Chapter – 1

1. If a purchaser fails to pay the price, the seller can cancel the sale contract.

2. It is possible for a seller and a buyer to mutually agree that the seller will sell his
house for one year after which the buyer should again sell the house to him.

3. A seller may sell his house on the condition that the purchaser should rent out
the same house to him.

4. If a purchaser fails to pay the price, the seller can cancel the sale contract and fix
another price.

5. In bay' al-urbun, the seller is exposed to price risk because the property may not
be sold for the same price.

6. In bay' al-urbun, the right to purchase the property is sold to the purchaser and
not the property itself.

7. In sale of debt (bay al-dayn), there is an element of uncertainty (gharar) because

the seller is not delivering the debt.

8. In a sale of debt, the purchaser of the debt agrees to exchange some money now
for more money later.

9. In sale of debt (bay al-dayn), there is an element of uncertainty (gharar) because

the debtor may not be able to pay the debt.

10. If a debt is sold to a third person, this would burden the debtor because he has
to pay more to the third person.
11. In sale of debt (bay' al-dayn), the payment of the debt to the purchaser of the
debt is guaranteed.

12. The difference between bay' al-einah and tawarruq is that in tawarruq the sold
item is repurchased by the same seller.

13. A person can sell certain goods that he does not own provided he is certain to
acquire those goods and deliver them to the purchaser.

14. A sale contract cannot have two prices— one for cash payment and another for
deferred payment.

15. The reason for the prohibition of talaqi al-rukban could be to prevent all
unnecessary interferences between a seller and a potential purchaser.

Chapter – 2

1. In a bargain (musawamah) sale certain goods are sold based on their cost price
with an added profit.

2. In a murabaha contract, the Islamic bank is acting as an agent who purchases the
property on behalf of the customer.

3. In a salam contract, a purchaser can sell the salam commodity to others before
he acquires the commodity.

4. In a salam contract, it is not permissible for the seller to sell certain crops in a
specific field.

5. The parties in a salam contract may agree that the price should be determined
when the commodity is actually delivered.

6. The purchaser in a salam contract can pay earnest money (urbun) on the spot
and defer the balance to a later time.

7. In a salam contract, the commodity sold is considered an obligation (dayn) on

the seller.
8. In a salam contract, the purchaser can ask for collateral from the seller.

9. In an istisna' contract, both the raw materials and labour should be provided by
the seller.

10. In an istisna' contract, a purchaser employs a seller to make for him a certain
well-defined and known item.

11. In an istisna' sale, the payment of the price can be postponed to a future date.

12. In an istisna' contract, raw materials are provided by one party and labour,
workmanship, or expertise by another.

13. The unequal sale of Ringgit for Euro, on credit is allowed because they belong
to two different types of currencies.

14. In a sale of currencies, both currencies should be exchanged on the spot.

15. In an exchange of currencies, both currencies should be in cash and present.

Chapter -3

1. In a lease contract, the right to use the leased asset and its ownership is
transferred to the lessee.

2. The risk of deliberate destruction of the leased asset should be borne by the
lessor.

3. The risk of depreciation of the leased asset should be borne by the lessor.

4. At the end of the operational lease, the leasing company transfers the ownership
of the leased asset to the customer.

5. Usufruct refers to a tangible benefit such as the wage or salary of an employee.

6. A person should not be paid for the performance of a job that is his obligation to
perform.

7. An employee should not be paid from the produce of his work.

8. In i’arah, the maintenance expenses of the borrowed item should be paid by the
borrower.
9. A person may not rent his trees for their fruits.

10. The contract of reward (ja'alah) is not valid if the offer made is not accepted by
the worker ('amil).

11. It is not valid to make an offer of reward (ja'alah) for a specific person.

12. It is valid to make an offer of reward (ja'alah) for unknown persons.