) 0 [Lower limit of modal class (0 – 10) = 0]
(v) (c) Mode
Sol. 20. (i) (a) AA similarity criterion
(ii) (d) Converse of Pythagoras theorem
(iii) (b) 3 : 4
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[Here, ABC~DEF, A
AB BC CA
B = E and = =
AD EF FD
AB BQ+QC BQ+BQ 2BQ BQ

 = =   B Q C
AD EP+PF EP+EP 2EP EP
D
Now, in ABQ and DEP
AB BQ
= and B = E
DE EP
AQ AB 3 F
 =  ] E P
DP DE 4
(iv) (a) 21 cm
Perimeter of ABC AB Perimeter of ABC 7
   
Perimeter of DEF DE 27 9
 Perimeter of ABC = 21 cm]
(v) (c) 45 cm
Length of Pole Height of Tower 6 Height of Tower
[Here, Shadow of Pole = Shadow of Tower  
4 30
6 × 30
 Height of Tower =  45 cm]
4
PART-B
Sol. 21. Height of each stack is the multiple of HCF of the number of books is three subjects English,
Hindi and Mathematics
96 = 25 × 3
240 = 24 × 3 × 5
336 = 24 × 3 × 7
HCF of 96, 240 and 336 = 24 × 3 = 48
 Height of English books = 96  48 = 2
Height of Hindi books = 240  48 = 5
Height of Mathematics books = 336  48 = 7
A
Sol. 22. Let A(8, 6), B(8, – 2) and C(2, –2) be the vertices of the given (8,6)
triangle and let P(x, y) be the circumcentre of this triangle, then
|PA| = |PB|= |PC|
 PA2 = PB2 = PC2
PA2 = PB2
P
(x – 8)2 + (y – 6)2 = (x – 8)2 + (y + 2)2 (x,y)
y2 – 12y + 36 = y2 + 4y + 4
B C(2, –2)
16y = 32 y=2 (8, –2)
PB2 = PC2
(x – 8)2 + (y + 2)2 = (x – 2)2 + (y + 2)2
x2 – 16x + 64 = x2 – 4x + 4
12x = 60  x=5
Hence, the coordinates of the circumcentre P are (5, 2).
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Or
A (6, 4)
AB = (6  5)2  (4  2)2  37
AC = (6  7)2  (4  2)2  37
 AB = AC
So, ABC is isosceles. B D C
Let D be the mid-point of BC. (5, –2) (6, –2) (7, –2)
 5  7 2  2 
Then, coordinates of D are  , i.e., D(6, – 2)
 2 2 
Thus, AD = (6  6)2  (4  2)2  6 2  6 units
2  1 43 1
Sol. 23. Sum of zeroes ( + ) =    
3  2  6 6
 2  1  2
Product of zeroes () =      
 3  2  6
1 2
 Required polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – x or 6x2 – x – 2
6 6
1. Draw a circle with centre O and radius 6 cm.
2. Draw a radius OA.
3. Construct an angle OAX equal to 90°. O
4. Construct an angle AOY equal to complement of 30° 60°

i.e., 60° and let it intersect AX in B.
6 cm
Thus, AB is the required tangent.
X 30° 90°
B A
Y
Sol. 25. L.H.S. = (1 + tan A tan B)2 + (tan A – tan B)2
= 1 + tan2A tan2B + 2 tan A tan B + tan2A + tan2B – 2 tan A tan B
= tan2A + tan2B + tan2A tan2B + 1
= tan2A +tan2A tan2B + 1 + tan2B
= tan2A (1 + tan2B) + 1(1 + tan2B)
= (1 + tan2A) (1 + tan2B)
= sec2A sec2B [ sec2A = 1 + tan2A]
= R.H.S.
Or
sin  + cos  = p
sec  + cosec  = q
1 1

cos  sin  = q
sin   cos 
cos  sin  = q
p
cos  sin  = q
p
Now, q(p2 – 1) = cos  sin  ((sin  + cos )2 – 1)
p
= cos  sin  (sin2  + cos2  + 2 sin  cos  – 1)

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p
= cos  sin  (1 + 2 sin  cos  – 1)
p
= cos  sin  × 2 sin  cos  = 2p
 PA = PB, LA = LM and NM = NB
Now, PL + LA = PN + NB [ PA = PB]
PL + LM = PN + MN [ LA = LM and NB = MN]
3
Sol. 27. If possible, let us assume that 5 2  be a rational number..
2
3 p
 5 2  , where q  0 ; p and q are integers
2 q
10  3 p
=
2 q
7q
= 2
p
Integer
= 2
Integer
Rational number = 2
Which contradicts the fact that 2 is irrational.
Hence, 5 2  3 is an irrational number..

2
Sol. 28. Here, 2 is a root of quadratic equation 2x2 + px + 4 = 0
 2(2)2 + 2p + 4 = 0
 2p = – 12  p=–6
Also, 2
2x – 6x + 4 = 0
 2x2 – 2x – 4x + 4 = 0
 2x(x – 1) – 4(x – 1) = 0
 (x – 1)(2x – 4) = 0
 x = 1 or x = 2
Hence, the value of p is – 6 and other root of the equation is 1.
Or
Area of rectangular field = 400 m2
 lb = 400 ...(i)
Perimeter of rectangular field = 82 m
2(l + b) = 82  l + b = 41  l = 41 – b ...(ii)
(41 – b)b = 400
41b – b2 = 400 or b2 – 41b + 400 = 0
 (b – 16)(b – 25) = 0  b = 16 and b = 25
b = 25 is not possible because l > b.
From (ii), l = 41 – 16 = 25
Hence, the length of the field is 25 m and breadth is 16 m.

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3.5 7
Sol. 29. Length of the boundary = 7 + 2 
2 2
22  7 7
= 7 + 
7  2 2
22 28
= × = 44 cm
7 2
1 22 22 3.5 3.5 1 22 7 7
× ×7 ×7 
Area of the shaded region = × ×  × × ×
2 7 7 2 2 2 7 2 2
= 77 – 9.625 + 19.25
= 96.25 – 9.625 = 86.625 cm2
Sol. 30. Suppose the median AD intersects PQ at E.
Now, PQ  BC
 APE = B and AQE = C [corresponding angles]
So, in triangles APE and ABD, we have
APE = ABD
and PAE = BAD [common]
 APE ~ ABD [by AA similarity criterion]
PE AE
 = ...(i)
BD AD
Similarly, we have A
AQE ~ ACD
QE AE
 = ...(ii)
CD AD P Q
E
PE QE
=
BD CD B D C
PE QE
 = [ AD is the median,  BD = CD]
BD BD
 PE = QE
Hence, AD bisects PQ.
Or
*Through the vertex D of a parallelogram ABCD, a line is drawn to intersect the sides BA and
BC producted at E and F respectively. Prove that
AE BE CD
= 
DA FB FC
In EAD and DCF, we have
1 = 2 [ AB  DC  corresponding angles are equal]
3 = 4 [ AD  BC  corresponding angles are equal]
Therefore, by AA criterion of similarity, we have
EAD ~ DCF
EA AD DE F
 = =
DC CF FD
4
EA AD
 = D 2
DC CF C
3
AD CF
 = ...(i)
AE CD 1
E A B

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Now, in EAD and EBF, we have

1 = 1 [common]
3 = 4
So, by AA criterion of similarity, we have
EAD ~ EBF
EA AD ED
 = =
EB BF EF
EA AD
 =
EB BF
AD FB
 =
AE BE
AD FB CF AE BE CD
=  or  
AE BE CD DA FB FC
Sol. 31. Class Interval Class Mark (xi ) Frequency ( fi ) fi xi
0  20 10 7 70
20  40 30 p 30 p
40  60 50 10 500
60  80 70 9 630
80  100 90 13 1170
Total fi  p  39 fi xi  30 p  2370
fi xi
Mean =
fi
30 p  2370
54 =
p  39
54p + 2106 = 30p + 2370
24p = 264
p = 11
Sol. 32. Let AB be the tree of height 12 m and broken by wind from point C, h m above the ground
and touches the ground at D, such that CDB = 30°, AB = 12 m, CB = h m
A
 AC = DC = (12 – h) m
In rt. angled DBC
CB
= sin 30°
CD
h 1 C 12 m
=
12  h 2
2h = 12 – h h) hm
2– (1
3h = 12
30°
h =4m D B
Sol. 33. Class Interval No. of Students c. f .
0  10 5 5
10  20 x x5
20  30 20 x  25
30  40 15 x  40
40  50 y x  y  40
50  60 5 x  y  45
Total 60

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Median is 28.5
 20 – 30 is the median class
N 60
l = 20,   30, c.f. = x + 5, f = 20 and h = 10
2 2
N 
 2  c. f . 
Median = l +   h
 f 
 30  x  5 
28.5 = 20 + 
20  × 10
 
25  x
8.5 =
2
17 = 25 – x  x = 25 – 17 = 8
Also, x + y + 45 = 60
x + y = 60 – 45
8 + y = 15 y =15 – 8 = 7
Sol. 34. Let AB be the position of girl of height 1.2 m, P and Q be the position of balloon, such that
AB = 1.2 m, QU = 88.2 m, QS = 88.2 – 1.2 = 87 m, PAR = 60°, QAS = 30°
In rt. angled ARP
P Q
PR
= tan 60° = 3
AR
87 m
88.2 m
87 87
= 3  AR = or 29 3 m 87 m
AR 3
In rt. angled ASQ 60°
30°
A R S
1 1.2 m 1.2 m
QS
= tan 30° = B
AS 3 T U
87 1
=
AR + RS 3
 AR + RS = 87 3  RS = 87 3 – AR = 87 3 – 29 3 = 58 3 m
A C
Hence, distance travelled by balloon is 58 3 m.
Or
Let A and B be the two positions of an aeroplane and O be
1500 3 m
1500 3 m
the point of observation, such that AOB = 60° and

COD = 30°, AB = CD = 1500 3 m.
In rt. angled OBA
60° 30°
AB O B 15 secs. D
= tan 60° = 3
OB
AB 1500 3
AB = OB 3  OB =   1500 m
3 3
In rt. angled ODC
CD 1
= tan 30° =
OD 3
3 CD = OD
 3 (1500 3)  OB + BD  BD = 4500 – 1500 = 3000 m

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S E RI E S
3000 m 3 × 60 × 60
Speed of the aeroplane = = km/h = 720 km/h
15 secs 15
Sol. 35. Slant height of conical part (l) = 42  42

= 4 2 cm
2 3 1 2
r  r h
4 cm
Volume of toy =
3 3
8 cm
r 2 4 cm
= (2r  h)
3
22 4 × 4
= × (8  4)
7 3
22 16 1408
= × × 12  cm 3
7 3 7
Side of the cube = 8 cm
Volume of cube = 8 × 8 × 8 = 512 cm3
1408 2176
Difference of volume of cube and toy = 512 – = cm3
7 7
Total surface area of the toy = 2r2 + rl
= r(2r + l)
22
= × 4(8  4 2)
7
22
× 4 × 13.656 = 171.68 cm2
=
7
Sol. 36. Let the speed of the train be x km/h and that of the car be y km/h. We have following cases :
Case I : When he travels 250 km by train and the rest by car :
In this case, we have
250
Time taken by the man to travel 250 km by train = hrs
x
120
Time taken by the man to travel (370 – 250) = 120 km by car = hrs
y
250 120
 Total time taken by the man to cover 370 km = 
x y
It is given that the total time taken is 4 hours
250 120
  =4
x y
125 60
  =2 ...(i)
x y
Case II : When he travels 130 km by train and the rest by car :
In this case, we have
130
Time taken by the man to travel 130 km by train = hrs
x
240
Time taken by the man to travel (370 – 130) = 240 km by car = hrs
y

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In this case, total time of the journey is 4 hrs 18 minutes.

130 240
  = 4 hrs 18 minutes
x y
130 240 18
  =4
x y 60
130 240 43
  = ...(ii)
x y 10
Thus, we obtain the following system of equations :
125 60
 =2
x y
130 240 43
 =
x y 10
1 1
Putting  u and  v, the above system reduces to
x y
125u + 60v = 2 ...(iii)
43
130u + 240v = ...(iv)
10
Multiplying equation (iii) by 4, the above system of equations becomes
500u + 240v = 8 ...(v)
43
130u + 240v = ...(vi)
10
Subtracting equation (vi) from equation (v), we have
43 37 1
370u = 8 –  370u =  u=
10 10 100
1
Putting u = in equation (v), we have
100
1
5 + 240v = 8  240v = 3  v =
80
1 1
Now, u = and v =
100 80
1 1 1 1
 = and 
x 100 y 80
 x = 100 and y = 80.
Hence, speed of the train is 100 km/h and speed of the car is 80 km/h.
vvvvv

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Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. We know that :
Product of two numbers = HCF × LCM
45 × Other number = 9 × 360
9  360
Other number = = 72
45
Or
390 3  5  26 26 26  24 416
  4  4 4
  0.0416
9375 3  5  625 5 5 2 (10)4
Hence, terminating.
Sol. 2. p(x) = ax2 – x – (a + 1)
= ax2 + ax – (a + 1)x – (a + 1)
= ax(x + 1) – (a + 1) (x + 1) = (x + 1) (ax – (a + 1))
q(x) = x2 – ax – (a + 1)
= x2 + x – (a + 1)x – (a + 1)
= x(x + 1) – (a + 1) (x + 1) = (x + 1) (x – (a + 1))
Hence, the required common factor is x + 1.
Sol. 3. For inconsistent linear equations, we have
a1 b1 c1
= 
a2 b2 c 2
1 2 5
= 
3 k 15
 k =6
Sol. 4. For coincident lines, we have
a1 b1 c1
= 
a2 b2 c 2
a b c
= 
d e f
 ae = bd and bf = ce.
Sol. 5. Here, a4 = 0 a + 3d = 0 ...(i)
Now, 3a11 = 3(a + 10d)
= 3a + 30d
= a + 24d + 2a + 6d
= a25 + 2(a + 3d) = a25 + 2(0) [using (i)]
= a25

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S E RI E S
Or
Here, a12 = –13 a + 11d = –13 ...(i)
4
S4 = 24  (2a + 3d) = 24 2a + 3d = 12 ...(ii)
2
From (i) and (ii), we obtain
2a + 3d – 2(a + 11d) = 12 – 2(–13)
(3 – 22)d = 12 + 26 –19d = 38 d = –2
From (i), we obtain a = –13 – 11d = –13 – (11)(–2) = –13 + 22 = 9
10
Now, S10 = (2 × 9 + 9 × (–2)) = 5(18 – 18) = 5 × 0 = 0
2
Sol. 6. Here, 1 is a zero of given quadratic polynomial p(x)
 p(1) = 0
 a(1)2 – 3(a – 1) – 1 = 0
 a – 3a + 3 – 1 = 0 –2a + 2 = 0 –2a = –2 a = 1.
Sol. 7. 5x2 – 6x – 2 = 0
b  b 2  4 ac 6  36  40 6  76
x =  
2a 10 10
6  2 19 3  19
= 
10 5
Or
Given quadratic equation is p(x) = ax2 + 7x + b = 0
2
2  2  2  2
Put x  , p    a    7    b  0 4a + 9b = – 42 ...(i)
3  3  3  3
Put x = – 3, p(– 3) = a(– 3)2 + 7(– 3) + b = 0 9a + b = 21 ...(ii)

4a + 9b – 81a – 9b = – 42 – 189 –77a = –231 a = 3
From (ii), we have
9(3) + b = 21 b = 21 – 27 = – 6
Hence, values of a and b are a = 3 and b = – 6.
 AP = AR = 4 cm, PB = BQ = 3 cm and CQ = CR
Now, BC = BQ + CQ
= 3 + CR = 3 + AC – AR = 3 + 11 – 4 = 10 cm
Sol. 9. Since AOB is a diameter of the given circle
 ACB = 90°
In ACB, CBA = 180° – CAB – ACB = 180° – 30° – 90° = 60°
Now, PCA = CBA = 60° [ angles in the corresponding alternate
segment are equal]
Or
We know that angle between two radii and angle between the tangents at the ends of the radii
are supplement.
 Angle between the tangents at the ends of the radii = 180° – 130° = 50°.
Sol. 10. In ACD and CBD
CAD = BCD
ACD = CBD and D = D = 90°
 ACD ~ CBD

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CD BD
 = C
AD CD
CD  CD
 BD =
AD
A D B
55  55 55
BD =  cm
3 3
[ In rt. ADC, CD = AC 2  AD 2  64  9  55]

Sol. 11. A5 and B6 [ Required ratio is 5 : 6]
1
Sol. 12. cos  = = cos 60° = 60°
2
1
tan = = tan 30°  = 30°
3
Now, sin () = sin (60° + 30°) = sin 90° = 1
Sol. 13. cos  + sin  = 2 cos 
cos  ( 2  1) = sin 
 1 2 1
cos  = 
 2 1
  sin   ( 2  1)sin   2 sin   sin 
 2  1 
cos  – sin  = 2 sin 

Sol. 14. We know that sum of all interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360°
22
 Area of shaded region = r2 = × 7 × 7 = 154 cm2
7
1
Area of the trapezium = (AB + CD) × distance between AB and CD
2
1
= (18 + 32) × 14 = 25 × 14 = 350 cm2
2
Area of required unshaded region = 350 – 154 = 196 cm2
Sol. 15. Total surface area of the remaining block
= Curved surface area of the cylinder
+ 2 (Curved surface of hemisphere)
= 2rh + 2 × 2r2
= 2r(h + 2r) 20 cm
22 10.5
= 2  (20 + 10.5)
7 2
= 33 × 30.5 = 1006.5 cm2
Total number of red face cards = 6
6 3
52 26

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S E RI E S
Or
Total numbers = 50
Total prime numbers upto 50 = 15
15 3
50 10
SECTION – II
(i) (c) 15 cm
60
[Here, height of candle = × 2.5 = 15 cm ( OAB ~ OAB)]
10
(ii) (a) 3, 9
2 4 6 x 6
[Scale factor =   3 and   x  9]
2 2 3 2
(iii) (b) They are not the mirror image of one another
(iv) (b) 25 cm
[In BDE, G and F are mid-points of BD and BE, therefore, by using mid-point theorem,
we have
1 1
FG =  ED   50  25 cm]
2 2
bc bc
(v) * Replace option (d) with option (d)
ca ac
bc
(d) [Here, in KNO and KLM, K = K and N = L = 45°
ac
KNO ~ KLM
KN KL x xb bc
     ax  cx  bc  x  ]
NO LM c a ac
(i) (c) (1, 3)
[For zeroes, we have x2 – 4x + 3 = 0 (x – 1) (x – 3) = 0 x = 1 and x = 3]
(ii) (d) parabola
(iii) (a) x2 – 16
[Here, = 0 and = 4 = – 4, therefore, product of zeroes = 4 × (– 4) = –16
 Parabolic trajectory = x2 – 16]
(iv) (c) 0
[p(x) = (x – 2)2 + 5 = x2 – 4x + 4 + 5 = x2 – 4x + 9
Now, D = b2 – 4ac = (– 4)2 – 4(1)(9) = 16 – 36 = – 20 < 0
No real root exist]
(v) (b) 5
[p(y) = 5y2 + 14y + k, one zero is reciprocal of other zero
 1 c
Product of zeroes = ()   

  a
k
 1 =  k  5]
5
(i) (a) 30
N
[Here, N = 40 and = 20, which lies in 20 – 30 class interval]
2
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S E RI E S
(ii) (b) 26.25

5  3  15  11  25  9  35  12  45  5 1050
[Mean    26.25]
40 40
(iii) (c) centered at the class marks of the classes
(iv) (b) 60
[Here, 12 is the highest frequency, therefore, 30 – 40 is the modal class and 20 – 30 is
the median class.
Hence, required sum = 30 + 30 = 60]
(v) (d) 26
[Number of students getting more than passing marks i.e., more than 20 = 9 + 12 + 5
= 26]
 11 
(i) (a)  , 5
 2 
[Coordinates of the mid-point of line segment joining J(4, 5) and L(7, 5) are
 4  7 5  5  11 
 ,  i.e.,  , 5 ]
2 2  2 
(ii) (b) 9
2 2 2
[Distance between A(1, 6) and D(10, 6) = (10  1)  (6  6)  9  9 units]
(iii) * Replace option (c) 3 with option (c) 6.5
1 1 1
(c) 6.5 [Distance of point I  6 , 4  from y-axis = x-coordinate of I = 6 or 6.5 units]
 2 2 2
 17 28  7 
(iv) * Replace option (d)  ,  with option (d)  2 , 9 
 5 5   
 9 
7   13 
(d)  , 9  [Coordinates of P are P  2 , 9  36 
2   2 3 2 3  2:3
 7 
i.e., P  , 9 ] A P I
2  ( 3 , 12) ( 13 , 9 )
2 2 2
(v) (d) 2x – 11 = 0
[P(x, y) is equidistant from J(4, 5) and L(7, 5)  |JP|=|LP|
or JP2 = LP2 (x – 4)2 + (y – 5)2 = (x – 7)2 + (y – 5)2
x2 – 8x + 16 = x2 – 14x + 49
6x – 33 = 0 or 2x – 11 = 0]
PART-B
Sol. 21. Length of the longest rod is the HCF of 8 m 25 cm, 6 m 75 cm and 4 m 50 cm
8 m 25 cm = 825 cm = 3 × 52 × 11
6 m 75 cm = 675 cm = 33 × 52
4 m 50 cm = 450 cm = 2 × 32 × 52
HCF of 825, 675 and 450 = 3 × 52 = 75
Hence, the length of the longest rod is 75 cm.
Sol. 22. Let coordinates of ABC be A(–1, 3), B(6, 4) and C(3, 0)
AB = (6  1)2  (4  3)2  49  1  50  5 2
BC = (3  6)2  (0  4)2  9  16  25  5
CA = (1  3)2  (3  0)2  16  9  25  5

Here, BC = CA

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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
And +BC2 = CA2 AB2 [ 25 + 25 = 50]

Hence, ABC is an isosceles right-angled triangle.
Or
Here, |PQ| = 58
PQ2 = 58
(k – 3)2+ (2 + 5)2 = 58
k2 – 6k + 9 + 49 = 58
k2 – 6k + 58 = 58
k(k – 6) = 0
 k = 0 and k = 6
2 3 8  3 5
Sol. 23. S = Sum of zeroes =   
3 4 4 3 4 3
2 3 1
P = Product of zeroes =  
3 4 2
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P
1 5
= x2  or 4 3 x 2  5 x  2 3
x
4 3 2
Required : Tangents from P and Q to the circle.
A C
p q
P Q
M O N
B D
2. Mark two points P and Q on extended diameter, such that OP = OQ = 7 cm.

OQ in N.
8
Sol. 25. Given that, 15 cot  = 8  cot  =
15
(1  sin )(2  2sin ) 2(1  sin )(1  sin ) 1  sin 2  cos 2  64
Now,     cot 2  
(2  2cos )(1  cos ) 2(1  cos )(1  cos ) 1  cos 2  sin 2  225
Or
a
sin  =
b
a2 b2  a2 ba ba
cos   1  sin 2   1  2
 2

b b b
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
1 sin 
sec  + tan  = 
cos  cos 
a
b b
= 
ba ba ba ba
b
b a
= 
ba ba ( b  a b  a)
ba ( b  a )2
= 
ba ba ba ba
ba
. =
ba
Sol. 26. We know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are of equal length
 CP = CS, BP = BQ = r, AQ = AR and DR = DS
AQ = AR = AB – BQ = 29 – r
DR = DS = AD – AR = 23 – 29 + r = r – 6
Also, DS = 5 cm (given)
 r – 6 = 5 r = 6 + 5 = 11
x 2 3 2 3 2 3 434 3
Sol. 27. Here,      74 3
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 43
x = 7 3  12
Sol. 28. Here, one root of the quadratic equation p(x) = kx2 + 5x – 3k = 0 is –2
 k(–2)2 + 5(–2) – 3k = 0
4k – 10 – 3k = 0 k = 10
Now, 10x2 + 5x – 30 = 0
or 2x2 + x – 6 = 0
2x2 + 4x – 3x – 6 = 0
2x(x + 2) – 3(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2) (2x – 3) = 0
3
 x = – 2 and x =
2
3
Hence, the value of k is 10 and other root of p(x) is .
2
Or
Here  and  are the roots of 2x 2 + 5x – 4 = 0
b 5 c 4
  =    and     2
a 2 a 2
   2   2  2   2  2  2 (  )2  2

Now,  =  
    
2
 5 25
    2(2) 4
25  16 41
2
=  4  
2 2 8 8
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S E RI E S
360 E
Sol. 29. Here, OA = OB = r = 28 cm, AOB = = 60°
6
F D
  angle subtend by each side of a regular  O
 360  cm
 polygon at thecentre is given by  28 60
28 cm
°
 n  A C
Now, area of one shaded designed portion

B
= Area of sector AOB – Area of AOB
60 22 3
=   28  28   28  28 [ AOB is an equilateral having side 28 cm]
360 7 4
= 410.67 – 333.2 = 77.47 cm2
 Area of all six shaded designed portion = 6 × 77.47 = 464.82 cm2
Total cost of making the design = ` 464.82 × 0.35 = ` 162.69.
Sol. 30. Here, ABD is a right-angled triangle, right-angled at B
 AD2 = BD2 + AB2
BC 2
AD2 =  AB 2 [ BD = DC] ...(i)
4
In BCE, B = 90° and E is the mid-point of AB
 CE 2 = BC2 + BE2
AB 2
CE 2 = BC2 + [ BE = EA] ...(ii)
4
BC 2 AB 2
AD2 + CE2 = AB2 + BC2 + 
4 4
5 5 5
AD2 + CE2 = AB 2  BC 2  (AB 2  BC 2 )
4 4 4
5
AD2 + CE2 = AC 2 [ In rt. angled ABC, AB2 + BC2 = AC2]
4
2
3 5 2 5
   CE =  (5)2
 2  4
5  25 9  5 125  45
CE 2 =    20
4 4 4
CE = 20  2 5 cm.
Or
ABCD be a square of side x units. A x D
2 2
 Diagonal = x  x  2 x units x
Now, DCF and AEC are equilateral triangles 2x F

x
described on the side DC and diagonal AC of the square
2x
ABCD. x
 DCF ~ AEC [by AAA similarity criterion]
B C
Area (DCF) DC 2 x21 x2 2x
 = =  
Area (AEC) AC 2 ( 2x)2 2x 2 2 E
1
 Area (DCF) = Area(AEC).
2
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 31. Class Interval Frequency

0 – 10 8
10 – 20 10
20 – 30 x
30 – 40 16
40 – 50 12
50 – 60 6
60 – 70 7
Here, mode = 32, therefore, modal class is 30 – 40
 l = 30, f0 = 16, f1 = x, f2 = 12 and h = 10
 f0  f1 
Mode = l   h
 2 f0  f1  f2 
 16  x 
32 = 30    10
 2  16  x  12 
 16  x 
2 =   10
 20  x 
40 – 2x = 160 – 10x
10x – 2x = 160 – 40 = 120
8x = 120
x = 15
Sol. 32. Let AB and CD be the tower of height 50 m and the hill of height h m respectively, such that
CBD = 60°, EAD = BDA = 30° C
In rt. angled ABD
AB 1
= tan 30 
BD 3
BD = 3 AB  50 3
hm
In rt. angled BDC
A
E
CD
= tan 60  3
BD 50 m
60°
30°
CD = BD 3  50 3( 3)  150 m B D
Hence, the height of the hill is 150 m.
Sol. 33. Marks No. of Students c.f.

0 – 10 10 10
10 – 20 f1 f1 + 10
20 – 30 25 f1 + 35
30 – 40 30 f1 + 65
40 – 50 f2 f1 + f2 + 65
50 – 60 10 f1 + f2 + 75
Total 100
f1 + f2 + 75 = 100  f1 + f2 = 100 – 75 = 25 ...(i)

Median is 32, therefore, 30 – 40 is the median class
N 100
l  30,   50, c.f. = f1 + 35, f = 30 and h = 10
2 2
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
N 
 2  c. f . 
 f 
 50  f1  35 
32 = 30     10
 30
2 × 3 = 15 – f1 f1 = 15 – 6 = 9
From (i), 9 + f2 = 25  f2 = 25 – 9 = 16
Hence, the missing frequencies f1 and f2 are f1 = 9 and f2 = 16. G
Sol. 34. Let A and B be the positions of two windows of a house, such
that AC = 2 m, BC = 6 m. Let G be the position of a balloon
of height h m above the ground. GBF = 30°, GAE = 60°, B 30°
F
GE = h – 2 and GF = h – 6
hm
Consider rt. angled BFG, we obtain 4m
GF 6m 60°
= tan 30° A E
BF 2m
1
h – 6 = BF × C
D
3
 3 (h – 6) = BF ...(i)
Consider rt. angled GAE, we obtain
GE
= tan 60°
AE
h – 2 = AE  3
h 2
 = AE ...(ii)
3
Also, BF = AE ...(iii)
Now, from (i), (ii) and (iii), we have
h 2
3 (h  6) =
3
 3h – 18 = h – 2
 3h – h = 18 – 2
 2h = 16
 h =8
Hence, the height of the balloon above the ground is 8 m.
Or
Let AB be the mountain of height h m, such that
APB = 45°, AQR = 60°, QPS = 30°
PQ = 1 km = 1000 m
A
In rt. angled PSQ
QS 1
= sin 30 
PQ 2
1 1 60° hm
QS =  PQ   1000  500 m Q
R
2 2 m
1k
PS 3 30°
= cos 30  45°
PQ 2 P S B
3 3
PS =  PQ   1000  500 3 m
2 2
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S

AB
= tan 45° = 1  AB = PB = h m
PB
SB = QR = PB – PS = h – 500 3
AR = AB – RB = h – 500 [ RB = QS]
In rt. angled QRA
AR
= tan 60°
QR
h  500
= 3
h  500 3
h – 500 = 3 h  500  3
( 3  1)h = 1500 – 500 = 1000
1000 1000 3 1
h =  
3 1 3 1 3 1
= 500 (1.732 + 1) = 500 × 2.732
= 1366 m
Hence, the height of the mountain is 1366 m or 1.366 km.
Sol. 35. Let r be the internal radius of cylindrical pipe
Volume of water collected in one hour = r2h = r2 × 2.52 × 1000 × 100 cm3
Volume of cylindrical tank in one hour = 2(r2h) =  × 2 × 40 × 40 × 315 cm3
Now, r2 × 2.52 × 1000 × 100 = × 40 × 40 × 315 × 2
40  40  315  2
r2 = 4
252  1000
r = 2 cm
Hence, the internal diameter of the pipe is 2 × 2 i.e., 4 cm.
Sol. 36. 4x – y – 8 = 0
y = 4x – 8
Table of solutions is :
x 1 2 3
y 4 0 4
2x – 3y + 6 = 0
1
y= (2x + 6)
3
Table of solutions is :
x 0 3 3
y 2 4 0
Clearly, the two lines
intersect each other at
(3, 4).
Thus, the unique solution
is x = 3 and y = 4.
Vertices of the triangle
formed by the lines and the
x-axis are (–3, 0), (2, 0)
and (3, 4).
vvvvv
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S E RI E S

Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Here, a = x4y2 and b = x3y, x and y are prime
HCF of a and b = x3y
Or
786 2  3  131 131 131  4 524
     0.524
1500 2  3  250 250 250  4 1000
Terminating decimal expansion.
Sol. 2. Given quadratic polynomial is kx2 – 6x – 6
c
Product of zeroes =  4
a
6
 =4
k
3
 k = 
2
Sol. 3. For unique solution, we have
a1 b
 1
a2 b2
6 2
 k 3
k 1
Sol. 4. Let ` x and ` y be the cost of an orange and a banana respectively.
10x + 3y = 109 and 3x + 10y = 60
Which is the required linear representation.
Sol. 5. Here, a = 1 and an = 11, also Sn = 36
 a + (n – 1)d = 11
 (n – 1)d = 11 – 1 = 10 ...(i)
n
Now, [2a + (n – 1)d] = 36
2
n
[2 × 1 + 10] = 36 [using (i)]
2
6n = 36
n =6
Hence, number of terms are 6.
Or
Given that :
n (n  3)
an =
n 4
Put n = 18, we have
18(18  3) 18  15 135
a18 =  
18  4 22 11

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 6. Here, 2 x 2  (1  3 2)x  3 = 0

2x 2  x  3 2 x  3 = 0
2x 2  3 2 x  x  3 = 0
2 x ( x  3)  1(x  3) = 0
(x  3)( 2 x  1) = 0
1
 x = 3 and x = 
2
Hence, both are the solutions of the given equation.
D = b2 – 4ac = 0
2
{2(k – 12)} – 4(k – 12)2 = 0
4(k – 12)2 – 4(k – 12)2 = 0
4(k – 12) (k – 12 – 2) = 0
(k – 12) (k – 14) = 0
 k = 12 and k = 14
k = 12 does not satisfy the equation.
Hence, k = 14.
Or
5y2 – 4y – 1 = 0
Put y = 2x, we have
5(2x)2 – 4(2x) – 1 = 0
20x2 – 8x – 1 = 0
Which is the required quadratic equation in variable x. O
Sol. 8. In rt. angled PQO,
m
OQ2 + PQ2 = OP2 17 c
OQ2 + 152 = 172 P 15 cm Q
OQ 2 = 289 – 225 = 64
OQ = 8 cm
Sol. 9. Here, BD is the diameter of the circle
 DCB = 90° [angle in a semi-circle]
Now, DCQ + DCB + BCP = 180° [a straight angle]
40° + 90° + BCP = 180°
BCP = 180° – 40° – 90° = 50°
Or
In rt. angled QPO
OP2 + PQ2 = QO2
O
OP2 + 242 = 252
OP2 = 625 – 576 cm
25
OP = 49 = 7 cm
Q 24 cm P
Sol. 10. In rt. angled BQA
QA2 + QB2 = BA2
QA2 + 242 = 262
QA2 = 676 – 576 = 100
QA = 10 m
In rt. angled CSA
SA2 + SC2 = CA2
SA2 + 102 = 262
SA2 = 676 – 100 = 576
SA = 24 m
Hence, the distance between the walls = QA + SA = 10 + 24 = 34 m
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 11. Sum of ratio = 5 + 4 = 9

5
Length of first part =  18  10 cm
9
4
Length of second part =  18  8 cm
9
Sol. 12. x = r cos  sin 
y = r cos cos 
z = r sin 
Now, x2 + y2 + z2 = r2 cos2 sin2  + r2 cos2  cos2  + r2 sin2 
= r2 cos2  (sin2 + cos2) + r2 sin2 
= r2 cos2  + r2 sin2  [ cos2  + sin2  = 1]
= r2 (cos2  + sin2 )
= r2
1 1 1  sin A  1  sin A
Sol. 13. L.H.S. =  =
1  sin A 1  sin A (1  sin A)(1  sin A)
2 2
= 
1  sin A cos 2 A 2
= 2 sec2 A = R.H.S.
Sol. 14. Let the radius of each of the circle and the semi-circle be r units.
Diagonal of the first square = 2r units.
Let the side of the second square be a units.
S R
2
 a B A
Then, r 2 = a2 +  
 2 2r
x r a
5a 2
 r2 = C O D
4 x Q
P
4 r2
 a2 =
5
1
 (2r )2
2 2r 2 5
Ratio of the area of the two squares =    5:2
2 2
 4r  2
a
 
 5 
 
Sol. 15. Radius of hemisphere = 7 cm
2 3 2
Volume of hemisphere =  r    7  7  7 cm3
3 3
7
Radius of sphere = cm
2
4 3 4 7 7 7
Volume of sphere =  r      cm3
3 3 2 2 2
2 4 7 7 7
Required ratio =  777 :    
3 3 2 2 2
1
= 1: or 4 : 1.
4
Number of ace = 4
4 1
52 13
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Or
Total number of electric bulb = 600
Number of defective bulb = 12
 Total number of non-defective bulb = 600 – 12 = 588
588
Required probability = or 0.98
600
SECTION – II
1
(i) (b) 5,
15
1
b 15 c 5 1
[Sum of zeroes =   = 5 and product of zeroes =   ]
a 3 a 3 15
(ii) (a) 0, 5
[For zeroes, put x2 – 5x = 0 x(x – 5) = 0 x = 0 and x = 5]
(iii) *Replace option (d) x2 – 2x – 3 with option (d) x2 – 2x + 3
(c) x2 – 2x – 3 [Sum of zeroes = 2 and one zero = –1
Other zero = 2 – (–1) = 3. Now, product of zeroes = (–1) (3) = –3
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 2x – 3]
(iv) (d) intersects x-axis
(v) (a) 0
[Here, p(x) = (x – 2)2 + 7 = x2 – 4x + 4 + 7 = x2 – 4x + 11
Discriminant = b2 – 4ac = (– 4)2 – 4(1)(11) = 16 – 44 = –28 < 0
Thus, no real root exists]
(i) (a) 126.25
25  14  75  24  125  12  175  10  225  16  275  4 10100
[Mean=  =126.25]
14  24  12  10  16  4 80
(ii) (b) 150
N 80
[Here,   40 and c.f. 40 lies in 100 – 150
2 2
 100 – 150 is the median class]
(iii) (c) 4
(iv) (a) Mode = 3Median – 2Mean
(v) (d) 200
[Here, 24 is the maximum frequency, therefore, 50 – 100 is the modal class and
100 – 150 is the median class.
Sum of lower limit of median class and upper limit of modal class = 100 + 100 = 200]
(i) (b) 12, 10
3 36 94 3 5 56

[Here,  x  12 ; And  y  10]
4 x 3 6 y 3
(ii) (a) 1500 cm

20
[Here, scale factor =
1
Actual height of the building = 20 × 75 = 1500 cm]
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
(iii) (c) Area of resulting figure is 2

times the area of the given figure.
[ Area of the figure = length × breadth i.e., scale factor is multiplied two times (2)]
(iv) (c) Their corresponding sides are equal.
[Here, the corresponding sides of two similar triangles are proportional
 The corresponding sides are equal is not true]
(v) (a) They are not the mirror image of one another.
(i) *Replace option (c) (7, 6) with option (c) (6, 7)
 4  8 4  10 
(c) (6, 7) [Mid-point of N(4, 4) and J(8, 10) =  ,  i.e., (6, 7)]
 2 2 
(ii) (a) 2 : 5
[Ratio of distance covered by G(2, 4) and J(8, 10) = 4 : 10 = 2 : 5]
(iii) (d) 17
[Distance between S(3, 5) and R(7, 4) = (7  3)2  (4  5)2  16  1  17]

 68 15   65 15 
(iv) * Replace option (b)  ,  with option (b)  , 
 8 2   8 2 
 65 15 
(b)  ,  3:1
 8 2
( 5 , 6) (10, 8)
5  2
2  30
24  6   65 15 
[Required coordinates =  ,  , ]
 3 1 3 1   8 2 
(v) (c) 2y – 9 = 0
[(x, y) is equidistant from (4, 2) and (4, 7), then
(x – 4)2 + (y – 2)2 = (x – 4)2 + (y – 7)2
y2 – 4y + 4 = y2 – 14y + 49
14y – 4y + 4 – 49 = 0
10y – 45 = 0 2y – 9 = 0]
PART-B
Sol. 21. Minimum number of plants in a row is the HCF of 88, 66 and 110
88 = 23 × 11
66 = 2 × 3 × 11
110 = 2 × 5 × 11
HCF of 88, 66 and 110 = 2 × 11 = 22
88 66 110
Minimum number of rows =   = 4 + 3 + 5 = 12
22 22 22
Sol. 22. Let A(x1, y1), B(x2, y2) and C(x3, y3) be the coordinates
of the vertices of ABC A (x1, y1)
 x1  x2 y1  y2 
  2 , 2 
= (3, 1)
 (3, 1) (–3, 2)
 x1 + x2 = 6 and y1 + y2 = 2 ...(i)
 x2  x3 y2  y3 
 , = (5, 6)
2 2  B
(x2 , y2)
(5, 6) C
(x3 , y3)
x2 + x3 = 10 and y2 + y3 = 12 ...(ii)
 x3  x1 y3  y1 
 2 , 2 
= (– 3, 2)
x3 + x1 = – 6 and y3 + y1 = 4 ...(iii)
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we obtain

x1 + x2 + x3 = 5 and y1 + y2 + y3 = 9
Now, x3 = 5 – 6 = –1 and y3 = 9 – 2 = 7
x1 = 5 – 10 = – 5 and y1 = 9 – 12 = –3
x2 = 5 + 6 = 11 and y2 = 9 – 4 = 5
Hence, the coordinates of the triangle ABC are (–5, –3), (11, 5) and (–1, 7).
Or
Coordinates of the mid-point of line segment
1:1
joining (p, 7) and (3, 4) are
(p, 7) (x, y) (3, 4)
p3 74
x and y 
2 2
or 2x = p + 3 and 2y = 11
Also, 2x + 2y + 1 = 0 p + 3 + 11 + 1 = 0 p = –15.
Sol. 23. Given polynomial f(x) = (k – 2)x2 – 4x + k
Product of zeroes = 3
k c
=3 [product of zeroes = ]
k2 a
k = 3k – 6
3k – k = 6 k = 3.
X
1. Draw a line segment AB = 6.8 cm. A8
A7
2. At A, construct an acute angle BAX (<90°). A6
A5
3. At AX, mark eight points such that AA1 = A1A2 A4
A3
= A2A3 = ... = A7A8. Join A8 to B. A2
A1
4. Through A3, draw A3P A8B.
Thus, P is the required point of division. A P 6.8 cm B
AP = 2.55 cm and PB = 4.25 cm.
7
Sol. 25. 1 + sin2  =
4
7 74 3
sin2  = 1 
4 4 4
3 3
sin  =   sin 60
4 2
  = 60°
Or
4 5
sin  = cosec  =
5 4
2
 4 16 25  16 9
cos2  =1– sin2 = 1  1  
 5 25 25 25
9 3
cos  = 
25 5
sin 
Now, tan  + 5 cosec  =  5 cosec 
cos 
4
5 4 25 16  75 91
= 5 5    
3 4 3 4 12 12
5
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 26. Let the circle touches the sides BC, CA, AB of the right A
triangle ABC at D, E, F respectively, where BC = a, CA = b
and AB = c. Then AE = AF and BD = BF.
Also, CE = CD = r
c
i.e., b – r = AF, a – r = BF F b
or AB = c = AF + BF r
O r
 c =b–r+a–r E
abc r
 r =
2
B C
D
Sol. 27. If possible, let 5  3 5 be a rational number a
p
 5  3 5 = , where q 0 and p, q are integers
q
p
3 5 =  5
q
p
3 5 = 5
q
5q  p
3 5 =
q
5q  p Integer
5 =  = rational number
3q Integer
Which contradicts the fact that 5 is irrational.
Hence, our supposition is wrong and 5  3 5 is an irrational number..
Sol. 28. Here,  and  are the roots of x2 – 6x + k = 0

  = 6 and = k
Also, 2
() – 2 = 40
 (6)2 – 2(k) = 40
 –2k = 40 – 36 = 4
 k = –2
Now, 2
x – 6x – 2 =0
b  b 2  4 ac (6)  36  4(1)(2)
x = 
2a 2
6  36  8 6  44 6  2 11
=  
2 2 2
= 3  11  3  11 and 3  11
Or
One root of quadratic equation 2x2+ px + 4 = 0 is 1
 2(1)2 + p(1) + 4 =0
p =–6
Now, 2x2 – 6x + 4 =0
2x2 – 2x – 4x + 4 =0
2x(x – 1) – 4(x – 1) =0
(x – 1) (2x – 4) =0
4
 x = 1 and x = 2
2
Hence, the value of p is –6 and other root of given equation is 2.

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S

Sol. 29. Area of sector =  r 2
360
60 22
=   14  14
360 7 O
308
= cm 2 14 cm 60° 14 cm
3
1 2 1
Area of OAB = r sin   r 2 sin 60 A B
2 2
1 3
=  14  14  = 49 3 cm2
2 2
Area of minor segment = Area of sector – Area of OAB
 308 
=   49 3  cm 2
 3 
Sol. 30. In trapezium ABCD, AB  DC and DC = 2AB, also, BE  3 .

EC 4
In trapezium ABCD, EF  AB  DC
AF BE 3
 = 
FD EC 4
Now, in BGE and BDC
BEG = BCD [corresponding s]
B = B [common]
BGE ~ BDC [by AA similarity axiom]
EG BE
 = ...(i)
CD BC
BE 3
Also, =
BC 4
EC 4 A B
 =
BE 3
F G E
EC 4
 1+ =1+
BE 3
D C
BE+EC 34
 =
BE 3
BC 7
 =
BE 3
BE 3
 =
BC 7
From eqn. (i), we have
EG BE 3
= =
CD BC 7
EG 3
 = [ CD = 2AB]
2AB 7
EG 6
 = ...(ii)
AB 7

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
In ABD, FG  AB
DF DG FG 4  DG EC 4 
= = =  BD  BC  7 
AD BD AB 7  
FG 4
 = ...(iii)
AB 7
Adding (ii) and (iii), we obtain
EG FG 6 4
 = 
AB AB 7 7
EF 10
 =
AB 7
 7EF = 10AB.
Or
a2 a2
* Replace (ii) b2 + c2 = 2p2 + with (ii) b2 + c2 = 2p2 +
4 2
ADC is obtuse and ADB is acute.
In rt. angled ADC, ADC is greater than 90°
 AC2 = AD2 + DC2 + 2DC.DE
2 a2 a
b2 = p  2  x
A
4 2
a2
b 2 = p2  ax  ...(i)
4 b
In rt. angled ADB, ADE is less than 90° c h p
 AB2 = AD2 + BD2 – 2BD.DE

2 a2 a x
c2 = p   2  x B E D a C
4 2 2
a2
c2 = p2  ax  ...(ii)
4
a2 a2 a2
b2 + c2 = 2 p 2    2 p2 
4 4 2
From (i), we have
a2
b 2 = p2 + ax +
4
a2
= p2 – ax + + 2ax [adding and subtracting ax]
4
b 2 = c2 + 2ax [using (ii)]
Sol. 31. Height (in cm) No. of Girls (fi) c.f. Class Mark (xi) fix i
120 – 130 2 2 125 250

130 – 140 8 10 135 1080
140 – 150 12 22 145 1740
150 – 160 20 42 155 3100
160 – 170 8 50 165 1320
fi = 50 fixi = 7490

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
For Mean :
fi xi 7490
Mean =   149.8
fi 50
For Median :
N
N = 50 and = 25, therefore, median class is 150 – 160
2
N
l = 150, = 25, c.f. = 22, f = 20 and h = 10
2
N 
 2  c. f . 
 f 
 25  22  3
= 150    10  150   151.5
 20  2
For Mode :
Maximum frequency is 20, therefore, modal class is 150 – 160
l = 150, f0 = 20, f1 = 12, f2 = 8, h = 10
 f0  f1 
Mode = l   h
 2 f0  f1  f2 
 20  12 
= 150    10
 2  20  12  8 
80
= 150 
 154.
20
A
Sol. 32. Let AB be the chimney of height h m, P and Q
be the two positions, such that
hm
AB
= tan 45° = 1
QB
AB = QB = h m 30° 45°
In rt. angled PBA P 50 m Q B
AB 1
= tan 30° =  3 AB  PB
PB 3
3 h = 50 + h
50 50 3 1
h =    25(1.732  1)  68.3 m
3 1 3 1 3 1
Hence, the height of the chimney is 68.3 m.
Sol. 33. Class Interval Class Marks (xi ) Frequency (fi ) fix i
10 – 30 20 5 100
30 – 50 40 8 320
50 – 70 60 f1 60f 1
70 – 90 80 20 1600
90 – 110 100 f2 100f 2
110 – 130 120 2 240
Total fi = 35 + f1 + f2 60f1 + 100f2 + 2260

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Here, fi = 50
 35 + f1 + f2 = 50  f1 + f2 = 15 ... (i)
fi xi
Median =
fi
60 f1  100 f2  2260
65.6 =
50
60f1 + 100f2 = 3280 – 2260
60f1 + 100f2 = 1020
or 3f1 + 5f2 = 51 ... (ii)
3f1 + 5f2 – 3f1 – 3f2 = 51 – 45
2f 1 = 6
f2 = 3
From (i), we have
f1 + 3 = 15
f 1 = 12
A
Sol. 34. Let AB be the tower of height h m and speed of car be 30°
60°
x m/sec. P and Q be the two positions of car approaching the
tower, such that APB = 30°, AQB = 60° and PQ = 6x m
hm
(Distance = Speed × Time)
In rt. angled AQB
30° 60°
AB
 tan 60  3  AB  3 QB ...(i) P 6x m Q B
QB
In rt. angled APB
AB 1
 tan 30   3 AB  PB  PQ  QB  6 x  QB
PB 3
 3 ( 3 QB) = 6x + QB [using (i)]

 3QB – QB = 6x  QB = 3x
Clearly, distance between QB is half the distance between P and Q.
Hence, the time taken from Q to B is also half the time taken by the car from P to Q i.e., 3 secs.
Or
Let P and Q be the observation points 100 m apart. AB be
the height of the parachutist, such that
A
APB = 45°, AQB = 60°, h m = AB and PQ = 100 m
In rt. angled ABQ
AB
 tan 60  3  AB  3 QB ...(i)
QB hm
In rt. angled ABP

AB 45° 60°
 tan 45  1  AB  PB  AB  100  QB ...(ii) 100 m
PB P Q B
3 QB = 100 + QB
QB( 3  1) = 100

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
100 100 3 1
QB =    50( 3  1)  50(1.73  1)  136.5 m
3 1 3 1 3 1
Now, PB = 100 + QB = 100 + 136.5 = 236.5 m
Hence, the approximate distance of the point where he falls on the ground from the first
observation point is 236.5 m and approximate height from which he falls is 136.5 m.
Sol. 35. Volume of cylinder = r2h
=  × 60 × 60 × 180 cm3
1 2
Volume of cone = r h
3
1
=  × 60 × 60 × 120
3
=  × 60 × 60 × 40 cm3
Volume of water left in the cylinder =  × 60 × 60 × 180 –  × 60 × 60 × 40
=  × 60 × 60 (180 – 40)
22
=
× 60 × 60 × 140
7
= 22 × 60 × 60 × 20
= 1584000 cm3 or 1.584 m3.
Sol. 36. Let x and y be the original number of students in the two rooms separately.
According to the statement of question, we have
(x – 5) = (y + 5)
 x – y = 10 ...(i)
And (x + 5) = 2(y – 5)
x + 5 = 2y – 10
 x – 2y = –15 ...(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we obtain
y = 25
From equation (i), we obtain
x – 25 = 10
 x = 35
Hence, the original number of students in the two rooms A and B separately are respectively
35 and 25.
vvvvv

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S

Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Here, 8 = 23
15 = 3 × 5
21 = 3 × 7
HCF of 8, 15 and 21 = 23 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 840
Now, 100000 ÷ 840 = Q 119 and R 40
So, the number nearest to 100000 is 100000 – 40 + 840 = 100800
Or
Here, 3
189 = 3 × 7
297 = 33 × 11
 HCF of 189 and 297 = 33 = 27
LCM of 189 and 297 = 33 × 7 × 11 = 2079.
Sol. 2. Given quadratic polynomial is 2x2 + kx – 6
k
Sum of zeroes =  = – 3
2
 k =6
Sol. 3. For no solution, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b2 c2
3 2k 2
= 
2 5 1
15
 k =
4
Sol. 4. Let x years and y years be the age of Aftab and his daughter
According to statement of question, we have
x – 7 = 7(y – 7)  x – 7y + 42 = 0
And x + 3 = 3(y + 3) x – 3y – 6 = 0
Which is the required algebraic representation.
Sol. 5. Here, a = 8, d = 14 – 8 = 6
an = 72 + a41
a + (n – 1)d = 72 + a + 40d
(n – 1)6 = 72 + 40 × 6
312
n–1 =  52
6
n = 53
Or
Here, a10
= 52 a + 9d = 52 ...(i)
a16
= 82 a + 15d = 82 ...(ii)
6d = 30 d = 5
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From (i) a + 9(5) = 52

a = 52 – 45 = 7
b2 – 4ac = 0
(–2k)2 – 4(1)(k) = 0
4k2 – 4k = 0
4k(k – 1) = 0
 k = 0 and k = 1
Sol. 7. 2
3x – 5x + 2 = 0
3x2 – 3x – 2x + 2 = 0
3x(x – 1) – 2(x – 1) = 0
(x – 1) (3x – 2) = 0
2
 x = 1 and x =
3
Or
For no real roots, we have
b2 – 4ac < 0
{2(ac + bd)}2 – 4(a2
+ b2)
(c2 + d2) < 0
4(a2c2 + b2d2 + 2abcd) – 4(a2c2 + a2d2 + b2c2 + b2d2) < 0
a2c2 + b2d2 + 2abcd – a2c2 – a2d2 – b2c2 – b2d2 < 0
2abcd – a2d2 – b2c2 < 0
a2d2 + b2c2 – 2abcd > 0
(bc – ad)2 > 0 bc – ad 0
 ad bc
Sol. 8. We know that tangents from an external point to a circle are of equal length.
 AB = AC, PB = PX and QC = QX
Perimeter of APQ = (AP + PX) + (XQ + AQ)
= (AP + PB) + (QC + AQ)
= AB + AC
= AB + AB = 2AB = 2 × 25 = 50 cm.
Sol. 9. PTQ is isosceles and TO is the angle bisector of PTQ.
 OT PQ and OT bisects PQ
P
 PR = QR = 3 cm
5 cm
In rt. angled ORP 3
cm
2 2
OP = OR + PR 2
T O
R
 OR2 = OP2 – PR2 3
cm
= 52 – 32 = 16
OR = 4 cm Q
In TRP and PRO

TPR + PTR = 90° and TPR + RPO = 90°
 TPR + PTR = TPR + RPO PTR = RPO
Also, TRP = ORP = 90° and PR = PR (common)
 TRP ~ PRO
TP RP
 =
PO RO
PO  RP 5  3 15
 TP =    3.75 cm
RO 4 4
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Or
1 1
Circumference of semi-circle = d     12  6 
2 2
Now, perimeter of the whole diagram = 13 cm + 6+ 5 cm
= (18 + 6) cm
Sol. 10. In ABC, DE CB
AC CB
 =
AD DE
CB  AD 15  14
AC =   17.5 cm
DE 12
Sol. 11. Point B is joined to A11 (3 + 8 = 11).
Sol. 12. 2sin 2 = 3
3
sin 2 =
2
sin 2 = sin 60°
2  = 60°
 = 30°
Sol. 13. In rt. angled CBA
AB 1
= tan 30° = A
BC 3
BC = 3 AB  5 3 cm
5 cm
AB 1
Also, = sin 30° = 30°
AC 2
C B
AC = 2AB = 2 × 5 = 10 cm
Sol. 14. Area of quadrant AOBCA = 9.625 cm2
1 1
Area of AOD = × OA × OD = × 2 × 3.5 = 3.5 cm2
2 2
Area of shaded region = Area of quadrant – Area of AOD
= 9.625 – 3.5 = 6.125 cm2
Sol. 15. Let h m be the height of the platform
 Volume of platform = Volume of well
22 7 7
22 × 14 × h =    20
7 2 2
22  7  7  20
h =  2.5 m
22  14  7  2  2
Sol. 16. Total number of letters in the word ‘MOBILE’ = 6
Total number of vowel = 3
3 1
6 2
Or
Total number of balls in the bag = 6 + 8 + 4 = 18
Total number of balls which are not white = 6 + 8 = 14
14 7
18 9
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SECTION – II
(i) (b) x2 + 3x – 10
[Required quadratic polynomial = x2 – (–5 + 2)x + (–5)(2) = x2 + 3x – 10]
(ii) (a) more than 3
(iii) (c) parabola
1 9
(iv) (d)  , 
2 2
[Here, 4x2 – 20x + 9 = 4x2 – 2x – 18x + 9 = 2x(2x – 1) – 9(2x – 1) = (2x – 9)(2x – 1)
9 1 9 1
Zeroes are and (2x – 9 = 0 and 2x – 1 = 0 x = and x = )]
2 2 2 2
(v) (c) 3
[ p(x) = x3 – 4x = x(x2 – 4) = x(x – 2)(x + 2) x = 0, x = 2 and x = –2]
(i) (c) 36
[No. of batsman scored more than 300 runs = 23 + 7 + 6 = 36]
(ii) (a) 200
[Here, 35 is the maximum frequency and correspondingly 100 – 200 is modal class]
(iii) (d) 500
N 100
 [ = 50. c.f. 50 lies in 200 – 300 class interval, therefore, it is the median class
2 2
Required sum = 200 + 300 = 500 ( 100 – 200 is modal class)]
(iv) (a) 3Median = Mode + 2Mean
(v) (b) 246
50  12  150  35  250  17  350  23  450  7  550  6 24600
[Mean runs =   246]
12  35  17  23  7  6 100
(i) (b) 80 m
1
[Here, the scale factor = .
1000
Actual distance between two towns = 8 × 1000 = 8000 cm = 80 m]
(ii) (a) 24 cm
Required distance 22 120  22
[Here,   Required distance   24 cm]
120 110 110
(iii) (b) 0.75
Length of the image 7.5 9
[Required scale factor =  or  0.75]
Corresponding length in object 10 12
(iv) (d) 18 m
[In OAD, P and S are respectively the mid-point of OA and OD, there by using
mid-point theorem, we have
1 1
PS =
AD and PS AD PS = × 36 = 18 m]
2 2
(v) (c) SAS similarity criterion
Sol. 20. Cased Study Based-4 :
1 1
(i) (a)  , 
2 2
 3  4 3  4   1 1
[Mid-point of A(–3, –3) and C(4, 4) =  ,  i.e.,  ,  ]
 2 2   2 2
(ii) (c) 1 unit
[Distance between point Q(4, 1) from x-axis = y-coordinate of Q = 1 unit]
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(iii) (b) 74 units

2 2
[Distance between B(4, –2) and D(–3, 3) = (3  4)  (3  2)  49  25  74 units]
(iv) (a) x + y – 4 = 0
[Here, P(x, y) is equidistant from O(0, 0) and C(4, 4)
 (x  0)2  (y  0)2 = (4  x)2  (4  y)2

x2 + y2 = 16 + x2 – 8x + 16 – 8y + y2
8x + 8y – 32 = 0 or x + y – 4 = 0]
 3
(v) (d)  3,  
 5
 6  9 6  9 
[Coordinates of P are  ,
 2  3 2  3  2:3
A D
 15 3   3 (–3,–3) P (–3, 3)
i.e.,  ,  or  3,   ]
 5 5 5
PART-B
Sol. 21. Greatest capacity of tin is the HCF of 120 litres, 180 litres and 240 litres
120 = 23 × 3 × 5
180 = 22 × 32 × 5
240 = 24 × 3 × 5
HCF of 120, 180 and 240 = 22 × 3 × 5 = 60
Hence, the greatest capacity of such a tin is 60 litres.
3 11
Sol. 22. Let C  ,  divide the line segment joining A(3, 5) and B(–3, –2) in the ratio k : 1
5 5 
 3 11  3k  3 2k  5  k:1

 C ,  = C ,  A B
5 5   k 1 k 1  (3, 5) C (–3,– 2)
3 ,11
3 3(k  1) 11 2k  5 5 5
 = and =
5 k 1 5 k 1
 k + 1 = –5k + 5 and 11k + 11 = –10k + 25
 6k = 4 and 21k = 14
4 14
 k= and k =
6 21
2
 k=
3
Hence, the required ratio is 2 : 3.
Or
3
Here, AP = AB
7
AB 7
=
AP 3 3:4
A B
AB  AP 73 (–2, 2) P (2,– 4)
=
AP 3
PB 4
=
AP 3
or AP : PB = 3 : 4
 6  8 12  8   2  4 
Coordinates of P are P  ,  i.e., P  , .
34 34   7 7 
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Sol. 23.  and  are the zeroes of p(x) = + 4x + 3 x2

  = – 4 and  = 3
 
Now, S = 1 1
 
 2  2 2   2  2 (  )2 ( 4)2 16

= 2    
   3 3
      16
P = 1   1    1    1 
      3
Thus, the required polynomial is :
16 16
x2 – Sx + P i.e., x2 – x or 3x2 – 16x + 16
3 3
Sol. 24. Given : Two concentric circles of radii 1.8 cm and 2.4 cm.
Required : A tangent from any point on the outer circle to inner circle.
1. Draw two concentric circles with radii 1.8 cm and 2.4 cm, mark O as their centre.
2. Take any point P on the outer circle and join OP.
3. Draw AB, the perpendicular bisector of OP, let it intersect OP in M.
4. With M as centre and radius MP or MO, draw a semi-circle and let it intersect the inner circle
in T.
A T
P O
M
5. Join PT.
Thus, PT is the required tangent.
On measurement, PT = 1.6 cm
By calculation, PT = OP 2  OT 2
= 5.76  3.24
= 2.52 = 1.6 cm.

Sol. 25. Here, sin  + cos  = p sin2  + cos2 + 2 sin  cos = p2 1 + 2 sin cos  = p2 ...(i)
1 1 sin   cos 
sec  + cosec = q    q q ...(ii)
cos  sin  cos  sin 
 sin   cos  
Now, q(p2 – 1) =  (1  2 sin  cos   1)
 cos  sin  
 sin   cos  
=   2 sin  cos 
 cos  sin  
= 2(sin  + cos )
= 2p [ sin  + cos  = p]

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Or
In rt. angled CBA
A
AB 1
= tan 30° =
BC 3
5 cm
BC = 3 AB  5 3 cm
30°
1 C B
AB
Also, = sin 30° =
AC 2
AC = 2AB = 2 × 5 = 10 cm
 BQ = BP = r, AP = AR and CQ = CR
AC = AB 2  BC 2  8 2  6 2  64  36  100  10 cm
BC = 6 cm
 BQ + CQ = 6 r + CQ = 6 CQ = 6 – r CR = 6 – r
AB = 8 cm
 BP + AP = 8 r + AP = 8 AP = 8 – r AR = 8 – r
Now, AR + CR = AC
 8 – r + 6 – r = 10 2r = 14 – 10 = 4 r = 2 cm.
Sol. 27. Let us assume, to the contrary that 3  5 is a rational number
p
 3 5 = , q  0 and p, q  Z
q
p p  3q
 5 = 3 
q q
3q  p Integer
5 =  = rational number
q Integer
But this contradicts the facts that 5 is irrational.
Hence, 3  5 is an irrational number..
Sol. 28. Here, + =5 ...(i)
and – =1 ...(ii) (given)
On solving (i) and (ii), we have
2 = 6   = 3
and 3+ =5  =2
Now,  = k  (3) (2) = k  k = 6
Or
Here,  = –p ...(i) = q ...(ii) and  = –2 ...(iii)
Also,  + 1 = 0  = –1
From eq. (iii)  =2
From eq. (i) 2 = –p = –2 – p
From eq. (ii)    = q
–1 +  = q
–1 + (2) (–2 – p) = q
–1 – 4 – 2p = q
–5 = 2p + q or 2p + q = – 5
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Sol. 29. In rt. angled ABC
AC = BC 2  AB 2  (21)2  (28)2
= 441  784  1225  35 cm

Area of shaded region = Area of ABC + Area of semi-circle with AC as diameter
– Area of quadrant of circle with BC as radius
1 1 22 35 35 1 22
=  28  21        21  21
2 2 7 2 2 4 7
= 294 + 481.25 – 346.5
= 428.75 cm2
Sol. 30. Given : ABC in which D, E, F are the mid-points of sides BC, CA and AB respectively.
To Prove : Each of the triangles AFE, FBD, EDC and DEF is similar to ABC.
Proof : Consider triangles AFE and ABC.
Since F and E are mid-points of AB and AC respectively. A
 FE BC
 AFE = B [corresponding angles]
Thus, in AFE and ABC, we have F E
AFE = B
and A = A [common]
 AFE ~ ABC B D C
Similarly, we have
FBD ~ ABC and EDC ~ ABC
Now, we shall show that DEF ~ ABC
Clearly, ED AF and DF EA
AFDE is a parallelogram
 EDF = A [ opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal]
Similarly, BDEF is a parallelogram
 DEF = B [ opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal]
Thus, in triangles DEF and ABC, we have
EDF = A and DEF = B
So, by AA criterion of similarity, we have
DEF ~ ABC
Thus, each one of the triangles AFE, FBD, EDC and DEF is similar to ABC.
Or
It is given that P divides CA in the ratio 2 : 1.
2
Therefore, CP = AC ...(i)
3
A
Also, Q divides CB in the ratio 2 : 1
2
 QC = BC ...(ii) P
3
(i) Applying Pythagoras theorem in right-angled ACQ,
we have
AQ2 = QC2 + AC2
B Q C
4
 AQ2 = BC2 + AC2 [using (ii)]
9
 9AQ2 = 4BC2+ 9AC2 ...(iii)
(ii) Applying Pythagoras theorem in right-angled BCP, we have
BP2 = BC2 + CP2
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4
 BP2 = BC 2 
AC 2 [using (i)]
9
 9BP2 = 9BC2 + 4AC2 ...(iv)
Adding (iii) and (iv), we have
9(AQ2 + BP2) = 13(BC2 + AC2)
 9(AQ2 + BP2) = 13AB2 [ BC2 = AC2 + AB2]
Sol. 31. Variable Frequency (fi) c.f.

10 – 20 12 12
20 – 30 30 42
30 – 40 f1 f1 + 42
40 – 50 65 f1 + 107
50 – 60 f2 f1 + f2 + 107
60 – 70 25 f1 + f2 + 132
70 – 80 18 f1 + f2 + 150
Total fi = 228

Here, fi = 228
 f1 + f2 + 150 = 228 f1 + f2 = 78 ...(i)
Median = 46
Median class is 40 – 50
N 228
l = 40,   114, c.f. = f1 + 42, f = 65, h = 10
2 2
N 
 2  c. f . 
l   h = Median
 f 
 114  f1  42 
40  
 65   10 = 46
 72  f1 
 65   10 = 46 – 40 = 6
6  65
72 – f1 = = 39
10
f 1 = 72 – 39 = 33
From eq. (i), we have
33 + f2 = 78
f 2 = 78 – 33 = 45
Hence, the missing frequencies are f1 = 33 and f2 = 45. A
Sol. 32. Let AB be the height of the tree on a small island in the 30°
60°
middle of river of width PQ. P and Q be the two poles on
two banks of the river, such that 20 m
AB = 20 m, P = 60°, Q = 30° 60°
In rt. angled PBA 30°
P B Q
AB 20 20 3
= tan 60  3  PB  or m
PB 3 3
AB 1
= tan 30   QB  20 3 m
QB 3
20 3 80 3 80  1.732
Width of the river PQ = 20 3     46.186 m
3 3 3
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Sol. 33. Classes Class Marks (xi) Frequencies (fi) fixi

0 – 20 10 17 170
20 – 40 30 28 840
40 – 60 50 32 1600
60 – 80 70 p 70p
80 – 100 90 19 1710
Total fi = 96 + p fixi = 4320 + 70p
fi xi
Mean =
fi
4320  70 p
50 =
96  p
4800 + 50p = 4320 + 70p
70p – 50p = 4800 – 4320
20p = 480
p = 24
Hence, the value of p is 24.
Sol. 34. Let x and y be the number of students in two halls A and B respectively.
x – 10 = y + 10  x – y = 20 ...(i)
And x + 20 = 2(y – 20) x – 2y = – 60 ...(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
y = 80
From (i), we obtain x – 80 = 20 x = 100
Hence, number of students in two halls A and B are respectively 100 and 80.
Sol. 35. Volume of the godown = Volume of cuboid + Volume of semi cylinder
1 22
= 7  10  3    3.5  3.5  10
2 7
= 210 + 192.5
= 402.5 m3
Internal surface excluding the floor (base)
1
= Area of four walls +
Curved surface of cylinder
2
+ Area of circle of radius 3.5 m
1 22 22
= 2(7  10)  3   2   3.5  10   3.5  3.5
2 7 7
= 102 + 110 + 38.5
= 250.5 m2
Hence, the volume of the godown is 402.5 m3 and total internal surface area excluding the
floor (base) is 250.5 m2. P
Sol. 36. Let AB be the building of height 60 m and PQ
be the lighthouse of height h m, such that
AB = 60 m, PQ = h m, RQ = 60 m,
PR = (h – 60) m, PAR = 30°, QAR = 60° hm
A 30°
In rt. angled RAQ R
60°
RQ
= tan 60° = 3 60 m 60 m
AR
RQ 60 60 3
AR =    20 3 m
3 3 3 B Q
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 BQ = AR = 20 3 = 20(1.732) = 34.64 m
In rt. angled RAP
PR 1
= tan 30° =
AR 3
3 (h  60) = 20 3
h – 60 = 20
h = 80 m
Hence, the difference between the heights of the lighthouse and the building is 80 – 60 i.e.,
20 m and the distance between the lighthouse and the building is 34.64 m.
Or
Let us assume that PQ be the deck of the ship 25 m above the water level and RS be the
lighthouse of height h m, such that RPT = 60°.
 TPS = 45° = QSP
 PQ = 25 m = TS R
 RT = RS – TS = (h – 25) m
(h – 25) m
Let QS = x m
Consider a rt. angled PQS, we have
PQ
hm
tan 45° = P 60°
T
QS 45°
25
25 m
25 m
 1 = [cross-multiply]
x
 x = 25 ...(i)
Now, PT = QS = x m = 25 m 45°
Q
S
Again, consider a rt. angled PTR, we have x m
RT
tan 60° =
PT
h – 25
 3 = [cross-multiply]
25
 h – 25 = 25 3
 h = 25 + 25 3
 h = 25 ( 3  1) m
Hence, the height of the lighthouse is 25 ( 3  1) m.
vvvvv

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S

Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. Here, 150 = 2 × 3 × 52
180 = 22 × 32 × 5
LCM of 150 sec and 180 sec = 22 × 32 × 52 = 900 sec or 15 min
Hence, they will meet first time at 6 : 15 a.m. after they start.
Or
* Replace 2n × 2m with 2n × 5m
56425 2257 2257
x = 0.56425 =  
100000 4000 25  53
Now, 2n × 5m = 25 × 53 n = 5 and m = 3
1 2 3
Sol. 2. Here, p(x) = x  5x 
3 2
b 5
Sum of zeroes =   15
a 1
3
3
c 9
Product of zeroes =  2  .
a 1 2
3
Sol. 3. For infinitely many solutions, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b 2 c 2
2 2 a  5 5 1
=  or
2b  1 9 15 3
5
 2b + 1 = 6 2b = 5 b =
2
And 2a + 5 = 3 2a = –2  a = –1
Sol. 4. Let x years and y years be the age of father and his son respectively.
x + 4 = 4(y + 4)  x – 4y = 12
And x = 6y x – 6y = 0
Sol. 5. Here, a = ` 4, d = ` 1.75 and an = ` 19.75
Now, a + (n – 1)d = an
4 + (n – 1) (1.75) = 19.75
19.75  4 15.75
n–1 =  9
1.75 1.75
n = 9 + 1 = 10
th
Hence, in 10 week her weekly saving is ` 19.75.
Or
a +(n – 1)d = an
a + (6 – 1)5 = 33
a + 25 = 33
a = 33 – 25 = 8
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 6. Here, – 4 is a root ofx2

+ px – 4 = 0
2
(– 4) + p(– 4) – 4 = 0 16 – 4p – 4 = 0 4p = 12 p = 3
x2 + px + q = 0 x2 + 3x + q = 0 have equal roots
9
 b2 – 4ac = 0  (3)2 – 4(1)(q) = 0 4q = 9 q = .
4
Sol. 7. x2 + 2x – 48 0 =
 x2 + 8x – 6x – 48 0 =
 x(x + 8) – 6(x + 8) 0 =
 (x + 8) (x – 6) 0 =
 x =
– 8 and x = 6.
Or
For equation ax + 2bx + c = 0, D1 = (2b)2 – 4(a)(c) = 4b2 – 4ac
2
For equation bx 2  2 ac x  b  0, D 2  (2 ac )2  4(b)b  4 ac  4 b 2

Now, roots of above equations are simultaneously real
 D1  0 and D2 0
 4b – 4ac 0 and 4ac – 4b2 0
2
 b 2 ac and ac b2 b2 = ac

Sol. 8. Here, circumference of the circle 2r = 12 r = 6 cm
In rt. angled OQP, Q = 90°
PQ2 + OQ 2 = OP2
PQ2 = OP2 – OQ2 = 102 – 62 = 100 – 36 = 64
 PQ = 64 = 8 cm
Hence, the length of the tangent is 8 cm.
Sol. 9. POB + POA = 180° [a linear pair]
115° + POA = 180°
POA = 180° – 115° = 65°
 OAP = 90°
OAP + APO + POA = 180°
90° + APO + 65° = 180°
APO = 180° – 90° – 65°
APO = 25°
Or
PA and PB are tangents from an external point P to the circle
 PA = PB = 9 cm
In PAB, PAB = PBA [ PA = PB]
Using angle sum property for the angles of PAB
PAB + PBA + BPA = 180°
 PAB + PAB + 60° = 180°
 2PAB = 180° – 60° = 120°
 PAB = 60°
 PAB = PBA = 60°
Thus, in APB, PAB = PBA = BPA = 60°
APB is an equilateral
 AB = AP = BP = 9 cm
Hence, the length of the chord AB is 9 cm.

®
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S E RI E S
Sol. 10. In ABC, LM AB

AL BM
 =
AC BC
x3 x2
=
2x 2x  3
2x + 3x – 6x – 9 = 2x2 – 4x
2
x =9
Sol. 11. A3 is joined to B7.
Sol. 12. x = cot A + cos A and y = cot A – cos A
xy
x – y = 2cos A   cos A
2
xy
x + y = 2cot A   cot A
2
2 2 2
 x  y  x  y 2  2cos A 
Now,    = cos A  

2 x  y   2cot A 
2
2  cos A 
= cos A    sin A 
 cos A 
= cos2 A + sin2 A
=1
Sol. 13. Here, AC – AB = 1 AC = 1 + AB
C
AB2 + BC2 = AC2
AB2 + 52 = (1 + AB)2
5 cm
AB2 + 25 = 1 + AB2 + 2AB
2AB = 25 – 1 = 24 AB = 12 cm
 AC = 1 + 12 = 13 cm
A B
AB 12 BC 5
Now, sin C =  and cos C  
AC 13 AC 13
12
1
1  sin C 13  13  12  25  5
= .
cos C 5 5 5
13
Sol. 14. Circumference of required circle = Circumference of circle with radius 7 cm
+ Circumference of circle with radius 21 cm
2R = 2r1 + 2r2
R = r1 + r2 = 7 + 21 = 28 cm
Sol. 15. n × Volume of spherical lead shots = Volume of rectangular solid
4
n
  2.1  2.1  2.1 = 66 × 42 × 21
3
66  42  21  3  7
n =
4  22  2.1  2.1  2.1
n = 1500
Sol. 16. Total number of students = 25 + 20 + 55 = 100
Number of students who ride on bicycle = 55
55 11
100 20

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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Or
Total number of outcomes = 6 × 6 = 36
Number of doublet = 6
 Number of outcomes not getting doublet = 36 – 6 = 30
30 5
Thus, required probability =  .
36 6
SECTION – II
(i) (a) x2 – 7x + 10
[Required polynomial = x2 – ()x +  = x2 – (2 + 5)x + 2 × 5 = x2 – 7x + 10]
(ii) (b) more than 3
(iii) (c) parabola
(iv) (d) (1, 8)
[For zeroes, we have x2 – 9x + 8 = 0 (x – 1) (x – 8) = 0 x = 1 and x = 8]
(v) (a) 3
[ Given polynomial p(x) is a cubic polynomial, therefore, it has three zeores]
(i) (d) 31
[No. of batsman scored more than 600 runs = 6 + 15 + 10 = 31]
(ii) (c) 1000
[Here, 15 is the highest frequency and class interval corresponding to it is 800 – 1000]
(iii) (b) 1800
N
[Here, N = 50 and
= 25. c.f. 25 lies in 600 – 800, so it is a median class and modal
2
class is 800 – 100. Required sum = 800 + 1000 = 1800]
(iv) (a) 3Median = Mode + 2Mean
(v) (b) 688
100  5  300  9  500  5  700  6  900  15  1100  10 34400
[Mean =   688]
5  9  5  6  15  10 50
(i) (a) 37.5 m
[Here, scale factor = 1 : 250
Actual distance between two towns = 15 cm × 250 = 3750 cm = 37.5 m]
(ii) (c) 7 cm
Distance of slide from projector 11
[Here, 
126 198
11  126
Distance of slide from projector = = 7 cm]
198
(iii) * In figure replace 64 with 6.4
8 6.4
(d) 0.8 [Scale factor = or = 0.8]
10 8
(iv) (a) 25 m
[In OAD, P and S are respectively the mid-points of OA and OD, there by using converse
of Thales theorem, we have
PS AD and
Again, by using mid-point theorem, we obtain
1 1
PS = AD ; PS = × 50 PS = 25 m]
2 2
(v) (b) SSS similarity criterion
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S

 5 7
(i) (a)   , 
 4 4
 1 7
3  0 
 1 7  2, 2  or  5 , 7  ]
[Mid-point of line segment joining S(–3, 0) and R  ,  is 
 2 2  2 2   4 4 
(ii) (b) 2 units
[Distance of point B(4, –2) from x-axis = |y-coordinate|= |–2|= 2 units]
(iii) (c) 50 units
2 2
[Distance between S(–3, 0) and Q(4, 1) = (4  3)  (1  0)  49  1  50 units]
(iv) (d) 3y – 7x = 1
[T(x, y) is equidistant from L(4, 0) and D(–3, 3), |LT|2 = |DT|2
 (x – 4)2 + (y – 0)2 = (x + 3)2 + (y – 3)2
 x2 – 8x + 16 + y2 = x2 + 6x + 9 + y2 – 6y + 9
 –14x + 6y = 2 or –7x + 3y = 1 or 3y – 7x = 1]
 1 3
(v) (d)  , 
 2 2
[Coordinates of the required point are
 1 5 2:1
1 2 7  2   3 9   1 3 P R
 , = , or  ,  ] ( 1 , –5 ) ( 1,7)
 2  1 2  1   2  3 2  3   2 2 2 2 2 2
PART-B
Sol. 21. Let us find the HCF of 38 – 2 = 36, 45 – 3 = 42 and 52 – 4 = 48
36 = 22 × 32
42 = 2 × 3 × 7
48 = 24 × 3
HCF of 36, 42 and 48 = 2 × 3 = 6
Hence, the required largest number is 6.
Sol. 22. Here, |PQ| = 10 units
PQ2 = 100
(10 – 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 100
64 + (y + 3)2 = 100
(y + 3)2 = 100 – 64 = 36 = ( 6)2
y+3 =6
 y = 6 – 3 = 3 and y = – 6 – 3 = –9
Hence, the values of y are –9 or 3.
Or
Here, 7AP = 3AB
7 AB
=
3 AP
73 AB  AP 3:4
= A B
3 AP P
(–2, 2) (2, – 4)
4 PB
=
3 AP
 6  8 12  8   2  4 
Coordinates of P are  ,  i.e.,  , .
34 3 4   7 7 
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S E RI E S
3 2 38 5
Sol. 23. Here, sum of zeroes =   
4 3 4 3 4 3
3  2  2 3
Product of zeroes =  
4  3  4 3
Required quadratic polynomial is
2  5   2 3 
p(x) = x    x    [p(x) = x2 – Sx + P]
4 3  4 3 
or p(x) = 4 3 x 2  5 x  2 3
1. Draw a circle of radius 4 cm.
2. Draw any radius OA. B 4
3. Draw another radius OB, such that AOB = 60°. cm
[P + O = 180° and P = 120° (given)

60° O
 O = 180° – 120° = 60°] P
4. At point A, draw AP perpendicular to OA. m
4c
5. At point B, draw PB perpendicular to OB and let A
it intersects AP at P.
Thus, PA and PB are the required tangents.
Sol. 25. sin (x + y) = 1 sin (x + y) = sin 90° x + y = 90° ...(i)
3
cos (x – y) = cos (x – y) = cos 30° x – y = 30° ...(ii)
2
2x = 120° x = 60°
From (i), 60° + y = 90° y = 90° – 60° = 30°
Or
 is acute angle and
sin 
sin  = cos  = 1 tan  = tan 45°  = 45°
cos 
Now, 2 tan2  + sin2  – 1 = 2 tan2 45° + sin2 45° – 1
2
 1 
= 2(1)2
+  1
 2 
1 4 1 2 3
= 2  1   .
2 2 2
Sol. 26. We know that length of the tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle are of equal lengths.
 AP = AU ...(i) E S D
BP = BQ ...(ii) T R
CR = CQ ...(iii)
F C
DR = DS ...(iv)
U Q
ET = ES ...(v)
FT = FU ...(vi) A P B
Adding (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) and (vi) vertically, we obtain
AP + BP + CR + DR + ET + FT = AU + BQ + CQ + DS + ES + FU
(AP + BP) + (CR + DR) + (ET + FT) = (AU + FU) + (BQ + CQ) + (DS + ES)
AB + CD + EF = AF + BC + DE
or AB + CD + EF = BC + DE + FA

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S

p
 7 = , q  0, where p and q are co-prime.
q
Squaring on both sides, we have
p2
7 =
q2
 p2 = 7q2
 7 divides p2  7 divides p ...(i)
Let p = 7 × m, where m is an integer. ...(ii)
(7m) 2 = 7q2
 49m2 = 7q2
 q2 = 7m2
 7 divides q2  7 divides q
 q = 7 × n, where n is an integer. ...(iii)
From (ii) and (iii), we have 7 as a common factor of p and q.
Sol. 28. Here, – 2 is a root of quadratic equation 3x2 + 7x + p = 0
 3(–2)2 + 7(–2) + p = 0 p = –12 + 14 = 2
Now, 2
x + k(4x + k – 1) + 2 = 0
or x2 + 4kx + k2 – k + 2 = 0 have equal roots
 b2 – 4ac = 0
 (4k)2 – 4(1)(k2 – k + 2) = 0
 4k2 – k2 + k – 2 = 0
 3k2 + k – 2 = 0
 3k2 + 3k – 2k – 2 = 0
 (3k – 2)(k + 1) = 0
2
 k = –1 or .
3
Or
b2 – 4ac = 0
{–(7p + 2)}2
– 4(2p + 1) (7p – 3) = 0
 49p2 + 28p + 4 – 56p2 + 24p – 28p + 12 = 0
 –7p2 + 24p + 16 = 0 or 7p2 – 24p – 16 = 0
 2
7p – 28p + 4p – 16 = 0 7p(p – 4) + 4(p – 4) = 0
 (p – 4) (7p + 4) = 0
4
 p = 4 and p =  .
7
Sol. 29. Since tangent is perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact i.e., OA  AB
 OAB = 90°
Now, in rt. ed OAB
AB
= tan 
r
 AB = r tan  ...(i)
OB
Also, = sec 
OA
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
 OB = OA sec 
 OP + PB = r sec 
 r + PB = r sec 
 PB = r sec  – r ...(ii)
 r
Length of the arc AP =  2r = ...(iii)
360 180
Now, the perimeter of the shaded region = AB + PB + AP
r
= r tan  + r sec  – r +
180
[using (i), (ii) and (iii)]

= r(tan  + sec  – 1 + )
180

= r(tan  + sec  + – 1)
180
Sol. 30. Given : ABC is right-angled at B. B
To Prove : AC2 = AB2 + BC2.
Const. : Draw BD  AC.
Proof : ADB ~ ABC
[ ADB = ABC = 90°
and A = A (common)] A C
D
AD AB
AB AC
 AB2 = AD × AC ...(i)
Similarly, CDB ~ CBA [_ C = C, CDB = CBA = 90°]
CD BC
BC AC
 BC2 = CD × AC ... (ii)
AB2 + BC2 = AD × AC + CD × AC
AB2 + BC2 = (AD + CD) × AC
= AC × AC
= AC2
Since ADB is rt. angled triangle right-angled at D and B < 90°
 AB2 = AD2 + BD2 ...(iii)
Again, in rt. angled ADC
AC2 = AD2 + DC2
AC2 = AD2 + (BC – BD)2
AC2 = AD2 + BC2 + BD2 – 2BC.BD
AC2 = (AD2 + BD2) + BC2 – 2BC.BD
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 – 2BC.BD [using (iii)]
Or
Given that : AP : PB = 3 : 2
PB 2 PB  AP 2  3 AB 5 5
 =      AB  AP ...(i)
AP 3 AP 3 AP 3 3
Also, CQ : QD = 4 : 1
QD 1 QD  CQ 1  4 CD 5 5
 =      CD  CQ ...(ii)
CQ 4 CQ 4 CQ 4 4

®
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S E RI E S
Since ABCD is a parallelogram

 AB = CD and AB DC
5 5 AP 5 3 3 CQ 4 AP 3
 AP = CQ     or  or  ...(iii)
3 4 CQ 4 5 4 AP 3 CQ 4
In ARP and CRQ
RAP = RCQ [alt. interior angles]
ARP = CRQ [vertically opp. angles]
By using AA similarity criterion, we have
ARP ~ CRQ
AR PR AP
 = 
CR QR QC
AR 3
 = [using (iii)]
CR 4
CR 4
or =
AR 3
CR  AR 43
=
AR 3
AC 7 3
=  AR  AC.
AR 3 7
Sol. 31. Area of land (in hectares) No. of Families
1–3 20
3–5 45
5–7 80
7–9 55
9 – 11 40
11 – 13 12
Here, highest frequency (No. of families) is 80

 5 – 7 is the modal class
l = 5, f0 = 80, f1 = 45, f2 = 55, h = 2
 f0  f1 
Mode = l   h
 2 f0  f1  f2 
 80  45 
Mode = 5   2
 2  80  45  55 
70
Mode = 5 + = 5 + 1.167 = 6.167  6.2 hectares
60
Sol. 32. Case-I : Let AB be the height of the balloon
In rt. angled OAB
AB 3 B
= sin 60 
OB 2
3 3
AB = OB  215   186.19 m
2 2
5m
Case-II : When angle is reduced by 15°, then angle of hm

21
elevation is 60° – 15° i.e., 45°

AB 1
Now, = sin 45° =
OB 2 60°
1 1 O A
AB = OB   215   152 m
2 2
Reduction in height of the balloon = 186.19 – 152 = 34.19 m.
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S E RI E S
Sol. 33. * Replace medium with median
Class Interval Frequency c.f.
0 – 100 2 2
100 – 200 5 7
200 – 300 x x+7
300 – 400 12 x + 19
400 – 500 17 x + 36
500 – 600 20 x + 56
600 – 700 y x + y + 56
700 – 800 9 x + y + 65
800 – 900 7 x + y + 72
900 – 1000 4 x + y + 76
Total 100
Here, N = 100 x + y + 76 = 100 x + y = 24 ...(i)

Median = 525
500 – 600 is the median class
N
l = 500, = 50, c.f. = x + 36, f = 20 and h = 100
2
N 
 2  c. f . 
 f 
 50  x  36 
525 = 500     100
 20 
25 = (14 – x)5
5x = 70 – 25 = 45 x = 9
From (i), we have 9 + y = 24  y = 24 – 9 = 15
Hence, the missing frequencies are x = 9 and y = 15. A
Sol. 34. Let AB be the cliff of height h m, such that
C
5 1 L
tan  = , tan  = and PQ = 150 m I hm
7 2
F
In rt. angled QBA 1 5 F
 tan  = 2 tan  =
 7
AB 5 AB 7 P Q B
tan  =    QB  AB 150 m
QB 7 QB 5
AB 1
= tan  =
PB 2
7
2AB = PB = PQ + QB = 150 + AB
5
7
2AB – AB = 150
5
3 150  5
AB = 150 AB = = 250 m
5 3
Hence, the required height of the cliff is 250 m.
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Or C
Let C be the position of cloud and BD be the lake. A be
the point 60 m above lake, such that
(h – 60) m
CAE = 30°, EAC= 60°, AB = ED = 60 m 30° hm
A E
CE = h – 60 and CE = h + 60 60°
In rt. angled AEC 60 m 60 m
CE 1 D
B
= tan 30° = AE = 3 CE ...(i)
AE 3
In rt. angled AEC hm
C E
= tan 60° = 3
AE
C
h + 60 = 3 AE = 3 ( 3 CE) [using (i)]
h + 60 = 3CE = 3(h – 60)
h + 60 = 3h – 180 2h = 240h = 120
Hence, the height of the cloud is 120 m.
Sol. 35. Volume of wood = Volume of cuboid – Volume of 4 conical depressions
– Volume of cubical depression
1 22
= 10 × 5 × 4 – 4 ×  × 0.5 × 0.5 × 2.1 – 3 × 3 × 3
3 7
= 200 – 2.2 – 27
= 200 – 29.2
= 170.8 cm3
So. 36. Let x km/h be the uniform speed of the train and the scheduled time taken be y hours
 Distance covered = xy km
According to first condition, we have
(x + 10) (y – 2) = distance covered
xy – 2x + 10y – 20 = xy 2x – 10y = –20 or x – 5y = –10 ...(i)
According to second condition, we have
(x – 10) (y + 3) = xy
xy + 3x – 10y – 30 = xy 3x – 10y = 30 ...(ii)
3x – 15y = –30 ...(iii)
Subtracting eq. (iii) from eq. (ii), we have
3x – 10y – 3x + 15y = 30 + 30
5y = 60
y = 12
x – 5(12) = –10
x = 60 – 10 = 50
Hence, distance covered = xy = 50 × 12 = 600 km.
vvvvv

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
EVERGREEN MOCK TEST PAPER

Class : 10
PART-A
SECTION – I
Sol. 1. We know that,
Product of two numbers = LCM × HCF
725 × Other number = 2175 × 145
2175  145
Other number =  435
725
Or
441 9.7 2 9
2 3 2
= 2 3 2
 2 3
2 .5 .7 2 .5 .7 2 .5
Here, denominator is of the form 2m.5n.
Hence, it is a terminating decimal representation.
Sol. 2. Given quadratic polynomial is 4x2 + kx – 3
Sum of zeroes = –1
k b
= –1 [ Sum of zeroes =  ]
4 a
k =4
Sol. 3. For inconsistent, we have
a1 b c
= 1  1
a2 b2 c2
5 k 7
= 
1 2 3
14
 k = 10 and k   .
3
Sol. 4. Let ` x and ` y be respectively fixed charges and additional charge for each day, then according
to the statement, we have
x + 4y = 30 and x + 7y = 45
Which is the linear representation.
Sol. 5. Here, a = 31, d = 28 – 31 = –3
Let an term is the first negative term
 a + (n – 1)d < 0
31 + (n – 1)(–3) < 0
31
n–1 >
3
34 1
n > or 11
3 3
Hence, 12th term is the first negative of the given A.P.

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Or
* In an arithmetic progression, if a = 3, n = 8 and Sn = 192, then find d.
Sn = 192
n
[2a  (n  1)d] = 192
2
8
[2  3  (8  1)d] = 192
2
24 + 28d = 192
192  24
d = 6
28
Sol. 6. Let x years be the age of daughter
 Mother’s age = 25 – x
Now, (x – 5) (25 – x – 5) = 58
(x – 5) (20 – x) = 58
2
20x – x – 100 + 5x – 58 = 0
x2 – 25x + 158 = 0
Discriminant (D) = b2 – 4ac = (–25)2 – 4(1)(158) = 625 – 632 = –7 < 0
Since discriminant is negative, therefore, no real root exists.
Hence, no, this situation is not possible.
Sol. 7. 4x2 + 4bx – a2 + b2 = 0
b  b 2  4 ac  4 b  16b 2  16a 2  16b 2
x = 
2a 24
 4 b  4 a b  a  b  a b  a
=   and
2 4 2 2 2
ab (a  b)
Hence, the roots are and .
2 2
Or
For real and equal roots, we have
b2 – 4ac = 0
 2 2
(4k) – 4(1)(k – k + 2) = 0
 4k2 – k2 + k – 2 = 0
 3k2 + 3k – 2k – 2 = 0
 3k(k + 1) – 2(k + 1) = 0
 (k + 1) (3k – 2) = 0
2
 k = –1 and k = .
3
Sol. 8. We know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are of equal length
 AD = AF, BD = BE and CE = CF
Let AD = AF = x cm
 BD = BE = 12 – x and CE = CF = 10 – x
Now, BE + CE = BC
 12 – x + 10 – x = 8  22 – 8 = 2x x = 7 cm
 BE = 12 – 7 = 5 cm
Hence, the length of AD and BE are AD = 7 cm and BE = 5 cm.
Sol. 9. In rt. angled ABO, B = 90°
 OB2 + AB2 = OA2 O
OB2 + 42 = 52
OB2 = 25 – 16 = 9 5c
m
OB = 3 A 4 cm B
Hence, radius of the circle is 3 cm.
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Or
In OAB, OA = OB = radii of same circle
 OAB = OBA = 32° [ angles opp. to equal sides of a triangle are equal]
Now, AOB = 180° – OAB – OBA
= 180° – 32° – 32° = 116°
1 1
ACB = AOB   116  58
2 2
BAS = ACB = 58° [angles in the corresponding alternate segment are equal]
Sol. 10. In trapezium ABCD, AB DC, diagonals AC and BD intersect D C
each other in O
AO BO
 = O
OC OD
x5 x3
=
x3 x2 A B
x2 + 3x – 10 = x2 – 9
3x = 10 – 9 = 1
1
x =
3
Sol. 11. Minimum number of points located on the ray LX is a + b.
Sol. 12. Here, 3 tan 5 = 1
1
tan 5 =  tan 30
3
 5 = 30°
30
  =  6
5
Sol. 13. * If a = 3 cosec2  and b = 2 – 3 cot2  then find the value of a + b.
Here, a = 3 cosec2  and b = 2 – 3 cot2 
Now, a + b = 3 cosec2  + 2 – 3 cot2 
= 3 (cosec2 – cot2 ) + 2
= 3(1) + 2
= 5.
Sol. 14. Area of circle = 1256 cm2
r2 = 1256
1256 1256
r2 =   400
 3.14
r = 20 cm  diameter of the circle = 40 cm
We know that diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular bisector of each other.
1 1 2
 Area of required rhombus =  d1  d2   40  40  800 cm
2 2
Sol. 15. Here, radius of the base of shape so formed = r units
Height of the shape so formed = h + h = 2h units
Since it is a cylinder.
 Total surface area = 2r2 + 2r(2h)
= 2r2 + 4rh or 2r(r + 2h) sq. units
Sol. 16. Total number of outcomes = 6 × 6 = 36
Total number of outcomes with sum 9 and 11 = 6{(3, 6), (4, 5), (6, 3), (5, 4), (5, 6), (6, 5)}
36  6 30 5
Required probability =  
36 36 6
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Or
Total number of playing cards = 52
Total number of queen and king = 4 + 4 = 8
Total number of cards drawn with neither queen nor king = 52 – 8 = 44
44 11
Required probability =  .
52 13
SECTION – II
(i) (d) 77 [Here, highest frequency is 136 and class corresponding
to it is 64 – 77. Upper limit of modal class 64 – 77 is 77]
(ii) (b) 141 [Here, n = 200 and n/2 = 100. Class corresponding to c.f.
100 is 64 – 77, so it is median class and modal class is also
64 – 77. Required sum = 64 + 77 = 141]
(iii) (c) 32 [Number of qualified students = 5 + 27= 32]
82
(iv) (a) 164 [82% of total students (200) = × 200  164]
100
(v) (c) Median
(i) (b) (1, 5)
[For zeroes, put x2 – 6x + 5 = 0 x2 – x – 5x + 5 = 0 (x – 1) (x – 5) = 0 x = 1
and x = 5]
(ii) (d) parabolic
(iii) (c) x2 – 4x – 21
[Sum of zeroes = 4 and one zero = 7, therefore, other zero = 4 – 7 = –3
Product of zeroes = 7(–3) = –21
Required parabolic trajectory = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 4x – 21]
(iv) (a) 0
[Here, p(x) = (x – 1)2 + 5 = x2 – 2x + 1 + 5 = x2 – 2x + 6
Now, discriminant = b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(1)(6) = 4 – 24 = –20 < 0
Thus, no real zero exists]
(v) (a) 1
1
[p(x) = x2 – 8x + k. Let  and be the two zeroes of p(x)

 1
 Product of zeroes = ()   = k k = 1]
 
(i) (b) 80 m
1
[Here, the scale factor = .
1000
Actual distance between two towns = 8 × 1000 = 8000 cm = 80 m]
(ii) (a) 24 cm
Required distance 22 120  22
[Here,   Required distance   24 cm]
120 110 110
(iii) (b) 0.75
Length of the image 7.5 9
[Required scale factor =  or  0.75]
Corresponding length in object 10 12

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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
(iv) (d) 18 m
[In OAD, P and S are respectively the mid-point of OA and OD, there by using mid-
point theorem, we have
1 1
PS = AD and PS AD PS = × 36 = 18 m]
2 2
(v) (c) SAS similarity criterian
(i) (c) (3, 2)
 2  4 2  2
[Coordinates of the mid-point of J(2, 2) and K(4, 2) =  ,  = (3, 2)]
 2 2 
(ii) (b) 3 units
[Coordinates of G are G(3, 4) and its distance from y-axis is x-coordinate of (3, 4)
= 3 units]
(iii) (a) 65
[Distance between O(0, 0) and R(7, 4) = 72  4 2  49  16  65 units]
 23   13 
(iv) * Replace option (a)  , 3  with (a)  , 3 
 10   8 
 3  
 13   5  2 3  9   13  1:3
(a)  , 3  ,    , 3  H E
 8  1  3 1  3   8  ( 1 , 3) (5, 3)
2
(v) (d) 28 sq. units
[Area of rectangle OQRP = l × b = 7 × 4 = 28 sq. units]
PART-B
Sol. 21. Let us find the LCM of 30, 24 and 15
30 = 2×3×5
24 = 23 × 3
15 = 3×5
LCM of 30, 24 and 15 = 23 × 3 × 5 = 120
120
 4,
Hence, least number of boxes of kind I =
30
120
least number of boxes of kind II =  5 and
24
120
least number of boxes of kind III = 8
15
Sol. 22. Let P(x, 0) be the required point on x-axis which divide the line segment joining A(1, –5) and
B(– 4, 5) in the ratio k : 1
 4 k  1 5k  5 
P(x, 0) = P  , 
 k 1 k 1 
5k  5 k:1
 = 0 5k – 5 = 0  k = 1 A B
k 1
(1, –5) (– 4, 5)
 4(1)  1 3
And x = 
11 2
 3 
Hence, the required ratio is 1 : 1 and coordinates of required point is   , 0 .
 2 
Or
1
Here, AP = AB
2 1:1
2 AB A B
 = (4, 2) (8, 4)
1 AP
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
21 AB  AP BP
=  1   AP = PB
1 AP AP
Thus, P is the mid-point of AB.
 4  8 2  4
Coordinates of P are P  ,  i.e., P(6, 3).
 2 2 
Sol. 23. Here,  and  are the zeroes of p(x) = x2 + 5x + 5
b c
  = = –5 and = =5
a a
Now, S = ( + 1) + ( + 1) = () + 2 = –5 + 2 = –3
P = ( + 1) ( + 1) =  + () + 1 = 5 – 5 + 1 = 1
Required quadratic polynomial is
x2 – Sx + P i.e., x2 + 3x + 1
D
1. Draw a circle of radius 4.5 cm with the help of T
compasses.
2. Take a point P outside the circle.
C
3. Through P, draw a secant PAB, which intersects
the circle in A and B.
4. Draw the perpendicular bisector of PB, let it
intersect PB in M.
5. With M as centre and PM or MB as radius, draw a P A M B
semi-circle.
6. Through A, draw a line perpendicular to PAB, T
which intersects the semi-circle in D. E
7. With P as centre and PD as radius, draw two arcs, intersecting the given circle in T and T. Join
PT and PT.
Thus, PT and PT are the required tangents.
Sol. 25. Here, 2 cos (60° – ) = 1 and 0° <  < 90°
1
cos (60° – ) = = cos 45°
2
60° –  = 45°
  = 60° – 45° = 15°
Or
1
3 sin A = 1 sin A =
3
1 8 2 2
cos2 A = 1 – sin2 A = 1  cos A =
9 9 3
8
 cos 2 A   
Now, 3 cot2 A + 2 = 3    2  3  9   2  24  2  26.
 sin 2 A   1 
 
9
Sol. 26. Let l1 and l2, two intersecting lines, intersect at P, be the l1
tangents from an external point P to a circle with centre Q

O, at Q and R respectively.
Join OQ and OR
Now, in PQO and PRO, we have O
P
PO = PO [common]
OQ = OR [radii of same circle] R
PQ = PR [tangents from an external point]
 PQO  PRO [by SSS congruence rule] l2
 OPQ = OPR
 O lies on the bisector of the lines l1 and l2.
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 27. Let 7  4 5 be a rational number..

a
 It can be expressed as , where a and b both are integers and b 0.
b
a
Thus, 74 5 =
b
a
4 5 = 7
b
a  7b
4 5 =
b
a  7b
5 =
4b
Integer
5 = = rational number
Integer
But 5 is irrational (given).
 Our assumption that 7  4 5 is rational number is wrong.
Hence, 7  4 5 is an irrational.
Sol. 28. Given quadratic equation is : 5x2 + (2k + 1)x + k – 2 = 0
 and  are its roots
b (2k  1)
  =   ...(i)
a 5
c k2
and  =  ...(ii)
a 5
Also, 2 + 5 = 1 [given]
5 + 5 = –2k – 1 [using (i)]
Subtracting these two equations, gives
3  = –2k – 2
2
 =  (k  1)
3
 2 
Also, 2   (k  1)  5 = 1
 3 
4 3  4k  4 4 k  7
5 = 1  (k  1)  
3 3 3
4k  7
 =
15
Using (ii), we obtain
 2   4k  7  k2
  3 (k  1)  15  =
5
  
2
–8k – 14k – 8k – 14 = 9k – 18
8k2 + 31k – 4 = 0
2
8k + 32k – k – 4 = 0
8k(k + 4) – 1(k + 4) = 0
(8k – 1) (k + 4) = 0
1
 k = and k = – 4
8
Or
5
One root of 2x2 – 8x – m = 0 is
2
2
 5 5
 2   8   m = 0
 2 2
25 40
  m = 0 m =  15
2 2 2
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
15
Now, 2x2 – 8x + =0
2
 4x2 – 16x + 15
0 =
 4x2 – 10x – 6x + 15
0 =
 2x(2x – 5) – 3(2x – 5)
0 =
 (2x – 3) (2x – 5)
0 =
3 5
 x = and x =
2 2
15 3
Hence, the value of m is  and other root is .
2 2
Sol. 29. Here, OA = OB = r cm and AOB = 90°
In rt. angled AOB
AB2 = OA2 + OB2 O
25 = r2 + r2
r 90° r
25 5
r2 =  r= cm A 5 cm B
2 2
K
Area of minor segment = Area of sector AOBKA – Area of AOB
90 25 1 25
= ××  ×
360 2 2 2
25 25 25
=   (  2)cm 2
8 4 8
25
Area of circle = r2 =
2
Area of major segment = Area of circle – Area of minor segment
25 25
=  (  2)
2 8
25 25
= (4     2)  (3  2)cm 2
8 8
25
Difference between area of major and minor segment = (3 + 2 –  + 2)
8
25
= (2 + 4)
8
25
= ( + 2) cm2
4
Sol. 30. In ABC, B = 90°
A
AB  BC
Also, DM  BC
 AB  DM D
N
Similarly, BC  AB and DN  AB 2 1
 BC  ND 3 4
B C
M
Now, in quadrilateral BMDN
AB  DM, BC  ND and ABC = 90°
 BMDN is a rectangle.
 BM  ND
In DMB,
2 + 3 = 90° ...(i)
[ BMD = 90°]

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Similarly, 1 + 4 = 90° ...(ii)

Since BD  AC, 1 + 2 = 90° ...(iii)
1 = 3 and 2 = 4
 BMD ~ DMC [by AA similarity axiom]
DM BM
 =
MC DM
 DM.DM = MC.BM
 DM2 = MC.DN [ BM = DN]
Similarly, BND ~ DNA
DN BN
 =
AN DN
 DN.DN = AN.BN
 DN2 = AN.DM [ BN = DM]
Or
* If A be the area of a right triangle and b is one of the sides containing the right angle, prove
2Ab P
that the length of the altitude on the hypotenuse is
4A 2  b4
N
Let PQR be a right-angled triangle, right-angled at Q, such that
QR = b and ar(PQR) = A.
R Q
Draw QN  PR b
1
Now, ar(PQR) = (QR × PQ)
2
1
A = (b × PQ)
2
2A
PQ = ...(i)
b
In PNQ and PQR, we have
PNQ = PQR [each = 90°]
QPN = QPR [common]
 By AA similarity axiom,
PNQ ~ PQR
PQ NQ
 = ...(ii)
PR QR
In right-angled PQR, Q = 90°
 PR2 = PQ2 + QR2
4A 2 4A 2  b4
= + b2 =
b2 b2
4 A 2  b4 4 A 2  b4
PR =  ...(iii)
b2 b
2A
b NQ
=
2 4 b
4A  b
b
2A NQ
=
2 4 b
4A  b
2Ab
 NQ =
4A 2  b 4
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EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 31. Clearly, (10000 – 15000) has maximum frequency i.e., 41. So it is the modal class.
Here, l = 10000, h = 5000, f1 = 41, f0 = 26, f2 = 16
 f1  f0 
Mode = l +  h
 2 f1  f0  f2 
 41  26 
= 10000 + 
 2  41  26  16   5000
15  5000
= 10000 + = 10000 + 1875
40
= 11875
Sol. 32. Let BC = h m be the height of the tower. Let A be a point on the ground and CD = 5 m be
the height of pole fixed on the top of the tower.
Let AB = x m, CAB = 45° and  DAB = 60° D
Consider rt. angled ABC, we have

BC
= tan 45° 5m
AB
h
 = 1 h = x ...(i) C
x
Consider rt. angled ABD, we have
BD m
= tan 60° 60°
AB 45°
A
h+5 B
 = 3 xm
x
 h+5 = 3x
 h+5 = 3h [ from (i), h = x]
 5 = 3h– h
 h ( 3 – 1) = 5
5 3 1 5( 3  1) 5(1.732  1)
 h =  = =
3 1 3 1 3 1 2
5  2.732
= = 5 × 1.366 = 6.83 m
2
Hence, the height of the tower is 6.83 m
Sol. 33. C.I. Frequency (f i ) Mid-Value (x i ) fi xi
0 – 20 17 10 170
20 – 40 f1 30 30 f1
40 – 60 32 50 1600
60 – 80 f2 70 70 f2
80 – 100 19 90 1710
Total fi = 68 + f1+ f2 = 120 fi xi = 3480 + 30f1 + 70f2
Here, 68 + f1 + f2 = 120
 f1 + f2 = 52 ...(i)
 fi xi
Mean =
 fi
3480  30 f1  70 f2
 50 =
120
 3480 + 30f1 + 70f2 = 6000
 30f1 + 70f2 = 2520 ...(ii)
®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Multiplying (i) by 30 and subtracting from (ii), we have

30f1 + 30f2 = 1560
30f1 + 70f2 = 2520
(–) (–) (–)
– 40f2 = – 960
 f2 = 24
D
From (i), we have f1 + 24= 52  f1 = 28
Sol. 34. Let CD be the tower of height h m, such that
AB = 20 m, A = 30°, B = 60° and BC = x m hm
In rt. angled BCD
30° 60°
CD
= tan 60° = 3 A B C
BC 20 m xm
h
CD = BC 3  h = x 3 or x = ...(i)
3
In rt. angled ACD
CD 1
= tan 30° =
AC 3
h
3 CD = AC  h 3 = 20 + BC  h 3 = 20 + x = 20 +
3
 3 1 
h  = 20
 3 
20 3
h =  10 3 = 10(1.73) = 17.3 m
2
10 3
From (i), we have x = = 10 m
3
Hence, the height of the tower is 17.3 m and the width of the canal is 10 m.
Or
Let AX be horizontal ground. Let P and Q be the two positions
P Q
of the jet fighter and A be the point of observation.
Speed of jet = 720 km/h
720 ×1000 hm
= hm
60 × 60 60°
30°
= 200 m/sec A C 3000 m D
X
Distance covered in 15 secs. = 200 × 15 = 3000 m
 CD = 3000 m
In rt. angled ACP
PC PC h
= tan 60° = 3  PC = AC 3  AC =  ...(i)
AC 3 3
In rt. angled ADQ
QD 1
= tan 30° =
AD 3
AD = QD 3  AC + CD = h 3
h h  3 1
+ 3000 = h 3  h 3– = 3000  h   = 3000
3 3  3 
3000 3
 h =  1500 3 = 1500 × 1.732 = 2598 m
2
Hence, the constant height of jet fighter is 2598 m.

®
EVERGREEN
S E RI E S
Sol. 35. Radius of cylindrical base = Radius of conical top = 2 m
2.
Height of cylindrical portion = 2.1 m
8
hm
m
Slant height of conical top = 2.8 m
2m
 Height of conical top = (2.8)2  (2)2
2.1 m
= 7.84  4
= 3.84  1.95 m 2m
Volume of air in the tent = Volume of cylindrical portion + Volume of conical top
22 1 22
= × 2 × 2 × 2.1  × × 2 × 2 × 1.95
7 3 7
= 26.4 + 8.17
= 34.57 m3
Area of the canvas required = C.S.A. of conical top + C.S.A. of cylinder
22 22
× 2 × 2.8  2 ×
= × 2 × 2.1
7 7
= 17.6 + 26.4
= 44 m2
Total cost of canvas = ` 500 × 44
= ` 22000
Hence, the area of the canvas required is 44 m2, total cost of canvas is ` 22000 and volume
of air enclosed in the tent is 34.57 m3.
Sol. 36. Let first average speed of the train be x km/h. Distance covered = 54 km
54
 Time taken = hours
x
Another average speed of the train = (x + 6) km/h
Distance covered = 63 km
63
Time taken = hours
x6
Total time taken to complete the journey = 3 hours
54 63
  =3
x x6
54 x  63 x  324
=3
x(x  6)
117x + 324 = 3(x2 + 6x)
39x + 108 = x2 + 6x
x2 – 33x – 108 = 0
2
x – 36x + 3x – 108 = 0
(x – 36)(x + 3) = 0
 x – 36 = 0 or x + 3 = 0
 x = 36 or x = –3
Rejecting negative value of x because speed cannot be negative.
Thus, x = 36
Hence, the first average speed of the train is 36 km/h.
vvvvv

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SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-1

(1) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

We know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle

(2) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Sol. 16. Total number of playing cards = 52

Sol. 24. Given : A circle of radius 3 cm and a point P, 5 cm away

Water collected per minute through cylindrical pipe =  × 1 × 1 × 1000

Again, consider a rt. angled AGF,

(10) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

(11) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-2

(15) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Sol. 20. Case Study Based-4 :

(16) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Sol. 25. cosec A = 2

1 sin A 1 sin 30

(18) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Sol. 31. Variable Frequency c. f .

Here, median is 46.

Hence, the height of two poles are 30 2 m and 60 2 m.

3816 + 53p = 3340 + 70p

(21) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Let the two cars meet at point C after 15 hours.

(22) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-3

(23) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

And AB = AQ + QB = 2.5 + 2.5 = 5 cm.

(24) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Sol. 10. In PQR, AB QR

tan B = 3  tan 60

Now, 16 x 2  9 y 2 = 16  9 sin 2   9  16 cos 2 

= 144 [ sin2  + cos2  = 1]

(26) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Sol. 19. Case Study Based-3 :

Sol. 23. Sum of zeroes = 2  3  2  3

2. Mark two points P and Q on extended diameter, such that OP = OQ = 7 cm.

Sol. 29. Area of square ABCD = 4 × 4 = 16 cm2

4AQ2 = 4AC2 + BC2 ...(i)

Sol. 31. Class Interval Frequency c.f.

In rt. angled PBA

(31) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Marks No. of Students (fi ) Class Mark (xi ) fi xi

Hence, the required distance walked by the boy is 20( 3  1) m.

(32) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

(33) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

(34) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-4

Subtracting (i) from (ii), we have

Sol. 8. AC = AB 2 +BC 2 = 8 2 +15 2

OPQ + QPR = 90°

Hence, the length of side of rhombus is 10 cm.

Hence, distance of P from the centre is more than 2r.

(41) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

(42) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Proof : In ADC and EDB

In ABD, ADE is an acute angle

In rt. angled PBA

100 300  100 200 200

(44) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

(45) e-mail : epildelhi@gmail.com

Now, in s POQ and RPQ P

POQ = RPQ [each 90°]